Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0426
Bara'a Kadhum Mohammed, Jawad K. Al-Diwan, Noufel Sh. Al-Shadood
Introduction: Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern, and early detection through screening methods plays a pivotal role in reducing its incidence and mortality. Among the various screening tools, Pap smear and colposcopy are effective diagnostic measures for identifying precancerous and cancerous lesions in the cervix. Objectives: To compare Pap smear results with those of subsequent colposcopy findings. Methods: This cross-section study was conducted at Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital between 1/9/2023 and 1/3/2024. One hundred women attended Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and underwent Pap smear and colposcopy examinations. Demographic data: Age, age at marriage, parity, or oral contraceptive pills. Relevant information, including cytological findings and histopathological findings, was extracted from medical records. Colposcopy assessments, including any identified abnormalities or lesions, were recorded. Statistical analyses will make a comparison relationship between Pap smear and colposcopy outcomes, and the collected data were coded and entered into SPSS 20.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 by IBM) (SPSS for Windows, Rel. 20.0.2016, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The outcomes of the visual examination of acetic acid in conjunction with histological examination, with CIN2 as the reference standard. The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values were 100%, 60.00%, 20.00%, and 100%, respectively, resulting in an accuracy of 63.00%. The differences resulted in pap smear compared to the values obtained from visual inspection with acetic acid; precisely, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were measured at 100.00%, 40.00%, 14.00%, and 100.00%, respectively, resulting in an overall accuracy of 45.00%. Conclusion: In conclusion, the significance of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and Pap smear in detecting cervical cancer is paramount. This diagnostic approach proves valuable in identifying existing cases and facilitating early intervention, as it enables the detection of pre-cancerous conditions before they progress to full-fledged cancer.
{"title":"Pap smear and colposcopy results among women attending Al-Yarmoke Teaching Hospital","authors":"Bara'a Kadhum Mohammed, Jawad K. Al-Diwan, Noufel Sh. Al-Shadood","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0426","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cervical cancer remains a significant global health concern, and early detection through screening methods plays a pivotal role in reducing its incidence and mortality. Among the various screening tools, Pap smear and colposcopy are effective diagnostic measures for identifying precancerous and cancerous lesions in the cervix. Objectives: To compare Pap smear results with those of subsequent colposcopy findings. Methods: This cross-section study was conducted at Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital between 1/9/2023 and 1/3/2024. One hundred women attended Al Yarmouk Teaching Hospital and underwent Pap smear and colposcopy examinations. Demographic data: Age, age at marriage, parity, or oral contraceptive pills. Relevant information, including cytological findings and histopathological findings, was extracted from medical records. Colposcopy assessments, including any identified abnormalities or lesions, were recorded. Statistical analyses will make a comparison relationship between Pap smear and colposcopy outcomes, and the collected data were coded and entered into SPSS 20.0 (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 20.0 by IBM) (SPSS for Windows, Rel. 20.0.2016, SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). Results: The outcomes of the visual examination of acetic acid in conjunction with histological examination, with CIN2 as the reference standard. The sensitivity, specificity, positive, and negative predictive values were 100%, 60.00%, 20.00%, and 100%, respectively, resulting in an accuracy of 63.00%. The differences resulted in pap smear compared to the values obtained from visual inspection with acetic acid; precisely, the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were measured at 100.00%, 40.00%, 14.00%, and 100.00%, respectively, resulting in an overall accuracy of 45.00%. Conclusion: In conclusion, the significance of visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) and Pap smear in detecting cervical cancer is paramount. This diagnostic approach proves valuable in identifying existing cases and facilitating early intervention, as it enables the detection of pre-cancerous conditions before they progress to full-fledged cancer.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"11 40","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795666","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0377
Asif Sk, Deepthi N, Sai Deepika L, Bhavani K, Hyma A, Sailaja B, Udaya J, Jagadeesh P, Swathi P
Callisia repens (Turtle vine) and Crassula ovata (Jade) are ornamental plants that have been used pharmacologically as traditional medicine plants. This research aimed to investigate the phytochemistry and antioxidant activities of Callisia repens and Crassula ovata using in vitro models. The phytochemical analysis proved the presence of glycosides & terpenoids in Callisia repens and carbohydrates, proteins, steroids, and triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols in Crassula ovata. Further, in the DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 at 48.825 mg/ml and 470.314 mg/ml; 81.08 mg/ml and 181.51 mg/ml of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity for turtle vine and Jade respectively. The potential antioxidant activity might be due to the active phytochemical constituents and hydrogen or electron-donating capacity of the selected ornamental plants.
