中华劳动卫生职业病杂志最新文献

Objective: To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of 22 elements, including beryllium, vanadium, chromium, manganese, iron, calcium, magnesium, barium, cobalt, cadmium, copper, zinc, arsenic, selenium, titanium, strontium, nickel, molybdenum, tin, antimony, thallium and lead, in whole blood by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) . Methods: In September 2023, the analysis conditions were determined by optimizing the detection mode of the instrument, the pretreatment mode and the dilution factor of the samples, etc. Whole blood samples were diluted with a mixture of 0.1% nitric acid and 0.05% triton X-100, and centrifuged at 2000 r/min by high-speed centrifuge for 2 min. The supernatant was taken into inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to determine the content of 22 elements, and the detection limit and precision of the method were analyzed. Results: The 22 elements had a good linear relationship in their respective measurement ranges (r=0.9991-0.9999), the detection limit ranged from 0.003 μg/L to 0.012 mg/L. The intra-batch precision ranged from 0.5% to 7.2%, the inter-batch precision ranged from 0.4% to 9.4%, and the average recoveries ranged from 80.6% to 114.9%. Conclusion: ICP-MS method has a good effect on the determination of 22 elements in whole blood. The method is fast and simple, and can be used for clinical detection of multiple elements in whole blood.

Pulmonary fibrosis is a difficult to treat fibrotic disease with multiple triggering factors and complex pathogenesis. It is characterized by diffuse inflammatory damage, tissue structure destruction, and persistent fibrosis, resulting in irreversible damage to lung function. The Hippo signaling pathway is involved in regulating various biological processes such as cell proliferation, differentiation, migration, apoptosis, and is closely related to the occurrence of pulmonary fibrosis. In order to further explore the mechanism of pulmonary fibrosis, this paper comprehensively analyzes the Hippo signaling pathway and its cellular and pathological imbalance related to pulmonary fibrosis, revealing the influence of Hippo signaling pathway in pulmonary fibrosis and its possible mechanism of action, which is expected to provide new targets and strategies for the prevention and treatment of pulmonary fibrosis.

Objective: To investigate the effects of long-term exposure to chrysotile and crocidolite on miRNAs and epithelial mesenchymal transformation (EMT) -related gene expression in human pleural mesothelial cells. Methods: In November 2020, fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect the expressions of EMT-related genes in human pleural mesothelioma cells (NCl-H2052 cells, NCl-H2452 cells) and human normal mesothelial cells (Met-5A cells). MiRNAs with abnormal expression in human pleural mesothelioma cells were screened out from the previous miRNA chip data of research group, and target genes of differentially expressed miRNAs were predicted using miRWalk database (http: //mirwalk.umm.uni-heidelberg.de). RT-qPCR was used to verify the abnormal expression of EMT-related miRNAs in cell lines. Met-5A cells were treated with 5μg/cm(2) chrysotile and crocidolite respectively for 48 h a time, once a week and a total of 10 times. Chrysotile group, crocidolite group and control group were set up. And the control group was added with the same volume of PBS. The expression changes of EMT-related genes and abnormal expression miRNAs in each group were detected by RT-qPCR. The differences among the groups were compared by one-way ANOVA, and the differences between the control group and the experimental group were compared by dunnet-t test. Results: Compared with Met-5A cells, the expression levels of Vimentin and Twist genes were increased, and the expression level of E-cadherin genes was decreased in NCl-H2052 cells and NCl-H2452 cells (P<0.001). Target genes of miRNAs with abnormal expression in miRNA chip were predicted, and the results showed four abnormally expressed miRNAs associated with EMT and verified the expression of these four miRNAs in the cell lines. Compared with Met-5A cells, the expression level of hsa-miR-155-5p was increased in NCl-H2052 cells and NCl-H2452 cells, the expression levels of hsa-miR-34b-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p and hsa-miR-28-5p were decreased in NCl-H2052 cells and NCl-H2452 cells (P<0.001), which was consistent with the results of chip analysis. After exposure of Met-5A cells, it was found that compared with the control group, the expression levels of Vimentin and Twist genes, hsa-miR-155-5p, hsa-miR-34b-5p and hsa-miR-34c-5p in the crocidolite group were increased, while the expression level of E-cadherin gene was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression levels of Vimentin, Twist and E-cadherin genes in chrysotile group were increased, while the expression levels of hsa-miR-34b-5p, hsa-miR-34c-5p and hsa-miR-28-5p were decreased (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Long-term exposure to chrysotile and crocidolite could cause Met-5A cells to produce miRNAs and EMT-related gene expression changes similar to mesothelioma cells.

