Wiadomosci lekarskie最新文献

Objective: Aim: We examined possible impact of cinnamon on blood glucose and some biochemical parameters among type 2 diabetic patients treated with cinnamon in Najaf.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes were received cinnamon (boiled branches, soaked branches, boiled powder and soaked powder) twice a day after meals. Fasting and random blood glucose in addition to urine biochemical markers; glucose, ketones, specific gravity, total protein, were measured.

Results: Results: Our study support previous ones regarding the beneficial effect of cinnamon in lowering blood glucose levels in diabetic patients. However, there are several points that our study highlighted them. Firstly, it more effective in lowering fasting more than random blood glucose. Secondly, soaked parts are more effective than boiled parts. In addition, the only urine biochemical parameters that were affected by cinnamon (reduced urine concentration) were urine glucose and urine ketones with no effect on urine pH, specific gravity or total proteins. Further studies are required to extend the duration of treatment to a longer period, scheduling concentration series of cinnamon and using double blind study including placebo.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Fasting blood glucose, urine glucose and urine ketones were shown to be reduced by the treatment with cinnamon, with soaking more than boiling and branches more than powder. In conclusion, soaked cinnamon has potentially more effective than boiled on lowering fasting blood level.

Objective: Aim: This study examines the impact of an educational initiative on healthcare providers' proficiency and attitudes toward genetic testing.

Patients and methods: Materials andMethods: A quasi-experimental design with a single group pre/posttest was employed. Convenience sampling was used to recruit 227 participants. Four valid and reliable tools were used to assess demographic characteristics, knowledge, attitudes, and challenges related to pharmacogenetic testing.

Results: Results: Among the 227 participants, 36% were nurses, 17.7% were physicians, 17.7% were psychologists, 14.8% were pharmacists, and 5.4% were social workers. Most participants had 1--5 years of experience and lacked prior education or workshop attendance related to genetic testing. Most agreed that genetic testing is unused in psychiatric diagnosis but acknowledged its crucial role in guiding medication selection, dosage, and personalized treatment. After the educational program, significant improvements in participants' knowledge and attitudes toward genetic testing were observed.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The educational program effectively enhanced healthcare providers' knowledge and attitudes regarding integrating genetic testing into psychiatric practice. Substantial improvements between pre- and posttest scores indicate increased proficiency in addressing challenges related to genetic testing. The findings reveal a significant knowledge gap, as many participants lacked prior education on genetic testing during their undergraduate studies. This underscores the need for ongoing training and support. Encouraging collaboration between genetic specialists and psychiatric practitioners and ensuring adequate resources are essential for successfully implementing genetic testing in routine psychiatric care.

Objective: Aim: To study apoptotic processes and their role in the formation of premature dopaminergic neurodegeneration, to identify key biomarkers for early diagnosis and implementation of complex measures towards braking the progression of PD in the early stages, to develop possible treatment regimens with a specific neuroprotective effect on the dopaminergic system.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The experiment involved 90 Wistar rats (6 months old, 220-290 g). Parkinsonism was induced by the neurotoxin MPTP (N-methyl4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine). Intact animals received saline (1 ml/100 g, i.p.); the control group received MPTP followed by saline. Rats were divided into nine groups: I - intact; II - PD control; III - PD + Amantadine (AM); IV - PD + AM + Cerebrocurin; V - PD + AM + Pramistar; VI - PD + AM + Gliatilin; VII - PD + AM + Noophen; VIII - PD + AM + Pronoran; IX - PD + AM + Melatonin.

Results: Results: The data obtained indicate that neuroprotective therapy of PD with drugs such as melatonin, cerebrocurin, pronoran, and gliatilin in combination with amantadine leads to an increase in the expression of the HIF-1α, HIF-3α, and HSP70 genes, and can also serve as a molecular marker for the activation of endogenous neuroprotection mechanisms under experimental PD conditions.

Conclusion: Conclusions: We have experimentally demonstrated a new target of neuroprotection in PD conditions - apoptosis of dopamine-producing neurons and substantiated modulators of this process - drugs for combined therapy with amantadine (melatonin, cerebrocurin, pronoran, and gliatilin) as promising drugs for PD treatment.

Objective: Aim: To study the dynamics of students' morphofunctional status indicators during their high-intensity interval training (HIIT).