{"title":"Phytochemical screening and evaluation of antioxidant activity of Callisia repens and Crassula ovata: An in-vitro study","authors":"Asif Sk, Deepthi N, Sai Deepika L, Bhavani K, Hyma A, Sailaja B, Udaya J, Jagadeesh P, Swathi P","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0377","url":null,"abstract":"Callisia repens (Turtle vine) and Crassula ovata (Jade) are ornamental plants that have been used pharmacologically as traditional medicine plants. This research aimed to investigate the phytochemistry and antioxidant activities of Callisia repens and Crassula ovata using in vitro models. The phytochemical analysis proved the presence of glycosides & terpenoids in Callisia repens and carbohydrates, proteins, steroids, and triterpenoids, flavonoids, and phenols in Crassula ovata. Further, in the DPPH radical scavenging activity with IC50 at 48.825 mg/ml and 470.314 mg/ml; 81.08 mg/ml and 181.51 mg/ml of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) scavenging activity for turtle vine and Jade respectively. The potential antioxidant activity might be due to the active phytochemical constituents and hydrogen or electron-donating capacity of the selected ornamental plants.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"8 51","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0384
Oluwakemi A Abuka, Ajibola O Adesina
This study investigates the relationship between social media use and substance abuse among young adults in the United States. With the increasing prevalence of social media and its profound impact on behavior, understanding its role in promoting substance use is critical. The research examines patterns of substance abuse, identifies key social media factors contributing to these behaviors, and discusses implications for prevention and intervention strategies. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with young adults aged 18-25. The findings highlight significant correlations between social media exposure and substance use, emphasizing the need for targeted educational and policy measures.
{"title":"Substance abuse among young adults, and the contributing factors of social media in the United States","authors":"Oluwakemi A Abuka, Ajibola O Adesina","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0384","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the relationship between social media use and substance abuse among young adults in the United States. With the increasing prevalence of social media and its profound impact on behavior, understanding its role in promoting substance use is critical. The research examines patterns of substance abuse, identifies key social media factors contributing to these behaviors, and discusses implications for prevention and intervention strategies. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with young adults aged 18-25. The findings highlight significant correlations between social media exposure and substance use, emphasizing the need for targeted educational and policy measures.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"12 35","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim of the Study: To find out the unified effect of pulse electromagnetic field therapy with conventional physiotherapy in cervical radiculopathy. Material and method: A study carried out for six weeks in the outpatient department of MGM Physiotherapy, Aurangabad study initiated only after obtained written informed consent from patients with an explanation were given about the risk and benefits, with pre-treatment Outcome measures get filled. Outcome measure used was Neck disability index, Visual analog scale, and Upper extremity functional index, total of six sessions was applied, post treatment score recorded. Result: There was a significant reduction in the pain intensity on the Visual analogue scale score was lowered from 9 to 2 after six sessions and Neck Disability Index pre-treatment was 73.33% which improved to 14.28%, Upper extremity functional scale pre-treatment was 31/80 to post-treatment improved to 72/80. Conclusion: There was significant effect of unified pulsed electromagnetic field therapy along with conventional physiotherapy for chronic cervical radiculopathy. Significant reduction of pain intensity on outcome measures for pain and neck disability and upper extremity function attributed to unified application of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy.
