Vision Research最新文献_第9页

Auditory discomfort and visual sensitivity 听觉不适和视觉敏感

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108655

Sarah M. Haigh, Jasmine A. Haggerty, Aimee Delgado

The field of visual discomfort is fast growing, identifying parameters of visual stimuli that evoke discomfort, their effect on the visual system, and their heightened impact in clinical populations. In contrast, there is little work on auditory discomfort. First, we reviewed the current findings in the field of auditory discomfort and report a preliminary study investigating the effects of uncomfortable sounds on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) responses from auditory cortex. Nine participants listened to pure 1 kHz tones that were modulated by a 2 Hz or a 16 Hz sinusoidal wave that made the tone sound as though it wobbled. The oxyhaemoglobin response to the uncomfortable 16 Hz sound was larger and slower compared to the relatively more comfortable 2 Hz sound. This suggests cortical excitability to uncomfortable sounds, similar to the heightened response reported in the visual modality. Second, we assessed the relationship between visual and auditory sensitivity in a large sample (N = 669) of participants who completed the Pattern Glare Test (PGT), the Amsterdam Misophonia Scale, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire, and the Functional Hearing Questionnaire (FHQ). While all measures of auditory sensitivity were significantly correlated with the number of illusions seen in the PGT (.1 > r_s < 0.3), the relationship with misophonia was significantly weaker than other comparisons. This highlights that while those who are visually sensitive are more likely to exhibit increased auditory sensitivity, the measures that focus on pain (PGT, hyperacusis, FHQ) may be dissociable from those that rely on emotive discomfort (misophonia). Together, this suggests similar mechanisms underlying auditory and visual discomfort.

视觉不适领域正在快速发展，识别引起不适的视觉刺激参数，它们对视觉系统的影响，以及它们在临床人群中的高度影响。相比之下，关于听觉不适的研究却很少。首先，我们回顾了目前在听觉不适领域的研究成果，并报道了一项初步研究，探讨了听觉不适声音对听觉皮层近红外光谱（NIRS）反应的影响。九名参与者听的是由2赫兹或16赫兹正弦波调制的纯1千赫的音调，使音调听起来好像在摇晃。与相对舒适的2赫兹声音相比，氧合血红蛋白对不舒服的16赫兹声音的反应更大、更慢。这表明皮层对不舒服的声音具有兴奋性，类似于在视觉模式中报道的增强反应。其次，我们评估了大样本（N = 669）参与者的视觉和听觉敏感性之间的关系，这些参与者完成了模式眩光测试（PGT）、阿姆斯特丹恐音症量表、超听觉问卷和功能性听力问卷（FHQ）。虽然所有的听觉敏感度测量都与PGT中看到的错觉数量显著相关(。1比;rs & lt;0.3)，与恐音症的关系明显弱于其他比较。这突出表明，虽然那些视觉敏感的人更有可能表现出听觉敏感性的增强，但专注于疼痛的测量（PGT、听觉亢进、FHQ）可能与那些依赖于情绪不适的测量（恐音症）是分离的。总之，这表明听觉和视觉不适的潜在机制相似。

{"title":"Auditory discomfort and visual sensitivity","authors":"Sarah M. Haigh, Jasmine A. Haggerty, Aimee Delgado","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108655","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The field of visual discomfort is fast growing, identifying parameters of visual stimuli that evoke discomfort, their effect on the visual system, and their heightened impact in clinical populations. In contrast, there is little work on auditory discomfort. First, we reviewed the current findings in the field of auditory discomfort and report a preliminary study investigating the effects of uncomfortable sounds on near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) responses from auditory cortex. Nine participants listened to pure 1 kHz tones that were modulated by a 2 Hz or a 16 Hz sinusoidal wave that made the tone sound as though it wobbled. The oxyhaemoglobin response to the uncomfortable 16 Hz sound was larger and slower compared to the relatively more comfortable 2 Hz sound. This suggests cortical excitability to uncomfortable sounds, similar to the heightened response reported in the visual modality. Second, we assessed the relationship between visual and auditory sensitivity in a large sample (N = 669) of participants who completed the Pattern Glare Test (PGT), the Amsterdam Misophonia Scale, the Hyperacusis Questionnaire, and the Functional Hearing Questionnaire (FHQ). While all measures of auditory sensitivity were significantly correlated with the number of illusions seen in the PGT (.1 > <em>r<sub>s</sub></em> < 0.3), the relationship with misophonia was significantly weaker than other comparisons. This highlights that while those who are visually sensitive are more likely to exhibit increased auditory sensitivity, the measures that focus on pain (PGT, hyperacusis, FHQ) may be dissociable from those that rely on emotive discomfort (misophonia). Together, this suggests similar mechanisms underlying auditory and visual discomfort.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108655"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144314568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The subtypes of visual hypersensitivity are transdiagnostic across neurodivergence, neurology and mental health 视觉超敏症的亚型在神经分化、神经学和心理健康方面是跨诊断的

