Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0441
Roshika Fernando
Endometriosis is defined by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue outside the uterus, frequently located on pelvic organs such as the fallopian tubes and ovaries, and occasionally beyond the pelvic region. This condition manifests as dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and subfertility. Despite extensive research, the etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis remain unclear, with laparoscopy being the definitive diagnostic method. The association between endometriosis and infertility has been extensively debated. Endometriosis can impair fertility by disrupting embryo implantation, altering hormone levels, and compromising oocyte quality. This literature review aims to examine the effects of endometriosis on female fertility. The review encompasses documents from clinical trials with control groups involving 196 to 22,416 reproductive-age participants (25-42 years), and case studies published over the past thirty-seven years from various regions (USA, Australia, Turkey, Africa, and Europe. Reputable databases such as BMJ, NEJM, Elsevier, AJR, Medline, and PubMed were utilized, with references compiled in the bibliography. A risk-benefit analysis indicates that up to 50% of women with endometriosis experience infertility. Consensus on treatment options remains elusive. The relationship between endometriosis and infertility is supported by studies of both fertile and infertile women, animal studies, donor sperm studies, and in vitro fertilization outcomes. Diagnostic methodologies based on endometrial changes are providing insights into potential mechanisms of infertility, especially in women with milder disease. However, clinical management of endometriosis-related infertility has not shown conclusive success beyond in vitro fertilization.
{"title":"The effect of endometriosis on the fertility of women","authors":"Roshika Fernando","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0441","url":null,"abstract":"Endometriosis is defined by the presence of ectopic endometrial tissue outside the uterus, frequently located on pelvic organs such as the fallopian tubes and ovaries, and occasionally beyond the pelvic region. This condition manifests as dysmenorrhea, chronic pelvic pain, dyspareunia, and subfertility. Despite extensive research, the etiology and pathogenesis of endometriosis remain unclear, with laparoscopy being the definitive diagnostic method. The association between endometriosis and infertility has been extensively debated. Endometriosis can impair fertility by disrupting embryo implantation, altering hormone levels, and compromising oocyte quality. This literature review aims to examine the effects of endometriosis on female fertility. The review encompasses documents from clinical trials with control groups involving 196 to 22,416 reproductive-age participants (25-42 years), and case studies published over the past thirty-seven years from various regions (USA, Australia, Turkey, Africa, and Europe. Reputable databases such as BMJ, NEJM, Elsevier, AJR, Medline, and PubMed were utilized, with references compiled in the bibliography. A risk-benefit analysis indicates that up to 50% of women with endometriosis experience infertility. Consensus on treatment options remains elusive. The relationship between endometriosis and infertility is supported by studies of both fertile and infertile women, animal studies, donor sperm studies, and in vitro fertilization outcomes. Diagnostic methodologies based on endometrial changes are providing insights into potential mechanisms of infertility, especially in women with milder disease. However, clinical management of endometriosis-related infertility has not shown conclusive success beyond in vitro fertilization.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"5 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0448
Callistus Obinna Elegbua, Augustine Duke Onyeabochukwu, Henry Ifeanyi Obani, Angela Adaku Elegbua, Kingsley Chukwu Episteme Obioha, Matthew Ikechukwu Eze, Emmanuel Adeola Adekanye, Vincent Chinedu Ani
Background: Failed induction of labour is a challenge to both the Obstetrician and patients and remains a common cause of primary caesarean section. Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue has been frequently used for cervical ripening and induction of labour with variable outcomes and Hyoscine N-Butyl bromide, which is a smooth muscle relaxant, has been studied widely for its use in labour. The combined effect of both drugs for cervical ripening and labour induction may have a better outcome in labour. Objectives: To compare the impact of combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol as opposed to vaginal misoprostol alone on the median number of misoprostol insertion and time to achieve full cervical ripening in post-date pregnancies in Federal Medical Center Owerri, Nigeria. Study Design: A randomised double blinded clinical trial involving post-date pregnant women who received combined imtramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol and those who received vaginal misoprostol only for cervical ripening and induction of labour. Methodology: A total of 130 postdated pregnant women who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study by systematic sampling. These were equal number of 65 participants each as case and control. They were matched for gestational age and social status. The case group received both vaginal misoprostol and intramuscular hyosine while the control received vaginal misoprostol alone for cervical ripening and induction of labour The results were analysed using SPSS version 21 with appropriate tables and figures generated. Results: The mean