Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia最新文献_第5页

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-05-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.05.002

引用次数: 0

Pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics and antinociceptive effects of buprenorphine following transdermal administration to horses 马匹透皮给药后丁丙诺啡的药代动力学、药效学和抗镇痛作用。

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-05-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.05.001

Objective

This study describes the pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, including antinociceptive effects, of a transdermal buprenorphine solution in horses. It was hypothesized that transdermal application would lead to sustained blood concentrations and antinociceptive effects with fewer adverse effects compared with intravenous (IV) injection.

Study design

Prospective nonrandomized four-part parallel experimental study.

Animals

A group of eight horses (three mares and five geldings) aged 6–12 years.

Methods

Horses were administered incremental doses of 15, 30 and 45 μg kg^–1 of buprenorphine transdermal solution and a single IV dose of 5 μg kg^–1 of buprenorphine with a 2 week washout period between treatments. Concentrations of buprenorphine were determined in plasma using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and modeled using a nonlinear mixed effects population pharmacokinetic model to determine pharmacokinetic parameters. Pharmacodynamic effects, including changes in locomotor activity, heart rate, body temperature, gastrointestinal borborygmi, thermal and mechanical nociceptive thresholds were recorded. Mixed effects analysis of variance and post hoc comparisons were performed using a Bonferroni multiple comparison adjustment to assess differences in pharmacodynamic parameters between baseline and each time point within each dose group and between dose groups at the same time point.

Results

Transdermal application of buprenorphine resulted in low systemic concentrations relative to IV injection. Bioavailability after transdermal application was 11%. Thermal nociceptive thresholds were significantly (p < 0.05) increased (4.3–10.7% relative to baseline) for up to 72 hours in the IV dose group, but only sporadically in the transdermal dose groups (2.5–9.9% relative to baseline). Changes in locomotor activity, heart rate and borborygmi varied over time and with dose.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Limited thermal antinociceptive effects were observed at the transdermal doses studied likely owing to limited absorption relative to IV dosing. Future studies may be directed toward investigating antinociceptive effects of higher transdermal doses and different application sites.

研究目的本研究描述了经皮丁丙诺啡溶液在马体内的药代动力学和药效学，包括抗痛觉作用。研究假设，与静脉注射相比，透皮应用将导致持续的血药浓度和抗镇痛效果，同时不良反应较少：研究设计：前瞻性非随机四部分平行实验研究：方法：对马匹分别给予 15、30 和 45 μg kg-1 的丁丙诺啡透皮溶液递增剂量，以及 5 μg kg-1 的丁丙诺啡单次静脉注射剂量，两次治疗之间有 2 周的冲洗期。使用液相色谱-串联质谱法测定血浆中丁丙诺啡的浓度，并使用非线性混合效应群体药代动力学模型确定药代动力学参数。记录了药效学效应，包括运动活动、心率、体温、胃肠道搏动、热和机械痛觉阈值的变化。使用 Bonferroni 多重比较调整法进行混合效应方差分析和事后比较，以评估各剂量组内基线与各时间点之间以及同一时间点各剂量组之间药效学参数的差异：结果：与静脉注射相比，经皮应用丁丙诺啡的全身浓度较低。经皮应用后的生物利用度为 11%。静脉注射剂量组的热痛觉阈值在长达 72 小时的时间内显著增加（p < 0.05）（相对于基线增加 4.3-10.7%），而透皮剂量组仅有零星增加（相对于基线增加 2.5-9.9%）。运动活动、心率和血压的变化随时间和剂量而变化：在所研究的透皮剂量下，观察到的热镇痛效果有限，这可能是由于相对于静脉注射而言，吸收有限。未来的研究方向可能是调查更高透皮剂量和不同应用部位的抗痛效果。

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引用次数: 0

Influence of intravenous fentanyl or dexmedetomidine infusions, combined with lidocaine and ketamine, on cardiovascular response, sevoflurane requirement and postoperative pain in dogs anesthetized for unilateral mastectomy 静脉注射芬太尼或右美托咪定以及利多卡因和氯胺酮对单侧乳房切除术麻醉犬的心血管反应、七氟烷需求量和术后疼痛的影响

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.006

Haiumy G. Cardozo, Eduardo R. Monteiro, Bárbara S. Correia, João Victor B Ferronatto, Fábio TD. Almeida-Filho, Marcelo M. Alievi, Stella F. Valle

Objective

To compare the effects of constant rate infusions (CRI) of fentanyl or dexmedetomidine, combined with lidocaine and ketamine, on cardiovascular response during surgery, sevoflurane requirement and postoperative pain in dogs undergoing mastectomy.