{"title":"Unified effect of pulse electromagnetic field therapy with conventional physiotherapy in chronic cervical radiculopathy: A case report","authors":"Bhalchandra Shahadeorao Kharsade, Maliha Fatima Quraishi","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0430","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the Study: To find out the unified effect of pulse electromagnetic field therapy with conventional physiotherapy in cervical radiculopathy. Material and method: A study carried out for six weeks in the outpatient department of MGM Physiotherapy, Aurangabad study initiated only after obtained written informed consent from patients with an explanation were given about the risk and benefits, with pre-treatment Outcome measures get filled. Outcome measure used was Neck disability index, Visual analog scale, and Upper extremity functional index, total of six sessions was applied, post treatment score recorded. Result: There was a significant reduction in the pain intensity on the Visual analogue scale score was lowered from 9 to 2 after six sessions and Neck Disability Index pre-treatment was 73.33% which improved to 14.28%, Upper extremity functional scale pre-treatment was 31/80 to post-treatment improved to 72/80. Conclusion: There was significant effect of unified pulsed electromagnetic field therapy along with conventional physiotherapy for chronic cervical radiculopathy. Significant reduction of pain intensity on outcome measures for pain and neck disability and upper extremity function attributed to unified application of pulsed electromagnetic field therapy.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper explores how renewable energy plays a role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and improving nutritional outcomes. Sources of energy like solar, wind and bioenergy can revolutionize food systems by enhancing aspects of food production, processing, storage and distribution to ensure a consistent and diverse food supply. The incorporation of energy in agriculture has demonstrated advantages, such as a 30% decrease in post-harvest losses through solar drying and a 15% boost in crop yields from solar powered irrigation in Bangladesh. These enhancements directly contribute to food availability and quality. Furthermore, the adoption of energy solutions has led to improved choices, exemplified by a 25% increase in milk consumption in rural Kenya thanks to solar refrigeration units. Renewable energy also promotes food security by supporting productivity in regions like sub–Saharan Africa and India while lowering malnutrition rates. The paper underscores the importance of policies, global partnerships and investments in research to enhance the efficiency and affordability of energy. Future studies should concentrate on assessments to gauge the lasting effects of energy on food security and nutrition while exploring emerging technologies such as advanced bioenergy and microgrid systems. The integration of energy into food systems presents a path, towards sustainable development and enhanced nutritional outcomes.
{"title":"The role of renewable and cleaner energy in achieving sustainable development goals and enhancing nutritional outcomes: Addressing malnutrition, food security, and dietary quality","authors":"Ojamalia Priscilla Godwins, Abisinuola David-Olusa, Amina Catherine Ijiga, Toyosi Motilola Olola, Sadique Abdallah","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0408","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores how renewable energy plays a role in achieving Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and improving nutritional outcomes. Sources of energy like solar, wind and bioenergy can revolutionize food systems by enhancing aspects of food production, processing, storage and distribution to ensure a consistent and diverse food supply. The incorporation of energy in agriculture has demonstrated advantages, such as a 30% decrease in post-harvest losses through solar drying and a 15% boost in crop yields from solar powered irrigation in Bangladesh. These enhancements directly contribute to food availability and quality. Furthermore, the adoption of energy solutions has led to improved choices, exemplified by a 25% increase in milk consumption in rural Kenya thanks to solar refrigeration units. Renewable energy also promotes food security by supporting productivity in regions like sub–Saharan Africa and India while lowering malnutrition rates. The paper underscores the importance of policies, global partnerships and investments in research to enhance the efficiency and affordability of energy. Future studies should concentrate on assessments to gauge the lasting effects of energy on food security and nutrition while exploring emerging technologies such as advanced bioenergy and microgrid systems. The integration of energy into food systems presents a path, towards sustainable development and enhanced nutritional outcomes.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"3 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0407
Bhaskar Mahanayak
Indian medicinal plants have been a cornerstone of traditional medicine, offering a wealth of bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potential. However, their integration into modern drug discovery processes remains underexplored. This study leverages advanced computational techniques, including ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, to identify and characterize bioactive compounds from Indian medicinal plants. Through a systematic approach, we compiled a database of these compounds, assessed their pharmacokinetic properties, and predicted their interactions with target proteins implicated in various diseases. The ADMET analysis facilitated the prediction of the pharmacokinetic profiles, ensuring the selection of compounds with favorable absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity characteristics. Network pharmacology provided insights into the multi-target effects of these compounds, elucidating their mechanisms of action within biological systems. Molecular docking predicted the binding affinities and modes of selected compounds with target proteins, while molecular dynamics simulations validated and refined these interactions, ensuring their stability and efficacy. This integrative approach not only accelerates the discovery of novel drug candidates but also bridges the gap between traditional knowledge and contemporary science, fostering the development of effective and culturally resonant therapies. Our findings highlight the potential of Indian medicinal plants as a rich source of new drug candidates, paving the way for innovative therapeutic solutions.