induction-delivery interval was (18.74±3.00 hours) in women who were given vaginal misoprostol + placebo and (16.6 ±3.00 hours) in those who received both vaginal misoprostol and intramuscular hyoscine. The median number of misoprostol inserted in the placebo group was 2 (2,3) while for hyoscine group it was 3(2,3). The mode of delivery between the hyoscine group and the control group did not show any statistically significant difference (P=0.152). Conclusion: The combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour as opposed to vaginal misoprostol alone reduces the median number of misoprostol insertion as well as the time to achieve full cervical ripening. Recommendations: The use of combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour should be routinely implemented and also the use of hyoscine pessaries with vaginal misoprostol can be studied to see if there would be a different outcome.
{"title":"Impact of combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol on the median number of misoprostol insertion and time to achieve full cervical ripening in post-date pregnancies in federal medical center Owerri, Nigeria","authors":"Callistus Obinna Elegbua, Augustine Duke Onyeabochukwu, Henry Ifeanyi Obani, Angela Adaku Elegbua, Kingsley Chukwu Episteme Obioha, Matthew Ikechukwu Eze, Emmanuel Adeola Adekanye, Vincent Chinedu Ani","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0448","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0448","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Failed induction of labour is a challenge to both the Obstetrician and patients and remains a common cause of primary caesarean section. Misoprostol, a prostaglandin E1 analogue has been frequently used for cervical ripening and induction of labour with variable outcomes and Hyoscine N-Butyl bromide, which is a smooth muscle relaxant, has been studied widely for its use in labour. The combined effect of both drugs for cervical ripening and labour induction may have a better outcome in labour. Objectives: To compare the impact of combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol as opposed to vaginal misoprostol alone on the median number of misoprostol insertion and time to achieve full cervical ripening in post-date pregnancies in Federal Medical Center Owerri, Nigeria. Study Design: A randomised double blinded clinical trial involving post-date pregnant women who received combined imtramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol and those who received vaginal misoprostol only for cervical ripening and induction of labour. Methodology: A total of 130 postdated pregnant women who satisfied the inclusion criteria were recruited for the study by systematic sampling. These were equal number of 65 participants each as case and control. They were matched for gestational age and social status. The case group received both vaginal misoprostol and intramuscular hyosine while the control received vaginal misoprostol alone for cervical ripening and induction of labour The results were analysed using SPSS version 21 with appropriate tables and figures generated. Results: The mean induction-delivery interval was (18.74±3.00 hours) in women who were given vaginal misoprostol + placebo and (16.6 ±3.00 hours) in those who received both vaginal misoprostol and intramuscular hyoscine. The median number of misoprostol inserted in the placebo group was 2 (2,3) while for hyoscine group it was 3(2,3). The mode of delivery between the hyoscine group and the control group did not show any statistically significant difference (P=0.152). Conclusion: The combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour as opposed to vaginal misoprostol alone reduces the median number of misoprostol insertion as well as the time to achieve full cervical ripening. Recommendations: The use of combined intramuscular hyoscine and vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening and induction of labour should be routinely implemented and also the use of hyoscine pessaries with vaginal misoprostol can be studied to see if there would be a different outcome.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"3 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795859","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0450
Mudathir Ahmed Hamid, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed Omer, Fawzia E.M. Elbashir, Neazar Essam Bagdadi, Magd Ahmed Almalky
This review aims to demonstrate the usability of radiolabeled iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) as PET imaging contrast agents and their perspectives in biomedical research and clinical practice. Magnetite and maghemite IONPs are superparamagnetic and released for multiple biomedical uses. Combining these nanoparticles with PET imaging significantly improves diagnostic capacities and treatment outcomes. Chelating agents and direct incorporation during synthesis are two techniques used in radiolabeling of nanoparticles to monitor particles in vivo. The review covers the background information on PET imaging, the opportunities provided by IONPs, and possible difficulties when using them. With new advancements in bimodal IONP templates, it is possible to use MRI and PET simultaneously for single-cell resolution imaging. The prospects centre on improving IONP safety and efficiency, utilizing nanomaterials with the 52Mn label, and applying IONPs in multimodal imaging. Copper-64 has also emerged as applicable in nuclear medicine, particularly in cancer diagnosis, using the copper-64 as a radiolabeling agent. These new generation automobiles of radiolabeled IONPs for PET imaging are a significant advancement to molecular and cellular imaging with possible enhancements in diagnostic precision and elements of precision medicine.