Study design

Prospective, randomized, blinded, clinical trial.

Animals

A total of 29 female dogs with mammary tumors.

Methods

Premedication consisted of intramuscular acepromazine and morphine. General anesthesia was induced with intravenous propofol and maintained with sevoflurane. Dogs were randomized to be administered intravenous DLK [dexmedetomidine 1 μg kg^–1 loading dose (LD) and 1 μg kg^–1 hour^–1; lidocaine 2 mg kg^–1 LD and 3 mg kg^–1 hour^–1; ketamine 1 mg kg^–1 LD and 0.6 mg kg^–1 hour^–1; n = 14] or FLK (fentanyl 5 μg kg^–1 LD and 9 μg kg^–1 hour^–1; same doses of lidocaine and ketamine; n = 15) during anesthesia. Cardiorespiratory variables and end-tidal sevoflurane (Fe′Sevo) were recorded during surgery. The number of dogs administered ephedrine to treat arterial hypotension [mean arterial pressure (MAP) < 60 mmHg] was recorded. Meloxicam was administered to both groups. Postoperative pain and rescue analgesia requirement were assessed for 24 hours using the short form of the Glasgow Composite Measure Pain Scale. Data were compared using a mixed effects model or a Mann–Whitney test.

Results

More dogs required ephedrine in FLK than in DLK (67% versus 7%). Heart rate was not significantly different between groups, whereas lower values of MAP (p ≤ 0.01) and Fe′Sevo (p = 0.018) were observed in FLK than in DLK. Rescue analgesia was administered to 2/15 dogs in FLK and 0/14 dogs in DLK.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Based on the cardiovascular response during surgery, intraoperative infusions of FLK and DLK provided adequate antinociception. Infusion of DLK provided greater stability of blood pressure. Both protocols resulted in minimal need for additional analgesia within 24 hours postoperatively.

目的比较芬太尼或右美托咪定的恒速输注（CRI）与利多卡因和氯胺酮联合使用对接受乳腺切除术的犬在手术过程中的心血管反应、七氟烷需求量和术后疼痛的影响。方法预处理包括肌肉注射阿司丙嗪和吗啡。静脉注射丙泊酚诱导全身麻醉，并使用七氟醚维持麻醉。在麻醉期间，随机给狗静脉注射 DLK [右美托咪定 1 μg kg-1 负荷剂量 (LD) 和 1 μg kg-1 小时-1；利多卡因 2 mg kg-1 LD 和 3 mg kg-1 小时-1；氯胺酮 1 mg kg-1 LD 和 0.6 mg kg-1 小时-1；n = 14]或 FLK（芬太尼 5 μg kg-1 LD 和 9 μg kg-1 小时-1；相同剂量的利多卡因和氯胺酮；n = 15）。手术期间记录心肺变量和潮气末七氟醚（Fe′Sevo）。记录了使用麻黄素治疗动脉低血压[平均动脉压 (MAP) < 60 mmHg]的狗的数量。两组均使用美洛昔康。使用格拉斯哥综合疼痛量表简表对术后 24 小时的疼痛和镇痛抢救需求进行评估。采用混合效应模型或曼-惠特尼检验对数据进行比较。结果 FLK组需要麻黄碱的狗比DLK组多（67%对7%）。各组间心率无明显差异，但 FLK 的 MAP 值（p ≤ 0.01）和 Fe′Sevo 值（p = 0.018）低于 DLK。结论和临床意义根据手术过程中的心血管反应，术中输注 FLK 和 DLK 可提供充分的镇痛效果。输注 DLK 可使血压更加稳定。这两种方案在术后 24 小时内对额外镇痛的需求都很小。

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引用次数: 0

The effect of oral pregabalin on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats 口服普瑞巴林对猫体内异氟醚最小肺泡浓度的影响

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.007

Luting Luo , Hangbin Chen , Yunjie Zhu , Yue Wu , Weibin Guo , Zhen Yang , Meng Li

Objective

To investigate the effect of three different doses of oral pregabalin on minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MAC_ISO) in cats.

