Wiadomosci lekarskie最新文献

Across the world, the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is increasing, establishing it as one of the most prevalent cancers originating in the oral cavity. Estrogen Receptor alpha (ERα) and Estrogen Receptor beta (ERβ) expression were identified and analyzed in normal oral mucosa as well as in squamous cell carcinoma. On a molecular level, estrogens and progestogens, as steroid hormones, influence various biological processes, including reproduction and behavior, by binding to their intracellular receptors. Hypotheses suggest that oral cavity malignancies could be hormonally induced. Periodontal inflammation, mediated by TREM-1, IL-1β, and reduced salivary antibacterial function during hormonal fluctuations, is important in evaluation of etiology of oral cancers and is correlated to hormonal levels. Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling activates ERα through phosphorylation, increasing its transcriptional activity and promoting cell proliferation. Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) offers both hormonal and non-hormonal treatments, with concerns about overprescription and potential off-label use. In this literature review we aimed to analyze whether there is a link between MHT which consists of estrogen or both estrogen and progesterone and oral cancer risk. A review of the scientific literature covering the years 2018-2025 was carried out, whether estrogens, identified as carcinogens, may be suggested as the potential therapeutic target for OSCC in the future, similar to their well grounded role in the standard management of estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer.

Objective: Aim: To summarize the key factors driving E.coli resistance in Europe, with reference to global data and the One Health context.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted based on 14 peer-reviewed articles and institutional reports addressing resistance mechanisms and the epidemiology of E. coli strains in Europe and globally.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Resistance in E. coli is driven by complex, cross-sectoral dynamics. Effective containment strategies should include rational antibiotic use in primary care, restrictions on veterinary antimicrobial use, improved diagnostics, modernized wastewater infrastructure, and inclusion of travel history in AMR risk assessments. The persistent detection of blaCTX-M and mcr-1 in all reservoirs highlights the need for a unified One Health approach.

Objective: Aim: To identify factors associated with the risk of developing abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A retrospective single-center cohort study of 106 patients with SAP, complicated by ACS (n=32) and without the given complication (n=74). The first stage included an intergroup comparison of 28 clinical-laboratory indicators recorded during the early stages of the disease. The second and third stages consisted of univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses of the variables selected over the first stage, developing a prediction model, and evaluating its characteristics.

Results: Results: Statistically significant difference between the groups was found for the following 14 indicators: BMI, Glasgow Coma Scale score, visceral obesity index, CRP level, radiological signs of paresis, pleural effusion, fluid collections in the retroperitoneal space, daily fluid balance, pain intensity according to the NPRS scale, the total score on the Marshall and BISAP scales, early persistent SIRS, APP and RFG levels (p<0.05). The given factors were identified as independent risk factors for ACS development: daily fluid balance, pain intensity (NPRS), retroperitoneal fluid collections, early persistent SIRS, and elevated WHR. The developed logistic model demonstrated high discriminatory ability: AUC = 0.92, sensitivity - 94%, specificity - 81%.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The developed model can enable patient stratification and targeted correction of potentially modifiable ACS risk factors in the early stages of SAP.

Objective: Aim: To analyse the effectiveness and reliability of ∠K-angle cephalometric index usage in mixed dentition and to assess the correlation between different types of facial skeleton growth patterns.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: 52 high-quality cephalograms were randomly selected from the archives of the Bogomolets National Medical University Dental Medical Centre and divided into three groups according to facial skeleton growth patterns and into subgroups according to Engle's malocclusion classes. Multifactorial analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to identify statistical differences between the mean angular values of studied groups; a p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to assess the correlation between angles.

Results: Results: According to our study results, statistically significant correlation was found among patients in the first group between ANB and K angles and neutral growth type (p=0.005); significant correlation was found between the K and APDI angles and horizontal growth pattern (p=0.002); statistically significant correlation was found between the APDI parameter and both angles with vertical growth (p=0.001). According to the results of multifactorial ANOVA analysis of the mean values of the studied angles, there were no statistically significant differences in the ∠K, ∠ANB, and APDI parameters between all groups at the level of p ≤ 0.05.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The K-angle revealed to be the most valid and reliable indicator of sagittal jaw discrepancy assessment among all cephalometric parameters. ∠K index can be a full-fledged alternative to ANB angle during mixed dentition.

