Researchers World最新文献

{"title":"RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF SERVICE QUALITY DIMENSIONS AND THEIR IMPACT ON CUSTOMER SATISFACTION IN PUBLIC SECTOR BANKS FROM NORTHERN INDIA","authors":"Ritu Sehgal","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/05","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION:Research on customer satisfaction is often closely associated with the measurement of quality (East, 1997). Customer satisfaction often depends on the quality of product or service offering (Anderson & Sullivan, 1993); (Levesque & McDougall, 1996). Service quality and customer satisfaction are inarguably be two core concepts that are at the crux of marketing theory and practice (Spreng & Mackoy, 1996). (Parasuraman et al., 1988) defined service quality as \"a global judgment or attitude, relating to the overall superiority of the service\". Service quality has been described in the form of attitude that results from the comparison of expectations with performance (Cronin & Taylor, 1992); (Parasuraman et al., 1985). (Sureshchander et al., 2001) identified five factors of service quality as critical from customers' point of view. These factors are namely core service or service products, human elements of service delivery, systematization of service delivery. (Yang et al., 2004) identified five online service quality dimensions such as responsiveness, reliability, competence, access and security. In today's world of intense competition, the key to sustainable competitive advantage lies in delivering high quality service that will in turn result in satisfying customers (Shemwell et al., 1998). Now due to the globalization and technological advancements, banks are also bestowing many new and advanced facilities/services to their customers to fulfill their needs as per their expectations. The advanced way of providing services to the banking customers is electronic banking. The various services through electronic banking are Internet banking, Electronic Fund Transfer (EFT), Electronic Clearing Services (ECS), ATMs, National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT) system and card based payment systems. Internet banking is the major focus of modern banking system which has resulted in increasing number of customers switching from traditional banking to such banking channel which can be accessed through Internet. It is important for the banks to recognize the importance of improving Internet banking services so that existing customers can receive desired level of service quality and at the same time newer customers can also be attracted also.A thorough review of literature on customer satisfaction in banking industry has shown that there are very less studies which could analyze the customer satisfaction due to Internet banking operations in Northern India. Accordingly, the researcher has conducted this study to fill the research gap relating to the analysis of customer satisfaction with regard to Internet banking operations in Northern India.LITERATURE REVIEW:(Liao & Cheung, 2002) in their study titled 'Internet Based e-Banking and Consumer Attitudes: An Empirical Study' identified and measured the consumers' attitude towards and willingness to use internet based e -banking. The analysis showed that expectations of accuracy, security, network speed, ","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114405780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Educational Science Students' Attitudes toward Internship in Shahid Maghsoudi University of Hamedan, Iran","authors":"Mohammd Jamshidi, Yaser Gohari Vosoug, A. A. Jadidian","doi":"10.18843/rwjasc/v8i3(1)/19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/rwjasc/v8i3(1)/19","url":null,"abstract":"This article aimed to investigate the attitudes of educational science students on internship. It also aimed to study the effect of internship on professional growth and academic qualifications of future teachers from the perspective of intake of students and teachers in Shahid Maghsoudi Pardis of Hamedan University in 2013. This is a descriptive survey. The statistical population consisted of 108 students of undergraduate program using krejcie-Morgan table. Random sampling was employed. A 24-item researcher-designed questionnaire was employed. The items were scored on a Likert scale. Face and Content validity was verified by the comments of five psychology and psychometrics professors. Cronbach's alpha was used for verifying the reliability. It was reported 0.90. Inferential data analysis was used. Appropriate parametric test (one-sample t-test) was used after the verification of data normality through the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Findings showed that passing internship was effective in the acquisition of professional skills, scientific competence, job satisfaction, familiarity with work environment, use of professional teachers' experience, and students' interest on teaching from the perspective of teachers and students. In-service internship was ineffective in this regard.","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128598227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Owners' Perceptions on Healthy Housing Quality of Large Residential Apartments in Pondicherry","authors":"N. Sinouvassane, B. Charumathi","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134107852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Government Expenditures on Economic Growth in the Province of South Sulawesi","authors":"M. Arif, Susilo, Umar Burhan, Tri