本综述旨在说明放射性标记氧化铁纳米粒子（IONPs）作为 PET 成像对比剂的可用性及其在生物医学研究和临床实践中的前景。磁铁矿和磁铁矿 IONPs 具有超顺磁性，可用于多种生物医学用途。将这些纳米粒子与 PET 成像相结合可显著提高诊断能力和治疗效果。螯合剂和合成过程中的直接掺入是纳米颗粒放射性标记的两种技术，用于监测颗粒在体内的情况。本综述涉及 PET 成像的背景信息、IONPs 带来的机遇以及使用它们时可能遇到的困难。随着双模 IONP 模板的新进展，有可能同时使用 MRI 和 PET 进行单细胞分辨率成像。前景主要集中在提高 IONP 的安全性和效率、利用带有 52Mn 标记的纳米材料以及将 IONP 应用于多模态成像。使用铜-64 作为放射性标记剂，还可用于核医学，特别是癌症诊断。这些用于 PET 成像的新一代放射性标记 IONP 汽车是分子和细胞成像的重大进步，可能会提高诊断精度和精准医疗的要素。
{"title":"Positron emission tomography imaging using radiolabeled iron oxide nanomaterials","authors":"Mudathir Ahmed Hamid, Mohammed Ibrahim Mohammed Omer, Fawzia E.M. Elbashir, Neazar Essam Bagdadi, Magd Ahmed Almalky","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0450","url":null,"abstract":"This review aims to demonstrate the usability of radiolabeled iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) as PET imaging contrast agents and their perspectives in biomedical research and clinical practice. Magnetite and maghemite IONPs are superparamagnetic and released for multiple biomedical uses. Combining these nanoparticles with PET imaging significantly improves diagnostic capacities and treatment outcomes. Chelating agents and direct incorporation during synthesis are two techniques used in radiolabeling of nanoparticles to monitor particles in vivo. The review covers the background information on PET imaging, the opportunities provided by IONPs, and possible difficulties when using them. With new advancements in bimodal IONP templates, it is possible to use MRI and PET simultaneously for single-cell resolution imaging. The prospects centre on improving IONP safety and efficiency, utilizing nanomaterials with the 52Mn label, and applying IONPs in multimodal imaging. Copper-64 has also emerged as applicable in nuclear medicine, particularly in cancer diagnosis, using the copper-64 as a radiolabeling agent. These new generation automobiles of radiolabeled IONPs for PET imaging are a significant advancement to molecular and cellular imaging with possible enhancements in diagnostic precision and elements of precision medicine.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"7 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0421
SAKSHI BALI, Poonam Gupta, Ammana Sharma
Kasa is one of the pathological conditions explained in many contexts in Ayurvedic texts. Kasa may develop as an independent disease, a lakshana associative to other disease or as Upadrava of a disease. Understanding and differentiating the Kasa is most important to treat the condition effectively. In the present era Kasa is the most common disease affecting a large aged population. Kasa is one of the Pranvaha Strotodusthijanya Vyadhi. The vitiated Prana Vayu along with Udana Vayu which further gets aggravated in association with other Doshas and expelled out forcefully with a “coughing sound” like the broken bronze vessel, called as Kasa. In Ayurveda, based on the similarity in signs and symptoms, the Kasa nearest correlation is Bronchitis.