Study design

Prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled, blinded, crossover trial.

Animals

A group of eight healthy adult cats aged 24–48 months.

Methods

Cats were randomly assigned to three oral doses of pregabalin (low dose: 2.5 mg kg^–1, medium dose: 5 mg kg^–1, high dose: 10 mg kg^–1) or placebo 2 hours before MAC_ISO determination, with the multiple treatments administered with a minimum 7 day washout period. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen until endotracheal intubation was achieved, and maintained with isoflurane with volume-controlled ventilation. MAC_ISO was determined in triplicate using the bracketing technique and tail clamp method 120 minutes after pregabalin or placebo administration. Physiologic variables (including heart rate and blood pressure) recorded during MAC_ISO determination were averaged and compared between the pregabalin and placebo treatments. One-way analysis of variance and the Friedman test were used to assess the difference for normally and non-normally distributed data, respectively. The Tukey test was used as a post hoc analysis. Values of p < 0.05 were considered significant.

Results

The MAC_ISO with the medium- and high-dose pregabalin treatments were 1.33 ± 0.21% and 1.23 ± 0.17%, respectively. These were significantly lower than MAC_ISO after placebo treatment (1.62 ± 0.13%; p = 0.014, p < 0.001, respectively), representing a decrease of 18 ± 9% and 24 ± 6%. The mean plasma pregabalin concentration was negatively correlated with MAC_ISO values. Physiologic variables did not differ significantly between treatments.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Doses of 5 or 10 mg kg^–1 pregabalin, administered orally 2 hours before determining MAC_ISO, had a significant isoflurane-sparing effect in cats.

研究设计前瞻性、随机、安慰剂对照、盲法、交叉试验。动物一组 8 只健康成年猫，年龄 24-48 个月。方法在测定 MACISO 前 2 小时将猫随机分配到三种口服剂量的普瑞巴林（低剂量：2.5 毫克/千克-1、中剂量：5 毫克/千克-1、高剂量：10 毫克/千克-1）或安慰剂，多种治疗均在至少 7 天的冲洗期内进行。在氧气中使用异氟醚诱导和维持麻醉，直到实现气管插管，并使用异氟醚和容量控制通气维持麻醉。在服用普瑞巴林或安慰剂 120 分钟后，使用括号技术和尾钳法测定 MACISO，一式三份。测定 MACISO 期间记录的生理变量（包括心率和血压）取平均值，并在普瑞巴林和安慰剂治疗之间进行比较。单因素方差分析和弗里德曼检验分别用于评估正态分布和非正态分布数据的差异。采用 Tukey 检验进行事后分析。结果中剂量和高剂量普瑞巴林治疗的 MACISO 分别为 1.33 ± 0.21% 和 1.23 ± 0.17%，明显低于普瑞巴林治疗的 MACISO。这明显低于安慰剂治疗后的 MACISO（分别为 1.62 ± 0.13%; p = 0.014, p < 0.001），降幅分别为 18 ± 9% 和 24 ± 6%。平均血浆普瑞巴林浓度与 MACISO 值呈负相关。结论和临床意义在确定 MACISO 之前 2 小时口服剂量为 5 或 10 mg kg-1 的普瑞巴林对猫有显著的异氟醚保护作用。

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引用次数: 0

Iatrogenic endobronchial foreign body in a cat during intubation 猫在插管过程中出现气管内异物

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.004

Patricia Romero , Pedro J. Guzmán Ramos , Vilhelmiina Huuskonen

引用次数: 0

A randomized clinical trial comparing the efficacy of lidocaine administered intravenously, intranasally or as infraorbital nerve block in dogs undergoing rostral rhinosocopy 一项随机临床试验，比较了利多卡因静脉注射、鼻内注射或眶下神经阻滞剂对接受喙突鼻切除术的狗的疗效。

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.005

Maria Isabel Gomez-Martinez , Jodie Hughes , Briony Alderson , Julia Deutsch

Objective

To compare the efficacy of lidocaine administered intravenously, intranasally or as an infraorbital nerve block in dogs undergoing rostral rhinoscopy.

