Pub Date : 2025-02-25DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03579
Yasmin Liu, Onyekachi Raymond, Justin M. Hodgkiss
DNA intercalating cyanine dyes, such as SYBR Green I (SG) and OliGreen (OG), are widely used in developing label-free, fluorescent aptamer-based biosensors. Despite their widespread use for direct analyte detection through changes in fluorescence intensity, the effects of dye concentrations and the specific nature of their interactions have been inadequately explored. Here, we reported how dye-to-base ratios (dbrs) influence the fluorescent response of DNA intercalating dyes in aptamer systems targeting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and l-argininamide (LAA). We initially examined the fluorescence spectral shifts of an ATP aptamer (ABA) with SG across varying dbrs, observing an emission shift to longer wavelengths as the dbrs increased. Subsequently, systematic analysis of the ATP aptamer and SG complex (ABA/SG) at different target concentrations revealed a “signal-off” phenomenon at a very low dbr of 0.1, which transitioned to a blue shift in the fluorescence spectra at higher dbr values of 0.7 and 2.0. Further extending our research, we explored the use of OG as a ratiometric probe for detecting l-argininamide, noting similar spectral shifts to shorter wavelengths upon target binding. Absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), and meticulously designed control studies were employed to elucidate the spectral shift phenomenon comprehensively. Our findings underscore the significant impact of dye selection and concentration on the performance of fluorescence aptasensors and demonstrate that clear spectral shifts, indicative of target binding, occur upon binding to targets, particularly at higher dye loading; however, excessive dye concentrations can perturb the aptamer structure, reducing its binding affinity. We believe that our findings will provide new insights into designing aptamer-based fluorescence assays for the sensitive and specific detection of small molecules.
{"title":"Exploring Fluorescence Spectral Shifts in Aptamer-Intercalating Cyanine Dye Complexes upon Binding to Specific Small Molecules","authors":"Yasmin Liu, Onyekachi Raymond, Justin M. Hodgkiss","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03579","url":null,"abstract":"DNA intercalating cyanine dyes, such as SYBR Green I (SG) and OliGreen (OG), are widely used in developing label-free, fluorescent aptamer-based biosensors. Despite their widespread use for direct analyte detection through changes in fluorescence intensity, the effects of dye concentrations and the specific nature of their interactions have been inadequately explored. Here, we reported how dye-to-base ratios (dbrs) influence the fluorescent response of DNA intercalating dyes in aptamer systems targeting adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and <span>l</span>-argininamide (LAA). We initially examined the fluorescence spectral shifts of an ATP aptamer (ABA) with SG across varying dbrs, observing an emission shift to longer wavelengths as the dbrs increased. Subsequently, systematic analysis of the ATP aptamer and SG complex (ABA/SG) at different target concentrations revealed a “signal-off” phenomenon at a very low dbr of 0.1, which transitioned to a blue shift in the fluorescence spectra at higher dbr values of 0.7 and 2.0. Further extending our research, we explored the use of OG as a ratiometric probe for detecting <span>l</span>-argininamide, noting similar spectral shifts to shorter wavelengths upon target binding. Absorption spectroscopy, circular dichroism (CD), and meticulously designed control studies were employed to elucidate the spectral shift phenomenon comprehensively. Our findings underscore the significant impact of dye selection and concentration on the performance of fluorescence aptasensors and demonstrate that clear spectral shifts, indicative of target binding, occur upon binding to targets, particularly at higher dye loading; however, excessive dye concentrations can perturb the aptamer structure, reducing its binding affinity. We believe that our findings will provide new insights into designing aptamer-based fluorescence assays for the sensitive and specific detection of small molecules.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143496138","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c02806
Lian Xu, Yan Xiao, Kun Yu, Hongshuo Pan, Jiayi Xu, Yiyun Guan, Mengke Wang, Xiangyu Xu, Hao Wang
The improper application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) presents significant health hazards via vector food contamination. A critical limitation of these traditional existing approaches is their inability to concurrently discern and distinguish among diverse NSAIDs, presenting a notable gap in the analytical capabilities within this domain. Herein, a creative dual-channel fluorescence sensor array was developed for the rapid discrimination and determination of NSAIDs, utilizing complexes of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) with three distinct modified poly(ethylenimines) (PEIs) to address this challenge. The array successfully differentiated and identified 19 NSAIDs with 97% accuracy at a concentration of 1 mM. In addition, it also achieved analyses of individual NSAIDs across a range of concentrations, NSAID mixtures, and impurities of aspirin using statistical analysis methods. More importantly, the approach effectively detected NSAIDs in complex matrices, such as milk and urine, demonstrating its potential for real-world applications.
