Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-112-4-62-76
D. Aleksandrova, M. V. Komarova, A. Egorov, A. L. Andreichev, A. A. Shumakov
{"title":"Strength analysis of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK composites with heat resistant sizing agents","authors":"D. Aleksandrova, M. V. Komarova, A. Egorov, A. L. Andreichev, A. A. Shumakov","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-112-4-62-76","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-112-4-62-76","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"73 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73606448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-10DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-112-4-17-22
V. Gezha, V. A. Mogilnikov, P. V. Melnikov
{"title":"Express method for determining the content of diffusive hydrogen in deposited metal","authors":"V. Gezha, V. A. Mogilnikov, P. V. Melnikov","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-112-4-17-22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-112-4-17-22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75856146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-111-123
M. N. Timofeev, S. N. Galyatkin
The paper presents a study of changes in the structure and mechanical properties of the metal of the welded joints of steel 15Cr2МoVА-А mod. A during post weld heat treatment (PWHT) at the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) manufacturing and also as a result of thermal exposure during its operation. It has been established that in as-welded state, the weld metal has a satisfactory level of plastic characteristics and high values of impact strength, but an excessively high level of strength properties. PWHT at 655°C reduces the strength properties, but does not lead to a significant increase of impact strength level. The final properties are formed by PWHT at 670°C. At the indicated temperatures, the low sensitivity of the heat affected zone (HAZ) metal and the base metal to tempering as well as to thermal exposure at 350°C, has been revealed.
{"title":"Study of the structure and properties of the metal of reactor pressure vessel welded joints made of Cr–Mo–V steel in the process of manufacture and operation","authors":"M. N. Timofeev, S. N. Galyatkin","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-111-123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-111-123","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a study of changes in the structure and mechanical properties of the metal of the welded joints of steel 15Cr2МoVА-А mod. A during post weld heat treatment (PWHT) at the reactor pressure vessel (RPV) manufacturing and also as a result of thermal exposure during its operation. It has been established that in as-welded state, the weld metal has a satisfactory level of plastic characteristics and high values of impact strength, but an excessively high level of strength properties. PWHT at 655°C reduces the strength properties, but does not lead to a significant increase of impact strength level. The final properties are formed by PWHT at 670°C. At the indicated temperatures, the low sensitivity of the heat affected zone (HAZ) metal and the base metal to tempering as well as to thermal exposure at 350°C, has been revealed.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89969616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-85-97
R. Vagapov
Data on the use of the X-ray diffraction method in the analysis of the composition of corrosion products are presented. Such knowledge makes it possible to obtain information on the mechanisms of corrosion development and the protective properties of corrosion products, being either dense (with certain protective properties against corrosion) or loose (with a low level of protection against corrosion), which doesn't prevent the penetration of corrosive media to steel surfaces. Under H2S conditions, a layer of mackinawite (tetragonal FeS) is formed on the surface of steels, and in acidic environments of formation water imitations, it was found that, in addition to it, cubic FeS is formed. Iron sulfide with a cubic crystal structure, being metastable, reduces the protective properties of the sulfide film in aggressive acidic H2S media. During carbon dioxide corrosion of steel, the main product is siderite (FeCO3), characterized by the phenomenon of isomorphism (i.e. changes in the chemical composition of the phase while maintaining its crystal structure). It is established that in the formation water model, sediments of non-stoichiometric composition CaxFeyCO3 and (XFe)CO3 are formed, where X = (Са2+, Mg2+, Mn2+). Both of them are poorly crystallized and have defects in the crystal structure, which reduce their protective properties relative to the stoichiometric FeCO3 formed in a 3%NaCl solution. A corrosion inhibitor in aqueous media promotes the adsorption of the inhibitor film, preventing the formation of corrosion products.