Study design

Randomized clinical trial.

Animals

A total of 43 client-owned dogs.

Methods

After premedication with medetomidine 0.01 mg kg^–1 and methadone 0.2 mg kg^–1 intramuscularly, anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Dogs were randomly allocated to receive 2 mg kg^–1 of 2% lidocaine as a bilateral infraorbital nerve block (INB) via the caudal intraoral approach, via bilateral topical intranasal administration (TIA) or as an intravenous bolus (IVB). At 5 minutes following lidocaine administration, responses to rhinoscopy (RR) and biopsies (RB) were evaluated using a simple scoring system (0: no reaction; 1: reaction). Response to the rhinoscopy in the recovery period (RE) was recorded. Recovery quality was scored using a simple descriptive score. Heart rate, respiratory rate and noninvasive arterial blood pressure were recorded. Intravenous (IV) fentanyl 0.001 mg kg^-1 was administered if an increase > 20% in any variable occurred. Gross movement was attenuated using propofol 0.5 mg kg^–1 IV. Scores were analysed using the Chi-square test with Monte Carlo method. Cardiorespiratory changes among and overtime between groups were compared using one-way anova and one-way anova for repeated measures, respectively, or the correspondent non-parametric tests; p < 0.05.

Result

Of the 43 dogs, 42 completed the study. No statistically significant differences were detected in either physical reactions or changes in cardiorespiratory variables for RR, RB, RE or recovery quality, although RB tended to be higher in group TIA (7/10 versus 1/10 INB and 3/13 IVB).Various cardiorespiratory variables changed overtime within groups.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

In dogs, all three investigated techniques attenuated responses during rostral rhinoscopy in dogs, although INB and IVB were more efficacious when biopsies were taken.

目的比较利多卡因静脉注射、鼻内注射或眶下神经阻滞剂对接受喙突鼻镜检查的狗的疗效。方法在使用美托咪定 0.01 毫克/千克-1 和美沙酮 0.2 毫克/千克-1 肌肉注射进行预处理后，使用丙泊酚诱导麻醉，并在氧气中使用异氟醚维持麻醉。狗被随机分配接受 2 毫克/千克-1 的 2% 利多卡因，通过口腔内尾部途径、双侧局部鼻内给药（TIA）或静脉注射（IVB）进行双侧眶下神经阻滞（INB）。注射利多卡因 5 分钟后，采用简单的评分系统（0：无反应；1：有反应）评估患者对鼻镜检查（RR）和活检（RB）的反应。对恢复期鼻镜检查的反应（RE）进行记录。恢复质量采用简单的描述性评分。记录心率、呼吸频率和无创动脉血压。如果任何变量增加了 20%，则静脉注射 0.001 毫克/千克的芬太尼。使用异丙酚 0.5 毫克/公斤-1 静脉注射可减轻大运动量。采用蒙特卡洛方法进行卡方检验。组间和组间超时心肺功能变化的比较分别采用重复测量的单因子anova和单因子anova，或相应的非参数检验；P < 0.05。在RR、RB、RE或恢复质量方面，无论是身体反应还是心肺变量的变化都没有发现有统计学意义的差异，但TIA组的RB往往更高（7/10对1/10 INB和3/13 IVB）。

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引用次数: 0

2023 awards for outstanding contributions to veterinary anesthesiology 2023 年兽医麻醉学杰出贡献奖

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.001

Robert Meyer , Larry Soma

引用次数: 0

Influence of fentanyl, medetomidine-fentanyl or acepromazine-fentanyl premedication on oesophageal and rectal temperature in dogs under anaesthesia 芬太尼、美多咪定-芬太尼或乙酰丙嗪-芬太尼预处理对麻醉犬食道和直肠温度的影响

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.003

Petr Raušer, Lukáš Novák, Alena Pompová, Tomáš Fichtel, Michal Radó

Objective

To compare changes in oesophageal (T-Oeso) and rectal (T-Rec) temperature in dogs during general anaesthesia and premedicated with fentanyl, medetomidine–fentanyl or acepromazine–fentanyl.

Study design

Prospective, randomized, blind clinical study.

