Appetite最新文献_第8页

An examination of the effect of exposure to calories on menus on body-related self-conscious emotions: Continuing the investigation beyond body dissatisfaction 研究菜单上的卡路里对与身体有关的自我意识情绪的影响：继续调查身体不满意以外的问题。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107821

Sarah C. Galway , Kimberley L. Gammage

Mandatory calorie labelling on restaurant menus has been implemented in several Western countries. The purpose of the present study was to examine direct and indirect effects of the exposure to calorie information on menus on body-related shame, guilt, and hubristic pride. Self-compassion was examined as a moderator, and self-objectification was examined as a mediator. Men and women (N = 359, mean age = 42 years) were recruited on Prolific for a study examining “self-perceptions and menu choices”. Participants were randomly assigned to view a menu with or without calorie information and select a hypothetical meal. Exposure to calories on menus statistically significantly predicted higher body-related shame, but not body-related guilt or body-related hubristic pride. Self-objectification did not mediate the relationship between exposure to calories on menus and body-related shame, guilt, or hubristic pride. Self-compassion moderated the relationship between exposure to calories on menus and body-related shame. Overall, individuals who scored low on self-compassion experienced higher body-related shame after exposure to a restaurant menu with calories. These findings outline potential harmful effects of mandatory calorie labelling that should be taken into account in the mandating and evaluation of such policies.

一些西方国家已经开始在餐厅菜单上强制标注卡路里。本研究的目的是考察菜单上的卡路里信息对与身体相关的羞耻感、负罪感和自大自豪感的直接和间接影响。研究将自我同情作为调节因子，将自我物化作为中介因子。我们在 Prolific 网站上招募了男性和女性（359 人，平均年龄 42 岁）参加一项名为 "自我认知与菜单选择 "的研究。参与者被随机分配查看有或没有卡路里信息的菜单，并选择一份假定的膳食。从统计学角度看，暴露于菜单上的卡路里信息会显著增加与身体有关的羞耻感，但不会增加与身体有关的内疚感或与身体有关的自负感。自我客体化并不能调节暴露于菜单上的卡路里与身体相关的羞耻感、内疚感或自负自豪感之间的关系。自我同情调节了暴露于菜单上的卡路里与身体相关羞耻感之间的关系。总体而言，自我同情得分较低的人在接触到含有卡路里的餐厅菜单后，与身体相关的羞耻感较高。这些研究结果概述了强制性卡路里标签可能产生的有害影响，在制定和评估此类政策时应考虑到这些影响。

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引用次数: 0

The interaction between values and self-identity on fairtrade consumption: The value-identity-behavior model 公平贸易消费中价值观与自我认同的互动：价值-认同-行为模型。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107826

Sara Quach , Robin E. Roberts , Simon Dang , Alec Zuo , Park Thaichon

The interplay between egoistic and altruistic values, self-identity, and ethical behaviors remains underexplored, despite its significance in ethical consumption. This study investigates these dynamics by developing and testing the Value-Identity-Behavior model using a robust dataset of 3023 participants from three leading fairtrade markets in Europe: the U.K., France, and Germany. Our findings reveal that self-identity positively influences willingness to pay (WTP) for fairtrade products, as consumers are more inclined to pay a premium when these products align with their self-concept. Both altruistic and egoistic values shape self-identity, although their impacts differ. Specifically, egoistic values such as monetary, visual, and functional considerations negatively affect WTP, while sensory and altruistic values enhance it. Additionally, egoistic values uniformly moderate the relationship between self-identity and ethical behaviors. Interestingly, altruistic values exert a negative moderating effect, suggesting that when altruistic values are dominant, self-identity expression becomes less critical for ethical purchasing decisions. The study concludes with theoretical insights and practical recommendations for promoting fairtrade products.

