中华劳动卫生职业病杂志最新文献

Objective: To analyse the characteristics of micronuclus and chromosomal aberrations and the lens opacity in different working years, ages and work type of radiation workers with lens opacity. Methods: In January 2022, we selected 400 radiation workers with lens opacity who had undergone occupational health examination in Hangzhou Hospital for the Prevention and Treatment of Occupational Disease from March 2014 to December 2021 as research objects. To analyze the differences of micronucleus, chromosome aberration and the lens opacification rates of different length of service, type of work, age radiologic workers. Results: The results showed that radiation the micronucleus abnormality (0.59‰) and chromosome aberration (2.67%) in peripheral blood in workers who served more than 20 years were significantly higher than that of micronucleus abnormality (0.18‰) and chromosome aberration (0.31%) in workers served less than 20 years, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The micronucleus abnormality (0.32‰) and chromosome aberration (0.57%) in the interventionist were higher than oral radiation workers (0.12‰ and 0.19%) and diagnostic radiologist (0.05‰ and 0.12%), the differences were statistically signcficant (χ(2)=23.98, 6.72, P<0.05) . Conclusion: The rates of micronucleus and chromosome aberration of the interventionaist are higher than oral radiation workers and the traditional radiologist. Workers engaged in radiation should improve personal protection and undertake regular occupational health examinations.

Objective: To analyze the disease burden of Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (NIHL) in China from 1990 to 2019, forecast the disease burden of NIHL from 2020 to 2030, and provide data support for the prevention and control of NIHL. Methods: In July 2022, the disease burden data of NIHL in different age groups and genders in China during 1990-2019 were selected from the GBD database. The Jointpoint regression model was established to analyze the trend of the disease burden of NIHL in China. An age-period-cohort model was constructed to analyze the changing trend of NIHL in terms of age, period, and cohort, and a Bayesian age-period-cohort model was developed to predict the disease burden of NIHL in China from 2020 to 2030. Results: From 1990 to 2019, the disability adjusted life year (DALY) of China's NIHL increased from 1361600 to 2327700 years. The coarse rate of DALY increased from 115.03/100000 to 163.65/100000 (AAPC=1.23, P<0.001), and the normalization rate of DALY decreased from 127.67/100000 to 119.83/100000 (AAPC=-0.21, P<0.001). It is predicted that from 2020 to 2030, the DALYs of China's NIHL will increase from 2412900 in 2020 to 2655000 in 2030, and the DALY normalization rate will decrease from 241.29/100000 in 2020 to 125.71/100000 in 2030. Conclusion: The burden of noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) in China is significant and should not be overlooked. To reduce this burden, we need to focus on strengthening source management, process control, personal protection, and comprehensive prevention and treatment through various methods.

Acute ethylene glycol poisoning often leads to acute kidney injury, and delays in diagnosis and treatment can lead to severe multi-organ dysfunction and even death. At present, there is a lack of specific laboratory tests that can be used for rapid clinical diagnosis, and diagnosis and evaluation only rely on medical history, clinical symptoms, and non-specific laboratory test results. Key treatments include alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitors (fomcpizole or ethanol) and hemodialysis, which is not approved in China. A clear understanding of the mechanism of toxicity, pathophysiology, clinical manifestations, efficacy and limitations of laboratory tests, and treatment options after ethylene glycol poisoning can help accelerate the early diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of patients after ethylene glycol poisoning. This article reviews this article in order to provide a reference for clinicians.

This article introduces the occupational disease diagnosis of work-related musculoskeletal disorders such as lumbar and spinal injuries in Germany, and focuses on the research and standard values of the maximum pressure tolerance of intervertebral discs. This article mainly introduces the dose model limits and their applications proposed by the Mainz Dortmund Dosis model (MDD), the judgment of the German Social Court (Bundessozialgericht, BSG), and the German Spinal Research Re evaluation (Deutsche Wirbels ulentudieⅡ, DWSⅡ) ; X-ray manifestations and measurements of intervertebral disc injury; Problems in actual cases and diagnosis. In order to provide reference and inspiration for the occupational diseases diagnosis of work related musculoskeletal disorders in China.

Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis is the most common type of pulmonary aspergillosis. This paper reported a patient with pulmonary aspergillosis secondary to obstructive pulmonary disease and other underlying diseases. The clinical manifestations included wheezing, cough, fever and wheezing rale in the lungs. Diagnosis was ultimately confirmed through pathogens targeted next generation sequencing and pathological examination of respiratory coughs. Following comprehensive treatment that included antifungal therapy, the patient was cured and discharged with a good prognosis.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) in rehabilitation therapists. Methods: In September 2023, the computer searched Chinese and English databases such as CNKI database, Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform, VIP Chinese Science and Technology Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase database, etc. The retrieval time was from the establishment of the database to September 2023. Musculoskeletal disorders, rehabilitation therapists were selected as search terms, and the author, publication time, prevalence rate, and study type were analyzed. The Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ) tool and The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS) were used to evaluate the quality of the literature. Stata 15.0 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: A total of 28 literatures were included, including 8039 rehabilitation therapists. Meta-analysis showed that the overall prevalence rate of WMSDs among rehabilitation therapists was 72% (95%CI: 64%-80%). The top 3 annual prevalence rates were lower back (51%, 95%CI: 38%-64%), neck (42%, 95%CI: 30%-54%) and shoulder (32%, 95%CI: 23%-41%). The top 3 weekly prevalence rates were lower back (47%, 95%CI: 28%-65%), neck (35%, 95%CI: 14%-55%) and back (30%, 95% CI: 17%-44%) . Conclusion: The higher prevalence of WMSDs in rehabilitation therapists, especially in the lower back, neck, shoulder and back, may be related to the prolonged stouching posture and the continuous or repeated exertion of the upper limbs.

Objective: To investigate the changes of directional connections of auditory and non-auditory in patients with noise-induced deafness (NID) by degree centrality (DC) and Granger causality analysis (GCA), and to explore the mode of brain function remodeling after NID. Methods: In October 2023, a total of 58 patients diagnosed with NID by the Occupational Diseases Department of Yantaishan Hospital of Yantai from 2014 to 2022 were collected as case group (NID group), and 42 healthy volunteers matched by gender, age and education level were selected as the control group (HC group). Resting state-functional magnetic resonance imaging (Rs-fMRI) was perfomed and PC analysis was performed. The brain regions with statistically significant differences in DC values between groups and the bilateral Heschl regions were extracted as regions of interest (ROI) for voxel-based whole brain GCA and correlation analysis. Results: Compared with HC group, the SOG.L DC value of NID group was lower, the connectivity values of SFGdor.L to SOG.L was increased, the connectivity value of PCL.L to SOG.L was decreased, the connectivity values of ORBmid.L, PCG.R and CUN. L/R to HES.L were increased, the connectivity value of SFGdor.L to HES.L was decreased, the connectivity value of HES.L to PCUN.L was decreased, the connectivity values of ORBsup.L and PCG.R to HES.R were increased, the connectivity value of HES.R to CUN.L was decreased (P voxel level<0.01, P cluster level<0.05). The connectivity value of PCL.L to SOG.L was negatively correlated with the weighted value of the better whisper frequency (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The NID patients have abnormal directional connectivity activity in multiple brain regions, such as auditory vision, executive control, somatosensory movement, and default mode network. It is suggested that hearing loss may cause complex neural remodeling between auditory and non-auditory centers.

Objective: To explore the effect of training program based on service-oriented leadership theory on alleviating the degree of job burnout of clinical nurses, and provide reference for improving the situation of job burnout of nurses. Methods: From January to December 2023, 10 head nurses of a Grade A general hospital were selected by random number table method for training, and 5 nurses were selected from the department of each head nurse by random number table method, a total of 50 nurses were selected as research objects. Through the training program based on the service-oriented leadership theory, the selected head nurses were trained on the service-oriented leadership theory, job burnout and burnout mitigation methods and passed the examination. The training period was 2 months. The general data of 50 nurses were collected, and the job burnout of nurses was investigated by using the Maslach Burnout Inventory before and 6 months after the training of head nurses, and the changes of scores of each dimension were compared by paired t-test. Results: The nurses were (30.4±5.5) years old and their working life was (8.1±6.1) years. The total detection rate of job burnout before training was 100% (50/50), the detection rate of moderate to severe emotional exhaustion was 60% (30/50), and the detection rate after training was 36% (18/50). The detection rate of moderate to severe depersonalization was 72% (36/50) and 40% (20/50) after training. The detection rate of moderate to severe lack of job accomplishment was 86% (43/50) and 54% (27/50) after training. After 6 months of head nurses training, the scores of emotional exhaustion and depersonalization of nurses were significantly lower than those before training, while the scores of personal achievement were significantly higher than those before training, with statistical significances (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The training program based on service-oriented leadership theory can scientifically prevent and alleviate nurses' job burnout after receiving training of administrators, which is helpful to improve the current situation of nurses' job burnout and reduce the degree of nurses' job burnout, and can play a positive role in promoting nurses' physical and mental health.