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108640

Alice Price, Petroc Sumner, Georgina Powell

Many areas of neurodivergence are associated with heightened sensitivity, discomfort, and aversion to certain visual stimuli (e.g., bright lights, patterns, movement, flicker, complex scenes). This hypersensitivity also associates with mental health and some areas of neurology. However, it remains unclear whether this is a transdiagnostic phenomenon, implying a common underlying mechanism of shared vulnerability, or whether the forms of visual discomfort differ instructively across the wide range of associated conditions and areas of neurodivergence. We compared the four recently clarified subtypes of visual hypersensitivity (Brightness, Pattern, Strobing, Intense Visual Environments) self-reported by 2582 participants across 11 areas of neurodivergence, neurology, and mental health: Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Fibromyalgia, Migraine, PPPD, synaesthesia, Distress, Eating Pathology, and Fear (HiTOP System). Enhanced sensitivity in all four factors was reported for every area. Sensitivity to Intense Visual Environments was especially pronounced across Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, and Dyspraxia, forming a shared pattern. The same pattern was shared with fibromyalgia and PPPD, and to some extent with Eating Pathology and Fear, while migraine and synaesthesia showed a different pattern. Regression analyses controlling for comorbidities showed significant unique prediction by 9 out of 11 neurodivergence/condition labels, the strongest predictors being autism, fibromyalgia, migraine, and PPPD. In conclusion, the four factors of visual hypersensitivity are all transdiagnostic, and the relative emphasis on each factor also forms transdiagnostic patterns that transcend traditional discipline boundaries. This implies there are common underlying vulnerabilities in the development of perceptual systems that can be associated with a wide range of other symptomologies.

神经分化的许多领域与对某些视觉刺激（如强光、图案、运动、闪烁、复杂场景）的高度敏感、不适和厌恶有关。这种过敏还与心理健康和神经学的某些领域有关。然而，目前尚不清楚这是否是一种跨诊断现象，意味着共同脆弱性的共同潜在机制，或者视觉不适的形式是否在广泛的相关条件和神经分化区域之间具有指导意义。我们比较了来自神经分化、神经学和心理健康11个领域的2582名参与者自我报告的四种最近明确的视觉超敏症亚型（亮度、模式、频闪、强烈视觉环境）：自闭症、多动症、阅读障碍、运动障碍、纤维肌痛、偏头痛、PPPD、联觉、痛苦、饮食病理学和恐惧（HiTOP系统）。据报道，在所有四个因素中，每个区域的敏感性都有所提高。对强烈视觉环境的敏感性在自闭症、多动症、阅读障碍和运动障碍中尤为明显，形成了一个共同的模式。纤维肌痛和PPPD也有相同的模式，在一定程度上也有进食病理学和恐惧，而偏头痛和联觉则表现出不同的模式。控制合并症的回归分析显示，11个神经分化/疾病标签中有9个具有显著的独特预测，最强的预测因子是自闭症、纤维肌痛、偏头痛和PPPD。综上所述，视觉超敏症的四个因素都是跨诊断的，对各个因素的相对重视也形成了超越传统学科界限的跨诊断模式。这意味着在知觉系统的发展中存在共同的潜在脆弱性，这些脆弱性可能与广泛的其他症状相关联。

{"title":"The subtypes of visual hypersensitivity are transdiagnostic across neurodivergence, neurology and mental health","authors":"Alice Price, Petroc Sumner, Georgina Powell","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108640","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108640","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Many areas of neurodivergence are associated with heightened sensitivity, discomfort, and aversion to certain visual stimuli (e.g., bright lights, patterns, movement, flicker, complex scenes). This hypersensitivity also associates with mental health and some areas of neurology. However, it remains unclear whether this is a transdiagnostic phenomenon, implying a common underlying mechanism of shared vulnerability, or whether the forms of visual discomfort differ instructively across the wide range of associated conditions and areas of neurodivergence. We compared the four recently clarified subtypes of visual hypersensitivity (Brightness, Pattern, Strobing, Intense Visual Environments) self-reported by 2582 participants across 11 areas of neurodivergence, neurology, and mental health: Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, Dyspraxia, Fibromyalgia, Migraine, PPPD, synaesthesia, Distress, Eating Pathology, and Fear (HiTOP System). Enhanced sensitivity in all four factors was reported for every area. Sensitivity to Intense Visual Environments was especially pronounced across Autism, ADHD, Dyslexia, and Dyspraxia, forming a shared pattern. The same pattern was shared with fibromyalgia and PPPD, and to some extent with Eating Pathology and Fear, while migraine and synaesthesia showed a different pattern. Regression analyses controlling for comorbidities showed significant unique prediction by 9 out of 11 neurodivergence/condition labels, the strongest predictors being autism, fibromyalgia, migraine, and PPPD. In conclusion, the four factors of visual hypersensitivity are all transdiagnostic, and the relative emphasis on each factor also forms transdiagnostic patterns that transcend traditional discipline boundaries. This implies there are common underlying vulnerabilities in the development of perceptual systems that can be associated with a wide range of other symptomologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108640"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144272531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Human trichromacy and refractive development 人类的三色和屈光发育