{"title":"Machine Learning-Assisted Chemical Tongues Based on Dual-channel Inclusion Complexes for Rapid Identification of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs in Food","authors":"Lian Xu, Yan Xiao, Kun Yu, Hongshuo Pan, Jiayi Xu, Yiyun Guan, Mengke Wang, Xiangyu Xu, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c02806","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c02806","url":null,"abstract":"The improper application of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) presents significant health hazards via vector food contamination. A critical limitation of these traditional existing approaches is their inability to concurrently discern and distinguish among diverse NSAIDs, presenting a notable gap in the analytical capabilities within this domain. Herein, a creative dual-channel fluorescence sensor array was developed for the rapid discrimination and determination of NSAIDs, utilizing complexes of cucurbit[8]uril (CB[8]) with three distinct modified poly(ethylenimines) (PEIs) to address this challenge. The array successfully differentiated and identified 19 NSAIDs with 97% accuracy at a concentration of 1 mM. In addition, it also achieved analyses of individual NSAIDs across a range of concentrations, NSAID mixtures, and impurities of aspirin using statistical analysis methods. More importantly, the approach effectively detected NSAIDs in complex matrices, such as milk and urine, demonstrating its potential for real-world applications.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143486596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-24DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03193
Kaixin Wan, Yurui Li, Guifen Sun, Teng Liu, Peng Wang, Chuizhou Meng, Yang Li
Permeable electronics are promising in improving the wearing comfort but still fail in dealing with the sweating issue. Herein, we develop a flexible and breathable dual-mode pressure–temperature sensor with sweat adsorption and evaporation capability. The device is constructed on a bilayer thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mat through electrospinning, where the PAN nanofibers are hydrophilic for sweat adsorption, while the TPU nanofibers are hydrophobic to block sweat invasion into the sensing structure. The diffused sweat evaporates into moisture, which then passes through the internal fabric microchannels across the whole substrate, ensuring excellent permeability. Besides, the pressure sensing based on a planar intronic supercapacitor and the temperature sensing based on a serpentine resistor work with no crosstalk between the two. Practical applications of the developed sensing textile for continuous monitoring of wrist pulse beating and skin temperature with unique sweat absorption and evaporation capability for dry skin status are well demonstrated. This work will boost the development of next-generation permeable electronics for wearable healthcare management with extreme comfort.