{"title":"Kasa Vyadhi: A Literature review","authors":"SAKSHI BALI, Poonam Gupta, Ammana Sharma","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0421","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0421","url":null,"abstract":"Kasa is one of the pathological conditions explained in many contexts in Ayurvedic texts. Kasa may develop as an independent disease, a lakshana associative to other disease or as Upadrava of a disease. Understanding and differentiating the Kasa is most important to treat the condition effectively. In the present era Kasa is the most common disease affecting a large aged population. Kasa is one of the Pranvaha Strotodusthijanya Vyadhi. The vitiated Prana Vayu along with Udana Vayu which further gets aggravated in association with other Doshas and expelled out forcefully with a “coughing sound” like the broken bronze vessel, called as Kasa. In Ayurveda, based on the similarity in signs and symptoms, the Kasa nearest correlation is Bronchitis.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"1 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The eyes are one of the body's most significant and intricate organs, able to capture visual images and send them as signals via the optic nerve to the brain. The ocular transport of the medicine has been one of the challenging tasks for drug researchers because of the amazing development of the eye, which stifles the part of the prescription molecules into the perfect spot. The external visual course is the most often used method of medicine administration for treating visual diseases. Drugs used intraocularly that are topically controlled have very little visual bioavailability. A significant amount of medication is lost as a result of dose structure spilling brought on by tear turnover and nasolacrimal seepage weakening. Therefore, 1–10% of the medicine reaches the cornea. Voriconazole is the drug used in the treatment of fungal keratitis. Various polymers are screened out & among them, K-Carrageenan & Xanthan gum were used for the preparation of various formulations. Drug loaded with voriconazole was optimized using DOE experimental design with concentration of K- Carrageenan (X1), concentration of Xanthan gum(X2) as a dependent variable while Viscosity (Y1), Percent drug release(Y2) as a dependable variable. All the formulated batches were characterized for clarity, pH, drug content, gelling capacity, viscosity, in vitro drug release, accelerated stability study. An optimized batch was evaluated & showed there was no significant difference between them. The stability study suggested the formulation did not show any significant changes in drug content, viscosity, pH, gelling capacity & percent drug release. Conclusion-An ion sensitive ophthalmic in situ gel of antifungal agent using natural polymer will be serves as an alternative dosage form to reduce frequent dosing & safe.
眼睛是人体最重要、最复杂的器官之一，能够捕捉视觉图像，并通过视神经将其作为信号发送到大脑。药物的眼部运输一直是药物研究人员面临的挑战性任务之一，因为眼睛的发育令人惊叹，它能将部分处方分子扼杀在最佳位置。外用视觉疗法是治疗视觉疾病最常用的给药方法。局部控制的眼内用药在视觉上的生物利用度非常低。由于泪液周转和鼻泪管渗出减弱导致剂量结构溢出，大量药物流失。因此，只有 1-10% 的药物到达角膜。伏立康唑是治疗真菌性角膜炎的药物。我们筛选了各种聚合物，其中 K 角叉菜胶和黄原胶被用于制备各种配方。采用 DOE 实验设计法对装载伏立康唑的药物进行了优化，K-卡拉胶浓度（X1）、黄原胶浓度（X2）为因变量，粘度（Y1）、药物释放百分比（Y2）为依赖变量。对所有配制的批次进行了透明度、pH 值、药物含量、胶凝能力、粘度、体外药物释放和加速稳定性研究。对优化批次进行了评估，结果表明它们之间没有显著差异。稳定性研究表明，该制剂在药物含量、粘度、pH 值、胶凝能力和药物释放率方面均无明显变化。结论--使用天然聚合物制成的抗真菌剂离子敏感眼用原位凝胶将作为一种替代剂型，可减少用药次数，且安全可靠。