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108632

Timothy J. Gawne , Zhihui She , Safal Khanal

In the post-natal developing eye, there is an active process of refractive development in which the neural retina uses optical cues to evaluate focus, and adjusts the rate of axial elongation to first achieve, and then actively maintain as the optics continue to mature, sharp focus: the process of emmetropization. Increasingly it looks as if chromatic cues are essential (if not exclusive) for this process.

Nearly all non-primate mammals are dichromats, with short- and relatively long-wavelength sensitive cones. However, most humans are trichromats, with short-, medium-, and long-wavelength sensitive cones—although many humans are dichromats like non-primate mammals (“red-green color blind”). This leads to two related questions: is trichromacy important for human emmetropization, and do experimental results from dichromatic mammals apply to humans?

The issue is far from settled, but the available evidence indicates that emmetropization in humans is likely functionally dichromatic similar to that of other mammals, with the medium- and long-wavelength sensitive cones effectively pooled into a single functional “long” cone. In support of this, human dichromats generally emmetropize as well as human trichromats, and they also become myopic to a roughly similar proportion. Trichromacy does not appear to be of fundamental importance for refractive development in humans. While there is some evidence that dichromats might be slightly less susceptible to becoming myopic than human trichromats, the data are inconclusive. Further studies on this topic may lead to an improved understanding of why emmetropization increasingly fails leading to myopia development in humans.

在出生后发育的眼睛中，存在一个主动的屈光发育过程，在这个过程中，神经视网膜利用光学线索来评估焦点，并调节轴向伸长的速率，以首先实现，然后随着光学的不断成熟而主动保持，尖锐的焦点：正视化过程。在这个过程中，音色线索似乎越来越重要（如果不是唯一的话）。几乎所有的非灵长类动物都是二色视者，具有短波长和相对较长的敏感视锥细胞。然而，大多数人都是三色视者，具有短波、中波和长波敏感锥体——尽管许多人像非灵长类哺乳动物一样是二色视者（“红绿色盲”）。这就引出了两个相关的问题：三色对人类的异色化很重要吗？二色哺乳动物的实验结果是否也适用于人类？这个问题还远没有解决，但现有的证据表明，人类的异色化很可能在功能上与其他哺乳动物相似，中长波长敏感的视锥细胞有效地集中在一个单一的功能“长”视锥细胞中。为了支持这一观点，人类二色视者通常会像人类三色视者一样近视，他们也会以大致相似的比例近视。三色似乎对人类屈光发育并不具有根本的重要性。虽然有一些证据表明，二色视者比三色视者更不容易近视，但这些数据还没有定论。对这一主题的进一步研究可能有助于更好地理解为什么正视化越来越失败导致人类近视的发展。

{"title":"Human trichromacy and refractive development","authors":"Timothy J. Gawne , Zhihui She , Safal Khanal","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108632","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108632","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the post-natal developing eye, there is an active process of refractive development in which the neural retina uses optical cues to evaluate focus, and adjusts the rate of axial elongation to first achieve, and then actively maintain as the optics continue to mature, sharp focus: the process of <em>emmetropization</em>. Increasingly it looks as if chromatic cues are essential (if not exclusive) for this process.</div><div>Nearly all non-primate mammals are dichromats, with short- and relatively long-wavelength sensitive cones. However, most humans are trichromats, with short-, medium-, and long-wavelength sensitive cones—although many humans are dichromats like non-primate mammals (“red-green color blind”). This leads to two related questions: is trichromacy important for human emmetropization, and do experimental results from dichromatic mammals apply to humans?</div><div>The issue is far from settled, but the available evidence indicates that emmetropization in humans is likely functionally dichromatic similar to that of other mammals, with the medium- and long-wavelength sensitive cones effectively pooled into a single functional “long” cone. In support of this, human dichromats generally emmetropize as well as human trichromats, and they also become myopic to a <em>roughly</em> similar proportion. Trichromacy does not appear to be of fundamental importance for refractive development in humans. While there is some evidence that dichromats might be <em>slightly</em> less susceptible to becoming myopic than human trichromats, the data are inconclusive. Further studies on this topic may lead to an improved understanding of why emmetropization increasingly fails leading to myopia development in humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144239854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Electromagnetic stimulation for amblyopia: A systematic review of emerging techniques and their efficacy 电磁刺激治疗弱视：新兴技术及其疗效的系统综述