{"title":"Analysis of the influence of aggressive factors and conditions on the composition of corrosive products","authors":"R. Vagapov","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-85-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-85-97","url":null,"abstract":"Data on the use of the X-ray diffraction method in the analysis of the composition of corrosion products are presented. Such knowledge makes it possible to obtain information on the mechanisms of corrosion development and the protective properties of corrosion products, being either dense (with certain protective properties against corrosion) or loose (with a low level of protection against corrosion), which doesn't prevent the penetration of corrosive media to steel surfaces. Under H2S conditions, a layer of mackinawite (tetragonal FeS) is formed on the surface of steels, and in acidic environments of formation water imitations, it was found that, in addition to it, cubic FeS is formed. Iron sulfide with a cubic crystal structure, being metastable, reduces the protective properties of the sulfide film in aggressive acidic H2S media. During carbon dioxide corrosion of steel, the main product is siderite (FeCO3), characterized by the phenomenon of isomorphism (i.e. changes in the chemical composition of the phase while maintaining its crystal structure). It is established that in the formation water model, sediments of non-stoichiometric composition CaxFeyCO3 and (XFe)CO3 are formed, where X = (Са2+, Mg2+, Mn2+). Both of them are poorly crystallized and have defects in the crystal structure, which reduce their protective properties relative to the stoichiometric FeCO3 formed in a 3%NaCl solution. A corrosion inhibitor in aqueous media promotes the adsorption of the inhibitor film, preventing the formation of corrosion products.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73613391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-67-78
G. F. Zhelezina, G. S. Kulagina, A. S. Kolobkov, P. M. Shuldeshova
The article describes the stage-by-stage development of Russian aramid fibers. The differences between the third generation of Rusar NT fibers and CBM and Ruslan fibers are described. In this work, we studied the resistance of a structural organoplastic based on the third generation of Russian aramid fibers to various climatic factors in order to justify the possibility of using the material in all climatic conditions. For structural organoplastics reinforced with aramid fibers capable of absorbing moisture, the humidity of the environment is a particularly significant factor of influence. When developing all-climatic organoplastics, the key issue is to increase the resistance to moisture absorption and ensure the stability of mechanical characteristics during water and moisture absorption. For the first time for a Russian aramid organoplastic, it has been shown that due to high moisture resistance and a high level of preservation of physical and mechanical properties after exposure to a wide range of climatic tests, organoplastic grade VKO-25 can be considered for use in aviation products operating in all climatic conditions.
{"title":"Aramid organoplastics with increased resistance to climatic factors","authors":"G. F. Zhelezina, G. S. Kulagina, A. S. Kolobkov, P. M. Shuldeshova","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-67-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-67-78","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the stage-by-stage development of Russian aramid fibers. The differences between the third generation of Rusar NT fibers and CBM and Ruslan fibers are described. In this work, we studied the resistance of a structural organoplastic based on the third generation of Russian aramid fibers to various climatic factors in order to justify the possibility of using the material in all climatic conditions. For structural organoplastics reinforced with aramid fibers capable of absorbing moisture, the humidity of the environment is a particularly significant factor of influence. When developing all-climatic organoplastics, the key issue is to increase the resistance to moisture absorption and ensure the stability of mechanical characteristics during water and moisture absorption. For the first time for a Russian aramid organoplastic, it has been shown that due to high moisture resistance and a high level of preservation of physical and mechanical properties after exposure to a wide range of climatic tests, organoplastic grade VKO-25 can be considered for use in aviation products operating in all climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84904830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-171-184
E. Kuleshova, D. Maltsev, A. Frolov, N. Stepanov, B. Margolin, А. A. Sorokin, V. Pechenkin, M. Bokhovko, U. Kobets
Comparative studies of porosity and calculation of the swelling profile in samples of austenitic stainless steel with a nickel content of 10 and 20 wt.%. The samples were irradiated at the Tandem-3M accelerator to the same doses of 300 dpa with Ni ions with an ion energy of 11.5 MeV at a temperature of 550°C with preliminary implantation of He. To calculate the swelling profile, digitally processed images were obtained by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). In addition, comparative studies of the phase composition and radiation-induced segregations at grain boundaries, pore/matrix interfacial boundaries, and on the surface of phase precipitates were carried out on irradiated samples with varying nickel contents.