Objective: Aim: The aim of our study is to optimize modern adhesive protocols through experimental investigation.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: During the study, we used the following methods: laboratory, experimental, scanning electron microscopy, morphological studies and analysis of the elemental composition of structures (samples) were carried out using a scanning electron microscope and statistical.

Results: Results: Scanning electron microscopy of ceramic samples after etching showed changes in the surface structure, which consisted in an increase in microspaces, more frequent and deeper relief of irregularities with increasing etching time, acid concentration and activation of the etching gel. On the surface of samples etched for 60 seconds in 9% HF, irregularities of the cellular structure with a size of 5 to 18 μm were detected. The differences between statically and dynamically etched samples are clearly visible.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Thus, our study confirms the safety of using sandblasting to clean ceramics, the importance of dynamic etching at the stage of preparing ceramics for fixation, and the effectiveness of using an alcohol adhesive protocol. The results obtained, based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, can be used by dental professionals to improve the quality of treatment of patients with defects in the hard tissues of the teeth.

Objective: Aim: Identifying of key criteria that influence the process of dispensing medicines by pharmacists by electronic prescriptions, and establish its' relationship with the frequency of problems while paying off prescriptions.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: In our work we used the survey method involving questionnaires. To screen the obtained results, we used the method of intelligent data analysis depending on building the associative rules. The survey subjects were pharmaceutical clerks employed by pharmacies in the Western, Central, Eastern, Northern and Southern regions of Ukraine, who directly sold MPs to the population. Respondents included individuals of different sexes, ages, and professional experience. The questionnaire contained several blocks that were dedicated to the analysis and identification of the main difficulties that arise when dispensing drugs by e-prescriptions and the criteria that influence the choice of a drug for dispensing by trade name when dispensing by e-prescriptions. A total of 2233 specialists were surveyed.

Results: Results: We analyzed the criteria that had influenced a choice of trade name of prescription medicines filled for patients by a pharmacist under e-prescription in the form of an international non-proprietary name.

Conclusion: Conclusions: We have determined the criteria for selecting medicinal products by pharmaceutical clerks while filling e-prescriptions, which can be used in the practical activities of pharmaceutical workers as an integral part of the process of optimizing pharmacy inventories. The most important criteria have been found the amount of co-payment for medicine, the country of manufacture/medicines manufacturer, and the history of medicine administration by the patient. The criteria of the presence or absence of evidence-based data on the efficacy of a particular medicine and the medicine`s belonging to generics or original medicines have been found the least important. The inability of a pharmaceutical clerk/pharmacy worker to select a medicine based on one or more of the above selection criteria is considered one of the reasons for failure to dispense up to 20% of medicinal products under e-prescriptions.

Objective: Aim: To design and synthesize hybridized natural antioxidants by following the pharmacophore of the reference Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) Inhibitors with potential to enhance pharmacokinetic parameters and investigate anti-neoplastic activity as a trial to replace the known HDAC inhibitor that suffers from life-threatening adverse effects and poor pharmacokinetics related to hydroxamate functionality.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: Designing of new natural hybridized molecules, HDAC inhibitor consisting of cap, linker & zinc binding domain. The cap involved (natural antioxidants Thymol, Eugenol, vanillin, and Umbelliferon) linked to the bioactive molecule succinate via an ester, and on the other hand, succinate acts as a zinc zinc-binding group by anion-free carboxylate. Molecular docking analysis, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion (ADME) pharmacokinetic prediction, and analysis of the designated new antioxidants hybrid molecules. In addition, organic synthesis, chemical identification, and biological assessment for their antineoplastic activity.

Results: Results: The results of the molecular docking and SWISS ADME for four designated molecules are potentially as HDAC6 inhibitors with chemical synthesis for four molecules and identified by Fourier-Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (1HNMR), Carbon-13 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C13 NMR), Mass, and some physiochemical properties. Anti-neoplastic activity assay in MDA-MB-231 3-(4,5-di methyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) cell viability assay in breast cancer refers to the designated hybrid molecule-1 as significantly cytotoxic, but molecules-2, molecule-3, and molecule-4 are less significant.