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108639

Nicholas Householder , Anahit Simonyan , Weston Park , Nyree Khachikyan , Gianluca Lazzi , Darrin J. Lee , Kimberly K. Gokoffski

Amblyopia, long considered untreatable in adults, may be responsive to Electromagnetic Stimulation (EMS) techniques to enhance neural plasticity. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of EMS in treating adult amblyopia. A systematic literature review was conducted across online databases for prospective studies, clinical trials, or case series evaluating the effects of EMS on animal or human models of amblyopia. The primary outcomes of interest were visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, and visual evoked potentials. Of 34 initially identified studies, 20 met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies focused on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), seven on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and three on transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS). tDCS studies demonstrated improvements in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and depth perception in human and animal models. rTMS studies showed positive outcomes in visual acuity and stereoacuity in adult amblyopes. tRNS studies reported improvements in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in adults. Though current studies are limited by small sample sizes and brief follow-up durations, the observed enhancements in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis across multiple studies signify that EMS has the potential to transform amblyopia treatment. These findings open new and exciting avenues for treating amblyopia beyond traditional critical periods.

弱视，长期以来被认为是无法治疗的成人，可能响应电磁刺激（EMS）技术，以提高神经可塑性。本系统综述评价EMS治疗成人弱视的疗效。对在线数据库中前瞻性研究、临床试验或评估EMS对动物或人类弱视模型影响的病例系列进行了系统的文献综述。主要研究结果为视力、对比敏感度、立体视觉和视觉诱发电位。在最初确定的34项研究中，有20项符合纳入标准。10项研究集中于经颅直流刺激（tDCS）， 7项研究集中于重复经颅磁刺激（rTMS）， 3项研究集中于经颅随机噪声刺激（tRNS）。tDCS研究表明，在人类和动物模型中，视觉敏锐度、对比敏感度和深度感知都有改善。rTMS研究显示，成人弱视患者的视觉敏锐度和立体敏锐度均有明显改善。tRNS研究报告了成人视力和对比敏感度的改善。虽然目前的研究受到样本量小和随访时间短的限制，但在多项研究中观察到的视力、对比敏感度和立体视觉的增强表明，EMS有可能改变弱视的治疗。这些发现为治疗超过传统关键时期的弱视开辟了新的和令人兴奋的途径。

{"title":"Electromagnetic stimulation for amblyopia: A systematic review of emerging techniques and their efficacy","authors":"Nicholas Householder , Anahit Simonyan , Weston Park , Nyree Khachikyan , Gianluca Lazzi , Darrin J. Lee , Kimberly K. Gokoffski","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Amblyopia, long considered untreatable in adults, may be responsive to Electromagnetic Stimulation (EMS) techniques to enhance neural plasticity. This systematic review evaluates the efficacy of EMS in treating adult amblyopia. A systematic literature review was conducted across online databases for prospective studies, clinical trials, or case series evaluating the effects of EMS on animal or human models of amblyopia. The primary outcomes of interest were visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, stereopsis, and visual evoked potentials. Of 34 initially identified studies, 20 met the inclusion criteria. Ten studies focused on transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), seven on repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and three on transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS). tDCS studies demonstrated improvements in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and depth perception in human and animal models. rTMS studies showed positive outcomes in visual acuity and stereoacuity in adult amblyopes. tRNS studies reported improvements in visual acuity and contrast sensitivity in adults. Though current studies are limited by small sample sizes and brief follow-up durations, the observed enhancements in visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and stereopsis across multiple studies signify that EMS has the potential to transform amblyopia treatment. These findings open new and exciting avenues for treating amblyopia beyond traditional critical periods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108639"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144231597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Temporal dynamics of perceived motion flow in naturalistic movie sequences 自然主义电影序列中感知运动流的时间动态

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-06-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108629

Yung-Hao Yang , Taiki Fukiage , Zitang Sun , Shin’ya Nishida

To visualize the temporal dynamics of human visual motion perception under conditions close to everyday life, we measured the time course of the perceived motion vector when the observers viewed naturalistic movie clips that featured large direction changes of target objects. The spatiotemporal position of the target’s local motion was probed by a flashing dot that appeared within the range of ± 66.7 ms from the direction change. Observers had to report the perceived local motion using a motion vector matching method. The results show that the deviation of the perceived flow from the physical ground truth increased when the probe was presented near the direction changes. The pattern of errors averaged across multiple trials could be described by a Gaussian temporal smoothing of the local motion vectors, with a window size spanning about 120 ms. The results are consistent with previous reports of the sluggish temporal response of visual motion processing revealed by artificial stimuli and different tasks. However, a detailed examination of the response of each trial of our data indicated that the observers did not report a gradual transition from pre-change to post-change vectors but reported either of the two directions in a bimodal fashion with gradually changing response rates over time. This suggests that even though the motion processing may be sluggish, human observers correctly recognize a sudden direction change as a sudden event, not as a gradual transition.