{"title":"Permeable Dual-Mode Pressure–Temperature Sensing Textile with Sweat Adsorption and Evaporation Capability","authors":"Kaixin Wan, Yurui Li, Guifen Sun, Teng Liu, Peng Wang, Chuizhou Meng, Yang Li","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03193","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03193","url":null,"abstract":"Permeable electronics are promising in improving the wearing comfort but still fail in dealing with the sweating issue. Herein, we develop a flexible and breathable dual-mode pressure–temperature sensor with sweat adsorption and evaporation capability. The device is constructed on a bilayer thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) nanofiber mat through electrospinning, where the PAN nanofibers are hydrophilic for sweat adsorption, while the TPU nanofibers are hydrophobic to block sweat invasion into the sensing structure. The diffused sweat evaporates into moisture, which then passes through the internal fabric microchannels across the whole substrate, ensuring excellent permeability. Besides, the pressure sensing based on a planar intronic supercapacitor and the temperature sensing based on a serpentine resistor work with no crosstalk between the two. Practical applications of the developed sensing textile for continuous monitoring of wrist pulse beating and skin temperature with unique sweat absorption and evaporation capability for dry skin status are well demonstrated. This work will boost the development of next-generation permeable electronics for wearable healthcare management with extreme comfort.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143486597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-23DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c02851
Alexa Regina Chua Avecilla, Jeremy Thomas, Felipe Garcia Quiroz
Biomolecular condensates are membraneless compartments with enigmatic roles across intracellular phenomena. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) often function as condensate scaffolds, fueled by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) dynamics. Intracellular probing of condensates relies on live-cell imaging of IDP-scaffolds tagged with fluorescent proteins. Conformational heterogeneity in IDPs, however, renders them uniquely susceptible to artifacts from tagging. Probing epidermal condensates in skin, we recently introduced genetically-encoded LLPS-sensors that circumvent the need for molecular-level tagging of skin IDPs. Departing from subcellular tracking of IDP-scaffolds, LLPS-sensors report on the assembly and liquid-like dynamics of their condensates. Here, we demonstrate biomolecular approaches for the evolution and tunability of epidermal LLPS-sensors and assess their impact in the early and late stages of intracellular phase separation. Benchmarking against scaffold-bound fluorescent reporters, we discovered that tunable ultraweak scaffold–sensor interactions uniquely enable the sensitive and innocuous probing of nascent and established biomolecular condensates. Our LLPS-sensitive tools pave the way for the high-fidelity intracellular probing of IDP-governed biomolecular condensates across biological systems.
{"title":"Genetically-Encoded Phase Separation Sensors Enable High-Fidelity Live-Cell Probing of Biomolecular Condensates","authors":"Alexa Regina Chua Avecilla, Jeremy Thomas, Felipe Garcia Quiroz","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c02851","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c02851","url":null,"abstract":"Biomolecular condensates are membraneless compartments with enigmatic roles across intracellular phenomena. Intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) often function as condensate scaffolds, fueled by liquid–liquid phase separation (LLPS) dynamics. Intracellular probing of condensates relies on live-cell imaging of IDP-scaffolds tagged with fluorescent proteins. Conformational heterogeneity in IDPs, however, renders them uniquely susceptible to artifacts from tagging. Probing epidermal condensates in skin, we recently introduced genetically-encoded LLPS-sensors that circumvent the need for molecular-level tagging of skin IDPs. Departing from subcellular tracking of IDP-scaffolds, LLPS-sensors report on the assembly and liquid-like dynamics of their condensates. Here, we demonstrate biomolecular approaches for the evolution and tunability of epidermal LLPS-sensors and assess their impact in the early and late stages of intracellular phase separation. Benchmarking against scaffold-bound fluorescent reporters, we discovered that tunable ultraweak scaffold–sensor interactions uniquely enable the sensitive and innocuous probing of nascent and established biomolecular condensates. Our LLPS-sensitive tools pave the way for the high-fidelity intracellular probing of IDP-governed biomolecular condensates across biological systems.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143473419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03087
Joshin Kumar, Meng Xu, Yuezhi August Li, Shu-Wen You, Brookelyn M. Doherty, Woodrow D. Gardiner, John R. Cirrito, Carla M. Yuede, Ananya Benegal, Michael D. Vahey, Astha Joshi, Kuljeet Seehra, Adrianus C.M. Boon, Yin-Yuan Huang, Joseph V. Puthussery, Rajan K. Chakrabarty