{"title":"Computational strategies for drug discovery: Harnessing Indian medicinal plants","authors":"Bhaskar Mahanayak","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0407","url":null,"abstract":"Indian medicinal plants have been a cornerstone of traditional medicine, offering a wealth of bioactive compounds with significant therapeutic potential. However, their integration into modern drug discovery processes remains underexplored. This study leverages advanced computational techniques, including ADMET (Absorption, Distribution, Metabolism, Excretion, and Toxicity) analysis, network pharmacology, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations, to identify and characterize bioactive compounds from Indian medicinal plants. Through a systematic approach, we compiled a database of these compounds, assessed their pharmacokinetic properties, and predicted their interactions with target proteins implicated in various diseases. The ADMET analysis facilitated the prediction of the pharmacokinetic profiles, ensuring the selection of compounds with favorable absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity characteristics. Network pharmacology provided insights into the multi-target effects of these compounds, elucidating their mechanisms of action within biological systems. Molecular docking predicted the binding affinities and modes of selected compounds with target proteins, while molecular dynamics simulations validated and refined these interactions, ensuring their stability and efficacy. This integrative approach not only accelerates the discovery of novel drug candidates but also bridges the gap between traditional knowledge and contemporary science, fostering the development of effective and culturally resonant therapies. Our findings highlight the potential of Indian medicinal plants as a rich source of new drug candidates, paving the way for innovative therapeutic solutions.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0414
Babita H. More, Pratiksha S. Bhat, Mansi R. Singh, Rupali R. Tasgaonkar
The study is aimed to highlights the different aspects of nutraceuticals including market trends, difficulties, and the processing methods used to harness natural resources. A very broad "nutraceutical" rise has been caused by the nutraceuticals' reach for healthcare management of chronic disorders. The majority of settings had a negligible impact on inadequate eating and lifestyle choices. Research on nutraceuticals is very important and reasonably priced. The healthcare and pharmaceutical industries are facing difficulties as a result of its financial system. It has been found that nutraceuticals contribute to the prevention of infection and cancer and have a positive effect on immune system and cardiovascular health. Based on their composition and mode of action, nutraceuticals are categorized into classes. The many kinds of nutraceuticals and their potential therapeutic effects in illness, such as their anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-lipid properties, will be discussed in this review. Additionally Over the last fifty years, lifestyles have been significantly impacted by urbanization, the rate of industrialization, and rapid change. which resulted in the formation of a junk food eating habit.The ability to eat healthily is impacted by these practices, which gradually reduce the quantity and quality of nutrients consumed. Dementia, starvation, and degenerative diseases are becoming more common as a result of the population’s changed eating habits. In recent years, people’s worries about their health and ability to receive healthcare have grown. Nutraceuticals are essential for boosting immunity without compromising the body’s natural defenses. Nutraceuticals are present in active foods, designer meals, medical diets, dietary supplements, and other diet regimens that offer additional health benefits. Nutrient-rich foods help with a number of bodily functions, including the prevention and treatment of diseases. The medicinal plant offers a range of phytochemical qualities to address different medical issues.