为了可视化接近日常生活条件下人类视觉运动感知的时间动态，我们测量了观察者在观看具有目标物体大方向变化的自然电影片段时感知运动矢量的时间过程。目标局部运动的时空位置由一个闪烁点探测，该闪烁点出现在距离方向变化±66.7 ms的范围内。观察者必须使用运动向量匹配方法报告感知到的局部运动。结果表明，当探头靠近方向变化点时，感知到的流动与物理地面真实值的偏差增大。多次试验平均误差的模式可以用局部运动向量的高斯时间平滑来描述，窗口大小约为120 ms。这一结果与先前关于人工刺激和不同任务所揭示的视觉运动加工的缓慢时间反应的报道相一致。然而，对我们的数据的每个试验的反应的详细检查表明，观察员没有报告从变化前到变化后向量的逐渐过渡，而是以双峰方式报告两个方向中的任何一个，随着时间的推移反应率逐渐变化。这表明，即使运动处理可能是缓慢的，人类观察者也能正确地将突然的方向变化视为突然事件，而不是渐进的转变。

{"title":"Temporal dynamics of perceived motion flow in naturalistic movie sequences","authors":"Yung-Hao Yang , Taiki Fukiage , Zitang Sun , Shin’ya Nishida","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108629","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108629","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To visualize the temporal dynamics of human visual motion perception under conditions close to everyday life, we measured the time course of the perceived motion vector when the observers viewed naturalistic movie clips that featured large direction changes of target objects. The spatiotemporal position of the target’s local motion was probed by a flashing dot that appeared within the range of ± 66.7 ms from the direction change. Observers had to report the perceived local motion using a motion vector matching method. The results show that the deviation of the perceived flow from the physical ground truth increased when the probe was presented near the direction changes. The pattern of errors averaged across multiple trials could be described by a Gaussian temporal smoothing of the local motion vectors, with a window size spanning about 120 ms. The results are consistent with previous reports of the sluggish temporal response of visual motion processing revealed by artificial stimuli and different tasks. However, a detailed examination of the response of each trial of our data indicated that the observers did not report a gradual transition from pre-change to post-change vectors but reported either of the two directions in a bimodal fashion with gradually changing response rates over time. This suggests that even though the motion processing may be sluggish, human observers correctly recognize a sudden direction change as a sudden event, not as a gradual transition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"234 ","pages":"Article 108629"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144220951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding the subtypes of visual hypersensitivity: Four coherent factors and their measurement with the Cardiff Hypersensitivity Scale (CHYPS) 了解视觉过敏的亚型：四个相关因素及其与卡迪夫过敏量表（CHYPS）的测量

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108610

Alice Price, Petroc Sumner, Georgina Powell

Subjective visual sensitivity or discomfort has been reported in many separate literatures, and includes a wide range of visual triggers (e.g., repeating patterns, bright lights, motion, flicker) across a wide range of neurological, psychiatric, mental health, and developmental conditions and areas of neurodiversity (e.g., migraine, traumatic brain injury, functional neurological disorder, PPPD, PTSD, anxiety, depression, anorexia, OCD, autism, ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, synaesthesia). To unite this research across disciplines and to allow progress in mechanistic understanding, we aimed to provide a definitive answer to whether there are different subtypes (factors) of visual hypersensitivity. In Study 1, we generated questions from a large qualitative dataset (n = 765), existing literatures, questionnaires, and iteratively from participant feedback. We found four theoretically coherent factors replicated across five cohorts (n’s = 349, 517, 349, 417, 797 and 1817). These factors were: brightness (e.g., sunlight), repeating patterns (e.g., stripes), strobing (e.g., flashing, screen motion), and intense visual environments (e.g., supermarkets, traffic). There was also a general factor. Based on this we produced a novel 20-item questionnaire (the Cardiff Hypersensitivity Scale, CHYPS), with good reliability (α > 0.8, ω > 0.8) and convergent validity (correlations with other visual scales r > 0.6). We discuss how these factors can be related to causal theories of hypersensitivity.