Airborne transmission via aerosols is a dominant route for the transmission of respiratory pathogens, including avian H5N1 influenza A virus and E. coli bacteria. Rapid and direct detection of respiratory pathogen aerosols has been a long-standing technical challenge. Herein, we develop a novel label-free capacitive biosensor using an interlocked Prussian blue (PB)/graphene oxide (GO) network on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for direct detection of avian H5N1 and E. coli. A single-step electro-co-deposition process grows GO branches on the SPCE surface, while the PB nanocrystals simultaneously decorate around the GO branches, resulting in an ultrasensitive capacitive response at nanofarad levels. We tested the biosensor for H5N1 concentrations from 2.0 viral RNA copies/mL to 1.6 × 105 viral RNA copies/mL, with a limit of detection (LoD) of 56 viral RNA copies/mL. We tested it on E. coli for concentrations ranging from 2.0 bacterial cells/mL to 1.8 × 104 bacterial cells/mL, with a LoD of 5 bacterial cells/mL. The detection times for both pathogens were under 5 min. When integrated with a custom-built wet cyclone bioaerosol sampler, our biosensor could detect and quasi-quantitatively estimate H5N1 and E. coli concentrations in air with spatial resolutions of 93 viral RNA copies/m3 and 8 bacterial cells/m3, respectively. The quasi-quantification method, based on dilution and binary detection (positive/negative), achieved an overall accuracy of >90% for pathogen-laden aerosol samples. This biosensor is adaptable for multiplexed detection of other respiratory pathogens, making it a versatile tool for real-time airborne pathogen monitoring and risk assessment.
{"title":"Capacitive Biosensor for Rapid Detection of Avian (H5N1) Influenza and E. coli in Aerosols","authors":"Joshin Kumar, Meng Xu, Yuezhi August Li, Shu-Wen You, Brookelyn M. Doherty, Woodrow D. Gardiner, John R. Cirrito, Carla M. Yuede, Ananya Benegal, Michael D. Vahey, Astha Joshi, Kuljeet Seehra, Adrianus C.M. Boon, Yin-Yuan Huang, Joseph V. Puthussery, Rajan K. Chakrabarty","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03087","url":null,"abstract":"Airborne transmission via aerosols is a dominant route for the transmission of respiratory pathogens, including avian H5N1 influenza A virus and <i>E. coli</i> bacteria. Rapid and direct detection of respiratory pathogen aerosols has been a long-standing technical challenge. Herein, we develop a novel label-free capacitive biosensor using an interlocked Prussian blue (PB)/graphene oxide (GO) network on a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for direct detection of avian H5N1 and <i>E. coli</i>. A single-step electro-<i>co</i>-deposition process grows GO branches on the SPCE surface, while the PB nanocrystals simultaneously decorate around the GO branches, resulting in an ultrasensitive capacitive response at nanofarad levels. We tested the biosensor for H5N1 concentrations from 2.0 viral RNA copies/mL to 1.6 × 10<sup>5</sup> viral RNA copies/mL, with a limit of detection (LoD) of 56 viral RNA copies/mL. We tested it on <i>E. coli</i> for concentrations ranging from 2.0 bacterial cells/mL to 1.8 × 10<sup>4</sup> bacterial cells/mL, with a LoD of 5 bacterial cells/mL. The detection times for both pathogens were under 5 min. When integrated with a custom-built wet cyclone bioaerosol sampler, our biosensor could detect and quasi-quantitatively estimate H5N1 and <i>E. coli</i> concentrations in air with spatial resolutions of 93 viral RNA copies/m<sup>3</sup> and 8 bacterial cells/m<sup>3</sup>, respectively. The quasi-quantification method, based on dilution and binary detection (positive/negative), achieved an overall accuracy of >90% for pathogen-laden aerosol samples. This biosensor is adaptable for multiplexed detection of other respiratory pathogens, making it a versatile tool for real-time airborne pathogen monitoring and risk assessment.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"69 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this work, a portable optical fiber-based “microextraction sensing” platform coupled with gold nanostars (Au NSRs) was designed for the detection of kanamycin (Kana). Replaceable optical fibers were used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) devices and sensing probes. Au NSRs and Kana aptamers were sequentially modified onto a fiber core as sensing elements. The evanescent wave generated from the fiber interacted with the surface of the Au NSR, and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect was triggered. In the presence of Kana, the refractive index of the Au NSR surface changed, causing the LSPR characteristic peak to shift, thereby enabling the quantitative detection of Kana. Benefiting from the strong “hot spot” effect produced by the sharp branches of the Au NSR, the intensity of the signals was greatly increased. Under optimal conditions, the sensing platform exhibited high selectivity toward Kana. The calibration linear range was 0.5–500 nM (r2 = 0.997), and a limit of detection of 0.138 nM was achieved. The optical fiber could be easily disassembled and reused. Signal stability remained intact even after a replaceable optical fiber probe was cleaned and used 10 times. The sensor was successfully applied to the analysis of Kana residues in genuine cow’s milk samples. The procedure was also applied to river water samples. This assay has unique advantages of low cost, simplicity, and recyclability, making it a promising approach for food analysis and environmental monitoring.