{"title":"Formulation and evaluation of voriconazole loaded ophthalmic in situ gel using a natural polymer","authors":"Prerana Shantinath Husukale, Indrajeet Damodar Gonjari, Nikita Harekrishna Gurav","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0411","url":null,"abstract":"The eyes are one of the body's most significant and intricate organs, able to capture visual images and send them as signals via the optic nerve to the brain. The ocular transport of the medicine has been one of the challenging tasks for drug researchers because of the amazing development of the eye, which stifles the part of the prescription molecules into the perfect spot. The external visual course is the most often used method of medicine administration for treating visual diseases. Drugs used intraocularly that are topically controlled have very little visual bioavailability. A significant amount of medication is lost as a result of dose structure spilling brought on by tear turnover and nasolacrimal seepage weakening. Therefore, 1–10% of the medicine reaches the cornea. Voriconazole is the drug used in the treatment of fungal keratitis. Various polymers are screened out & among them, K-Carrageenan & Xanthan gum were used for the preparation of various formulations. Drug loaded with voriconazole was optimized using DOE experimental design with concentration of K- Carrageenan (X1), concentration of Xanthan gum(X2) as a dependent variable while Viscosity (Y1), Percent drug release(Y2) as a dependable variable. All the formulated batches were characterized for clarity, pH, drug content, gelling capacity, viscosity, in vitro drug release, accelerated stability study. An optimized batch was evaluated & showed there was no significant difference between them. The stability study suggested the formulation did not show any significant changes in drug content, viscosity, pH, gelling capacity & percent drug release. Conclusion-An ion sensitive ophthalmic in situ gel of antifungal agent using natural polymer will be serves as an alternative dosage form to reduce frequent dosing & safe.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"1 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0427
Wasan Mahdi Al-Ghanimi, Noufel Sh. Al-Shadood, Hiba D. Al-Ameri
Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common malignant tumor worldwide and the leading cause of cancer death among women in developing regions, including the Middle East and North Africa. This study aims to evaluate Mammogram Density Estimation for Assessing Breast Cancer Risk in Intermediate-Risk Women at Warith International Cancer Institution. Methods: The study included 261 women aged 40-78 who visited the Warith International Cancer Institution in Karbala, Iraq, between May 2023 and April 2024. Participants were divided into two groups based on mammographic breast density (MBD) according to the BI-RADS classification: non-dense (fatty and scattered fibroglandular) and dense (heterogeneously dense and dense) breasts. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and the association between breast density and various breast conditions was analyzed using logistic regression. Results: For malignant cases, the odds ratio (OR) for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was 1.04, suggesting no significant difference in the likelihood of IDC between dense and non-dense breasts. The OR for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) was 1.60, indicating a slightly higher, but not statistically significant, likelihood of DCIS in dense breasts. The overall OR for malignant cases was 1.26, showing a trend towards a higher likelihood of malignancy in dense breasts, but it was not statistically significant. For benign conditions, the OR for fibrocystic changes was 1.76, suggesting a higher likelihood in dense breasts, but the results were not statistically significant. Similarly, the ORs for fibroadenoma (1.27) and simple cysts (1.40) showed a slight increase in dense breasts but without statistical significance. Abscess and duct ectasia were less likely in dense breasts, but the results were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that some breast conditions may be more common in dense breasts, but the differences are not statistically significant in many cases. Further targeted research is needed to understand better the relationships between breast density and various breast pathologies.