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The research involved 132 male students divided into three groups: students in Group No. 1 (n = 27) did HIIT; Group No. 2 (n = 69) - various sports (sports games, martial arts, strength sports, athletics, swimming, cycling); Group No. 3 (n = 36) - general physical training. The morphofunctional status was assessed using indicators of height, body weight, lung vital capacity, hand dynamometry, heart rate, and blood pressure. The generalized indicator of students' morphofunctional status was assessed using the methodology developed by Ye. A. Pyrohova.

Results: Results: It has been proven that HIIT effectively improves students' morphofunctional status during their studies. Most of the morphological and functional indicators of students who practiced HIIT were significantly (p ≤ 0.05-0.001) better in the 3rd and 4th instructional years than those of students who practiced general physical training. The most significant effect of HIIT was an improvement in indicators of body weight and in the functioning of students' cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Compared to Group No. 2, the indicators of Group No. 1 do not have significant differences (p > 0.05).

Conclusion: Conclusions: The results obtained allow us to assert the effectiveness of HIIT, as well as any kind of sport, during their studies at higher educational institutions under martial law, to increase students' motor activity, improve their morphofunctional status, physical and mental performance, strengthen their somatic and mental health, and promote harmonious personal development.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the impact of specialized training (hand-to-hand combat training) on the development of motor and volitional qualities indicators in cadets during their studies at higher educational institutions with a specific learning environment.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: The research, conducted in the 2024-2025 year, involved 298 male cadets, who were divided into three groups: HHC Group (n = 47), whose cadets were involved in hand-to-hand combat; SC Group (n = 82), whose cadets trained in other sports clubs (games, strength, athletics); C Group (n = 169), whose cadets did not engage in additional sports activities. Research methods: analysis and generalization of literary sources, testing, psychodiagnostic methods, and statistical methods.

Results: Results: It has been found that, according to most of the tests and methods used, the cadets of the HHC Group showed significantly better results in terms of motor and volitional qualities in their senior training years than those in the C Group. At the same time, no significant difference was found between the indicators of cadets in the HHC and SC groups, which indicates the effectiveness of additional sports activities in developing cadets' motor and volitional qualities.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The comprehensive impact of hand-to-hand combat training on indicators of motor and volitional qualities in future law enforcement officers has been demonstrated. This emphasizes the advisability of a wider introduction of hand-to-hand combat techniques into the specialized training of future law enforcement officers during their studies, to improve their professional training and increase the effectiveness of their future service activities.

To compare in-office (chairside) and at-home (dentist-supervised) vital tooth bleaching techniques in terms of efficacy, longevity, safety, sensitivity, and patient-reported outcomes. A narrative review of the literature was conducted using PubMed, Scopus, and Cochrane Library, including randomized trials, systematic reviews, and meta-analyses published between 2000 and 2025. Studies directly comparing in-office and at-home bleaching with peroxide-based agents were selected. Outcomes of interest included immediate color change, relapse over time, incidence and intensity of tooth sensitivity, and adverse effects on enamel or pulp. Emphasis was placed on high-quality evidence from the last five years. Both techniques achieved significant, perceptible whitening. Numerous meta-analyses showed no clinically meaningful difference in bleaching efficacy when treatment protocols were followed. At-home bleaching (10-16% carbamide peroxide) and in-office bleaching (25-40% hydrogen peroxide) produced comparable ΔE and shade guide improvements. Some studies suggested slightly greater long-term color stability with at-home bleaching, likely due to longer contact time and ease of touch-ups. Sensitivity occurred frequently with both methods (incidence 37-90% at-home, 17-100% in-office), but was typically more intense in-office and milder but more recurrent with at-home use. No irreversible pulp or enamel damage was reported. Light activation did not enhance whitening outcomes or reduce sensitivity. Both methods were well accepted by patients. In-office and at-home bleaching are equally effective and safe. In-office offers faster results but a higher risk of acute sensitivity; at-home provides gradual whitening with lower intensity side effects and better long-term maintainability. Choice of technique should be individualized based on sensitivity profile, desired speed, compliance potential, and lifestyle.

Degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM) is adults' most common form of spinal cord injury Its clinical symptoms result from spinal cord compression due to acute and chronic spinal column processes. However, DCM's exact pathophysiology is uncertain. Due to difficulty in diagnosis, many patients suffering from DCM remains undiagnosed until the symptoms become debilitating. The subject of this study is a 42-year-old male with no previous medical history. Neurological symptoms suddenly appeared three months prior to the hospital admission. An MRI revealed hernias of intervertebral discs between C4-C5, C5-C6, and C6-C7 and myelopathy in the most compressed parts of the spinal cord (C4-C5-C6 level). Cervical spondylodesis from anterior access, C3-C6 laminectomy, and spinal decompression were performed. The patient's postoperative symptoms worsened suddenly with the presence of tetraparesis. After prolonged rehabilitation, satisfactory motor function was regained. No possible cause for the development of myelopathy was apparent, although the patient recalled experiencing an injury 20 years earlier. Despite cervical injuries being challenging to diagnose and presenting no clinical symptoms at first, an almost complete recovery after the late onset of symptoms is possible with proper surgical treatment and rehabilitation.

Acupuncture as an alternative method of pain treatment was created in China 3000 years ago. It still has many supporters. For years, it has been used in many countries to relieve labor pains, postoperative pains, pains caused by osteoarthritis, toothaches, and headaches. The World Health Organization (WHO) has significantly expanded the indications for the use of acupuncture. The primary aim of this article is to critically evaluate whether acupuncture is a scientifically validated therapeutic intervention or primarily a placebo effect? Material and methods: The material and methods section of this article involves a comprehensive review of existing literature, including systematic reviews, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and meta-analyses on acupuncture. The review also includes observational data on patient outcomes, potential risks, and reported complications. The effectiveness of acupuncture has been extensively studied, with varying levels of scientific support for different conditions. According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), the strongest evidence supports acupuncture's effectiveness in dental pain, postoperative nausea and vomiting, chemotherapy-induced nausea, and pregnancy-related nausea. Studies on lower back pain, headaches, and knee osteoarthritis have shown moderate benefits, leading some physicians to recommend acupuncture as a complementary therapy. An analysis of studies has shown the effectiveness of acupuncture in the treatment of nausea and headaches. The results also showed the benefits of using this method in relieving back pain. Acupuncture has been shown to be one option for pain relief, but it needs more research.

Heat therapy has gained considerable attention as a noninvasive treatment for low back pain, a condition that affects a significant proportion of the world's population. This review examines the physiological mechanisms behind heat therapy, its efficacy in relieving pain, and its role in improving mobility and quality of life. By improving blood circulation, reducing muscle stiffness, and reducing inflammation, heat therapy offers promise as an alternative or complement to conventional treatments. Various methods, including heat packs and thermal pillows, have been studied for their effects on acute and chronic pain. This review highlights key findings from clinical trials and systematic analyses, demonstrating significant reductions in pain intensity and functional impairment. Despite its benefits, aspects such as patient compliance and safety remain important factors in its clinical use. Future research should focus on optimizing treatment parameters and integrating heat therapy with other rehabilitation strategies to maximize its therapeutic potential. This comprehensive review highlights the need for a broader perspective and further research on the long-term effectiveness of heat-based interventions in the treatment of low back pain.

The aim of this study is to present a case of a patient with spondylodiscitis. Spondylodiscitis is a infection of the spine involving the vertebral body and/or intervertebral disc, often caused by Staphylococcus aureus and Enterobacteriaceae. It most commonly affects the lumbar spine, begins in the vertebral body endplates and can lead to destruction of bone structures and involvement of the intervertebral disc and surrounding tissues. A 53-year-old man developed lumbar spine pain after an infection of unknown origin accompanied by fever and weakness. After two weeks, when the pain worsened and radiated to the left buttock, an MR examination showed features of L3/L4 spondylodiscitis. During hospitalization, a follow-up MR examination revealed destruction of the L3 and L4 vertebral bodies, inflammatory changes within the L3/L4 intervertebral disc, and widening of the intervertebral space. Inflammatory granules in the anterior part of the spinal canal with slight pressure on the meningeal sac were identified. A CT scan confirmed vertebral destruction. Empirical antibiotic therapy (clindamycin, ceftriaxone, vancomycin, rifampicin) was followed by spinal stabilization. After a year, CT scan showed improvement - reduced destruction of the L3/L4 vertebral bodies and no palpable infiltrative lesions. The stabilizing material was removed. Spondylodiscitis is a infection of the spine, often diagnosed late because of nonspecific symptoms such as back pain and fever. The MRI is the gold standard for diagnosis. Diagnosis is based on clinical, laboratory and imaging findings. It requires the cooperation of surgeons, radiologists and microbiologists. Early detection improves prognosis and quality of life.