{"title":"Microextraction-Driven Optical Fiber Sensor Coupled with Signal Enhancement by Gold Nanostars for Detection of Antibiotics in Food and Water","authors":"Chang Liu, Jialin Huang, Jisen Chen, Qiong Xue, Hui Yan, Dezhao Kong, Ziyu Ma, Wei Shen, Hian Kee Lee, Sheng Tang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03301","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, a portable optical fiber-based “microextraction sensing” platform coupled with gold nanostars (Au NSRs) was designed for the detection of kanamycin (Kana). Replaceable optical fibers were used as solid-phase microextraction (SPME) devices and sensing probes. Au NSRs and Kana aptamers were sequentially modified onto a fiber core as sensing elements. The evanescent wave generated from the fiber interacted with the surface of the Au NSR, and the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) effect was triggered. In the presence of Kana, the refractive index of the Au NSR surface changed, causing the LSPR characteristic peak to shift, thereby enabling the quantitative detection of Kana. Benefiting from the strong “hot spot” effect produced by the sharp branches of the Au NSR, the intensity of the signals was greatly increased. Under optimal conditions, the sensing platform exhibited high selectivity toward Kana. The calibration linear range was 0.5–500 nM (<i>r</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.997), and a limit of detection of 0.138 nM was achieved. The optical fiber could be easily disassembled and reused. Signal stability remained intact even after a replaceable optical fiber probe was cleaned and used 10 times. The sensor was successfully applied to the analysis of Kana residues in genuine cow’s milk samples. The procedure was also applied to river water samples. This assay has unique advantages of low cost, simplicity, and recyclability, making it a promising approach for food analysis and environmental monitoring.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-21DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03362
Shijuan Song, Wenhao Zhou, Xinyue Wei, Huijun Zhao, Dan Hu, Jiaqing Liu, Xin Zhang, Sha Yu, Fengchun Yang
The current research on wearable electrochemical sensors for urine monitoring is relatively rare, which is primarily limited by the lack of an active management mechanism to effectively manipulate the transportation of excessive liquids. In this work, a Janus fabric with hexagonal microcavity channels (HMJ-FT) was assembled based on a disposable facial towel, which was further introduced to develop the wearable electrochemical sensor (HMJ-Sensor) for the directional manipulation of urine transportation and simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The designed hexagonal microcavity structure can synergistically promote horizontal migration and vertical transport of liquid, thus ensuring efficient and rapid manipulation of urine transportation and preventing its accumulation and reflux, which are essential for accurate, real-time monitoring. Therefore, the constructed HMJ-Sensor demonstrated a lower limit of detection (LOD) compared to most reported wearable sensors, which is 10.0770 nM for DA and 1.4100 nM for UA, respectively. Additionally, it also has the widest detection range known to date (DA: 0.0360–4000 μM; UA: 0.0050–6000 μM), which can better adapt to the large volume of urine transport and significant fluctuations on urine concentration in practical applications. After being subjected to a 120-day storage period along with multiple bending, rubbing, and washing treatments, the HMJ-Sensor maintained its excellent detection performance, indicating its high stability and reliability. This work not only provided a novel strategy for the manipulation of urine transport but also enhanced the detection capabilities of urine monitoring, which holds significant potential for boosting wearable applications and medical monitoring in physiological and clinical settings.