导言：乳腺癌是全球第二大最常见的恶性肿瘤，也是包括中东和北非在内的发展中地区妇女癌症死亡的主要原因。本研究旨在评估华理斯国际癌症研究所采用乳腺 X 线造影密度估算法评估中危妇女乳腺癌风险的情况。研究方法研究对象包括 2023 年 5 月至 2024 年 4 月期间前往伊拉克卡尔巴拉 Warith 国际癌症研究所就诊的 261 名 40-78 岁女性。根据 BI-RADS 分类法，按照乳房X线照相术乳房密度（MBD）将参与者分为两组：非致密型（脂肪型和散在纤维腺型）和致密型（异质致密型和致密型）乳房。研究人员收集了人口统计学和临床数据，并使用逻辑回归分析了乳腺密度与各种乳腺疾病之间的关联。结果显示在恶性病例中，浸润性导管癌（IDC）的几率比（OR）为 1.04，这表明致密乳房和非致密乳房患 IDC 的可能性没有显著差异。导管原位癌（DCIS）的OR值为1.60，表明致密乳房发生DCIS的可能性略高，但无统计学意义。恶性病例的总体 OR 值为 1.26，表明致密乳房发生恶性病变的可能性呈上升趋势，但无统计学意义。就良性病变而言，纤维囊性病变的 OR 值为 1.76，表明致密乳房发生良性病变的可能性较高，但结果无统计学意义。同样，乳腺纤维腺瘤（1.27）和单纯囊肿（1.40）的 OR 值在致密乳房中略有增加，但无统计学意义。致密乳房发生脓肿和导管异位的几率较低，但结果在统计学上无显著意义。结论研究结果表明，某些乳腺疾病可能在致密型乳房中更为常见，但在许多情况下差异并不具有统计学意义。要更好地了解乳房密度与各种乳房病变之间的关系，还需要进一步开展有针对性的研究。
{"title":"Mammogram density estimation as breast cancer risk in intermediate-risk women in Warith International Cancer Institution","authors":"Wasan Mahdi Al-Ghanimi, Noufel Sh. Al-Shadood, Hiba D. Al-Ameri","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0427","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Breast cancer is the second most common malignant tumor worldwide and the leading cause of cancer death among women in developing regions, including the Middle East and North Africa. This study aims to evaluate Mammogram Density Estimation for Assessing Breast Cancer Risk in Intermediate-Risk Women at Warith International Cancer Institution. Methods: The study included 261 women aged 40-78 who visited the Warith International Cancer Institution in Karbala, Iraq, between May 2023 and April 2024. Participants were divided into two groups based on mammographic breast density (MBD) according to the BI-RADS classification: non-dense (fatty and scattered fibroglandular) and dense (heterogeneously dense and dense) breasts. Demographic and clinical data were collected, and the association between breast density and various breast conditions was analyzed using logistic regression. Results: For malignant cases, the odds ratio (OR) for invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC) was 1.04, suggesting no significant difference in the likelihood of IDC between dense and non-dense breasts. The OR for ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) was 1.60, indicating a slightly higher, but not statistically significant, likelihood of DCIS in dense breasts. The overall OR for malignant cases was 1.26, showing a trend towards a higher likelihood of malignancy in dense breasts, but it was not statistically significant. For benign conditions, the OR for fibrocystic changes was 1.76, suggesting a higher likelihood in dense breasts, but the results were not statistically significant. Similarly, the ORs for fibroadenoma (1.27) and simple cysts (1.40) showed a slight increase in dense breasts but without statistical significance. Abscess and duct ectasia were less likely in dense breasts, but the results were not statistically significant. Conclusion: The study findings suggest that some breast conditions may be more common in dense breasts, but the differences are not statistically significant in many cases. Further targeted research is needed to understand better the relationships between breast density and various breast pathologies.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"16 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0401
SM Abdullah, Al Mamun, Munima Haque, S. Shaheed, Wahid E Sanam, Shah Faisal, Saliha Khalid
