Pub Date : 2023-05-16DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2023.2210325
H. Herath, B. Jayawardana, P. Fernando, P. Weththasinghe
SUMMARY Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) has received attention as an alternative protein source and feed additive in animal diets. Many studies reported varying degrees of success in the growth performance of broiler chicken when fed diets containing Spirulina. In the present study, we investigated dietary effect of Spirulina on broiler chicken growth performance using a meta-analytical approach. The databases, WEB OF SCIENCE (1970–2021), SCOPUS (1939–2021) and Google Scholar were searched systematically to select studies for the analysis. A total of 28 studies were included in the analysis. The differences in growth performance parameters (i.e. feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio) between the birds fed control diets and Spirulina diets were calculated using a standardised effect size; Hedges’ g. The meta-analysis showed that birds fed diets containing Spirulina improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio compared to those fed control diets. On the other hand, there was no difference in feed intake between the groups fed Spirulina diets and control diets. The present meta-analysis manifested that dietary inclusion of Spirulina could improve the growth performance of broiler chicken. In particular, the supplementation of low levels of Spirulina (i.e. less than 10%) in diets is more suitable to achieve higher growth performance in broiler chicken.
螺旋藻(Spirulina platensis)作为一种替代蛋白质来源和饲料添加剂在动物日粮中备受关注。许多研究报告说，饲喂含有螺旋藻的饲料对肉鸡的生长性能有不同程度的影响。本研究采用荟萃分析方法，研究了饲粮中添加螺旋藻对肉鸡生长性能的影响。系统检索WEB OF SCIENCE(1970-2021)、SCOPUS(1939-2021)和Google Scholar数据库，选择研究进行分析。共有28项研究被纳入分析。采用标准化效应量计算饲喂对照饲粮和螺旋藻饲粮的鸟类生长性能参数(即采食量、增重和饲料转化率)的差异;荟萃分析表明，与饲喂对照饲料的鸟类相比，饲喂含有螺旋藻的饲料的鸟类增重和饲料转化率有所提高。另一方面，螺旋藻饲粮组与对照饲粮组采食量无显著差异。本荟萃分析表明，饲粮中添加螺旋藻可提高肉鸡的生长性能。特别是，饲粮中添加低水平的螺旋藻(即低于10%)更适合肉鸡获得较高的生长性能。
{"title":"A meta-analysis of the effects of dietary Spirulina on growth performance of broiler chicken","authors":"H. Herath, B. Jayawardana, P. Fernando, P. Weththasinghe","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2210325","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2210325","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Spirulina (Spirulina platensis) has received attention as an alternative protein source and feed additive in animal diets. Many studies reported varying degrees of success in the growth performance of broiler chicken when fed diets containing Spirulina. In the present study, we investigated dietary effect of Spirulina on broiler chicken growth performance using a meta-analytical approach. The databases, WEB OF SCIENCE (1970–2021), SCOPUS (1939–2021) and Google Scholar were searched systematically to select studies for the analysis. A total of 28 studies were included in the analysis. The differences in growth performance parameters (i.e. feed intake, weight gain and feed conversion ratio) between the birds fed control diets and Spirulina diets were calculated using a standardised effect size; Hedges’ g. The meta-analysis showed that birds fed diets containing Spirulina improved weight gain and feed conversion ratio compared to those fed control diets. On the other hand, there was no difference in feed intake between the groups fed Spirulina diets and control diets. The present meta-analysis manifested that dietary inclusion of Spirulina could improve the growth performance of broiler chicken. In particular, the supplementation of low levels of Spirulina (i.e. less than 10%) in diets is more suitable to achieve higher growth performance in broiler chicken.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"146 1","pages":"497 - 511"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76176995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2023.2205610
Vander Luiz da Silva, J. Kovaleski, R. Pagani, M. Gomes
SUMMARY The poultry sector has a relevant impact on the socioeconomic indices of countries, employs a significant amount of human labour and contributes economically to revenue generation. Despite the scientific and technological advances implemented, the sector still has a generally low level of technological maturity compared with other sectors. Industry 4.0 strongly focuses on smart manufacturing, including specific principles and technologies. This study aimed to identify Industry 4.0 approaches (technologies, projected benefits and barriers to Industry 4.0) and main applicabilities in the broiler meat production chain in the poultry sector. A systematic review of literature was conducted in three databases, using formal protocols for ordering and selecting bibliographic materials. Two topics were included: general implementations in Industry 4.0 and Industry 4.0 in the poultry sector (broiler production chain). Overall, the benefits of Industry 4.0 are inherent to the economic dimension, with a certain predisposition to integrated dimensions (economic and environmental). The main barriers to Industry 4.0, also known as inhibiting factors, are high investments, the lack of knowledge (generally or through methods or technical procedures), uncertainties in results, and challenges in qualifying human capital. Regarding Industry 4.0 technologies, the most employed in the broiler production chain (aviaries and slaughterhouses, mainly) are artificial intelligence (robots and/or software), Big Data Analytics and the Internet of Things (IoT).