利己主义和利他主义价值观、自我认同和道德行为之间的相互作用，尽管在道德消费中具有重要意义，但仍未得到充分探讨。本研究通过开发和测试价值-身份-行为模型来调查这些动态，该模型使用了来自欧洲三个主要公平贸易市场（英国、法国和德国）的3023名参与者的强大数据集。我们的研究结果显示，自我认同正向影响公平贸易产品的支付意愿（WTP），因为当这些产品与消费者的自我概念一致时，消费者更倾向于支付溢价。利他主义和利己主义价值观都塑造了自我认同，尽管它们的影响不同。具体来说，利己主义价值观，如金钱、视觉和功能方面的考虑，会对WTP产生负面影响，而感官和利他主义价值观则会增强WTP。此外，利己主义价值观对自我同一性与伦理行为的关系具有一致的调节作用。有趣的是，利他主义价值观发挥负向调节作用，这表明当利他主义价值观占主导地位时，自我认同表达对道德购买决策的重要性降低。本研究总结了促进公平贸易产品的理论见解和实践建议。

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引用次数: 0

Emotions associated with the intention to purchase sustainable food: An assessment within and between different animal-sourced food categories

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107892

Nienke Böhm , Rouven Doran , Charles A. Ogunbode , Gisela Böhm

This study investigates the role of emotions in predicting sustainable food purchase intentions. A national representative sample from Norway (N = 785) was randomly assigned to rate their emotional response to specific food categories: livestock, capture fishery, aquaculture, and hunting. Emotional responses to each food category were of moderate intensity but there were no significant differences between specific animal-sourced foods. Findings from a series of regression analyses showed that egoistic values positively predict the intensity of positive and negative emotions for all food categories. Additionally, it was shown that individual differences in biospheric values (when strong) and hedonic values (when weak) predicted stronger negative emotions. Further analysis showed that negative emotions are the most consistent predictor of willingness to pay for sustainable animal-sourced food. These findings suggest that negative emotions can potentially be leveraged to enhance sustainable animal-sourced food consumption intentions.

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引用次数: 0

Childcare staff feeding practices associated with Children's willingness-to-try-new-foods 托儿所员工的喂养方式与儿童尝试新食品的意愿有关。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107775

Farah Behbehani , Kristen M. Hurley , Maureen M. Black

Parental feeding practices are associated with children's eating, but little is known about how childcare staff feeding practices relate to children's eating. The study examined the associations between childcare staff feeding practices and children's willingness-to-try-new-foods. Participants included children (n = 460), ages 3–5 years, and childcare staff (n = 91) recruited from 51 childcare centers in 10 Maryland counties. Feeding practices were measured using the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ) adapted to the childcare setting. Children's willingness-to-try-new-foods was assessed using a food tasting activity administered in the childcare centers. Confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were used to evaluate the factor structure of the CFPQ applied to childcare staff, and to identify modified factor structures. Logistic regressions assessed the association between childcare staff feeding practices and children's willingness-to-try-new-foods (categorized as high vs. low). Among this sample, a revised 7-factor, 32-item model, including encourage balance and variety, environment, healthy eating guidance, indulgent, monitoring, pressure, and restriction for health was identified. Children exposed to more indulgent feeding practices in the classroom had 2.13 (95% CI: 1.04, 4.37) times the odds of demonstrating high willingness-to-try-new-foods compared to children exposed to less frequent use of this feeding practice, with no associations among other feeding practices. Understanding mechanisms driving childcare staff feeding practices and their relation to children's eating behavior can inform interventions that promote healthy eating behaviors among young children.

父母的喂养方式与儿童的饮食有关，但托儿所员工的喂养方式与儿童饮食的关系却鲜为人知。本研究探讨了保育员喂养方式与儿童尝试新食物的意愿之间的关系。参与者包括从马里兰州 10 个县 51 个托儿所招募的 3-5 岁儿童（460 人）和托儿所员工（91 人）。采用根据托儿所环境改编的 "综合喂养实践问卷"（CFPQ）对喂养实践进行测量。通过在托儿所开展的食物品尝活动，对儿童尝试新食物的意愿进行了评估。我们使用了确认性和探索性因素分析来评估适用于托儿所员工的 CFPQ 的因素结构，并确定修改后的因素结构。逻辑回归评估了保育员的喂养方式与儿童尝试新食品的意愿（分为高与低两类）之间的关联。在这一样本中，确定了一个经过修订的 7 个因素、32 个项目的模型，包括鼓励平衡和多样化、环境、健康饮食指导、放纵、监督、压力和健康限制。与较少使用这种喂养方式的儿童相比，在课堂上接触较多放纵喂养方式的儿童表现出尝试新食物的高意愿的几率是后者的2.13倍（95% CI：1.04，4.37），而其他喂养方式之间没有关联。了解托儿所员工喂养方式的驱动机制及其与儿童饮食行为的关系，可以为促进幼儿健康饮食行为的干预措施提供依据。

