Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia最新文献

英文中文

A survey study on the availability of anaesthetic breathing systems and their use in dogs weighing 5–10 kg 一项关于麻醉呼吸系统的可用性及其在体重5-10公斤的狗身上使用的调查研究。

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.10.136

Andrew G. Murray, Kerry Woodhouse, Pamela J. Murison

Objective

To investigate which breathing systems are available and why they are selected in dogs weighing 5–10 kg.

Study design

Anonymous online voluntary open survey.

Methods

An online survey, designed following CHERRIES guidelines, was advertised through the American College of Veterinary Anesthesiologists - List, Association of Veterinary Anaesthesia and European College of Veterinary Anaesthesia and Analgesia (February–March 2022). A convenience sample was taken.

Results

Of the 256 responses received, 138 were completed. This included (n responses received) veterinarians (107) and veterinary nurses or technicians (29) actively involved in the anaesthesia of dogs.

The most prevalent breathing systems available to respondents were circle (99%), coaxial Bain (79%) and modified Ayre’s T-piece (with adjustable pressure limiting valve) (72%). When recommending a dog weight range suitable for the use with these systems, respondents advised a median (interquartile range) from 5 (3–10) to 100 (100–100), 3 (0–8) to 20 (10–33) and 0 (0–0) to 10 (7–10) kg, respectively. Respondents agreed or strongly agreed that important factors in selecting a breathing system were the fresh gas flow requirement (92%), dog weight (91%), resistance (83%) and environmental pollution (79%). In clinical scenarios based on 5–10 kg dogs, the circle system was chosen by 58% for a thin and 77% for a keel-chested versus 44% for an obese and 66% for a barrel-chested dog, respectively.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

The circle system is the most commonly available breathing system. The minimum weight limit used for the circle system is less than that reported by previous surveys. Several factors influence the choice of breathing system other than dog weight.

目的：研究体重5-10公斤的狗有哪些呼吸系统可用，以及为什么选择它们。研究设计：匿名在线自愿公开调查。方法：根据樱桃指南设计的在线调查，通过美国兽医麻醉师学院-名单，兽医麻醉协会和欧洲兽医麻醉与镇痛学院（2022年2月至3月）进行广告宣传。取了方便样本。结果：收到的256份回复中，完成了138份。这包括（收到的n份回复）兽医（107）和兽医护士或技术人员（29）积极参与狗的麻醉。受访者最常用的呼吸系统是圆形呼吸系统（99%）、同轴贝恩呼吸系统（79%）和改良Ayre's t型呼吸系统（带可调限压阀）（72%）。在推荐适合使用这些系统的狗体重范围时，受访者建议的中位数（四分位数范围）分别为5（3-10）至100(100-100),3（0-8）至20（10-33）和0（0-0）至10（7-10）公斤。受访者同意或强烈同意选择呼吸系统的重要因素是新鲜气体流量要求（92%），狗体重（91%），阻力（83%）和环境污染（79%）。在基于5-10公斤狗的临床场景中，58%的瘦狗和77%的龙骨胸狗选择了圆形系统，44%的肥胖狗和66%的桶胸狗分别选择了圆形系统。结论及临床意义：循环呼吸系统是最常用的呼吸系统。圆形系统使用的最小重量限制比以前调查报告的要小。除了狗的体重，还有几个因素会影响呼吸系统的选择。

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引用次数: 0

The effects of dexmedetomidine on perioperative serum cytokines in dogs

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.11.018

S. Gonzalez, R. McMurphy, E. Schirtzinger

引用次数: 0

A surgical approach to the transversus abdominis plane (TAP) in cats: a cadaver study

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.11.026

M. Mangini , J. James , S. Kim , D. Wilson

引用次数: 0

Cardiorespiratory effects of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid during isoflurane anaesthesia in pigs 异氟醚麻醉期间γ -羟基丁酸对猪心肺功能的影响。

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.10.135

Charlotte Cuypers , Mathias Devreese , Katleen Van Uytfanghe , Christophe Stove , Glenn Van Steenkiste , Stijn Schauvliege

Objective

To investigate the haemodynamic effects of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid (GHB) in isoflurane-anaesthetized pigs.

Study design

Experimental, randomized, nonblinded, crossover study.

Animals

A group of six stress-resistant Landrace pigs (approximately 3 months old; three male, three female; bodyweight 39.2 ± 4 kg, mean ± standard deviation).

Methods

After premedication (midazolam 0.5 mg kg^–1 and ketamine 10 mg kg^–1 intramuscularly) and induction [propofol 0.25–0.5 mg kg^–1 intravenously (IV)], anaesthesia was maintained with isoflurane in oxygen, and either GHB 250 mg kg^–1 IV or an equal volume of saline was administered (minimum washout period 1 week). Systolic (SAP), diastolic (DAP) and mean (MAP) arterial pressures, heart rate and rhythm and respiratory rate were recorded every 5 minutes for 2 hours. Arterial samples were collected for blood gas and pharmacokinetic analyses. Relative changes from baseline were calculated and compared between treatments using a mixed model with time, period and treatment as variables (α < 0.05).