{"title":"A Janus Fabric with Hexagonal Microcavity Channels for Efficient Urine Transport and Accurate Physiological Monitoring","authors":"Shijuan Song, Wenhao Zhou, Xinyue Wei, Huijun Zhao, Dan Hu, Jiaqing Liu, Xin Zhang, Sha Yu, Fengchun Yang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03362","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03362","url":null,"abstract":"The current research on wearable electrochemical sensors for urine monitoring is relatively rare, which is primarily limited by the lack of an active management mechanism to effectively manipulate the transportation of excessive liquids. In this work, a Janus fabric with hexagonal microcavity channels (HMJ-FT) was assembled based on a disposable facial towel, which was further introduced to develop the wearable electrochemical sensor (HMJ-Sensor) for the directional manipulation of urine transportation and simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA). The designed hexagonal microcavity structure can synergistically promote horizontal migration and vertical transport of liquid, thus ensuring efficient and rapid manipulation of urine transportation and preventing its accumulation and reflux, which are essential for accurate, real-time monitoring. Therefore, the constructed HMJ-Sensor demonstrated a lower limit of detection (LOD) compared to most reported wearable sensors, which is 10.0770 nM for DA and 1.4100 nM for UA, respectively. Additionally, it also has the widest detection range known to date (DA: 0.0360–4000 μM; UA: 0.0050–6000 μM), which can better adapt to the large volume of urine transport and significant fluctuations on urine concentration in practical applications. After being subjected to a 120-day storage period along with multiple bending, rubbing, and washing treatments, the HMJ-Sensor maintained its excellent detection performance, indicating its high stability and reliability. This work not only provided a novel strategy for the manipulation of urine transport but also enhanced the detection capabilities of urine monitoring, which holds significant potential for boosting wearable applications and medical monitoring in physiological and clinical settings.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143470926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Flexible devices assembled with low-surface-energy PDMS substrates often face challenges, such as poor interfacial adhesion among multilayer films and mismatched mechanical moduli, complicating the development of stable and repeatable pressure sensors. Herein, a PDMS with internal dynamic cross-linking ability is synthesized to alleviate these issues, which shows good tensile properties, flexibility, and self-healing ability at room temperature. Taking advantage of the material homogeneity, the electrodes and sensing layer of the sensor made of the composite ink and PDMS, serving as the additive, have strong peeling resistance and interfacial adhesion. Furthermore, the multilayer sensing layer of the microconvex structures formed by pressing with a microstructural template effectively improves the sensitivity and sensing range of the multilayer pressure sensor. This multilayer flexible pressure sensor can be applied in medical health monitoring, effectively classifying symptoms related to sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome through machine learning. The constructed neural network accurately learns the sleep conditions, including normal sleep, tachycardia, sleep apnea, sleep talking, snoring, and rapid eye movement. Utilizing the homogeneity and dynamic interfacial cross-linking of multilayer sensor materials, this design aims to improve the interfacial stability of flexible devices, expanding their application potential for long-term and reliable use.