Animals

A total of 120 healthy dogs, aged 2–10 years and weighing 5–20 kg.

Methods

Dogs were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Animals of F group were premedicated with fentanyl (0.01 mg kg^–1), MF group with medetomidine (0.005 mg kg^–1) and fentanyl (0.01 mg kg^–1) and AF group with acepromazine (0.01 mg kg^–1) and fentanyl (0.01 mg kg^–1). Anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen–air mixture. Fentanyl was administered continuously (0.01 mg kg^–1 hour^–1). The T-Oeso, T-Rec and ambient temperatures were recorded after induction (T0) and subsequently at 10 minute intervals for 60 minutes (T10–T60). Data were analysed using anova or their non-parametric equivalents (p < 0.05).

Results

Median T-Oeso was significantly higher in MF group between T0–T20 compared with other groups. Median T-Oeso significantly decreased in F group from 38.0 °C (T0) to 37.4 °C (T30), 37.1 °C (T40), 36.9 °C (T50) and 36.6 °C (T60), in MF group from 38.3 °C (T0) to 37.7 °C (T30), 37.5 °C (T40), 37.2 °C (T50) and 37.1 °C (T60) and in AF group from 37.7 °C (T0) to 37.3 °C (T40), 37.2 °C (T50) and 37.1 °C (T60). The T-Rec significantly decreased in F group from 38.0 °C (T0) to 37.4 °C (T40), 37.2 °C (T50) and 36.9 °C (T60), in MF group from 38.3 °C (T0) to 37.5 °C (T50) and 37.4 °C (T60) and in AF group from 38.2 °C (T0) to 37.6 °C (T40), 37.5 °C (T50) and 37.4 °C (T60).

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Premedication with fentanyl, medetomidine–fentanyl or acepromazine–fentanyl in the doses used decreased the T-Oeso and T-Rec. The T-Oeso at the beginning of anaesthesia was higher after premedication with medetomidine–fentanyl. However, this difference was not clinically significant.

目的比较犬在全身麻醉和使用芬太尼、美托咪定-芬太尼或乙酰丙嗪-芬太尼预处理时食道温度（T-Oeso）和直肠温度（T-Rec）的变化：研究设计：前瞻性、随机、盲法临床研究：共 120 只健康犬，年龄 2-10 岁，体重 5-20 公斤：方法：将狗随机分配到三组中的一组。F 组动物使用芬太尼（0.01 毫克/公斤-1）进行预麻醉，MF 组使用美托咪定（0.005 毫克/公斤-1）和芬太尼（0.01 毫克/公斤-1），AF 组使用醋丙嗪（0.01 毫克/公斤-1）和芬太尼（0.01 毫克/公斤-1）。丙泊酚诱导麻醉，异氟醚在氧气-空气混合气体中维持麻醉。芬太尼持续给药（0.01 毫克/公斤-小时-1）。诱导后记录 T-Oeso、T-Rec 和环境温度（T0），随后每隔 10 分钟记录一次，持续 60 分钟（T10-T60）。使用 anova 或非参数等效方法对数据进行分析（P < 0.05）：与其他组相比，中位 T-Oeso 在 T0-T20 期间在中频组明显升高。中位 T-Oeso 在 F 组从 38.0 °C（T0）明显降低至 37.4 °C（T30）、37.1 °C（T40）、36.9 °C（T50）和 36.6 °C（T60），在 MF 组从 38.3 °C（T0）降至 37.7 °C（T30）、37.5 °C（T40）、37.2 °C（T50）和 37.1 °C（T60），房颤组从 37.7 °C（T0）降至 37.3 °C（T40）、37.2 °C（T50）和 37.1 °C（T60）。F组的T-Rec从38.0 °C（T0）明显降低至37.4 °C（T40）、37.2 °C（T50）和36.9 °C（T60），MF组从38.3 °C（T0）明显降低至37.5 °C（T50）和37.4 °C（T60），AF组从38.2 °C（T0）明显降低至37.6 °C（T40）、37.5 °C（T50）和37.4 °C（T60）：使用芬太尼、美托咪定-芬太尼或乙酰丙嗪-芬太尼的预处理剂量降低了T-Oeso和T-Rec。使用美托咪定-芬太尼预处理后，麻醉开始时的 T-Oeso 值更高。不过，这种差异并无临床意义。

