World Mycotoxin Journal最新文献

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The impact of management practices to prevent and control mycotoxins in the European food supply chain: MyToolBox project results 欧洲食品供应链中预防和控制真菌毒素的管理实践的影响:MyToolBox项目结果

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2020.2588

M. Focker, H. J. Fels-Klerx, N. Magan, S. Edwards, M. Grahovac, F. Bagi, D. Budakov, M. Suman, G. Schatzmayr, R. Krska, M. Nijs

The presence of mycotoxins in cereals has led to large economic losses in Europe. In the course of the European project MyToolBox, prevention and control measures to reduce mycotoxin contamination in cereals were developed. This study aimed to estimate the impact of these prevention and control measures on both the reduction in crop losses and the increased volume of crops suitable for food and/or feed. It focused on the following measures: the use of fungicides during wheat cultivation, the use of resistant maize cultivars and/or biocontrol during maize cultivation, the use of real time sensors in storage silos, the use of innovative milling strategies during the pasta making process, and the employment of degrading enzymes during the process of bioethanol and Dried Distillers Grains with Solubles (DDGS) production. The impact assessment was based on the annual volume of cereals produced, the annual levels of mycotoxin contamination, and experimental data on the prevention and control measures collected in the course of the MyToolBox project. Results are expressed in terms of reduced volumes of cereals lost, or as additional volumes of cereals available for food meeting the current European legal limits. Results showed that a reduction in crop losses as well as an increase in the volume of crops suitable as food and/or feed is feasible with each proposed prevention or control measure along the supply chain. The impact was the largest in areas and in years with the highest mycotoxin contamination levels but would have less impact in years with low mycotoxin levels. In further research, the impact assessment may be validated using future data from more years and European sites. Decision makers in the food and feed supply chain can use this impact assessment to decide on the relevant prevention and control strategies to apply.

谷物中真菌毒素的存在给欧洲造成了巨大的经济损失。在欧洲MyToolBox项目的过程中，制定了减少谷物中霉菌毒素污染的预防和控制措施。本研究旨在估计这些预防和控制措施对减少作物损失和增加适于食用和/或饲料的作物数量的影响。重点研究了以下措施:在小麦种植过程中使用杀菌剂，在玉米种植过程中使用抗性玉米品种和/或生物防治，在储存筒仓中使用实时传感器，在面食制作过程中使用创新碾磨策略，以及在生物乙醇和干酒糟(DDGS)生产过程中使用降解酶。影响评估的依据是谷物年产量、霉菌毒素污染年度水平以及MyToolBox项目期间收集的防控措施实验数据。结果以减少的谷物损失量来表示，或者以满足当前欧洲法律限制的可用于食品的额外谷物量来表示。结果表明，在供应链上采取每一项拟议的预防或控制措施，减少作物损失以及增加适合作为食物和/或饲料的作物数量是可行的。在霉菌毒素污染水平最高的地区和年份，影响最大，但在霉菌毒素水平较低的年份，影响较小。在进一步的研究中，可能会使用来自更多年份和欧洲站点的未来数据来验证影响评估。食品和饲料供应链中的决策者可以使用这种影响评估来决定适用的相关预防和控制策略。

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引用次数: 8

Aflatoxin production by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus on deoiled ground nyjer seeds 黄曲霉菌和寄生曲霉菌在脱脂毛胚上产生黄曲霉毒素的研究

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-02-08 DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2020.2623

D. Gizachew, Chih-Hsuan Chang, B. Szonyi, W. Ting

Nyjer seeds are oil rich (35-40% oil content) seeds of the plant Guizotia abyssinica, which is closely related to sunflower. They are pressed mechanically for cooking oil in Ethiopia and elsewhere....

奈杰尔种子是和向日葵亲缘关系密切的深海龟属植物的富含油脂（含油量为35-40%）的种子。在埃塞俄比亚和其他地方，它们被机械压榨成食用油。。。。

引用次数: 1

Foreword 前言

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-02-03 DOI: 10.3920/wmj2021.x001

F. Berthiller

引用次数: 0

Frequency of three mutations in the fumonisin biosynthetic gene cluster of Fusarium fujikuroi that are predicted to block fumonisin production Fusarium fujikuroi伏马菌素生物合成基因簇中三个突变的频率，预测这些突变会阻碍伏马菌毒素的产生

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-01-22 DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2020.2572

Sharmin Sultana, W. Bao, M. Shimizu, K. Kageyama, H. Suga

Fusarium fujikuroi is the most prominent pathogen found in rice. In addition to gibberellin, F. fujikuroi produces various secondary metabolites, including the polyketide mycotoxins, fumonisins. Fu...