{"title":"Interfacial Adhesive Adaptation Strategies for Flexible Multilayer Pressure Sensors in Sleep Monitoring","authors":"Qian Wang, Panwang Guo, Quancai Li, Jing Liang, Wei Wu","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03273","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible devices assembled with low-surface-energy PDMS substrates often face challenges, such as poor interfacial adhesion among multilayer films and mismatched mechanical moduli, complicating the development of stable and repeatable pressure sensors. Herein, a PDMS with internal dynamic cross-linking ability is synthesized to alleviate these issues, which shows good tensile properties, flexibility, and self-healing ability at room temperature. Taking advantage of the material homogeneity, the electrodes and sensing layer of the sensor made of the composite ink and PDMS, serving as the additive, have strong peeling resistance and interfacial adhesion. Furthermore, the multilayer sensing layer of the microconvex structures formed by pressing with a microstructural template effectively improves the sensitivity and sensing range of the multilayer pressure sensor. This multilayer flexible pressure sensor can be applied in medical health monitoring, effectively classifying symptoms related to sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome through machine learning. The constructed neural network accurately learns the sleep conditions, including normal sleep, tachycardia, sleep apnea, sleep talking, snoring, and rapid eye movement. Utilizing the homogeneity and dynamic interfacial cross-linking of multilayer sensor materials, this design aims to improve the interfacial stability of flexible devices, expanding their application potential for long-term and reliable use.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-02-20DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c03393
Mohammad Mahmudul Hasan, Onur Alev, Michael Cheffena
Accurate monitoring of isopropanol (IPA) levels is crucial for safety in industrial and laboratory settings, as high concentrations can lead to serious health issues. In this study, we present, for the first time, a dual-functional antenna sensor capable of high-performance IPA gas detection with concentration estimation and uninterrupted wireless communication, using optimized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based sensing materials. Comprehensive characterization of these materials confirms the successful formation and homogeneity of the composites. Furthermore, the electrical and gas-sensing properties of the sensing materials were evaluated using functionalized interdigitated electrode (IDE)-based sensing structures, optimized for high sensitivity, were functionalized to evaluate the electrical and gas-sensing properties of the materials. These IDE structures, which acted as impedance-varying components during operation, were coupled with a single-port monopole antenna to develop a highly sensitive and selective gas sensor while maintaining uninterrupted communication services. The results showed that the fabricated sensor platform exhibits strong selectivity, sensitivity, and stability for IPA detection at room temperature, effectively distinguishing it from other interference gases. In addition, using the same sensing material, we demonstrated that the antenna-based gas sensor exhibited higher sensitivity than the chemiresistive sensor, achieving a detection limit (18.8 ppm) below the safety thresholds for IPA. Moreover, the antenna’s radiation pattern and communication capabilities remained unaffected, ensuring uninterrupted functionality. Detailed optimization process and the sensing mechanism for a novel MIP-based selective antenna gas sensor, supported by both structural and electrical characterizations could serve as a milestone for future studies and the advancement of next-generation sensors.
{"title":"Dual-Functional Antenna Sensor for Highly Sensitive and Selective Detection of Isopropanol Gas Using Optimized Molecularly Imprinted Polymers","authors":"Mohammad Mahmudul Hasan, Onur Alev, Michael Cheffena","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c03393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c03393","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate monitoring of isopropanol (IPA) levels is crucial for safety in industrial and laboratory settings, as high concentrations can lead to serious health issues. In this study, we present, for the first time, a dual-functional antenna sensor capable of high-performance IPA gas detection with concentration estimation and uninterrupted wireless communication, using optimized molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP)/multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT)-based sensing materials. Comprehensive characterization of these materials confirms the successful formation and homogeneity of the composites. Furthermore, the electrical and gas-sensing properties of the sensing materials were evaluated using functionalized interdigitated electrode (IDE)-based sensing structures, optimized for high sensitivity, were functionalized to evaluate the electrical and gas-sensing properties of the materials. These IDE structures, which acted as impedance-varying components during operation, were coupled with a single-port monopole