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引用次数: 0

Quantitative analysis of ultrasound-guided sciatic nerve staining: ImageJ software application 超声引导坐骨神经染色的定量分析：ImageJ 软件应用

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.04.002

Douglas Castro, Latchmi Houma-Kaltoumi Baba, Madeline Butterfield, Larissa Castro

引用次数: 0

Physiological variables for the objective detection of nerve block failure in dogs 客观检测犬神经阻滞失败的生理变量

IF 1.7 2区农林科学 Q1 Veterinary

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2024-04-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.03.010

Etienne P. Basson , Abdur R. Kadwa , Christiaan J. Blignaut , Gareth E. Zeiler

Objective

To identify physiological variables for objectively detecting nociception indicative of intraoperative peripheral nerve block failure.

Study design

A double-blinded randomized clinical study.

Animals

A sample of 14 male (40.8 ± 12 kg; mean ± standard deviation) and 16 female (34.3 ± 11.4 kg) client-owned dogs.

Methods

Dogs were randomly assigned to one of three groups for psoas compartment and proximal sciatic nerve blocks (0.2 mL kg^–1 per site): guided bupivacaine (GBB), or saline (GSB) block or a blind bupivacaine block (BBB). Guided blocks were performed using an ultrasound-peripheral nerve locator combination. Premedication consisted of medetomidine 0.01 mg kg^–1 and morphine 0.3 mg kg^–1. General anaesthesia was induced with propofol and maintained with isoflurane in oxygen. Receiver operator characteristic curve analysis was used to compare actual values and change in values of physiological variables between GSB and GBB. The Youden index and associated criterion for each physiological variable were used to determine an objective measure for nociception. Fisher’s exact t test, McNemar’s test and Cohen’s kappa statistical analysis were used to determine association, differences and inter-score reliability between the objective and subjective scoring for BBB.

Results

Cardiovascular variables had good discriminating ability to identify a nociceptive response (p < 0.01). The Youden indices for mean (MAP) and diastolic (DAP) arterial pressure were most reliable in detecting nociception. The highest sensitivity was that of ΔMAP (100%) with good agreement between the subjective and objective scores of Δheart rate or systolic arterial pressure (SAP). The use of ΔMAP, ΔSAP, ΔDAP had the best ability in indicating peripheral nerve block failure (p < 0.001).

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Blood pressure values can detect a response to surgical stimulus in adequately anaesthetized dogs. The use of ΔMAP, ΔSAP or ΔDAP may be considered as objective measures to detect nerve block failure.

研究设计双盲随机临床研究动物抽样调查了 14 只公犬（40.8 ± 12 千克；平均 ± 标准差）和 16 只母犬（34.3 ± 11.4 千克）。方法将狗随机分配到三组中的一组，进行腰大肌室和坐骨神经近端阻滞（每个部位 0.2 mL kg-1）：引导布比卡因 (GBB) 或生理盐水 (GSB) 阻滞或盲布比卡因阻滞 (BBB)。导引阻滞使用超声-周围神经定位器组合进行。术前用药包括美托咪定 0.01 毫克/公斤-1 和吗啡 0.3 毫克/公斤-1。使用异丙酚诱导全身麻醉，并在氧气中使用异氟醚维持麻醉。采用受体运算特性曲线分析来比较 GSB 和 GBB 之间生理变量的实际值和变化值。尤登指数和每个生理变量的相关标准用于确定痛觉的客观测量值。费舍尔精确 t 检验、麦克尼马检验和科恩卡帕统计分析用于确定 BBB 客观评分和主观评分之间的关联、差异和评分间可靠性。平均动脉压（MAP）和舒张压（DAP）的尤登指数在检测痛觉反应方面最为可靠。ΔMAP的灵敏度最高（100%），Δ心率或收缩动脉压（SAP）的主观和客观评分之间具有良好的一致性。使用 ΔMAP、ΔSAP 和 ΔDAP 指示周围神经阻滞失败的能力最强（p < 0.001）。使用 ΔMAP、ΔSAP 或 ΔDAP 可作为检测神经阻滞失败的客观指标。

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引用次数: 0