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引用次数: 0

A recipe for health: A descriptive qualitative study examining paternal influence and the establishment of children's healthy eating habits in Singapore 健康的处方：一项考察父亲影响和新加坡健康饮食习惯建立的描述性定性研究。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107835

Geraldine Korra Shaw , Nicholas Beng Hui Ng , Qiao Xin Jamie Ng , Shefaly Shorey

This study aimed to explore Singaporean fathers' perceived influence over their children's eating habits. A descriptive qualitative study design was used. Convenience sampling was used to recruit fathers of children aged 3–21 years old from a general paediatric outpatient clinic in a tertiary public hospital. Data were collected from September 2023 to January 2024. Fifteen fathers were interviewed until data saturation. A semi-structured interview guide was used to conduct virtual interviews and thematic analysis was used for data analysis. Three themes and nine subthemes were identified. The three themes were: (1) laying a good foundation, (2) circumstances shaping perspectives, and (3) agents of future behavioural change. Fathers perceived themselves as influencing their children's eating habits by laying a good foundation and that their perspectives were influenced by their circumstances such as lack of time and gender roles. Fathers identified elements that could initiate their future behaviour change to better influence their children's eating habits. These findings provide nuanced insights into paternal perceptions, for the future development of father-specific interventions to enhance their influence in promoting good eating habits among their children. Healthcare professionals can encourage paternal involvement through providing health education on healthy nutrition for their children to both mothers and fathers in the clinical setting. Healthcare professionals can also organize hands-on events that teach about food exploration and nutrition for fathers to take part in with their children.

本研究旨在探讨新加坡父亲对孩子饮食习惯的感知影响。采用描述性定性研究设计。采用方便抽样的方法，在某三级公立医院儿科普通门诊招募3 ~ 21岁儿童的父亲。数据收集时间为2023年9月至2024年1月。对15位父亲进行了访谈，直到数据饱和。采用半结构化访谈指南进行虚拟访谈，采用专题分析进行数据分析。确定了三个主题和九个次级主题。三个主题是：(1)奠定良好的基础；(2)环境塑造观点；(3)未来行为改变的动因。父亲们认为自己为孩子的饮食习惯打下了良好的基础，从而影响了孩子的饮食习惯，而他们的观点则受到自己所处环境的影响，如时间不够和性别角色。父亲们发现了可以引发他们未来行为改变的因素，从而更好地影响孩子的饮食习惯。这些发现为父亲的观念提供了细致入微的见解，有助于未来发展针对父亲的干预措施，以增强他们在促进子女良好饮食习惯方面的影响力。保健专业人员可通过在临床环境中向母亲和父亲提供有关儿童健康营养的健康教育，鼓励父亲参与。医疗保健专业人员也可以组织动手活动，教父亲如何探索食物和营养，让他们和孩子一起参加。

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引用次数: 0

Responses to (Un)healthy advice: Processing and acceptance of health content creators’ nutrition misinformation by youth 对（非）健康建议的回应：青少年对健康内容创作者营养错误信息的处理和接受

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107812

Margot Lissens , Darian Harff , Desiree Schmuck

Health information, particularly about nutrition, has flourished on social media in recent years. However, these claims often lack proper scrutiny enhancing the risk of misinformation. Nutrition misinformation on social media can originate from various sources including influencers, celebrities, and (freelance) journalists, who often have substantial reach. We conducted a between-subjects experiment, manipulating presence of misinformation and source type (influencer/celebrity/journalist), among N = 480 youth aged 16–22 years. We investigated how nutrition misinformation affects their nutrition (mis)beliefs and dieting. We also tested the moderating role of participants' issue involvement and the mediating role of the sources' perceived expertise. We found that youth remained largely unaffected by nutrition misinformation. However, perceived source expertise acted as a heuristic cue to determine trust in an unknown health content creator. This perceived expertise, in turn, increased perceived healthiness of food products mentioned by the ‘expert’ content creator regardless of misinformation exposure.