Wahyudi","doi":"10.18843/rwjasc/v8i3/06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/rwjasc/v8i3/06","url":null,"abstract":"(ProQuest: ... denotes formulae omitted.)INTRODUCTION:The benchmarks are important in determining the success of economic development where economic growth represents a real impact on development policies implemented. Economic growth is closely linked to the process of increasing the production of goods and services in the local economy. Some studies argued that the impact of government spending on economic growth is negative or insignificant (Akpan 2005, Laudau, 1983). Donald and Shuanglin, 1993). The economic growth is associated with the allocation of expenditure. The empirical literature suggests that some researchers believe that there is no impact of public spending on economic growth (Gupta et al., 2002). The description of the government spending effect on education, health and infrastructure to economic growth that is different, it is necessary to study how the influence expenditure the government to economic growth, let alone the South Sulawesi government to make education, health and infrastructure as a strategic sector which is the basis of development.RESEARCH METHODS:The Scope of Research:This study discusses the effect of government spending on education, health and infrastructure to economic growth. This research was conducted at 24 (twenty four hour) districts / cities in South Sulawesi province. The details of the districts / cities can be presented in Table 1 as follows:TYPES AND SOURCES OF DATA :The data used in this research is secondary data or data that has been collected by others. The data on government spending (for education, health, and infrastructure) and the economic growth data for the abovementioned districts / cities in South Sulawesi during the period of 2009-2012 is studied. Secondary data sources are generally obtained from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), Financial Management Agency (BPKD), Planning, South Sulawesi, and other institutions in South Sulawesi that are relevant to the data contained in this study, as well as internet sites.DEFINITION AND MEASUREMENT OF VARIABLES:The definition and measurement of variables are intended to explain the variables being studied which is explained in Table 2. In other words, these are the guidelines for how to measure a variable.DATA ANALYSIS METHODModel analysis in this study is inferential, the panel data analysis methods. Estimation of the econometric model used in this study Fixed Effect Model (FEM), which is an approach to estimate panel data using dummy variables to see any difference intercept a cross section and time series are caused by ommited variable. Estimating panel data model with the approach used by the method of estimation techniques Generalized Least Square (GLS). The model of the equation is as follows:...Wherein:PER = Economic GrowthPPP = Expenses EducationPPK = Health ExpenditurePPI = Spending On InfrastructureIt = Error Term-0 = Intercept1-3 = Coefficient ParameterI = District Or Cities In ProvincesT = Time PeriodRESULTS AND DISCUSSION :Based ","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134409726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Advantages of Non-Legal Methods of Dispute Settlements in International Space Law","authors":"S. Koosha","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3(1)/15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3(1)/15","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION:The law provides the rules and justification for dispute settlement. The evolution of international dispute settlement has following five phases:a)There was the concept of just war which allowed the enforcement of rights and obligations between states through a legally accepted use of armed force; b) Realization of the importance of peaceful settlement of dispute between states and before adhoc bodies; c) The establishment of Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) by 1899 treaty, with the awareness of the urgency to establish a standing body; d) The establishment of the Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ), International Court of Justice (ICJ), regional bodies such as European Court of Justice (ECJ), The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) and International Center for the Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID) after World War II and in early 1980s; e) The established of various human rights commissions and tribunals (Rosanne, 1991: 4).These evolutions show clear inclinations away from the use of force and dispute settlement towards recourse to third party compulsory mandatory jurisdiction and binding decision making powers. Generally speaking, a dispute occurs when a party perceives itself to be injured; decide some other party is responsible; from a sense of entitlement to some kind of redress, and formulate a specific claim which is rejected by the other party. The method of dispute settlement to be chosen by parties depends upon following factors:a)The extent of the interaction and interdependence of the actors involved; b) Whether the parties are in a continuing relationship with each other, their relative bargaining power and ability to exert influence on each other; c) Their geographical and political relationship with each other and third party; d) The similarities or differences in their political, cultural or economic ideology; e) The history of their relationships and the methods of dispute settlement used in the past between