{"title":"Industry 4.0 implementations: a systematic review of approaches and main applicabilities in the broiler meat production chain","authors":"Vander Luiz da Silva, J. Kovaleski, R. Pagani, M. Gomes","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2205610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2205610","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The poultry sector has a relevant impact on the socioeconomic indices of countries, employs a significant amount of human labour and contributes economically to revenue generation. Despite the scientific and technological advances implemented, the sector still has a generally low level of technological maturity compared with other sectors. Industry 4.0 strongly focuses on smart manufacturing, including specific principles and technologies. This study aimed to identify Industry 4.0 approaches (technologies, projected benefits and barriers to Industry 4.0) and main applicabilities in the broiler meat production chain in the poultry sector. A systematic review of literature was conducted in three databases, using formal protocols for ordering and selecting bibliographic materials. Two topics were included: general implementations in Industry 4.0 and Industry 4.0 in the poultry sector (broiler production chain). Overall, the benefits of Industry 4.0 are inherent to the economic dimension, with a certain predisposition to integrated dimensions (economic and environmental). The main barriers to Industry 4.0, also known as inhibiting factors, are high investments, the lack of knowledge (generally or through methods or technical procedures), uncertainties in results, and challenges in qualifying human capital. Regarding Industry 4.0 technologies, the most employed in the broiler production chain (aviaries and slaughterhouses, mainly) are artificial intelligence (robots and/or software), Big Data Analytics and the Internet of Things (IoT).","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"189 1","pages":"563 - 579"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83113794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-15DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2023.2208386
S. Sabah, B. YILMAZ DİKMEN
SUMMARY According to current reports, broiler breeder eggs have a high fertility rate at the beginning of production, but a quick decline occurs in fertility after 40 to 45 weeks. In actuality, female broiler breeders require more frequent breeding to maintain high fertility, whereas males of the same age are less interested in breeding and the hatchability of eggs starts to decline with age. Due to these circumstances, proper care and management are essential for aged breeder flocks to maintain good reproductive performance and production. In order to address the issue of declining fertility in older flocks, spiking application has just begun to be included in the maintenance and management methods of many breeders worldwide. To encourage the flock’s mating activity, this strategy entails replacing some of the existing male breeders with young or older breeders. With young or old roosters, the spiking exchange can be used in single or double forms. The objective of this review is to provide in-depth information about spiking, which has a variety of forms, and to compile the results of relevant research.