近年来，健康信息，尤其是营养信息，在社交媒体上蓬勃发展。然而，这些说法往往缺乏适当的审查，增加了错误信息的风险。社交媒体上的营养错误信息可以来自各种来源，包括有影响力的人、名人和（自由撰稿人）记者，他们通常有很大的影响力。我们进行了一项被试之间的实验，在N = 480名年龄在16至22岁之间的年轻人中，操纵错误信息的存在和来源类型（影响者/名人/记者）。我们调查了营养错误信息如何影响他们的营养（错误）信念和节食。我们还测试了被试的问题介入的调节作用和来源的感知专业知识的中介作用。我们发现年轻人基本上不受营养错误信息的影响。然而，感知源专业知识充当启发式线索，以确定对未知健康内容创建者的信任。这种感知到的专业知识反过来又增加了“专家”内容创建者所提到的食品的健康感知，而不管错误信息的曝光。

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引用次数: 0

A systematic review and meta-analysis of visual cues and primes for nudging consumption-related behaviours 对推动消费相关行为的视觉线索和启动物的系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107813

Enola Kay , Eva Kemps , Ivanka Prichard

Healthy diets are crucial for maintaining overall well-being and reducing risk of health complications. Visual cues and primes are popular implicit nudging techniques for promoting healthier consumption habits. The present review and meta-analysis was conducted and reported according to PRISMA guidelines. It aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of these cues and primes for nudging consumption-related behaviours. Six electronic databases were comprehensively searched for experimental studies on the use of non-marketing-based visual cues/primes on food/beverage consumption. Sixty-six studies from 52 articles were included, resulting in 205 comparisons categorised into seven groups for separate analyses: (1) healthy food- and (2) body-related nudges, and (3) unhealthy food- and (4) body-related nudges, versus neutral controls; (5) mixed-health food- and (6) body-related comparisons; and (7) nudges not inherently health-related. Overall, nudges effectively influenced consumption-related behaviours. Healthier food- and body-nudges encouraged healthier behaviours relative to neutral controls and less healthy nudges, and unhealthy food-nudges, relative to neutral controls. Non-health-related nudges influenced behaviours in the expected direction, relative to comparison/control conditions. Nudge effectiveness, especially for unhealthy food-nudges, was moderated by participant age and weight, nudge timing (prime/cue) outcome measure (intake/choice), health (mixed/healthy/unhealthy), and whether the outcome was real or hypothetical. A range of participant, nudge, and outcome-related mechanisms proposed to underlie nudge effectiveness were also identified. Findings supported the efficacy of visual cues and primes for eliciting changes in consumption-related behaviours, indicating they may be effective for encouraging healthier consumption, when the right nudges are used. Results also indicated that different forms of nudges may be more appropriate in different circumstances (e.g., for different types of participants or food-related outcomes). Further research is needed to thoroughly comprehend the mechanisms underlying these nudges and their effectiveness.