{"title":"Profile evaluation of the ion irradiation-induced swelling in austenitic stainless steel with varying nickel content","authors":"E. Kuleshova, D. Maltsev, A. Frolov, N. Stepanov, B. Margolin, А. A. Sorokin, V. Pechenkin, M. Bokhovko, U. Kobets","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-171-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-171-184","url":null,"abstract":"Comparative studies of porosity and calculation of the swelling profile in samples of austenitic stainless steel with a nickel content of 10 and 20 wt.%. The samples were irradiated at the Tandem-3M accelerator to the same doses of 300 dpa with Ni ions with an ion energy of 11.5 MeV at a temperature of 550°C with preliminary implantation of He. To calculate the swelling profile, digitally processed images were obtained by scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). In addition, comparative studies of the phase composition and radiation-induced segregations at grain boundaries, pore/matrix interfacial boundaries, and on the surface of phase precipitates were carried out on irradiated samples with varying nickel contents.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87047391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-124-139
D. Maltsev, E. Kuleshova, S. Fedotov, V. Vasilenko, S. Bubyakin
The influence of the grain structure and phase composition of welded seams of WWER-type reactors on their operational characteristics in the initial state is analyzed. Comprehensive studies of welds with various structures formed as a result of welding using various technologies have been carried out. It is shown that differences in the phase composition and morphology of the grain structure of the weld metal in the initial state, which is characterized by an increased proportion of columnar grains and a higher density of carbide phases, lead to an increase in the yield strength and critical brittleness temperature of welded joints.
{"title":"Influence of macrostructure and phase composition on performance characteristics of welded joints of WWER type reactor vessels","authors":"D. Maltsev, E. Kuleshova, S. Fedotov, V. Vasilenko, S. Bubyakin","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-124-139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-124-139","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of the grain structure and phase composition of welded seams of WWER-type reactors on their operational characteristics in the initial state is analyzed. Comprehensive studies of welds with various structures formed as a result of welding using various technologies have been carried out. It is shown that differences in the phase composition and morphology of the grain structure of the weld metal in the initial state, which is characterized by an increased proportion of columnar grains and a higher density of carbide phases, lead to an increase in the yield strength and critical brittleness temperature of welded joints.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85613655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2020-104-4-131-147
A. Kudryavtsev, S. A. Suvorov, D. A. Artemieva, R. Ramazanov
The influence of an aqueous medium and superheated steam on the corrosion resistance and resistance to corrosion-mechanical destruction of 07Kh12NMFB steel in various operating modes of a steam generator of a promising high-power sodium-cooled reactor plant has been studied. Steel of this grade meets the requirements for the operation of heat exchange pipes and vessel elements of direct-flow steam generators of a reactor plant in terms of corrosion resistance and corrosion-mechanical strength.
{"title":"Corrosion resistance of 12% chrome steel under the operation conditions of a steam generator of a reactor plant with sodium coolant","authors":"A. Kudryavtsev, S. A. Suvorov, D. A. Artemieva, R. Ramazanov","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2020-104-4-131-147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2020-104-4-131-147","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of an aqueous medium and superheated steam on the corrosion resistance and resistance to corrosion-mechanical destruction of 07Kh12NMFB steel in various operating modes of a steam generator of a promising high-power sodium-cooled reactor plant has been studied. Steel of this grade meets the requirements for the operation of heat exchange pipes and vessel elements of direct-flow steam generators of a reactor plant in terms of corrosion resistance and corrosion-mechanical strength.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87174453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-185-202
B. Margolin, A. Sorokin, A. Buchatsky, V. A. Shvetsova, O. Prokoshev, N. Pirogova
The experimental study results of the fracture properties and mechanisms are represented over temperature range from 200 up to 600°С for austenitic 304 steel (18Cr–9Ni steel) in the following conditions: (1) after neutron irradiation at temperature of 400°С up to damage dose of 30 dpa; (2) after neutron irradiation and subsequent aging at 550°С for 3000 hours. The fracture properties and mechanisms are determined under uniaxial tension of standard smooth cylindrical specimens and notched cylindrical specimens, i.e. for various stress triaxialities. Sharp decrease in the fracture strain and transition to intergranular fracture are revealed over high temperature range forstandard smooth cylindrical specimens. Over the same temperature range the fracture strain is larger for notched cylindrical specimens than for smooth cylindrical specimens, moreover a portion of intergranular fracture is also larger. This finding is rather abnormal as the fracture strain usually decreases when stress triaxiality and intergranular fracture portion increase. The obtained results are used for formulation of fracture criterion and elaboration of fracture model for high temperature radiation embrittlement that is considered in the second part of the paper.