{"title":"Spiking applications in broiler breeders and its effect on reproduction performance","authors":"S. Sabah, B. YILMAZ DİKMEN","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2208386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2208386","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY According to current reports, broiler breeder eggs have a high fertility rate at the beginning of production, but a quick decline occurs in fertility after 40 to 45 weeks. In actuality, female broiler breeders require more frequent breeding to maintain high fertility, whereas males of the same age are less interested in breeding and the hatchability of eggs starts to decline with age. Due to these circumstances, proper care and management are essential for aged breeder flocks to maintain good reproductive performance and production. In order to address the issue of declining fertility in older flocks, spiking application has just begun to be included in the maintenance and management methods of many breeders worldwide. To encourage the flock’s mating activity, this strategy entails replacing some of the existing male breeders with young or older breeders. With young or old roosters, the spiking exchange can be used in single or double forms. The objective of this review is to provide in-depth information about spiking, which has a variety of forms, and to compile the results of relevant research.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"581 - 591"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81698890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
With an increase in the demand and production of chicken products, broilers have been bred to grow larger at a faster rate. This has led to several myopathies, one of which being white striping, which is now common to almost all broilers and is characterized as the deposition of fat within the broiler breast muscles. The purposes of this review are to examine the change in chicken production over the years, and to consider normal muscle growth physiology and the suspected pathological process and causes of white striping, as well as white striping visualization and detection in fast-growing broilers. With the increase in growth rate and size, multiple biochemical processes are affected in broilers, leading to hypoxia and inflammation, subsequent formation of foam cells from macrophages, and the deposition of fat in the form of white stripes along the muscle tissues. The negative effects of white striping include increased fat content and calories and decreased protein content, as well as reductions in palatability and drip loss. Thus, this review also explores the effects of white striping on meat quality, and finally evaluates several strategies attempted to mitigate white striping.
{"title":"Broiler White Striping: A Review of Its Etiology, Effects on Production, and Mitigation Efforts","authors":"Jessie Lee, M. Mienaltowski","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020022","url":null,"abstract":"With an increase in the demand and production of chicken products, broilers have been bred to grow larger at a faster rate. This has led to several myopathies, one of which being white striping, which is now common to almost all broilers and is characterized as the deposition of fat within the broiler breast muscles. The purposes of this review are to examine the change in chicken production over the years, and to consider normal muscle growth physiology and the suspected pathological process and causes of white striping, as well as white striping visualization and detection in fast-growing broilers. With the increase in growth rate and size, multiple biochemical processes are affected in broilers, leading to hypoxia and inflammation, subsequent formation of foam cells from macrophages, and the deposition of fat in the form of white stripes along the muscle tissues. The negative effects of white striping include increased fat content and calories and decreased protein content, as well as reductions in palatability and drip loss. Thus, this review also explores the effects of white striping on meat quality, and finally evaluates several strategies attempted to mitigate white striping.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"8 Pt 2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83978207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pecking is one of the most concerning poultry welfare issues in the layer houses, especially in the cage-free (CF) housing system. Pecking behavior may lead to severe feather pecking (SFP) and cannibalism when birds feel frustrated, stressed, and dominant over other birds. Since pecking is caused by multi-factorial problems (e.g., hormonal influence, environment, dietary composition, and genetic differences), it is very important to find optimal strategies for reducing pecking damage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pullet age and management practices on pecking behavior and to identify the optimal pecking mitigation strategy. Four climate-controlled rooms were used, each housing 200 Hy-Line W36 pullets, for a total of 800 pullets from 0 to 16 weeks of age (WOA). Pecking mitigation strategies were tested at different ages, including an isolated chamber (IC) at 14 WOA, an IC with lotion (water, aloe vera gel, tea tree oil, calendula, and methyl anthranilate), and a pecking block from 15 to 16 WOA. Data on severe feather pecking (SFP) and mortality were collected daily from 13 to 16 WOA during the pecking block, IC, and IC with lotion treatments and from 0 to 16 WOA for the entire pullet cycle of age treatment. Results show that the SFP significantly increased with the bird’s age (p < 0.01). The SFP started with 5 WOA. About 16% of birds were found with severe peck damages by 16 WOA. In this study, pecking blocks did not show a reduction in pecking order, possibly due to pecking at alarming rates. Isolating birds with SFP damages into the IC and applying lotion resulted in a significant decrease in SFP (p < 0.05) and cannibalism (p < 0.05). This study provides a reference for commercial CF egg producers to develop on-farm management strategies for mitigating pecking damage and cannibalism.
