Veterinary parasitology最新文献

{"title":"Bovine macrophages transcriptome profiling reveals divergent responses to virulent and attenuated Babesia bovis strains","authors":"Magalí Nicole Valenzano ,&nbsp;Liliana Alvarez ,&nbsp;Beatriz Valentini ,&nbsp;Silvina Wilkowsky","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110634","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110634","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Babesia bovis is a tick-borne parasite of major economic impact in the livestock industry. Control strategies rely mainly on the use of acaricides and live attenuated vaccines. Comparative genomic analyses have shown no major differences between virulent and attenuated B. bovis strains, suggesting that studies on the host’s differential response may represent a key step toward clarifying the basis of disease severity and vaccine efficacy. In this study, we analyzed by RNA-seq the differential gene expression in bovine monocyte-derived macrophages after phagocytosis of erythrocytes infected with either the virulent <em>B. bovis</em> S2P strain or the attenuated R1A one. The results revealed a common transcriptional core response of several cellular processes largely centered on lymphocyte related functions, cytokine regulation, and adaptive immune signaling. In turn, the two strains elicited contrasting responses in bovine macrophages, where the virulent strain induced the enrichment of lymphocyte- and antiviral-related pathways, and the attenuated strain led to a stronger pro-inflammatory, chemotactic, and extracellular matrix remodeling signatures. Taken together, these data improved our understanding of the early transcriptional events that develop in macrophages in response to the phagocytosis of red blood cells containing contrasting <em>B. bovis</em> strains. This large dataset could be evaluated in further studies to better characterize the pathogenic mechanisms of bovine babesiosis and to identify targets for host-directed therapeutic strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110634"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative metagenomic profiling of microbial pathogen diversity in Haemaphysalis longicornis and Hyalomma dromedarii ticks","authors":"Luo Jin ,&nbsp;Lan Xinting ,&nbsp;Zhao Shuaiyang ,&nbsp;Ren Qiaoyun ,&nbsp;Muhammad Kashif Obaid ,&nbsp;Diao Peiwen ,&nbsp;Guan Guiquan ,&nbsp;Liu Guangyuan ,&nbsp;Yin Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110656","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110656","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ticks are globally important vectors of human and animal pathogens. This study characterized microbial communities in <em>Haemaphysalis longicornis</em> (from humid Zhangjiachuan County) and <em>Hyalomma dromedarii</em> (from arid Minqin County, Gansu Province, China) using metagenomic sequencing. We identified diverse bacteria and viruses including known pathogens (<em>Anaplasma phagocytophilum</em>, <em>Totivirus</em> spp., <em>Escherichia</em> spp.) and potentially novel agents (<em>Totivirus</em>-like and <em>Trachysalambria</em> curvirostris-associated sequences). These results highlight the role of these tick species in pathogen transmission across different environments and emphasize the need for region-specific surveillance. Our findings contribute to the understanding of tick-borne disease risks and inform strategies for targeted control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145577189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Citrus aurantium extracts and limonene on Dipylidium caninum tegument: In vitro and in vivo study","authors":"Aliaa A. Abd-Elaziz ,&nbsp;Eman M. Abouelhassan ,&nbsp;Elham A. Elkhawass ,&nbsp;Obeid Shanab ,&nbsp;Waleed F. Khalil ,&nbsp;Abdelfattah M. Abdelfattah","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110635","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110635","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dipylidiosis is a common zoonotic infection of dogs caused by <em>Dipylidium caninum</em>. Infected dogs were treated using ethanolic extracts of the peel and seed of <em>Citrus aurantium</em>, as well as its main active compound (limonene). <em>In vitro</em>, peel and seed extracts (12.5, 25, 50 mg/ml) as well as limonene (30, 60, 120 µl/ml) induced worm immobility. Complete mortality of worms (100 %) was achieved 100 % mortality after 4 h for peel extracts and limonene and 6 h for seed extracts. Histological analysis and scanning electron microscopy showed significant structural damage in treated worms, including peeling, vesiculation, ulceration, fissures, and tegumental distortion. <em>In vivo</em>, dogs treated with peel extract at 150 and 300 mg/kg achieved high efficacy rates of 72.33 % and 92 %, respectively, and reached 100 % efficacy, comparable to that of praziquantel, by the end of the experiment. The extract's effectiveness was dose- and time-dependent. In conclusion, these findings suggest that <em>C. aurantium</em> peel extract provides a safe, sustainable, and effective natural alternative to synthetic drugs for treating <em>D. caninum</em> infections in dogs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145374258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Corrigendum to “Green synthesis and larvicidal activity of ZnO nanoparticles against Lucilia sericata larvae using essential oil bio-reductants” [Vet. Parasitol. 