them; and, f) Their respective commitments to international law and principle of peaceful settlement of dispute (Surds & Shany, 1999:28).The Charter of United Nations (UN) provides, in Art. 2(3) and (4), two parallel obligations, requiring all members to settle their international disputes by peaceful means in a manner that international peace and security and justice are not endangered; and to refrain from any treat or use of force in their international relations against the territorial integrity or political independence of any state, or in any other manner inconsistent with the purpose(s) of the UN (Watts, 2001:21). Article 33 of the charter of UN requires that parties of any disputes which the continuance of it is likely to endanger the maintenance of international peace and security shall first of all seek a solution by \"negotiation, equity, mediation, conclusion, arbitration, judicial settlement, resort to regional agencies or arrangement\" (Watts, 2001:21).In this paper we are abou","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"C-20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126778758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Need Assessment of Learning Materials of Indonesian for Academic Purposes for Speakers of Other Languages","authors":"Ari Kusmiatun, I. Suyitno, Widodo Hs., I. Basuki","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/16","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesian for speakers of other languages, known as BIPA, generally aims at ensuring the ability of learners to speaking Indonesian fluently. A significant element at BIPA is the learning materials. This study aims to describe the material elements and their role within BIPA learning for academic purposes based on the needs of learners. This study employed a qualitative descriptive model. The data of this study was obtained through questionnaires, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The setting of this study involved ten national institutions which offer BIPA courses. This research involved 113 respondents, which consisted of 95 learners, 14 instructors, and 4 experts. The data obtained was then analyzed using a qualitative model. The results of this study reveal two important findings. First, materials used in BIPA play four roles and functions for both learners and instructors of BIPA for academic purposes. Second, the result reveals that the learning materials should cover (1) language used in academic context, (2) the use of standard Indonesian, (3) Indonesian terms for particular disciplines, (4) the use of Indonesian in research area, and (5) academic culture in Indonesian context. The results of this need assessment lay the foundation of developing BIPA material for academic purposes.","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127988006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PREVALENCE OF SOCIAL ANXIETY IN STUDENTS OF COLLEGE OF EDUCATION – UNIVERSITY OF GARMIAN","authors":"Rukhos Jabar Ahmad, H. Bayan, Tahir Faque, Pegah. Seidi","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3(1)/12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3(1)/12","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION:We are social beings and always in emotional need for social communication, but this connection is not easily possible for all. Such factors as lack of self-confidence, fear of rejection, criticism, etc. cause people feel anxious in social situations. The anxiety, in severe cases, becomes a disorder called social phobia or social anxiety disorder (American Psychiatry Association, 2013).This is one of the prevalent disorders which shows comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Social anxiety disorder imposes negative effects on different aspects of patient's life, including educational, social, family and interpersonal relationships dimensions (Taylor and et al., 2016). The disorder causes a persistent fear of social situations in which person may be embarrassed when exposed to unfamiliar people or under observation of others (Ghaedi and et al., 2010). Therefore, people with social phobia may avoid such situations or experience a lot of tension at work.Due to undesirable process and prognosis of the disorder, psychologists and psychiatrists have recently concentrated on this disorder (Morrison and et al., 2016). The epidemiological studies showed that the prevalence of social anxiety disorder in lifetime is 13.3 %. After major depression disorder and alcohol dependence, this disorder is the third most common disorder in the general population and it is also the most prevalent anxiety disorder (Menezes and et al., 2011).One of the most common symptoms of social phobia is fear of speaking in front of people. Studies show that 89.4% of people with social anxiety are afraid of speaking to others which is the most common fear factor in these people (Faravelli and et al., 2000). In college, this is normally more important since s/he is required to speak against others and to participate in social activities more than before. In fact, college years are the last years of adolescence, consequently, the other people's opinions are more important for them. That is why people with high self-expectations experience increased anxiety if their expectations are not met.In recent decades, many studies have addressed the prevalence and factors associated with students' social anxiety; e.g. Momeni and et al. (2015). Relatively high prevalence of social phobia has been reported in Iranian college students. Bani Mustafa