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and it enhances mortality worldwide. The global burden due to OSA is gruesome and non-negligible. In this study, we aimed to provide data on the basic demography of OSA in a tertiary hospital to create awareness and provide a guideline for assessing OSA in Bangladesh. The demographic and clinical profile of 533 obstructive sleep apnea patients in Bangladesh was a retrospective observational study precisely to say retrospective cohort study was done in the Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine at Evercare Hospitals, Dhaka, Bangladesh among admitted patients for a sleep study from October 2021 to September 2023 for 2 years. In this retrospective cohort study, we included a total of 533 patients. Among them were 372 males (70%) and 161 females (30%). Risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea are increasing age, male sex, and obesity on the scale of BMI.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因之一。OSA 给全球造成的负担是可怕的，也是不可忽视的。在这项研究中，我们旨在提供孟加拉国一家三级医院的 OSA 基本人口统计学数据，以提高人们对 OSA 的认识，并为评估 OSA 提供指导。孟加拉国 533 名阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停患者的人口统计学和临床概况是一项回顾性观察研究，确切地说，这项回顾性队列研究是在孟加拉国达卡 Evercare 医院呼吸与睡眠医学科进行的，研究对象是 2021 年 10 月至 2023 年 9 月期间接受睡眠研究的入院患者，为期 2 年。在这项回顾性队列研究中，我们共纳入了 533 名患者。其中男性 372 人（占 70%），女性 161 人（占 30%）。阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的风险因素包括年龄增长、男性和以体重指数为标准的肥胖。
{"title":"The pattern and distribution of obstructive sleep apnea in Dhaka city population","authors":"SM Abdullah, Al Mamun, Munima Haque, S. Shaheed, Wahid E Sanam, Shah Faisal, Saliha Khalid","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0401","url":null,"abstract":"Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and it enhances mortality worldwide. The global burden due to OSA is gruesome and non-negligible. In this study, we aimed to provide data on the basic demography of OSA in a tertiary hospital to create awareness and provide a guideline for assessing OSA in Bangladesh. The demographic and clinical profile of 533 obstructive sleep apnea patients in Bangladesh was a retrospective observational study precisely to say retrospective cohort study was done in the Department of Respiratory & Sleep Medicine at Evercare Hospitals, Dhaka, Bangladesh among admitted patients for a sleep study from October 2021 to September 2023 for 2 years. In this retrospective cohort study, we included a total of 533 patients. Among them were 372 males (70%) and 161 females (30%). Risk factors of obstructive sleep apnea are increasing age, male sex, and obesity on the scale of BMI.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"8 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0425
Fathima Mariyam, Naila. P
Emotional intelligence is the capacity of a person to successfully and appropriately react to a wide range of emotional inputs that are generated from the inner self and immediate environment. The present study was an attempt to examine the impact alcohol abuse on emotional intelligence among adults situated at Karnataka State. The research instruments used were Alcohol use disorder identification test and emotion quotient test. The statistical techniques used were Spearman’s Rank correlation and Mann Whitney U Test. The findings showed a positive link between the EI dimensions. There is a significant negative association between alcohol abuse and competency dimension of EI. The studies result indicates that there was no significant association between alcohol abuse and emotional intelligence. There is a significant difference in alcohol abuse-based on the level of education but no significant difference in Emotional intelligence based on the education level.