340 (2025) 110633]","authors":"Hatice Tosyagülü Çeli̇k ,&nbsp;Nilüfer Vural ,&nbsp;Sibel Kaymak","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110655","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110655","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110655"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145582554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Safety and efficacy assessment of a chewable tablet containing sarolaner, moxidectin, and pyrantel in the treatment of Angiostrongylus vasorum in dogs","authors":"Anne Lloyd ,&nbsp;Lore Van Mechelen ,&nbsp;Carleen Van Overloop ,&nbsp;Padraig Doherty ,&nbsp;Jakob L. Willesen ,&nbsp;Fabrizio Solari Basano ,&nbsp;Thomas Geurden","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110652","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110652","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Angiostrongylosis, caused by <em>Angiostrongylus vasorum</em>, is an important clinical disease in dogs in Europe with infection transmitted through infected snails and slugs which function as intermediate hosts. Previous studies demonstrated the preventive efficacy of a monthly administration of moxidectin in combination with sarolaner and pyrantel (Simparica Trio® chewable tablet (SMP); Zoetis). An experimental infection study and a field study were conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of SMP for the treatment of infections with adult stages of <em>A. vasorum</em> in dogs. The experimental study evaluated the efficacy of a single (n = 7 dogs) or repeated dose (n = 8 dogs) of SMP at the minimum recommended dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 0.024 mg/kg moxidectin and 5 mg/kg pyrantel (as pamoate salt) administered as a chewable tablet. against an induced infection with 200 (±10) L3 <em>A. vasorum</em> at least 63 days prior to treatment on Day 0, compared to a placebo control product (n = 8 dogs). Efficacy was determined based on adult worm counts 56 or 57 days after treatment. The field study at veterinary <em>practices</em> in Italy and Denmark evaluated the efficacy and safety of SMP in client-owned dogs (n = 66). Advocate® Spot On (100 mg/mL (minimum 10 mg/kg) imidacloprid + 25 mg/mL (minimum 2.5 mg/kg) moxidectin from Elanco Animal Health, n = 37) was used as the control product. Treatment was administered on Day 0 and repeated on Day 30 if the dog was still positive for <em>A. vasorum</em> larvae. Faecal samples were collected and analyzed with the modified Baermann method in-between scheduled visits. In the experimental study the percentage reduction in geometric mean adult worm counts compared to the placebo-treated group was 98.3 % (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.0001) after a single dose of SMP and 99.6 % <em>(P</em> &lt; 0.0001) after two doses. In the field study, faecal larvae counts were reduced by 90 % or more in 90.9 % of the dogs in the SMP-treated group at Day 30 and in 98.5 % of dogs at Day 60. Compared to the pre-treatment faecal larvae counts a geometric mean percent reduction of 96.7 % was observed on Day 30 and 99.1 % on Day 60 in the SMP treated group. Both in the experimental and in the field study, SMP as a chewable tablet was well tolerated and resulted in a high efficacy against adult <em>A. vasorum</em> infections after a single treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110652"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between fecal egg counts and intestinal nematode burden of naturally infected dogs, derived from records of anthelmintic efficacy studies","authors":"D. Hamel ,&nbsp;T. Lindner ,&nbsp;S. Rehbein","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110639","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110639","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Using data collected in parasiticide efficacy studies for canine nematodes, the relation between fecal egg count (FEC) and worm burden was retrospectively explored. For the analysis, the FEC count at inclusion of the dogs into the studies and the adult nematode count established at the end of the studies, approximately 2 weeks after the FEC, were used. In total, information was available from 211, 233, 33 and 245 nematode-positive dogs of various age and sex with naturally acquired <em>Uncinaria stenocephala</em> (1–612 nematodes), <em>Toxocara canis</em> (1–91 nematodes), <em>Toxascaris leonina</em> (1–81 nematodes) and <em>Trichuris vulpis</em> (1–2780 nematodes) infections, respectively, of which 172, 195, 26 and 209 dogs, respectively, had a positive FEC. Analysis was conducted on log-transformed FEC and nematode counts to convert the data towards a normal distribution. The variables