{"title":"Fracture properties and mechanisms for irradiated austenitic steels over high temperature range and formulation of fracture criterion. Part 1. Experimental results","authors":"B. Margolin, A. Sorokin, A. Buchatsky, V. A. Shvetsova, O. Prokoshev, N. Pirogova","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-185-202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-110-2-185-202","url":null,"abstract":"The experimental study results of the fracture properties and mechanisms are represented over temperature range from 200 up to 600°С for austenitic 304 steel (18Cr–9Ni steel) in the following conditions: (1) after neutron irradiation at temperature of 400°С up to damage dose of 30 dpa; (2) after neutron irradiation and subsequent aging at 550°С for 3000 hours. The fracture properties and mechanisms are determined under uniaxial tension of standard smooth cylindrical specimens and notched cylindrical specimens, i.e. for various stress triaxialities. Sharp decrease in the fracture strain and transition to intergranular fracture are revealed over high temperature range forstandard smooth cylindrical specimens. Over the same temperature range the fracture strain is larger for notched cylindrical specimens than for smooth cylindrical specimens, moreover a portion of intergranular fracture is also larger. This finding is rather abnormal as the fracture strain usually decreases when stress triaxiality and intergranular fracture portion increase. The obtained results are used for formulation of fracture criterion and elaboration of fracture model for high temperature radiation embrittlement that is considered in the second part of the paper.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89437298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-11-01DOI: 10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-59-66
A. P. Ammosova, A. A. Ushkanov, S. A. Sleptsova, A. A. Okhlopkova, N. Lazareva
The paper presents the results of physical-mechanical and tribological studies of composites based on polytetrafluoroethylene and natural shungite. It has been established that the introduction of shungite leads to an increase in the wear resistance of the material by 114 times compared to an unfilled polymer. Electron microscopy has shown that a secondary layer is formed on the friction surface of the composites, which protects the material from wear. Using IR spectroscopy, it has been established that during the wear of composites, tribochemical reactions occur with the formation of oxygen-containing functional groups and subsequent structuring of the surface layer. The results of the study obtained by differential scanning calorimetry show that the presence of natural shungite in the PTFE matrix leads to ordering of the structure of the composites.
{"title":"The influence of natural shungite on the properties and structure of polytetrafluoroethylene","authors":"A. P. Ammosova, A. A. Ushkanov, S. A. Sleptsova, A. A. Okhlopkova, N. Lazareva","doi":"10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-59-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22349/1994-6716-2022-111-3-59-66","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents the results of physical-mechanical and tribological studies of composites based on polytetrafluoroethylene and natural shungite. It has been established that the introduction of shungite leads to an increase in the wear resistance of the material by 114 times compared to an unfilled polymer. Electron microscopy has shown that a secondary layer is formed on the friction surface of the composites, which protects the material from wear. Using IR spectroscopy, it has been established that during the wear of composites, tribochemical reactions occur with the formation of oxygen-containing functional groups and subsequent structuring of the surface layer. The results of the study obtained by differential scanning calorimetry show that the presence of natural shungite in the PTFE matrix leads to ordering of the structure of the composites.","PeriodicalId":23679,"journal":{"name":"Voprosy Materialovedeniya","volume":"41 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91552057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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