情商是指一个人对来自内心和直接环境的各种情感输入做出成功和适当反应的能力。本研究试图探讨酗酒对卡纳塔克邦成年人情商的影响。使用的研究工具是酒精使用障碍识别测试和情绪商数测试。使用的统计技术是斯皮尔曼等级相关和曼-惠特尼 U 检验。研究结果表明，情商维度之间存在正相关。酗酒与胜任能力维度之间存在明显的负相关。研究结果表明，酗酒与情商之间没有明显联系。酗酒与受教育程度有显著差异，但情商与受教育程度无显著差异。
{"title":"Alcohol Abuse and Emotional Intelligence among adults of Karnataka","authors":"Fathima Mariyam, Naila. P","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0425","url":null,"abstract":"Emotional intelligence is the capacity of a person to successfully and appropriately react to a wide range of emotional inputs that are generated from the inner self and immediate environment. The present study was an attempt to examine the impact alcohol abuse on emotional intelligence among adults situated at Karnataka State. The research instruments used were Alcohol use disorder identification test and emotion quotient test. The statistical techniques used were Spearman’s Rank correlation and Mann Whitney U Test. The findings showed a positive link between the EI dimensions. There is a significant negative association between alcohol abuse and competency dimension of EI. The studies result indicates that there was no significant association between alcohol abuse and emotional intelligence. There is a significant difference in alcohol abuse-based on the level of education but no significant difference in Emotional intelligence based on the education level.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0435
Mojeed Dayo Ajegbile, Janet Aderonke Olaboye, Chikwudi Cosmos Maha, Geneva Tamunobarafiri Igwama, Samira Abdul
This review paper explores the transformative role of data-driven initiatives in enhancing healthcare delivery and patient retention. It delves into the significant impacts of data analytics on diagnostic accuracy, predictive capabilities, operational efficiency, and patient outcomes. Additionally, the paper examines strategies for personalized patient engagement, effective patient experience management, churn prediction models, and longitudinal care. It addresses the challenges and ethical considerations related to data privacy and security, interoperability, bias and fairness, and regulatory compliance. Finally, it discusses future directions and provides recommendations for technological advancements, policy and governance, collaboration, and the sustainability and scalability of data-driven healthcare initiatives.
{"title":"The role of data-driven initiatives in enhancing healthcare delivery and patient retention","authors":"Mojeed Dayo Ajegbile, Janet Aderonke Olaboye, Chikwudi Cosmos Maha, Geneva Tamunobarafiri Igwama, Samira Abdul","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0435","url":null,"abstract":"This review paper explores the transformative role of data-driven initiatives in enhancing healthcare delivery and patient retention. It delves into the significant impacts of data analytics on diagnostic accuracy, predictive capabilities, operational efficiency, and patient outcomes. Additionally, the paper examines strategies for personalized patient engagement, effective patient experience management, churn prediction models, and longitudinal care. It addresses the challenges and ethical considerations related to data privacy and security, interoperability, bias and fairness, and regulatory compliance. Finally, it discusses future directions and provides recommendations for technological advancements, policy and governance, collaboration, and the sustainability and scalability of data-driven healthcare initiatives.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"3 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141796162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-30DOI: 10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0440
C.BHAVYA REDDY, Naila. P
The study investigates the connection between attachment style and relationship satisfaction. Attachment theory suggests that early experiences with caregiver's shape individuals' attachment styles, influencing their behaviors and emotions in adult relationships. The present study focuses on three main attachment styles close attachment, depend attachment and anxious attachment. Measures of attachment styles (RAAS) and relationship satisfaction (RAS) were completed by a sample of (120) participants both genders combined. The statistical techniques used were correlation and one way ANOVA. The results revealed negative correlation between anxious attachment style and relationship satisfaction. Also, there is no difference in attachment style and relationship satisfaction based on gender. And there is no difference in relationship satisfaction based on work status.
{"title":"Attachment style and relationship satisfaction among early adults","authors":"C.BHAVYA REDDY, Naila. P","doi":"10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0440","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30574/wjbphs.2024.19.1.0440","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the connection between attachment style and relationship satisfaction. Attachment theory suggests that early experiences with caregiver's shape individuals' attachment styles, influencing their behaviors and emotions in adult relationships. The present study focuses on three main attachment styles close attachment, depend attachment and anxious attachment. Measures of attachment styles (RAAS) and relationship satisfaction (RAS) were completed by a sample of (120) participants both genders combined. The statistical techniques used were correlation and one way ANOVA. The results revealed negative correlation between anxious attachment style and relationship satisfaction. Also, there is no difference in attachment style and relationship satisfaction based on gender. And there is no difference in relationship satisfaction based on work status.","PeriodicalId":23738,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141795635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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