Results

Changes from baseline differed significantly between treatments (p < 0.001) for SAP (GHB –1.6 ± 10.7; saline –5.9 ± 14.8 mmHg), DAP (GHB +2.9 ± 9.6; saline –6.5 ± 10.7 mmHg) and MAP (GHB +2.2 ± 10.5; saline –5.7 ± 9.6 mmHg). Statistical analysis of secondary outcomes suggested effects on PaO₂ [GHB –45.2 ± 29.8 mmHg (–6.03 ± 3.97 kPa); saline +24.5 ± 32.4 mmHg (+3.27 ± 4.32 kPa); p < 0.001] and PaCO₂ [GHB –2 ± 10 mmHg (–0.27 ± 1.33 kPa); saline –9 ± 8 mmHg (–1.20 ± 1.07 kPa); p < 0.001]. Mean maximum blood concentration of GHB was 1171.1 ± 229.3 μg mL^–1, with volume of distribution 335.3 ± 68.5 mL kg^–1, clearance 77.2 ± 19.12 mL kg^–1 hour^–1 and elimination half-life 3.10 ± 0.80 hours.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

GHB did not cause severe physiological side effects and may reduce cardiovascular depression.

目的：研究γ -羟基丁酸（GHB）对异氟醚麻醉猪血流动力学的影响。研究设计：实验、随机、非盲、交叉研究。动物：一组6头抗压力长白猪(约3个月大；三男三女；体重（39.2±4 kg，平均值±标准差）。方法：在给药前（咪达唑仑0.5 mg kg-1，氯胺酮10 mg kg-1肌注）和诱导后（异丙酚0.25 ~ 0.5 mg kg-1静脉注射（IV）），异氟醚氧维持麻醉，并给予GHB 250 mg kg-1静脉注射或等量生理盐水（最短洗脱期1周）。每5分钟记录一次收缩压（SAP）、舒张压（DAP）和平均动脉压（MAP）、心率、节律和呼吸频率，持续2小时。采集动脉标本进行血气和药代动力学分析。采用以时间、周期和治疗为变量的混合模型计算与基线的相对变化（α < 0.05）。结果：SAP治疗组与基线相比差异显著（p < 0.001） (GHB -1.6±10.7；生理盐水-5.9±14.8 mmHg), DAP (GHB +2.9±9.6；生理盐水-6.5±10.7 mmHg)和MAP (GHB +2.2±10.5；生理盐水-5.7±9.6 mmHg)。统计分析显示次要结局对PaO2 [GHB]有影响-45.2±29.8 mmHg(-6.03±3.97 kPa)；生理盐水+24.5±32.4 mmHg(+3.27±4.32 kPa)；p < 0.001]和PaCO2 [GHB -2±10 mmHg(-0.27±1.33 kPa)；生理盐水-9±8 mmHg(-1.20±1.07 kPa)；P < 0.001]。GHB平均最高血药浓度为1171.1±229.3 μg mL-1，分布容积为335.3±68.5 mL kg-1，清除率为77.2±19.12 mL kg-1小时-1，消除半衰期为3.10±0.80小时。结论及临床意义：GHB无严重的生理副作用，可减轻心血管抑郁。

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引用次数: 0

A comparative study of detomidine delivery via intranasal or intramuscular routes in calves undergoing disbudding 犊牛脱芽时经鼻内或肌内给药的比较研究。

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.10.134

Harun Cinar, Latif Emrah Yanmaz, Mehmet Nur Cetin, Dogukan Polat, Aybike Ozbeyli

Objective

To compare the sedative and physiological effects of intranasal (IN) and intramuscular (IM) delivery of detomidine in calves.

Study design

Prospective, randomized experimental study.

Animals

A total of 20 healthy calves, aged 15.6 ± 4.2 days old, with body masses ranging from 40 to 60 kg.

Methods

Calves were randomly assigned to be administered detomidine (0.03 mg kg^–1) by either IN or IM route. The onset of sedation, duration of sedation and sedation score (SS) were recorded. Heart rate (HR), peripheral arterial hemoglobin oxygen saturation (SpO₂), noninvasive systolic and diastolic arterial pressures (SAP and DAP, respectively), respiratory rate (f_R) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured immediately before drug delivery (baseline), at 10 (T₁₀), 15 (T₁₅), 20 (T₂₀) and 30 (T₃₀) minutes after drug delivery. Calves underwent disbudding at T₂₅. Comparisons between groups for physiological variables were performed with an independent t-test. Duration of sedation and SS were assessed with a Mann–Whitney test.

Results

Onset of sedation was 6.8 ± 2.3 (mean ± standard deviation) and 14.1 ± 6.6 minutes in groups IM and IN, respectively (p = 0.005). Duration of sedation was 32.5 (26–65) [median (range)] and 33 (26–52) minutes in groups IM and IN, respectively (p = 0.622). SS was significantly higher in the IM group than the IN group at T₁₅ (p = 0.015) and T₂₀ (p = 0.039). HR was significantly higher with IN than with IM at T₂₀ (p = 0.022). RT was significantly lower in IN than in IM at T₃₀ (p = 0.020). f_R, SpO₂, SAP and DAP did not differ significantly between groups.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

The IN delivery of detomidine resulted in a slower onset of sedation compared with IM injection, although the duration of sedation did not differ between the two treatments.