{"title":"Effective Strategies for Mitigating Feather Pecking and Cannibalism in Cage-Free W-36 Pullets","authors":"R. Bist, S. Subedi, Xiao Yang, L. Chai","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020021","url":null,"abstract":"Pecking is one of the most concerning poultry welfare issues in the layer houses, especially in the cage-free (CF) housing system. Pecking behavior may lead to severe feather pecking (SFP) and cannibalism when birds feel frustrated, stressed, and dominant over other birds. Since pecking is caused by multi-factorial problems (e.g., hormonal influence, environment, dietary composition, and genetic differences), it is very important to find optimal strategies for reducing pecking damage. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pullet age and management practices on pecking behavior and to identify the optimal pecking mitigation strategy. Four climate-controlled rooms were used, each housing 200 Hy-Line W36 pullets, for a total of 800 pullets from 0 to 16 weeks of age (WOA). Pecking mitigation strategies were tested at different ages, including an isolated chamber (IC) at 14 WOA, an IC with lotion (water, aloe vera gel, tea tree oil, calendula, and methyl anthranilate), and a pecking block from 15 to 16 WOA. Data on severe feather pecking (SFP) and mortality were collected daily from 13 to 16 WOA during the pecking block, IC, and IC with lotion treatments and from 0 to 16 WOA for the entire pullet cycle of age treatment. Results show that the SFP significantly increased with the bird’s age (p < 0.01). The SFP started with 5 WOA. About 16% of birds were found with severe peck damages by 16 WOA. In this study, pecking blocks did not show a reduction in pecking order, possibly due to pecking at alarming rates. Isolating birds with SFP damages into the IC and applying lotion resulted in a significant decrease in SFP (p < 0.05) and cannibalism (p < 0.05). This study provides a reference for commercial CF egg producers to develop on-farm management strategies for mitigating pecking damage and cannibalism.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"66 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83806183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Controlling infectious diseases is vital for poultry health and diagnostic methods are an indispensable feature to resolve disease etiologies and the impact of infectious agents on the host. Although the basic principles of disease diagnostics have not changed, the spectrum of poultry diseases constantly expanded, with the identification of new pathogens and improved knowledge on epidemiology and disease pathogenesis. In parallel, new technologies have been devised to identify and characterize infectious agents, but classical methods remain crucial, especially the isolation of pathogens and their further characterization in functional assays and studies. This review aims to highlight certain aspects of diagnosing infectious poultry pathogens, from the farm via the diagnostic laboratory and back, in order to close the circle. By this, the current knowledge will be summarized and future developments will be discussed in the context of applied state-of-the-art techniques. Overall, a common challenge is the increasing demand for infrastructure, skills and expertise. Divided into separate chapters, reflecting different disciplines, daily work implies the need to closely link technologies and human expertise in order to improve bird health, the production economy and to implement future intervention strategies for disease prevention.