FEC, age, sex and body weight were analyzed in a linear model as predictors for the nematode count. Resulting models revealed only the FEC as significant predictor for the nematode count in all nematode species. The final linear regression model using log-transformed s accounted for 68 %, 50 %, 41 % and 39 % of the variation observed in the log-transformed burden of <em>U. stenocephala</em>, <em>T. vulpis</em>, <em>T. leonina</em> and <em>T. canis</em>, respectively (all p &lt; 0.0001). Within the limitations of the nature of the data, these results indicate that FEC can provide useful information on the burden of common nematodes in naturally infected dogs with more value with respect to <em>U. stenocephala</em> and <em>T. vulpis</em> infections and less for ascarid infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110639"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145460098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and validation of qPCR assay targeting COWP conserved region for sensitive detection and quantification of Cryptosporidium infections","authors":"Hend Okasha ,&nbsp;Hadeer A. El-Kalamawy ,&nbsp;Ahmed R. Mashaal ,&nbsp;Eman S. El-Wakil","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110653","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110653","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div><em>Cryptosporidium</em> is a significant food and waterborne protozoan parasite. Molecular diagnosis and quantification play a crucial role in diagnosing infections, as well as in understanding the transmission dynamics. The <em>Cryptosporidium</em> oocyst wall protein (COWP) gene serves as an appropriate target for such assays since it remains conserved uniquely among significant species.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The current research focused on developing and validating a sensitive and specific quantitative PCR (qPCR) test targeting a conserved domain of the COWP gene to detect and quantify various <em>Cryptosporidium</em> species.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Design of selective degenerate primers on a conserved domain in the major <em>Cryptosporidium</em> spp. COWP gene. A COWP DNA library was constructed using molecular cloning into pET-15b vector to be used as a precursor for a standard curve absolute quantification strategy.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The designed primers successfully amplified a 311–317 bp product, with specificity tested using melt curve analysis. The slope of the standard curve was −3.279, efficiency of 100.8 %, and R² = 0.95 (p &lt; 0.0001) with LOD equals 9.55 × 10⁴ copies /µL.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A qPCR assay that is both sensitive and efficient was developed and validated. The method produces a reliable technique of absolute quantitation of <em>Cryptosporidium</em> DNA in samples of unknown quantity, from which infection rates may be estimated accurately.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of the protective immune response of Live vs. inactivated NC-a strain as an experimental vaccine for Neospora caninum in Balb/c mice","authors":"Matin Khosropour ,&nbsp;Mehdi Namavari ,&nbsp;Salomeh Shirali ,&nbsp;Zahra Bootorabi ,&nbsp;Zahra Khabazan","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110625","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110625","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Developing an effective vaccine for Neosporosis is critical for its control and prevention. Our previous research introduced the attenuated strain prepared by long-term passage on the J774 cell line (NC-a) that yielded successful results in terms of protective immune response in mice. Given the preference for inactivated over live vaccines, this study evaluated the NC-a strain in its inactivated form (I. NC-a) with different adjuvants in a Balb/c mouse. Fifty Balb/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: G1 (I. NC-a with aluminum hydroxide), G2 (I. NC-a with Montanide ISA 70), G3 (I. NC-a without adjuvant), G4 (live NC-a), and G5 (negative control). Mice were immunized twice, 21 days apart, with 2 × 10⁶ NC-a tachyzoites, followed by a challenge with 2.5 × 10⁶ virulent NC-1 tachyzoites. Survival rates, serological tests assessing humoral and cellular immune responses and also, molecular testing were conducted. Serological results revealed that, there was a significant difference (P &lt; 0.05) between the vaccinated groups and the G5, as well as between adjuvanted inactivated vaccine groups (G1, G2) and the live vaccine group (G4). Also, the survival rate of mice in group G2 and G4 was about 90 %. In general, an important point is the adjuvant-inactivated strain induced comparable and potentially superior protective immune responses to the live strain. These results highlight the promise of inactive vaccines and suggest that complementary research could lead to a functional and safe neosporosis vaccine for various hosts, diverging from the focus on live vaccines dominant in protozoan studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110625"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiparasitic effects of copper nanoparticles on monogeneans Dactylogyrus spp. in Cyprinus carpio koi associated with physiological and histological alterations","authors":"Gracienhe Gomes dos Santos ,&nbsp;Domickson Silva Costa ,&nbsp;Paola Capistrano dos Santos ,&nbsp;Gabriele Bueno dos Anjos ,&nbsp;Marilia Tedesco ,&nbsp;Elenice Martins Brasil ,&nbsp;Caio Francisco Santana Farias ,&nbsp;Diego José Nogueira ,&nbsp;Bruno Luis Ferreira ,&nbsp;Eduardo Sidinei Chaves ,&nbsp;José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño ,&nbsp;Mauricio Laterça Martins ,&nbsp;Gabriela Tomas Jerônimo","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110638","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110638","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the antiparasitic effects of copper nanoparticles (CuNPs, 44.33 nm) and their influence on hematological, ionic, and gill histological parameters of <em>Cyprinus carpio</em> koi. A total of 240 fish were distributed into four experimental groups: control (no copper exposure) and three groups treated with CuNPs (0.3, 0.6, and 1.25 mg/L) for 5 h. After exposure, some individuals were maintained for 48 h to evaluate potential reinfection and physiological alterations. Exposure to CuNPs significantly reduced infestation by <em>Dactylogyrus minutus</em> and <em>Dactylogyrus extensus</em>, particularly at 1.25 mg/L. After 48 h, an increase in total erythrocytes, leukocytes, lymphocytes, and neutrophils was observed in the groups exposed to 0.6 and 1.25 mg/L CuNPs, along with a reduction in hematocrit and mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Plasma chloride levels were most affected in the groups exposed to 0.6 mg/L at 5 h and 0.3 mg/L at 48 h, while calcium showed a significant reduction over time. Histological analyses revealed gill lesions such as lamellar congestion, lamellar fusion, eosinophilic and mononuclear inflammation, hyperplasia, and necrosis, which were more evident after 5 h of exposure and reduced after 48 h of CuNPs exposure. Despite the antiparasitic efficacy of CuNPs, their physiological effects require further studies to determine safe therapeutic doses for controlling monogeneans in this host fish.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110638"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145420124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chronic Giardia infections in dogs: Longitudinal analysis of cyst excretion and fecal consistency in young and adult dogs","authors":"Bregt Decorte,&nbsp;Edwin Claerebout,&nbsp;Peter Geldhof","doi":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110650","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.vetpar.2025.110650","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Giardia</em> infections are common in dogs, yet uncertainties remain regarding their clinical relevance and whether effective immunity develops over time. This study investigated <em>Giardia</em> infection dynamics in young and adult dogs through a longitudinal follow-up, assessing cyst excretion, potential indicators of immune development and associations with fecal consistency. Puppies were monitored monthly for five months after arriving in new households, while adult group-housed dogs across five study groups were followed biweekly over two months, with cyst excretion quantified by immunofluorescence microscopy. A substantial proportion of puppies exhibited chronic infection, consistently shedding high cyst levels, suggesting incomplete or delayed protective immunity. Infection status upon arrival strongly predicted chronicity, with puppies from professional breeders at higher risk compared with those from non-professional breeders. Similarly, chronic and high-intensity infections were prevalent in group-housed adult dogs, indicating an apparent absence of effective immune development. Although fenbendazole treatment was administered in some study groups, it only temporarily reduced cyst excretion; infection prevalence and cyst burdens remained persistently elevated. In puppies, <em>Giardia</em>-positive individuals showed a non-significant trend toward looser stools compared with negatives. In adult dogs, infected individuals had significantly higher odds of looser stools (OR: 2.32, p = 0.007). Furthermore, cyst excretion levels were positively correlated with fecal consistency scores in adult dogs. These findings emphasize the chronic nature of <em>Giardia</em> across age groups and suggest early infection status and environmental contamination significantly influence infection persistence. This study provides the first evidence linking <em>Giardia</em> cyst load to fecal consistency in adult dogs, highlighting potential clinical relevance of giardiosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":23716,"journal":{"name":"Veterinary parasitology","volume":"341 ","pages":"Article 110650"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145557920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}