{"title":"Nutraceuticals: An alternative to pharmaceuticals","authors":"Babita H. More, Pratiksha S. Bhat, Mansi R. Singh, Rupali R. Tasgaonkar","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0414","url":null,"abstract":"The study is aimed to highlights the different aspects of nutraceuticals including market trends, difficulties, and the processing methods used to harness natural resources. A very broad \"nutraceutical\" rise has been caused by the nutraceuticals' reach for healthcare management of chronic disorders. The majority of settings had a negligible impact on inadequate eating and lifestyle choices. Research on nutraceuticals is very important and reasonably priced. The healthcare and pharmaceutical industries are facing difficulties as a result of its financial system. It has been found that nutraceuticals contribute to the prevention of infection and cancer and have a positive effect on immune system and cardiovascular health. Based on their composition and mode of action, nutraceuticals are categorized into classes. The many kinds of nutraceuticals and their potential therapeutic effects in illness, such as their anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antioxidant, and anti-lipid properties, will be discussed in this review. Additionally Over the last fifty years, lifestyles have been significantly impacted by urbanization, the rate of industrialization, and rapid change. which resulted in the formation of a junk food eating habit.The ability to eat healthily is impacted by these practices, which gradually reduce the quantity and quality of nutrients consumed. Dementia, starvation, and degenerative diseases are becoming more common as a result of the population’s changed eating habits. In recent years, people’s worries about their health and ability to receive healthcare have grown. Nutraceuticals are essential for boosting immunity without compromising the body’s natural defenses. Nutraceuticals are present in active foods, designer meals, medical diets, dietary supplements, and other diet regimens that offer additional health benefits. Nutrient-rich foods help with a number of bodily functions, including the prevention and treatment of diseases. The medicinal plant offers a range of phytochemical qualities to address different medical issues.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"3 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0449
Kumar Raja Jayavarapu, Praveen Kumar Dassari, Malleli Bhavya Sai Kumari, Yalam Saranya
Rofecoxib is utilized for the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid joint inflammation, intense torment in grown-ups, and essential dysmenorrhea, just as intense therapy of headache assaults with or without emanations. Rofecoxib is strong. This compound has a place with the stilbenes. These are natural mixes containing a 1,2-diphenylethylene moiety. Stilbenes (C6-C2-C6 ) are acquired from the normal phenylpropene (C6-C3) skeleton building block. The presentation of at least one hydroxyl gathering to a phenyl ring leads to stilbenoids. Rofecoxib has a half-existence of 17 hours and its mean oral bioavailability at restoratively suggested dosages of 125,25,and 50 mg is roughly 93%. The proteins that rofecoxib target incorporate elastin and prostaglandin G/H synthase Cytochrome P4501A2, Cytochrome P4503A4, Cytochrome P4502C9, Cytochrome P4502C8, and Prostaglandin G/H synthase1 are known to processor of Rofecoxib. Rofecoxib oral thin films were prepared from the evaluation studies RCX2 with 98.14% drug release is considered as the optimized formulation.
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of dosage form of fast dissolving oral film of Rofecoxib","authors":"Kumar Raja Jayavarapu, Praveen Kumar Dassari, Malleli Bhavya Sai Kumari, Yalam Saranya","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0449","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0449","url":null,"abstract":"Rofecoxib is utilized for the treatment of osteoarthritis, rheumatoid joint inflammation, intense torment in grown-ups, and essential dysmenorrhea, just as intense therapy of headache assaults with or without emanations. Rofecoxib is strong. This compound has a place with the stilbenes. These are natural mixes containing a 1,2-diphenylethylene moiety. Stilbenes (C6-C2-C6 ) are acquired from the normal phenylpropene (C6-C3) skeleton building block. The presentation of at least one hydroxyl gathering to a phenyl ring leads to stilbenoids. Rofecoxib has a half-existence of 17 hours and its mean oral bioavailability at restoratively suggested dosages of 125,25,and 50 mg is roughly 93%. The proteins that rofecoxib target incorporate elastin and prostaglandin G/H synthase Cytochrome P4501A2, Cytochrome P4503A4, Cytochrome P4502C9, Cytochrome P4502C8, and Prostaglandin G/H synthase1 are known to processor of Rofecoxib. Rofecoxib oral thin films were prepared from the evaluation studies RCX2 with 98.14% drug release is considered as the optimized formulation.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"12 15","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0396
Priyanka Mehta
Recent research has increasingly focused on the relationship between gut microbiota and neurological disorders, revealing the broad role of gut microbiota in modulating various physiological and pathological conditions. The bidirectional communication between the brain and gut microbiota is now recognized as crucial for maintaining homeostasis. This gut-brain axis encompasses the central nervous system (CNS), neuroendocrine and neuroimmune systems; autonomic nervous system, enteric nervous system, and intestinal microbiota. Probiotics, which are live microorganisms similar to beneficial gut microbes, have been shown to modulate numerous conditions, including metabolic disorders, behavioral issues, and cognitive functions. Over the past decade, gut microbiota has emerged as a key regulator of brain processes and behavior. Diet significantly influences gut microbiota composition throughout life, and its impact on brain health via microbiota is gaining attention. Identified mechanisms of gut-to-brain communication include microbial metabolites, immune responses, neuronal signaling, and metabolic pathways, all potentially modifiable by diet. Animal studies on nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis have advanced our understanding of diet’s role in this complex interaction. This review summarizes current literature on the interplay between diet, microbiota, and host behavior/brain processes, explores underlying mechanisms, and discusses factors influencing dietary intervention responsiveness and the microbiota's role in modulating diet's effects on brain health.