{"title":"Diagnosing Infectious Diseases in Poultry Requires a Holistic Approach: A Review","authors":"D. Liebhart, I. Bilic, B. Grafl, C. Hess, M. Hess","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020020","url":null,"abstract":"Controlling infectious diseases is vital for poultry health and diagnostic methods are an indispensable feature to resolve disease etiologies and the impact of infectious agents on the host. Although the basic principles of disease diagnostics have not changed, the spectrum of poultry diseases constantly expanded, with the identification of new pathogens and improved knowledge on epidemiology and disease pathogenesis. In parallel, new technologies have been devised to identify and characterize infectious agents, but classical methods remain crucial, especially the isolation of pathogens and their further characterization in functional assays and studies. This review aims to highlight certain aspects of diagnosing infectious poultry pathogens, from the farm via the diagnostic laboratory and back, in order to close the circle. By this, the current knowledge will be summarized and future developments will be discussed in the context of applied state-of-the-art techniques. Overall, a common challenge is the increasing demand for infrastructure, skills and expertise. Divided into separate chapters, reflecting different disciplines, daily work implies the need to closely link technologies and human expertise in order to improve bird health, the production economy and to implement future intervention strategies for disease prevention.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89505479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Environmental pollution has increased over the past few decades, posing serious risks to all biological systems, including the poultry sector. Oxidative stress in chickens caused by dietary, environmental, and pathological variables influences how well chickens perform as well as the quality of meat and eggs. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are two examples of heavy metals that are harmful for chicken health. They can cause oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and blocking antioxidants from protecting cells from increased amounts of free radicals. The oxidative state of heavy metals, their interactions with endogenous antioxidants, and chemical processes all affect how hazardous they are to the body. Today, scientists have investigated and applied a variety of nutritional tactics to lessen the harmful effects of oxidative stress on animal health brought on by heavy metals. Researchers have recently become interested in the chemicals because of their chelating and growth-stimulating functions, as well as the antioxidant qualities of useful plant components. The deleterious consequences of oxidative stress induced by two heavy metals on chickens is discussed in this review, along with phytogenic use as a potential intervention strategy to lessen these effects and maintain the redox equilibrium in poultry.
{"title":"Mitigating the Adverse Effects of Lead and Cadmium Heavy Metals-Induced Oxidative Stress by Phytogenic Compounds in Poultry","authors":"R. Ebrahimi, M. Ebrahimi, M. Shakeri","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020019","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental pollution has increased over the past few decades, posing serious risks to all biological systems, including the poultry sector. Oxidative stress in chickens caused by dietary, environmental, and pathological variables influences how well chickens perform as well as the quality of meat and eggs. Lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd) are two examples of heavy metals that are harmful for chicken health. They can cause oxidative stress by increasing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) and blocking antioxidants from protecting cells from increased amounts of free radicals. The oxidative state of heavy metals, their interactions with endogenous antioxidants, and chemical processes all affect how hazardous they are to the body. Today, scientists have investigated and applied a variety of nutritional tactics to lessen the harmful effects of oxidative stress on animal health brought on by heavy metals. Researchers have recently become interested in the chemicals because of their chelating and growth-stimulating functions, as well as the antioxidant qualities of useful plant components. The deleterious consequences of oxidative stress induced by two heavy metals on chickens is discussed in this review, along with phytogenic use as a potential intervention strategy to lessen these effects and maintain the redox equilibrium in poultry.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"159 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77550363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Currently, the egg industry is experiencing a shift in demand for eggs from cage-free environments. This study aims to evaluate the egg quality parameters of white eggs laid in several different housing environments utilized in the industry. Egg quality parameters from battery cages, barren colony cages, enriched colony cages and cage-free pens were compared. Overall, most egg quality parameters were found to be different across housing environments. Battery cages produced the heaviest eggs and eggs with the highest Haugh unit (p < 0.05). Cage-free hens produced eggs with the darkest yolks, lowest Haugh units, strongest shells and highest solids percentage compared to other environments (p < 0.05). This study did not detect differences between any housing environment in shell color, shell elasticity, vitelline membrane strength or vitelline membrane elasticity (p > 0.05). Moreover, this study did not detect any differences in egg quality parameters between enriched and barren colony cages (p > 0.05). It appears that white egg-laying hens had superior egg quality performance in caged environments and that cage-free pens only improved yolk color. Furthermore, it appears that simply adding enrichments to cages does not affect any egg quality parameters. From the results of our study, we believe that current intensive environments, such as cages, are the most beneficial for white egg layer egg quality and that as the industry moves toward cage-free, new strategies will need to be developed to preserve egg quality. More research is needed, particularly evaluating free-range environments.