健康饮食对于维持整体健康和减少健康并发症的风险至关重要。视觉提示和启动是促进更健康的消费习惯的流行隐性推动技术。本综述和荟萃分析是根据PRISMA指南进行和报告的。它旨在评估这些提示和启动对推动消费相关行为的有效性。对六个电子数据库进行了全面搜索，以进行关于在食品/饮料消费中使用非基于营销的视觉线索/启动物的实验研究。纳入了来自52篇文章的66项研究，结果将205项比较分为7组进行单独分析：(1)健康食品和(2)与身体相关的推动，以及(3)不健康食品和(4)与身体相关的推动，与中性对照；(5)混合健康食品和(6)与身体相关的比较；(7)轻推本身与健康无关。总体而言，轻推有效地影响了消费相关行为。相对于中性对照组，健康的食物和身体刺激会鼓励更健康的行为，而相对于中性对照组，不健康的食物刺激会鼓励不健康的行为。相对于比较/控制条件，非健康相关的轻推影响了预期方向的行为。轻推的有效性，特别是对于不健康食物的轻推，受到参与者年龄和体重、轻推时机（启动/提示）结果测量（摄入/选择）、健康（混合/健康/不健康）以及结果是真实的还是假设的影响。研究还确定了一系列参与者、助推和结果相关机制，这些机制是助推有效性的基础。研究结果支持视觉线索和启动物在诱导消费相关行为变化方面的有效性，表明如果使用正确的推动，它们可能有效地鼓励更健康的消费。结果还表明，不同形式的轻推可能在不同的情况下更合适（例如，对于不同类型的参与者或与食物相关的结果）。需要进一步的研究来彻底了解这些推动的机制及其有效性。

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引用次数: 0

Challenge your customer: How businesses may trigger change in perceived barriers, capability, and consumption 挑战您的客户：业务如何触发感知障碍、能力和消费方面的变化。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107829

Catalin M. Stancu , Jessica Aschemann-Witzel , Alice Grønhøj , Maartje D.G.H. Mulders

The global environmental issues require that we redesign food systems. Transitioning towards more plant-based diets is crucial, but there is a gap observed between consumers’ intention and behaviour. We propose that businesses in the food sector can play a role by challenging their potential customers to overcome the gap. Drawing on the holistic COM-B model of behaviour change as well as the concept of self-nudging, we conduct an intervention study that shows how a business-driven marketing campaign that mimics challenges in the style of Veganuary could provide an opportunity for change. The mixed methods evaluation reveals that participants significantly reduced meat consumption frequency and maintained this at two months after the challenge. Perceived barriers to eating more plant-based food decreased, while perceived capability to reduce meat consumption increased. Participants talk about health and environment as motives as well as social eating contexts as barriers. We discuss implications for the role of businesses and their marketing activities in the transition to a more sustainable food system.

全球环境问题要求我们重新设计粮食系统。向更多的植物性饮食过渡是至关重要的，但我们观察到消费者的意愿和行为之间存在差距。我们建议食品行业的企业可以通过挑战潜在客户来发挥作用，以克服这一差距。利用行为改变的整体COM-B模型以及自我推动的概念，我们进行了一项干预研究，展示了商业驱动的营销活动如何模仿Veganuary风格的挑战，可以提供变革的机会。混合方法评估显示，参与者显著减少了肉类消费频率，并在挑战后两个月保持这种情况。人们认为食用更多植物性食物的障碍减少了，而减少肉类消费的能力增强了。参与者认为健康和环境是动机，社会饮食环境是障碍。讨论企业及其营销活动在向更可持续的粮食系统过渡过程中的作用。

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引用次数: 0

Development and validation of a brief form of the Anticipated Effects of Food Scale 食品标度预期效应简表的开发与验证。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107843

Jenna R. Cummings , Natasha Treharne , Uku Vainik , Ashley E. Mason , Tonja R. Nansel , Leah M. Lipsky , Ashley N. Gearhardt

Identifying malleable influences on eating behaviours will advance our ability to improve physical and mental health. Food-related emotional expectancies are the anticipated positive and negative emotions from eating different foods and are theorised to affect eating behaviour, and to be amenable to change. The Anticipated Effects of Food Scale (AEFS) assesses food-related emotional expectancies using 62 one-word items; however, a shorter questionnaire would be useful in large and clinical studies. In the present study, we developed a brief version of the AEFS, named the AEFS-Brief (AEFS-B), using a data-driven approach. We identified candidate items from all-subset correlations with the AEFS and item-level correlations with eating behaviours in two community samples (n = 247, n = 718), and we assessed internal consistency and validity of the AEFS-B. We further assessed internal consistency and validity in two independent samples (n = 200, n = 108) that completed a ‘bogus’ taste test or 24-h dietary recalls. Results indicated that the AEFS-B with 28 one-word items had good internal consistency and convergent validity with the AEFS. Analysis with AEFS-B scores reproduced associations of AEFS scores with intake of added sugars, symptoms of food addiction, eating to cope motives, and ad libitum food intake. We also demonstrated novel associations of AEFS and AEFS-B scores with emotional eating and diet quality. The AEFS-B appears to be a reliable and valid brief measure of food-related emotional expectancies that can be used in cohort and population studies, ecological momentary assessments, and for clinical populations in which participant burden is high.