Conclusion: Conclusions: The designated hybrid molecules, especially molecule-1(Thymol-based HDAC inhibitor), exhibit exceptional in silico selectivity for HDAC6, the safety of molecule-1, and superior computational pharmacokinetics parameters, making it a building block of a new generation of HDAC inhibitors. The new hybridized molecules of natural origin showed potential anti-neoplastic activities with improved pharmacokinetic parameters compared to SAHA and Tucidinostat.

Objective: Aim: To systematically evaluate the clinical outcomes of digital dentistry technologies - computer-aided design and manufacturing (CAD/CAM), three-dimensional (3D) printing, and artificial intelligence (AI) - in the rehabilitation of tooth defects, compared to conventional techniques.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library (up to mid-2025) identified clinical studies on CAD/CAM, 3D-printed dental prostheses, and AI in tooth restoration. Studies reporting survival, complications, patient outcomes, and diagnostic accuracy were included. Thirty-two studies (≈1580 patients) met inclusion criteria; 25 were included in quantitative synthesis. The five-year survival of CAD/CAM restorations was ~90%, comparable to conventional crowns. Milled and 3D-printed dentures showed similar satisfaction, with milled types offering better fit and fewer adjustments. Digital workflows shortened production time and reduced costs. AI models detected caries with ~85% sensitivity and ~90% specificity, and AI-based implant planning matched expert accuracy while cutting planning time (≈10 min vs 30 min). No safety issues were reported.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Digital dentistry (CAD/CAM, 3D printing) achieves high-quality, durable restorations (~90% five-year survival) with greater efficiency and lower cost than conventional methods. AI tools show strong potential for accurate, time-saving diagnostics and treatment planning. Overall, digital methods are safe, effective, and suitable for clinical integration. Further long-term studies, especially on AI-driven workflows and 3D-printed materials, are recommended to confirm sustained outcomes and establish evidence-based standards.

Objective: Aim: To investigate the epistemology of chronic pain, the methodology of approaches to its treatment, and to highlight the economic and social aspects related to the issue of chronic pain.

Patients and methods: Materials and Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted using the following databases: Google Scholar, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and SpringerLink. The search included combinations of the following key words: chronic pain, causes of pain, biopsychosocial model of pain, multimodal pain management, economics of chronic pain. The search covered publications from 1994 to 2025. Studies were selected based on the following inclusion criteria: peer-reviewed articles, meta-analyses, systematic reviews. The following were excluded from the search: conference abstracts, editorials, commentaries. The initial search yielded over 90 publications. After checking for relevance, 34 articles were included in the final review.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Pain is dualistic, both in origin and in its mechanisms of implementation. It is simultaneously a physical sensation and an emotional reaction, encompassing cognitive and social components. Convincing evidence has been obtained regarding the presence of functional, structural, and chemical changes in the brain that occur due to continued pain. Chronic pain is a complex biopsychosocial concept. Therefore, the development of a biopsychosocial model of pain is needed, both along the lines of patient-society and patient-medicine, as well as incorporating feedback. Only targeted multimodal medical care, together with a transformation in the sociocultural perceptions of patients with chronic pain, allows improvement in treatment outcomes, economic efficiency, and social adaptation of affected individuals. This requires an appropriate multidisciplinary approach and wide implementation of innovative methods and techniques of medical care for patients with pain syndromes, taking into account the biopsychosocial model of pain.

Objective: Aim: To assess the effects of honey and its derivatives on oral health.

Patients and methods: Materials and methods: PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane databases were searched using relevant keywords and Boolean operators.

Conclusion: Conclusions: Honey is a promising natural alternative for the treatment of various dental diseases due to its antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and wound-healing properties. Scientific studies show that honey has numerous health properties, including antibacterial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, wound-healing and anticancer effects. In the context of dentistry, honey shows potential in the treatment of various oral conditions, such as dental caries, gingivitis, halitosis, radiotherapy-induced mucositis, xerostomia or post-extraction stomatitis. Honey's safety and multifunctional benefits make it a valuable potential addition to dental treatments.