主观视觉敏感或不适已在许多独立的文献中报道，包括广泛的视觉触发（例如，重复模式，强光，运动，闪烁），跨越广泛的神经学，精神病学，心理健康，发育条件和神经多样性领域（例如，偏头痛，创伤性脑损伤，功能性神经障碍，PPPD， PTSD，焦虑，抑郁，厌食症，强迫症，自闭症，ADHD，阅读障碍，运动障碍，联觉）。为了将跨学科的研究结合起来，并在机制理解方面取得进展，我们的目标是提供一个明确的答案，以确定是否存在不同的视觉超敏反应亚型（因素）。在研究1中，我们从大型定性数据集（n = 765）、现有文献、问卷和参与者反馈中迭代生成问题。我们发现四个理论上一致的因素在五个队列（n = 349、517、349、417、797和1817）中得到了重复。这些因素是：亮度（例如，阳光），重复模式（例如，条纹），频闪（例如，闪烁，屏幕运动）和强烈的视觉环境（例如，超市，交通）。还有一个普遍的因素。在此基础上，我们制作了一份新颖的20项问卷（卡迪夫超敏反应量表，CHYPS），具有良好的信度(α >；0.8, ω >；0.8)和收敛效度(与其他视觉量表的相关性r >；0.6)。我们将讨论这些因素如何与超敏反应的因果理论相关。

{"title":"Understanding the subtypes of visual hypersensitivity: Four coherent factors and their measurement with the Cardiff Hypersensitivity Scale (CHYPS)","authors":"Alice Price, Petroc Sumner, Georgina Powell","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108610","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108610","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Subjective visual sensitivity or discomfort has been reported in many separate literatures, and includes a wide range of visual triggers (e.g., repeating patterns, bright lights, motion, flicker) across a wide range of neurological, psychiatric, mental health, and developmental conditions and areas of neurodiversity (e.g., migraine, traumatic brain injury, functional neurological disorder, PPPD, PTSD, anxiety, depression, anorexia, OCD, autism, ADHD, dyslexia, dyspraxia, synaesthesia). To unite this research across disciplines and to allow progress in mechanistic understanding, we aimed to provide a definitive answer to whether there are different subtypes (factors) of visual hypersensitivity. In Study 1, we generated questions from a large qualitative dataset (n = 765), existing literatures, questionnaires, and iteratively from participant feedback. We found four theoretically coherent factors replicated across five cohorts (n’s = 349, 517, 349, 417, 797 and 1817). These factors were: brightness (e.g., sunlight), repeating patterns (e.g., stripes), strobing (e.g., flashing, screen motion), and intense visual environments (e.g., supermarkets, traffic). There was also a general factor. Based on this we produced a novel 20-item questionnaire (the Cardiff Hypersensitivity Scale, CHYPS), with good reliability (<strong>α</strong> > 0.8, ω > 0.8) and convergent validity (correlations with other visual scales r > 0.6). We discuss how these factors can be related to causal theories of hypersensitivity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 108610"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144083934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

When children get the gist: The development of rapid scene categorisation 当孩子明白要点时：快速场景分类的发展

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108620

Elizabeth A.G. Watson, Louise Ewing, George L. Malcolm

Research surrounding adult recognition of scene gist is extensive; however, very little is known of its development. Behavioural studies of scene processing tend to broadly support a protracted developmental trajectory, with a quantitative and perhaps also qualitative shift towards more adultlike processing across middle childhood. Here we sought to better understand the very early stages of children’s scene processing by targeting gist perception. Children aged 5–10 years categorised backwards-masked scenes presented at very brief durations. We drew inferences about the processing speed with which each age group extracted category-diagnostic information by varying presentation durations, and the quality of information extracted by varying the level they were prompted to make their judgments (superordinate-level indicative of coarse global information, basic-level indicative of more detailed information). Children across all ages demonstrated a remarkably sophisticated ability to extract scene gist, with 5–6-year-old children performing above chance for scenes presented for as little as 32 ms for both superordinate and basic-level judgements. Categorisation performance also became more efficient with age. Overall, our novel findings indicate that young children possess an impressive ability to process a scene’s gist, which is followed by a protracted development towards expertise across middle childhood.

成人场景主旨识别的研究非常广泛；然而，人们对它的发展知之甚少。场景处理的行为研究倾向于广泛地支持一个长期的发展轨迹，在童年中期，定量和可能也定性地转向更像成年人的处理。在这里，我们试图通过针对主旨知觉来更好地理解儿童场景处理的早期阶段。5-10岁的儿童对持续时间很短的反蒙面场景进行分类。我们通过不同的呈现时间推断出每个年龄组提取类别诊断信息的处理速度，并通过不同的提示他们做出判断的水平推断出提取信息的质量（高级水平表示粗略的全局信息，基本水平表示更详细的信息）。所有年龄段的儿童都表现出了非常复杂的提取场景要点的能力，5 - 6岁的儿童在高级和基本水平判断上的表现都高于机会，时间只有32毫秒。分类能力也随着年龄的增长而提高。总的来说，我们的新发现表明，幼儿具有令人印象深刻的处理场景要点的能力，随后在童年中期长期发展到专业知识。