{"title":"The Effect of Housing Environment on Physical Egg Quality of White Egg Layers","authors":"B. Alig, R. Malheiros, K. Anderson","doi":"10.3390/poultry2020018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/poultry2020018","url":null,"abstract":"Currently, the egg industry is experiencing a shift in demand for eggs from cage-free environments. This study aims to evaluate the egg quality parameters of white eggs laid in several different housing environments utilized in the industry. Egg quality parameters from battery cages, barren colony cages, enriched colony cages and cage-free pens were compared. Overall, most egg quality parameters were found to be different across housing environments. Battery cages produced the heaviest eggs and eggs with the highest Haugh unit (p < 0.05). Cage-free hens produced eggs with the darkest yolks, lowest Haugh units, strongest shells and highest solids percentage compared to other environments (p < 0.05). This study did not detect differences between any housing environment in shell color, shell elasticity, vitelline membrane strength or vitelline membrane elasticity (p > 0.05). Moreover, this study did not detect any differences in egg quality parameters between enriched and barren colony cages (p > 0.05). It appears that white egg-laying hens had superior egg quality performance in caged environments and that cage-free pens only improved yolk color. Furthermore, it appears that simply adding enrichments to cages does not affect any egg quality parameters. From the results of our study, we believe that current intensive environments, such as cages, are the most beneficial for white egg layer egg quality and that as the industry moves toward cage-free, new strategies will need to be developed to preserve egg quality. More research is needed, particularly evaluating free-range environments.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73367825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-03DOI: 10.1080/00439339.2023.2203347
Yuli Arif Tribudi, M. Natsir, M. Ulfah, D. Gusmalawati, A. P. Z. N. L. Sari, D. Hariyono, P. W. Prihandini, V. Nurgiartiningsih
SUMMARY Tukong is the rumpless indigenous chicken breed of Indonesia. Its features must be described as the basis for their preservation and improvement. The current understanding of the Tukong, including its origin, exterior traits, and production indicators, is presented in this review. As a result, the chicken feather colour varies from greenish-black, reddish-black, bluish-black, brown, and white, with a red pea-shaped comb. The Tukong is a dual-purpose breed categorised as a small-sized bird with a body weight of 1.65 ± 0.82 kg (rooster) and 1.42 ± 0.55 kg (a hen). This breed has the potential to be developed as a meat-producing chicken, which is supported by its high dressing percentage (79.50%). However, the Tukong has low reproduction properties (egg production = 8–14 eggs/6 month period, fertility = 73.51%, hatchability = 81.42–84.26%). The development of the Tukong chicken needs to be increased in order to maintain its sustainability and take advantage of its superiority to other pilot candidates for the formation of new breeds.
{"title":"Tukong: a rumpless indigenous chicken breed from West Kalimantan, Indonesia","authors":"Yuli Arif Tribudi, M. Natsir, M. Ulfah, D. Gusmalawati, A. P. Z. N. L. Sari, D. Hariyono, P. W. Prihandini, V. Nurgiartiningsih","doi":"10.1080/00439339.2023.2203347","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/00439339.2023.2203347","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY Tukong is the rumpless indigenous chicken breed of Indonesia. Its features must be described as the basis for their preservation and improvement. The current understanding of the Tukong, including its origin, exterior traits, and production indicators, is presented in this review. As a result, the chicken feather colour varies from greenish-black, reddish-black, bluish-black, brown, and white, with a red pea-shaped comb. The Tukong is a dual-purpose breed categorised as a small-sized bird with a body weight of 1.65 ± 0.82 kg (rooster) and 1.42 ± 0.55 kg (a hen). This breed has the potential to be developed as a meat-producing chicken, which is supported by its high dressing percentage (79.50%). However, the Tukong has low reproduction properties (egg production = 8–14 eggs/6 month period, fertility = 73.51%, hatchability = 81.42–84.26%). The development of the Tukong chicken needs to be increased in order to maintain its sustainability and take advantage of its superiority to other pilot candidates for the formation of new breeds.","PeriodicalId":24003,"journal":{"name":"World's Poultry Science Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"403 - 417"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91199335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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