and et al. (2014), in a study of Jordanian students, reported similar results. Bella and et al. (2009), in a similar study in Nigeria, investigated the prevalence of social phobia and factors associated with it. They reported Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of this disorder in students respectively as 9.4 and 8.5. Salina and et al. (2008) studied medical students in Malaysia. They found that most students experience significant social anxiety symptoms. The prevalence of social anxiety in this study was reportedly 2.11%.In another study in Sweden, Tillfors and et al. (2007) showed that there were mild to severe forms of the disorder a","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"3 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132575079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THE AFFECTIVITY OF COGNITION THERAPY BASE ON MIND AWARENESS ON THE CONTROL OF THE ANGER OF THE STUDENTS LIVING IN THE SUBURBS WHO ARE SUBJECT TO CRIME IN SARI","authors":"Iman Zadeh, Maliheh Mehdikhani, Reisian Zadeh Fatemeh","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/08","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION:An one of the main purposes of education is to prepare a situation for a complete growth of an individual and a treating healthy and effective humans for playing role in individual and social life. A since students as the main parts of the in country's educational system, have special role and position in achieving the goals of educational system, paying attention to this class of the society in terms of education and treatment will lead to an increasing effort sconce of educational and treating system of the society (Birami et al,2013). One factor that threatens the student's health, is anger if this factor is a lot, causes fear and disappointment and endangers the mental and physical health of the students (Narimani et al,2012). Anger affects all aspects of the students' growth and health. Their physical growth will be disturbed because of loads of stress and tension. It will cause reduction effects in their mental or cognitive growth and decreases their learning and educational improvements it will cause lots of problems for their mental-emotional growth and disturbs their social relations with others (the same age as them or the older ones). Therefore, avoiding anger has an effective role in providing their physical, mental and social health of the students and is offered as a solution in both protection and cure (Ashrafi et al,2014). consider anger as a biological mental state that is along with muscular tension and automatic neuro systematic stimulation and ranges from slight sadness to being really angry and furious (Arab et al,2011). April (1982) describes \"anger as an appositive excitement that is related to aggression, social life, symbolism and self-awareness in terms of biology. In terms of psychology, they consider it in according with correcting perceptual errors and in terms of social-cultural. He considers it to support accepted standards in behaviour (Khalili et al,2015). American psychological Association (2009) defines anger as a useful excitement that if it is out of control and affects the interpersonal relationship, can also be harmful. Conceptually, anger is like disagreeing or disliking a person or a situation that can be along with irrigation, fury, high excitements, anger and enmity (Khalili et al,2015).Also cognition therapy based on mental awareness is a short-term and structural interference. Human mind investigates the past events and tries to predicts the future, so it gets uneasy. Therefore, being aware of the thoughts, motions and excitements may not seem useful but learning these can stop self-judging and selfcriticism effectively (Mehdikhani,2016). All of the practices of aware minds, prepares paying attention to physical situations in time and decreases automatic processing's of anger. Therapies based on mind awareness has a high effectiveness on treating some reported clinical disorders and physical illnesses because it deals with both physical and mental aspects (Alghasi zadeh et al,2016). since ","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"122 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127769873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Academic Procrastination among International Graduate Students: The Role of Personality Traits, the Big-Five Personality Trait Taxonomy","authors":"Karim Alzangana","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3(1)/01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3(1)/01","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION:Procrastination is a serious problem in both business and academia, and is also one of the most widespread problems in the general population. Although, it might be considered as normal or positive behavior(Chun, Chu & Choi 2005), most studies refer to academic procrastination as a harmful phenomenon which adversely affects individual performance (Rothblum & Mann, 1988; Steel, 2007; Klassen et al., 2010; Brownlow, 2000) in addition to its negative impact on individual mental health (Stober, & Joormann, 2001; Tamiru, 2008). Academic procrastination and the permanent postponing of tasks without logical justification is a universal problem among university students. Steel (2007) reports that almost 50% of college students procrastinate consistently and problematically. Ozer, Demir and Ferrari (2009) have reported that academic procrastination is considered to be one of the most problematic