Objective: To analyze the depressive symptoms of physical and mental workers and the impact of their behavior and lifestyle on their depressive symptoms. Methods: In August 2022, a cross-sectional study design was adopted to select 553 workers as research subjects using cluster sampling. General demographic information, health-related behaviors and lifestyles were collected, and their depressive symptoms were evaluated using the Chinese version of the Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ-9). The differences in general demographic information, health-related behaviors and lifestyles between physical and mental workers were analyzed, and logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of depressive symptoms in occupational populations. Results: Among the 553 subjects, 317 were physical workers (57.32%) and 236 were mental workers (42.68%). Statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of education level, monthly income, smoking rate, regular physical exercise rate and appropriate sleep time rate (P<0.05). The score and the detection rate of depression symptoms among physical workers were (9.67±2.75) points and 20.82% (66/317), respectively, which were higher than those of mental workers [(8.34±2.18) points, 12.71% (30/236) ] (t=6.13, χ(2)=6.20, P<0.05). The results of logistic regression analysis showed that smoking, regular physical exercise, appropriate sleep time and mental work were influencing factors of depressive symptoms among the occupational population (OR=1.592, 95%CI: 1.316-1.825; OR=0.659, 95%CI: 0.416-0.830; OR=0.502, 95%CI: 0.257-0.717; OR=0.839, 95%CI: 0.522-0.967; P<0.05) . Conclusion: The depressive symptoms of physical workers are more serious than those of mental workers. Low education level, not frequently participating in physical exercise, smoking and sleep disorder are potential risk factors that affect the depressive symptoms of the occupational population.

Objective: To investigate the differences in terms of blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier immune surveillance injury by lead acetate and nano-lead sulfide exposure in order to provide basis for the study of their mechanism of nerve injury caused by exposure to lead and nano lead. Methods: In June 2015, forty-five SPF SD male rats were randomly divided into control group, lead acetate group (20 mg/kg) and nano-lead sulfide group (20 mg/kg), with 15 rats in each group. The rats were intragastric five times a week, for nine weeks. The numbers of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in blood and cerebrospinal fluid were detected by flow cytometry. The levels of interleukin-4 (IL-4) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were detected by ELISA. The expressions and distribution of intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and CD4(+) T lymphocytes in choroid plexus were detected by laser confocal fluorescence immunoassay. The mRNA expression levels of IL-4, IFN-γ and ICAM-1 in the choroid plexus were detected by real-time PCR. Results: Compared with the control group, the proportion of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in blood of rats in lead acetate group was increased, the proportions of CD4(+) T lymphocytes in cerebrospinal fluid of rats in lead acetate group and nano-lead sulfide group were increased, the contents of IL-4 and IFN-γ in serum of rats in lead acetate group and nano-lead sulfide group were increased, the content of IL-4 in cerebrospinal fluid of rats in lead acetate group and the contents of IL-4 and IFN-γ in cerebrospinal fluid of rats in nano-lead sulfide group were increased, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). The fluorescence intensity of ICAM-1 and CD4(+) T lymphocytes in choriochoroid plexus of rats in lead acetate group and nano-lead sulfide group were stronger than those in control group, and the fluorescence intensity of CD4(+) T lymphocytes of rats in nano-lead sulfide group was weaker than that in lead acetate group. Compared with the control group, the mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1, IL-4 and IFN-γ in choriochoroids plexus of rats in lead acetate group and nano-lead sulfide group were increased, and the mRNA expression levels of ICAM-1 and IL-4 in nano-lead sulfide group were higher than those in lead acetate group, while the mRNA expression level of IFN-γ in nano-lead sulfide group was lower than that in lead acetate group (P<0.05) . Conclusion: Exposure to lead and nano-lead sulfide can cause the increase of CD4(+) T lymphocytes, IL-4, IFN-γ and ICAM-1, which may be related to the damage to the immune surveillance of the blood cerebrospinal fluid barrier. And there is a difference in the injury caused by lead and nano-lead sulfide exposure.