藤黑镰刀菌是水稻中最主要的病原菌。除赤霉素外，F. fujikuroi产生各种次生代谢物，包括聚酮类真菌毒素、伏马毒素。傅……

引用次数: 4

Preventive effects of the antioxidant and antigenotoxic Achyrocline satureioides extract against zearalenone-induced mammal cytogenotoxicity and histological damage 抗氧化和抗基因毒性盐酸阿克环素提取物对玉米赤霉烯酮诱导的哺乳动物细胞毒性和组织损伤的预防作用

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-01-22 DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2020.2571

M. C. Sabini, L. Cariddi, F. Escobar, F. Mañas, D. Roma, F. M. Candela, G. Bagnis, E. Soria, L. Sabini, A. Dalcero

Zearalenone (ZEN), a Fusarium’s mycotoxin, is immunotoxic, genotoxic, hepatonephrotoxic and, affects the reproductive system. ZEN induces toxic and genotoxic effects on humans and other animals. Ac...

玉米赤霉烯酮（ZEN）是镰刀菌的真菌毒素，具有免疫毒性、遗传毒性、肝肾毒性，并影响生殖系统。ZEN对人类和其他动物具有毒性和遗传毒性作用。Ac。。。

引用次数: 2

Encapsulation of hemin in Fe-based metal-organic frameworks and its application for the direct determination of aflatoxin M1 铁基金属有机骨架包封血红素及其在黄曲霉毒素M1直接检测中的应用

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-01-17 DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2020.2578

F. Jahangiri–Dehaghani, H. Zare, Z. Shekari

A label-free electrochemical aptasensor was constructed for the sensitive and selective determination of AFM1. For preparation of the aptasensor, the AFM1 aptamer was immobilised on the surface of ...

建立了一种灵敏、选择性测定AFM1的无标记电化学感应传感器。为了制备适配体，将AFM1适配体固定在…

引用次数: 3

Fusarium mycotoxin content and Fusarium species presence in Czech organic and conventional wheat 捷克有机小麦和常规小麦中镰刀菌毒素含量和镰刀菌种的存在

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-01-17 DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2020.2589

I. Polišenská, O. Jirsa, J. Salava, I. Sedláčková, J. Frydrych

Deoxynivalenol and zearalenone content and the presence of Fusarium species in organically and conventionally grown wheat harvested in the Czech Republic during 2015-2017 were studied. Mycotoxin co...

研究了2015-2017年捷克共和国收获的有机和常规种植小麦中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇和玉米赤霉烯酮的含量以及镰刀菌属物种的存在。真菌毒素公司。。。

引用次数: 3

Risks of aflatoxin exposure among adolescents in boarding schools in Kilimanjaro region, Tanzania 坦桑尼亚乞力马扎罗山地区寄宿学校青少年黄曲霉毒素暴露风险

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-01-17 DOI: 10.3920/WMJ2020.2570

C. Nicholaus, H. Martin, A. Matemu, J. Kimiywe, N. Kassim

School feeding in low-income countries is dominated by cereals and legumes, which are susceptible to aflatoxin contamination but are usually not assessed for aflatoxins. A cross sectional study was...

低收入国家的学校饮食主要是谷物和豆类，它们容易受到黄曲霉毒素污染，但通常不会进行黄曲霉毒素评估。一项横断面研究是。。。

引用次数: 2

Aflatoxin and the Etiology of Liver Cancer and Its Implications for Guatemala. 黄曲霉毒素与肝癌的病因及其对危地马拉的影响。

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2021-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-04-07 DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.2641

John D Groopman, Joshua W Smith, Alvaro Rivera-Andrade, Christian S Alvarez, María F Kroker-Lobos, Patricia A Egner, Eduardo Gharzouzi, Michael Dean, Katherine A McGlynn, Manuel Ramírez-Zea

During the 60 years since the first scientific reports about a relation between aflatoxin exposure and adverse health consequences, both in animals and humans, there has been a remarkable number of basic, clinical and population science studies characterizing the impact of this mycotoxin on diseases such as liver cancer. Many of these human investigations to date have focused on populations residing in Asia and Africa due to the high incidence of liver cancer and high exposures to aflatoxin. These studies formed the basis for the International Agency for Research on Cancer to classify the aflatoxins as Group 1 known human carcinogens. In addition, aflatoxin contamination levels have been used in international commodity trade to set the price of various staples such as maize and groundnuts. While there have been many case-control and prospective cohort studies of liver cancer risk over the years there have been remarkably few investigations focused on liver cancer in Latin America. Our interdisciplinary and multiple institutional collaborative has been developing a long-term strategy to characterize the role of aflatoxin and other mycotoxins as health risk factors in Guatemala and neighboring countries. This paper summarizes a number of the investigations to date and provides a roadmap of our strategies for the near term to discern the emergent etiology of liver cancer in this region. With these data in hand public health-based prevention strategies could be strategically implemented and conducted to lower the impact of these mycotoxins on human health.