{"title":"When children get the gist: The development of rapid scene categorisation","authors":"Elizabeth A.G. Watson, Louise Ewing, George L. Malcolm","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108620","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108620","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Research surrounding adult recognition of scene gist is extensive; however, very little is known of its development. Behavioural studies of scene processing tend to broadly support a protracted developmental trajectory, with a quantitative and perhaps also qualitative shift towards more adultlike processing across middle childhood. Here we sought to better understand the very early stages of children’s scene processing by targeting gist perception. Children aged 5–10 years categorised backwards-masked scenes presented at very brief durations. We drew inferences about the <em>processing speed</em> with which each age group extracted category-diagnostic information by varying presentation durations, and the <em>quality of information</em> extracted by varying the level they were prompted to make their judgments (superordinate-level indicative of coarse global information, basic-level indicative of more detailed information). Children across all ages demonstrated a remarkably sophisticated ability to extract scene gist, with 5–6-year-old children performing above chance for scenes presented for as little as 32 ms for both superordinate and basic-level judgements. Categorisation performance also became more efficient with age. Overall, our novel findings indicate that young children possess an impressive ability to process a scene’s gist, which is followed by a protracted development towards expertise across middle childhood.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 108620"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072058","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of repeated stimulus presentations on Oppel-Kundt and Müller-Lyer illusions 重复刺激呈现对Oppel-Kundt和m<s:1> ller- lyer错觉的影响

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108621

Tadas Surkys, Arūnas Bielevičius, Vilius Marma

We present a post-hoc analysis examining whether repeated trials and multiple sessions affect the measured strength of two length illusions, Oppel-Kundt (O-K) and Müller-Lyer (M-L), as well as a non-illusory control stimulus. Data were taken from earlier studies in which participants adjusted a variable segment to match a reference segment. Short sessions featured five trials per figure, whereas extended sessions contained 24 or 26 trials for O-K and M-L. Linear mixed-effects models tested how trial number, session number, initial interval length, and figure subtype influenced illusion magnitude. O-K illusion magnitude tended to decline across sessions in the extended sessions, although individual observers displayed varying trends—some increased, others decreased. M-L illusions did not show the pronounced adaptation reported in previous work. These findings highlight the need to manage repeated presentations: controlling viewing durations, inter-session intervals, and participant strategies can help limit adaptation. Methodologically, mixing different stimuli, randomizing key parameters, and scheduling breaks appear to yield more stable measurements of illusion magnitudes.

我们提出了一项事后分析，检查重复试验和多次会话是否影响两种长度错觉的测量强度，Oppel-Kundt （O-K）和meller - lyer (M-L)，以及非错觉控制刺激。数据取自早期的研究，在这些研究中，参与者调整一个可变部分以匹配一个参考部分。在短时间的实验中，每个图有5次试验，而在长时间的实验中，每个图有24次或26次试验。线性混合效应模型检验了试验次数、会话次数、初始间隔长度和图形亚型对错觉大小的影响。在延长的测试过程中，O-K错觉的强度在不同的测试过程中呈下降趋势，尽管个别观察者表现出不同的趋势——有些人增加了，有些人减少了。在之前的研究中，M-L错觉并没有显示出明显的适应性。这些发现强调了管理重复演示的必要性：控制观看时间、会话间隔和参与者策略可以帮助限制适应。在方法上，混合不同的刺激、随机化关键参数和安排休息似乎可以产生更稳定的错觉大小测量。

{"title":"Effects of repeated stimulus presentations on Oppel-Kundt and Müller-Lyer illusions","authors":"Tadas Surkys, Arūnas Bielevičius, Vilius Marma","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108621","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108621","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a post-hoc analysis examining whether repeated trials and multiple sessions affect the measured strength of two length illusions, Oppel-Kundt (O-K) and Müller-Lyer (M-L), as well as a non-illusory control stimulus. Data were taken from earlier studies in which participants adjusted a variable segment to match a reference segment. Short sessions featured five trials per figure, whereas extended sessions contained 24 or 26 trials for O-K and M-L. Linear mixed-effects models tested how trial number, session number, initial interval length, and figure subtype influenced illusion magnitude. O-K illusion magnitude tended to decline across sessions in the extended sessions, although individual observers displayed varying trends—some increased, others decreased. M-L illusions did not show the pronounced adaptation reported in previous work. These findings highlight the need to manage repeated presentations: controlling viewing durations, inter-session intervals, and participant strategies can help limit adaptation. Methodologically, mixing different stimuli, randomizing key parameters, and scheduling breaks appear to yield more stable measurements of illusion magnitudes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 108621"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144072057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of brief and prolonged blur adaptation on visual search and discrimination 短时和长时间模糊适应对视觉搜索和识别的影响

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108619

Idris Shareef , Nasif Zaman , Michael Webster , Alireza Tavakkoli , Fang Jiang

Adaptation to blurred or sharpened images has a large and rapid effect on perceived image focus and at longer durations has also been reported to impact acuity and blur sensitivity, but the dynamics and functional consequences of the adaptation remain poorly characterized. We tested the effects of blur adaptation on visual performance for two tasks and two adapting durations. Specifically, we measured the effects of brief (12 s) vs. prolonged (2 h) blur adaptation on visual search and discrimination performance. Our results show that adaptation improved search accuracies for novel blur levels after prolonged but not brief adapting duration, while neither duration improved blur discrimination. The improvements in visual search could reflect the role of adaptation in increasing the salience of novel properties in the visual environment.