Acute ammonia-induced intoxication is a kind of acute irritant gas poisoning, which mainly causes systemic inflammatory reaction and immune dysfunction through direct and indirect lung injury, leading to chemogenic pulmonary edema and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The mechanism of its toxic injury is complex, and the fatality rate of patients increases significantly once ARDS occurs. In this paper, the patient with acute and severe ammonia-induced intoxication was successfully treated by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) combined with fiberoptic bronchoscopy and other critical technologies, and achieved good results. By analyzing the diagnosis and treatment process of severe ammonia-induced intoxication complicated with ARDS patients, this paper summarizes the clinical characteristics of ammonia-induced intoxication injury, and the application opportunities of ECMO and various critical medical technologies, so as to facilitate the efficient intervention and treatment of ammonia-induced intoxication according to the clinical opportunity and improve the survival rate of patients.

Objective: To analyze the occupational disease hazards in stone processing enterprises in Weihai City to provide scientific basis for occupational disease prevention. Methods: From January 2021 to December 2022, 107 stone processing enterprises in Weihai City were selected to collect the detection status of occupational hazard factors in the workplace through on-site investigation and on-site monitoring of occupational hazard factors. The diagnostic reports on occupational diseases and suspected occupational diseases of 780 workers were collected through the Occupational Diseases and Hazard Factors Monitoring Information System of the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, the occupational health monitoring files of the occupational health examination institutions and the information data of the occupational disease diagnosis institutions. The differences between the measurement data were analyzed by Chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method. Results: 107 stone processing enterprises were mainly focused on granite processing, and the average free silica content in granite was 32.92% (12.78%-47.84%). The over-standard rate of silica dust was 0.31% (6/1920), and the over-standard rate of noise was 86.20% (1324/1536). Among them, the noise intensity of cutting position was the highest[120.5 dB (A) ]. The over-standard rates of noise in cutting, water grinding, dry grinding (polishing) and material preparation (forklift transportation) were 98.05%, 89.55%, 70.00% and 42.62%, respectively, and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Among 780 workers, 31 cases (3.97%) of suspected silicosis were detected, and 13 cases (1.67%) were diagnosed with silicosis. 51 cases (6.54%) of suspected occupational noise deafness were detected, and 11 cases (1.41%) were diagnosed with occupational noise deafness. Conclusion: Silicon dust and noise in some positions of stone processing enterprises in Weihai City exceed the standard, and supervision should be strengthened, prevention and control measures should be implemented to protect the occupational health of workers.

Objective: To explore the expert opinions on the revision of the Diagnosis of Occupational Arsenic Poisoning (GBZ 83-2013) . Methods: In March 2023, the improved Delphi expert consultation method was adopted, in the first round of consultation, a pre-survey was conducted on 20 experts, and the questionnaire was improved according to the experts' opinions. Then, a second round of expert consultation questionnaire was formed to conduct a questionnaire survey and consultation of 50 experts engaged in occupational disease diagnosis and related work. The feedback of experts was collected and analyzed. Results: The average score for the scientificity and progressiveness of the main technical content of the original standard was 3.33, and the average score for the rationality and operability of the main technical content of the original standard was 3.25. The importance of individual indicators with specific connotations were ranged from 4.20 to 4.45, with coefficients of variation <0.25, and the experts' opinions were relatively concentrated. The experts have provided feedback indicating that the original standard had issues such as lack of continuity in diagnostic gradation, the need to integrate biomarkers with urinary and hair arsenic levels, a scarcity of objective diagnostic indicators, the removal of exposure response from the main text, and a low level of consistency in standard usage. These issues need to be revised urgently. Conclusion: The Diagnosis of Occupational Arsenic Poisoning (GBZ 83-2013) should be revised based on experts' feedback and suggestions to meet the current real demand for occupational arsenic poisoning diagnosis.

In order to facilitate technical personnel related to occupational health and safety production to search, obtain, and master information on the hazard classification and health effects of chemical hazards, this article surveyed 14 commonly used foreign databases and 9 commonly used domestic databases, analyzed the characteristics, main content, scope of application, and network resources of each database, and considered the development of database for occupational health hazard of chemical hazards.