自首次有科学报告指出接触黄曲霉毒素与对动物和人类健康的不良影响之间的关系以来，60 年间已经开展了大量的基础、临床和人群科学研究，以确定这种霉菌毒素对肝癌等疾病的影响。由于亚洲和非洲是肝癌的高发区，黄曲霉毒素的摄入量也很高，因此迄今为止的许多人类研究都集中在这两个地区。这些研究为国际癌症研究机构将黄曲霉毒素列为第一类已知人类致癌物奠定了基础。此外，在国际商品贸易中，黄曲霉毒素污染水平被用来确定玉米和花生等各种主食的价格。多年来，虽然有许多关于肝癌风险的病例对照和前瞻性队列研究，但针对拉丁美洲肝癌的调查却少得可怜。我们的跨学科和多机构合作团队一直在制定一项长期战略，以确定黄曲霉毒素和其他霉菌毒素作为健康风险因素在危地马拉及其邻国的作用。本文总结了迄今为止开展的一些调查，并为我们近期的战略提供了路线图，以确定该地区肝癌的新病因。有了这些数据，我们就可以战略性地实施以公共卫生为基础的预防战略，以降低这些霉菌毒素对人类健康的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Awareness, handling and storage factors associated with aflatoxin contamination in spices marketed in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania 在坦桑尼亚达累斯萨拉姆销售的香料中与黄曲霉毒素污染有关的认识、处理和储存因素

IF 2 4区医学 Q3 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

World Mycotoxin Journal

Pub Date : 2020-12-04 DOI: 10.3920/wmj2020.2590

S. Fundikira, S. D. Saeger, M. Kimanya, J. Mugula

A structured questionnaire was used to collect information of awareness, knowledge and practices associated with aflatoxin contamination in spices from 30 retailers in Dar es Salaam. Aflatoxin contamination in spices was analysed using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detection using post column derivatization. Data were statistically analysed to assess factors associated with aflatoxin contamination in the study community. 58% of the spice samples were contaminated and the mean of total aflatoxin level in ginger, cinnamon, cloves and cardamom was 2.67, 2.88, 2.79 and 2.26 μg/kg, respectively. Significant majorities (96.7%) of the respondents were not aware of aflatoxin contamination of spices during storage and its effect on health. Farmers as source where spices were procured and storage time of more than 14 days showed significant association with aflatoxin contamination with odds ratio (OR) = 0.178, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.061-0.525, P=0.002 and OR=3.608, 95% CI=1.099-11.845, P=0.034, respectively. This is the first report of aflatoxin contamination in spices consumed in Tanzania. The levels of contamination are high and associated spices that was procured from farmers and long storage time. This calls for urgent raising of awareness and knowledge on good management practices for prevention of aflatoxin contamination of spices in Tanzania.

使用结构化问卷收集了达累斯萨拉姆30家零售商对香料中黄曲霉毒素污染的认识、知识和做法的信息。采用高效液相色谱法（HPLC）和柱后衍生化荧光检测法对香料中的黄曲霉毒素污染进行了分析。对数据进行统计分析，以评估研究社区中与黄曲霉毒素污染相关的因素。58%的香料样品被污染，生姜、肉桂、丁香和豆蔻中的总黄曲霉毒素平均水平分别为2.67、2.88、2.79和2.26μg/kg。绝大多数（96.7%）受访者不知道香料在储存过程中受到黄曲霉毒素污染及其对健康的影响。作为香料采购来源和储存时间超过14天的农民与黄曲霉毒素污染显著相关，比值比（OR）分别为0.178，95%置信区间（CI）为0.061-0.525，P=0.002和OR=3.608，95%可信区间为1.099-11.845，P=0.034。这是坦桑尼亚食用香料中黄曲霉毒素污染的第一份报告。污染程度高，相关香料是从农民那里采购的，储存时间长。这要求在坦桑尼亚紧急提高对预防香料黄曲霉毒素污染的良好管理做法的认识和知识。

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引用次数: 3

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