对模糊或锐化图像的适应对感知图像焦点具有巨大而迅速的影响，并且在更长的持续时间内也有报道影响灵敏度和模糊灵敏度，但适应的动态和功能后果仍然不清楚。我们测试了模糊适应对两个任务和两个适应持续时间的视觉表现的影响。具体来说，我们测量了短暂（12秒）和长时间（2小时）模糊适应对视觉搜索和识别性能的影响。我们的研究结果表明，在较长而不是较短的适应时间后，自适应提高了对新模糊水平的搜索精度，但持续时间都没有提高模糊识别。视觉搜索的改进可能反映了适应在视觉环境中增加新特性显著性的作用。

引用次数: 0

Conducting online visual psychophysics experiments: A replication assessment of two face processing studies 进行在线视觉心理物理学实验：两个面部处理研究的复制评估

IF 1.5 4区心理学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES

Vision Research

Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2025.108617

Caroline Blais , Daniel Fiset , Laurianne Côté, Vicki Ledrou-Paquet, Isabelle Charbonneau

In vision sciences, researchers rigorously control the testing environment and the physical properties of stimuli, making it challenging to conduct visual perception experiments online. However, online research offers key advantages, including access to larger and more diverse participant samples, helping to address the problem of underpowered studies and to enhance the generalizability of results. In face recognition research, increasing diversity is essential, especially considering evidence that cultural and geographical factors influence basic visual face processing. The present study tested a new online platform, Pack & Go from VPixx Technologies, that supports experiments written in MATLAB and Python. Two face recognition experiments based on a data-driven psychophysical method involving real-time stimulus manipulation and relying on functions from the Psychtoolbox were tested. In Experiment 1, the visual information used for face recognition was compared across four conditions that gradually reduced experimental control over the testing environment and stimulus properties. In Experiment 2, the association between face recognition abilities and information utilization was measured online and compared to lab-based results. In both experiments, results obtained in the lab and online were highly similar, demonstrating the potential of online research for vision science.

在视觉科学中，研究人员严格控制测试环境和刺激的物理性质，这使得在线进行视觉感知实验具有挑战性。然而，在线研究提供了关键的优势，包括获得更大、更多样化的参与者样本，有助于解决研究不足的问题，并增强结果的普遍性。在人脸识别研究中，增加多样性是必不可少的，特别是考虑到文化和地理因素影响基本视觉人脸处理的证据。目前的研究测试了一个新的在线平台，Pack &；从VPixx技术，它支持用MATLAB和Python编写的实验。基于数据驱动的心理物理方法，包括实时刺激操作和依赖心理工具箱的功能，测试了两个人脸识别实验。在实验1中，将用于人脸识别的视觉信息在四种条件下进行比较，这些条件逐渐减少了对测试环境和刺激特性的实验控制。在实验2中，在线测量了人脸识别能力和信息利用之间的关系，并与实验室结果进行了比较。在这两个实验中，实验室和在线获得的结果非常相似，这表明在线研究视觉科学的潜力。

{"title":"Conducting online visual psychophysics experiments: A replication assessment of two face processing studies","authors":"Caroline Blais , Daniel Fiset , Laurianne Côté, Vicki Ledrou-Paquet, Isabelle Charbonneau","doi":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108617","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.visres.2025.108617","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In vision sciences, researchers rigorously control the testing environment and the physical properties of stimuli, making it challenging to conduct visual perception experiments online. However, online research offers key advantages, including access to larger and more diverse participant samples, helping to address the problem of underpowered studies and to enhance the generalizability of results. In face recognition research, increasing diversity is essential, especially considering evidence that cultural and geographical factors influence basic visual face processing. The present study tested a new online platform, Pack & Go from VPixx Technologies, that supports experiments written in MATLAB and Python. Two face recognition experiments based on a data-driven psychophysical method involving real-time stimulus manipulation and relying on functions from the Psychtoolbox were tested. In Experiment 1, the visual information used for face recognition was compared across four conditions that gradually reduced experimental control over the testing environment and stimulus properties. In Experiment 2, the association between face recognition abilities and information utilization was measured online and compared to lab-based results. In both experiments, results obtained in the lab and online were highly similar, demonstrating the potential of online research for vision science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23670,"journal":{"name":"Vision Research","volume":"233 ","pages":"Article 108617"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0