目的：比较小牛经鼻（IN）和肌（IM）注射托咪定的镇静和生理作用。研究设计：前瞻性、随机实验研究。动物：健康犊牛20头，年龄15.6±4.2日龄，体重40 ~ 60 kg。方法：将犊牛随机分为两组，分别以IN或IM方式给予托咪定（0.03 mg kg-1）。记录镇静起效、镇静持续时间及镇静评分（SS）。在给药前（基线）、给药后10分钟（T10）、15分钟（T15）、20分钟（T20）和30分钟（T30）分别测量心率（HR）、外周动脉血红蛋白氧饱和度（SpO2）、无创收缩压和舒张压（SAP和DAP）、呼吸频率（fR）和直肠温度（RT）。小牛在T25时脱芽。生理变量组间比较采用独立t检验。采用Mann-Whitney试验评估镇静时间和SS。结果：IM组和in组镇静起效时间分别为6.8±2.3分钟（平均±标准差）和14.1±6.6分钟（p = 0.005）。IM组和in组镇静时间分别为32.5(26-65)[中位（范围）]和33 (26-52)min （p = 0.622）。在T15 （p = 0.015）和T20 （p = 0.039）时，IM组的SS显著高于in组。T20时IN组的HR显著高于IM组（p = 0.022）。T30时in组RT明显低于IM组（p = 0.020）。fR、SpO2、SAP、DAP组间差异无统计学意义。结论和临床意义：与IM注射相比，IN递送德托咪定导致镇静发作较慢，尽管镇静持续时间在两种治疗之间没有差异。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of buprenorphine delivered by target-controlled infusion on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane in cats 靶控输注丁丙诺啡对猫肺泡异氟醚最低浓度的影响。

IF 1.4 2区农林科学 Q2 VETERINARY SCIENCES

Veterinary anaesthesia and analgesia

Pub Date : 2025-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaa.2024.10.144

Bruno H. Pypendop, Linda S. Barter

Objective

To characterize the effect of buprenorphine on the minimum alveolar concentration of isoflurane (MACiso) in cats.

Study design

Randomized, crossover, experimental study.

Animals

A group of six healthy male neutered cats, aged 2–8 years with body mass 5.0 ± 0.3 kg.

Methods

The MACiso had been determined in each cat in a previous study. Cats were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen. Catheters were placed in a medial saphenous vein for drug and fluid administration and in a jugular vein for blood sampling. Buprenorphine was administered intravenously using a target-controlled infusion system to reach and maintain plasma concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32 and 64 ng mL^–1, and MACiso was determined in duplicate at each concentration using the tail clamp technique. Four target plasma buprenorphine concentrations were administered on each study day, with at least 2 weeks between experiments. Blood was sampled after the second MAC determination at each target for determination of plasma buprenorphine concentration.

Results

A significant effect of buprenorphine on MAC was found; however, pairwise comparisons to MACiso without buprenorphine did not reach statistical significance. Maximum reduction in MACiso in individual cats ranged from 2% to 34% at plasma buprenorphine concentrations ranging from 0.25 to 8.15 ng mL^–1.

Conclusions and clinical relevance

Although buprenorphine significantly affected MACiso in cats, the magnitude of the effect and the plasma concentration at which the largest effect occurred was highly variable among cats, limiting the clinical usefulness of buprenorphine as an agent to reduce MAC in cats.

目的：探讨丁丙诺啡对猫肺泡异氟醚最低浓度的影响。研究设计：随机、交叉、实验研究。动物：6只健康雄性绝育猫，年龄2-8岁，体重5.0±0.3 kg。方法：在先前的研究中测定了每只猫的MACiso。猫用异氟烷氧麻醉。导管放置在内侧隐静脉用于给药和给液，导管放置在颈静脉用于采血。采用靶控输注系统静脉给药丁丙诺啡，以达到并维持0.5、1、2、4、8、16、32和64 ng mL-1的血浆浓度，并使用尾钳技术测定每种浓度下的MACiso。在每个研究日给予4个血浆丁丙诺啡目标浓度，实验之间至少间隔2周。在每个靶点进行第二次MAC测定后采血，测定血浆丁丙诺啡浓度。结果：丁丙诺啡对MAC有显著影响；但与不使用丁丙诺啡的MACiso两两比较无统计学意义。在血浆丁丙诺啡浓度为0.25至8.15 ng mL-1时，单个猫的MACiso最大降低幅度为2%至34%。结论及临床意义：虽然丁丙诺啡对猫的MACiso有显著影响，但猫的影响程度和最大影响时的血浆浓度存在很大差异，这限制了丁丙诺啡作为降低猫MAC的药物的临床应用。

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