{"title":"Microbiome and mind: current insights and future directions in gut-brain research","authors":"Priyanka Mehta","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0396","url":null,"abstract":"Recent research has increasingly focused on the relationship between gut microbiota and neurological disorders, revealing the broad role of gut microbiota in modulating various physiological and pathological conditions. The bidirectional communication between the brain and gut microbiota is now recognized as crucial for maintaining homeostasis. This gut-brain axis encompasses the central nervous system (CNS), neuroendocrine and neuroimmune systems; autonomic nervous system, enteric nervous system, and intestinal microbiota. Probiotics, which are live microorganisms similar to beneficial gut microbes, have been shown to modulate numerous conditions, including metabolic disorders, behavioral issues, and cognitive functions. Over the past decade, gut microbiota has emerged as a key regulator of brain processes and behavior. Diet significantly influences gut microbiota composition throughout life, and its impact on brain health via microbiota is gaining attention. Identified mechanisms of gut-to-brain communication include microbial metabolites, immune responses, neuronal signaling, and metabolic pathways, all potentially modifiable by diet. Animal studies on nutritional interventions targeting the microbiota-gut-brain axis have advanced our understanding of diet’s role in this complex interaction. This review summarizes current literature on the interplay between diet, microbiota, and host behavior/brain processes, explores underlying mechanisms, and discusses factors influencing dietary intervention responsiveness and the microbiota's role in modulating diet's effects on brain health.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"7 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0418
Ibrahim Lanre Folorunsho, Nkechinyere Mary Harry, Daniel Chidiebere Udegbe, Dafe Jessa
This literature review explores the impact of oxytocin on social bonding and its potential as a treatment for social anxiety disorder (SAD). The review synthesizes recent findings on oxytocin's biological and neurochemical aspects, its role in social bonding across species, and its implications for social anxiety. Studies consistently show oxytocin's involvement in trust, empathy, and attachment formation. Neuroimaging research reveals oxytocin's effects on key brain regions involved in social cognition and anxiety regulation, particularly the amygdala and prefrontal cortex. Clinical trials investigating intranasal oxytocin administration for SAD have yielded promising but mixed results, highlighting the need for personalized approaches considering individual differences in oxytocin system functioning. The review also discusses challenges in developing oxytocin-based treatments, including optimal dosing, long-term efficacy, and potential side effects. Future research directions are proposed, emphasizing the importance of large-scale clinical trials, long-term studies, and interdisciplinary approaches to fully elucidate oxytocin's therapeutic potential for SAD.
这篇文献综述探讨了催产素对社交关系的影响，以及催产素治疗社交焦虑症（SAD）的潜力。该综述综述了有关催产素的生物学和神经化学方面的最新研究成果、催产素在不同物种的社会联系中的作用，以及催产素对社交焦虑症的影响。研究一致表明，催产素参与了信任、移情和依恋的形成。神经影像学研究揭示了催产素对参与社会认知和焦虑调节的关键脑区的影响，尤其是杏仁核和前额叶皮层。研究鼻内注射催产素治疗 SAD 的临床试验取得了令人鼓舞的结果，但结果参差不齐，这凸显了考虑催产素系统功能个体差异的个性化方法的必要性。综述还讨论了开发基于催产素的治疗方法所面临的挑战，包括最佳剂量、长期疗效和潜在副作用。文章提出了未来的研究方向，强调了大规模临床试验、长期研究和跨学科方法的重要性，以充分阐明催产素对 SAD 的治疗潜力。
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