确定饮食行为的可塑影响将提高我们改善身心健康的能力。与食物相关的情绪预期是人们在吃不同食物时预期的积极和消极情绪，理论上可以影响饮食行为，并且是可以改变的。食物预期效应量表（AEFS）使用62个单词条目来评估与食物相关的情绪期望；然而，在大型和临床研究中，较短的问卷将是有用的。在本研究中，我们使用数据驱动的方法开发了AEFS的简要版本，命名为AEFS- brief （AEFS- b）。我们从两个社区样本（n = 247, n = 718）中与AEFS的全子集相关性和与饮食行为的项目水平相关性中确定候选项目，并评估了AEFS- b的内部一致性和有效性。我们进一步评估了两个独立样本（n = 200, n = 108）的内部一致性和有效性，这些样本完成了“虚假”味觉测试或24小时饮食召回。结果表明，28份单词题AEFS- b与AEFS具有较好的内部一致性和收敛效度。对AEFS- b评分的分析再现了AEFS评分与添加糖摄入、食物成瘾症状、为应对动机而进食和随意食物摄入的关联。我们还证明了AEFS和AEFS- b评分与情绪饮食和饮食质量之间的新关联。AEFS-B似乎是一种可靠和有效的食物相关情绪预期的简短测量方法，可用于队列和人群研究，生态瞬时评估以及参与者负担高的临床人群。

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引用次数: 0

The time-stamped effects of screen exposure on food intake in adults: A meta-analysis of experimental studies 屏幕暴露对成人食物摄入的时间戳效应：实验研究的荟萃分析。

IF 4.6 2区医学 Q1 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES

Appetite

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2024.107846

Jing Bai , Hao Zhu , Xiaowen Ran , Haiyan Qu , Li He , Yang Zhao

Objective

The purpose of this study was to examine time-stamped impacts of screen exposure on food intake among healthy adults.

Methods

Four electronic databases were searched up to August 31, 2024, including ProQuest, PubMed, Web of Science and Embase. A meta-analysis of inverse variance was used to calculate the standardized mean difference (SMD) in food intake between watching and not watching screen groups, and groups with different screen contents (e.g., food cues).

Results

23 experimental studies with 1894 participants were included. Watching screen (vs. not watching group, SMD: 0.16; 95% CI: 0.06, 0.26; I² = 42%; p 0.01) significantly increased food intake, while the impact of the contents, including food cues, weight control cues and TV conditions, displayed on screens on food intake was not significantly different. Subgroup analysis revealed that food intake increased significantly with exposure to screens in females (SMD: 0.20; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.35; I² = 25%; p = 0.01).

Conclusion

Adults especially females eat more while watching screen, whatever the screen content displayed on the screen. Given the influence of study designs, more within-subject studies with high quality were required to understand the intricate relationship between screen exposure and food intake, ultimately managing promoting healthier dietary habits.

目的：本研究的目的是检查屏幕暴露对健康成年人食物摄入的时间戳影响。方法：检索截至2024年8月31日的ProQuest、PubMed、Web of Science和Embase 4个电子数据库。采用反方差荟萃分析计算观看组和不看组以及不同屏幕内容（如食物提示）组之间食物摄入量的标准化平均差异（SMD）。结果：纳入23项实验研究，1,894名参与者。观看画面(vs.非观看组，SMD: 0.16；95% ci: 0.06, 0.26；I2 = 42%;pI2 = 25%；P = 0.01)。结论：不管屏幕上显示什么内容，成年人尤其是女性在看屏幕时吃得更多。考虑到研究设计的影响，需要更多高质量的主题内研究来了解屏幕暴露与食物摄入之间的复杂关系，最终促进更健康的饮食习惯。

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引用次数: 0