antenna to develop a highly sensitive and selective gas sensor while maintaining uninterrupted communication services. The results showed that the fabricated sensor platform exhibits strong selectivity, sensitivity, and stability for IPA detection at room temperature, effectively distinguishing it from other interference gases. In addition, using the same sensing material, we demonstrated that the antenna-based gas sensor exhibited higher sensitivity than the chemiresistive sensor, achieving a detection limit (18.8 ppm) below the safety thresholds for IPA. Moreover, the antenna’s radiation pattern and communication capabilities remained unaffected, ensuring uninterrupted functionality. Detailed optimization process and the sensing mechanism for a novel MIP-based selective antenna gas sensor, supported by both structural and electrical characterizations could serve as a milestone for future studies and the advancement of next-generation sensors.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"170 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143452159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The chlorophyll content in water bodies is one of the most important indicator parameters in water quality assessment, red tide warning, carbon cycling, and ecosystem research. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) offers considerable potential for in situ online monitoring of chlorophyll in natural waters. Due to the influence of turbidity, temperature, and suspended algal particles, in situ accurate monitoring of chlorophyll in natural water bodies faces enormous challenges, especially the random movement of suspended algal particles, which often causes the fluctuation amplitude of LIFS signals to be greater than the effective signal, leading to substantial measurement errors. We investigated the impact and patterns of continuous movement of particulate algae within the LIFS measurement field and proposed the continuous Poisson distribution filter (CPDF) to improve the accuracy of LIFS-based chlorophyll sensing in natural waters. By statistically analyzing chlorophyll LIFS signals and implementing the proposed CPDF, the sensing instability is addressed, and the measurement precision is enhanced (the relative magnitude of random fluctuations was reduced from over 33.3% to less than 0.7%). Experiments conducted on wintertime Zhi-Yuan Lake water demonstrate that CPDF can maintain an unbiased proportional relationship between the sensor response and chlorophyll content (p-value < 0.01, R2 > 0.99), outperforming conventional frequency-domain filtering and Gaussian-based filters. This research not only advances chlorophyll sensing in aquatic environments but also broadens the application potential of LIFS technology in environmental monitoring, biomedical testing, and many other fields with suspended particulate sensing targets.
{"title":"Advancing Chlorophyll Sensing in Natural Waters: Laser-Induced Fluorescence Spectroscopy with Continuous Poisson Distribution Filtering","authors":"Yuchao Fu, Shuiyi Tan, Tianyuan Liu, Wanxiang Li, Naiquan Zhu, Tianyu Guo, Xinna Yu, Fanhua Qu, Zhiwei Huang, Meizhen Huang","doi":"10.1021/acssensors.4c01883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.4c01883","url":null,"abstract":"The chlorophyll content in water bodies is one of the most important indicator parameters in water quality assessment, red tide warning, carbon cycling, and ecosystem research. Laser-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (LIFS) offers considerable potential for in situ online monitoring of chlorophyll in natural waters. Due to the influence of turbidity, temperature, and suspended algal particles, in situ accurate monitoring of chlorophyll in natural water bodies faces enormous challenges, especially the random movement of suspended algal particles, which often causes the fluctuation amplitude of LIFS signals to be greater than the effective signal, leading to substantial measurement errors. We investigated the impact and patterns of continuous movement of particulate algae within the LIFS measurement field and proposed the continuous Poisson distribution filter (CPDF) to improve the accuracy of LIFS-based chlorophyll sensing in natural waters. By statistically analyzing chlorophyll LIFS signals and implementing the proposed CPDF, the sensing instability is addressed, and the measurement precision is enhanced (the relative magnitude of random fluctuations was reduced from over 33.3% to less than 0.7%). Experiments conducted on wintertime Zhi-Yuan Lake water demonstrate that CPDF can maintain an unbiased proportional relationship between the sensor response and chlorophyll content (<i>p</i>-value < 0.01, <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> > 0.99), outperforming conventional frequency-domain filtering and Gaussian-based filters. This research not only advances chlorophyll sensing in aquatic environments but also broadens the application potential of LIFS technology in environmental monitoring, biomedical testing, and many other fields with suspended particulate sensing targets.","PeriodicalId":24,"journal":{"name":"ACS Sensors","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":8.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143462268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：