issues among English speaking university students.The seriousness of this problem is enhanced by the fact that it is not limited to a particular age, gender or culture, but is common in males and females, young and old, employed and unemployed, educated and uneducated. Several researchers have shown the relationship between academic procrastination and personality traits (McCown & Johnson, 1991; Di Fabio, 2006). Klassen et al. (2008) indicate that there are a few studies which have investigated procrastination from a cross-culture standpoint, indicating the importance of using participants from outside Western countries. Then this study aimed to investigate The role of personality traits in academic procrastination among international graduate students.Results from several studies have shown a significant correlation between academic procrastination and several personality characteristics. Klassen, Krawchuk and Rajani (2008) conducted research to examine the relationship among academic procrastination, self-efficacy, self-esteem, self-regulation, and self-efficacy for self-regulation, reporting that although the result showed a significant positive relationship among academic procrastination and these four variables, the results indicate that self-efficacy for self-regulation was most predictive of procrastination tendency. In order to determine the relationship between procrastination and personality traits, as well as to organize attributes into groups of similar characteristics, the researcher sought to combine those characteristics under the factor name. To achieve that goal, previous researchers have benefited from the Big Five theory (Steel, 2007).Based on the theory of the Big Five factors taxonomy and what has been referred to before, each of these factors consists of a set of traits which constitute the overall structure of each factor: Conscientiousness reflects self-regulation, organisation, and achievement motivation, Neuroticism includes irrational beliefs, anxiety, and depression, Extraversion reflects positive characteristics such as be","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129967564","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LEARNING FROM CATASTROPHES AND LEADERSHIP THOUGHT","authors":"Pelin Vardarlier","doi":"10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18843/RWJASC/V8I3/17","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION:In the face of rapidly changing world, the success of achieving short and long-term goals of organizations mostly depends on empowering employees with necessary knowledge and skills and building a team that can cope up during possible business troubles (Tekin & Zerenler, 2008). The figure who will undertake this responsibility is called a leader who is usually the manager of the organization. Leaders are categorized under various names and adjectives depending on their successes or failures in times of crises (Canoz & Ondogan, 2015). It is obvious that managing the catastrophe risk in an organization needs more of leadership skills rather than routine managerial skills. A good leader should be well prepared for a crisis or any kind of catastrophe. A leader may prevent recurrence of a crisis, diminish the effects of an occurring one and shorten the duration of it. The new leader will turn negative effects of a catastrophe into positive ones by evaluating the human factor in business (Klan, 2003). Leadership is sometimes a congenital character feature coming from birth, sometimes a quality of a certain status held in an organization and a sort of natural human behavior. Leadership is a process of interaction between the leader and members of a group (Aydin, 2000) (Erdogan, 2000). Crisis leadership requires qualities like an integration of competences, abilities and manners that enable a leader to design for, respond to, and learn from catastrophic situations (Brockner & James, 2008) (James & Wooten, 2005).There is an increasing understanding in the relationship between the importance of leadership and catastrophe. Leaders with emotional intelligence competencies are effective leaders during hard times. Skills like empathy, self-awareness, persuasion and the ability to manage relationships would be important in catastrophe and risk management (Lockwood & SPHR, 2005). The very first thing a leader should do in time of emergency is to create and sustain the credibility of the organization and reliability among crisis stakeholders such as employees, customers, suppliers, partners, investors, media, governmental bodies and special interest groups. For profit organizations, there are more valuable things than money such as the reputation and brand value of the organization in the marketplace. Therefore, a leader is supposed to manage and protect these values in the time of catastrophes. The new leader manages this with leadership abilities, such as strategic thinking, interaction, empowerment, confidence and integrity (Lockwood & SPHR, 2005). In this sense, communication will emerge as a vital factor. A good leader recognize that media, almost on a daily basis, have the ability to introduce an organization in or out of catastrophe. In cases such as product recalls, corporate fraud, employee discrimination, media and public relations will have extreme importance and communication skills of leaders are critical in managing the situation (Woote","PeriodicalId":243104,"journal":{"name":"Researchers World","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126493488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}