Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604396
Yong He, Haihong Yu, H. Fang
By analyzing a number of GPS data, a principle was found that GPS single point location data was composed of position excursion and normal distribution. In order to separate the position excursion from normal distribution, normality elimination method was advanced. First, calculated average latitude and longitude coordinate of GPS data as central coordinate of normal distribution. Then, calculated confidence interval [-sigma, sigma] and removed excursion points outside of it. Finally, calculate a radius of the circle that ensure 70~80% points falling in the circle, namely defined threshold lambda as 0.7~0.8. By reason that the property of 70~80% points was able to take the place of all points, the method could be feasible and the result was obvious. Aimed at the location error of GPS single point measurement was large, a new method of two points relative location measurement was put forward which used two GPS receivers to acquire location data separately and simultaneously at two endpoints of a certain distance. The experiment results indicated that when threshold lambda was 0.7, the previous measurement error of single point location experiment was above 10m. However, after using the new method, the location error was about 1.2m. It was turned out that the latter improved measurement accuracy greatly
{"title":"Study on Improving GPS Measurement Accuracy","authors":"Yong He, Haihong Yu, H. Fang","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604396","url":null,"abstract":"By analyzing a number of GPS data, a principle was found that GPS single point location data was composed of position excursion and normal distribution. In order to separate the position excursion from normal distribution, normality elimination method was advanced. First, calculated average latitude and longitude coordinate of GPS data as central coordinate of normal distribution. Then, calculated confidence interval [-sigma, sigma] and removed excursion points outside of it. Finally, calculate a radius of the circle that ensure 70~80% points falling in the circle, namely defined threshold lambda as 0.7~0.8. By reason that the property of 70~80% points was able to take the place of all points, the method could be feasible and the result was obvious. Aimed at the location error of GPS single point measurement was large, a new method of two points relative location measurement was put forward which used two GPS receivers to acquire location data separately and simultaneously at two endpoints of a certain distance. The experiment results indicated that when threshold lambda was 0.7, the previous measurement error of single point location experiment was above 10m. However, after using the new method, the location error was about 1.2m. It was turned out that the latter improved measurement accuracy greatly","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131101253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604109
S. Mukhopadhyay, C. Gooneratne, S. Demidenko, G. S. Gupta
The paper has described the design and fabrication works towards the development of a low cost sensing technique based on planar electromagnetic sensor operating with radio-frequency excitation. Computer aided computation being fast allows the on-line monitoring of the quality. The on-line sensing system suitable for the dairy industry needs to possess several key qualities including cost effectiveness, high reliability both in terms of measurement accuracy and speed of measurement. Also the sensor technology has to be able to perform volumetric penetrative measurement in order to measure properties through out the product and this could be achieved by employing planar type sensing technique
{"title":"Low Cost Sensing System for Dairy Products Quality Monitoring","authors":"S. Mukhopadhyay, C. Gooneratne, S. Demidenko, G. S. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604109","url":null,"abstract":"The paper has described the design and fabrication works towards the development of a low cost sensing technique based on planar electromagnetic sensor operating with radio-frequency excitation. Computer aided computation being fast allows the on-line monitoring of the quality. The on-line sensing system suitable for the dairy industry needs to possess several key qualities including cost effectiveness, high reliability both in terms of measurement accuracy and speed of measurement. Also the sensor technology has to be able to perform volumetric penetrative measurement in order to measure properties through out the product and this could be achieved by employing planar type sensing technique","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127686704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604190
Jian Qiu Zhang, Yong Yan
The blockage of the sensing lines of a differential-pressure (DP) flow sensor is recognised as the main cause of malfunctions of many flow measurement systems in industry. In this paper, the blockage of the sensing lines under dynamic process conditions is investigated through wavelet transform analysis. The results obtained show that the blockage in a fast changing process is only detectable when the severity of blockage is over 90%. This outcome differs from that when the sensor operates under a slow varying process. The main reason for this difference lies in that a process with higher flow rate produces more noise energies in the output of the sensor than a process with lower flow rate
{"title":"Detecting the Blockage of the Sensing-lines of a Differential-Pressure Flow Sensor in a Dynamic Process Using Wavelet Transform Techniques","authors":"Jian Qiu Zhang, Yong Yan","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604190","url":null,"abstract":"The blockage of the sensing lines of a differential-pressure (DP) flow sensor is recognised as the main cause of malfunctions of many flow measurement systems in industry. In this paper, the blockage of the sensing lines under dynamic process conditions is investigated through wavelet transform analysis. The results obtained show that the blockage in a fast changing process is only detectable when the severity of blockage is over 90%. This outcome differs from that when the sensor operates under a slow varying process. The main reason for this difference lies in that a process with higher flow rate produces more noise energies in the output of the sensor than a process with lower flow rate","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604216
Y. Mahgoub, R. Dansereau
This paper discusses the performance of a classification algorithm that is capable of determining the voicing-state of co-channel speech. The algorithm uses some features of the reconstructed phase-space of the speech data as a measure to identify the three voicing-states of co-channel speech; unvoiced/unvoiced (U/U), voiced/unvoiced (V/U), and voiced/voiced (V/V). The proposed method requires neither a priori information nor speech training data. Nonetheless, simulation results show enhanced performance in identifying the three voicing-states compared to other existing techniques. The algorithm also shows a reliable performance for different SIR values as well as different levels of background noise
{"title":"Performance of Phase-Space Voicing-State Classification for Co-Channel Speech","authors":"Y. Mahgoub, R. Dansereau","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604216","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the performance of a classification algorithm that is capable of determining the voicing-state of co-channel speech. The algorithm uses some features of the reconstructed phase-space of the speech data as a measure to identify the three voicing-states of co-channel speech; unvoiced/unvoiced (U/U), voiced/unvoiced (V/U), and voiced/voiced (V/V). The proposed method requires neither a priori information nor speech training data. Nonetheless, simulation results show enhanced performance in identifying the three voicing-states compared to other existing techniques. The algorithm also shows a reliable performance for different SIR values as well as different levels of background noise","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131869264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604474
T. Moix, D. Ilic, B. Fracheboud, H. Bleuler
This paper presents an actuator design with integrated force and torque sensors. The actuator is a friction drive composed of two preloaded cylinders. A rod that has to be axially actuated is guided between the cylinders. The axial force sensor is located on the motorized cylinder while the torque sensor is mounted on the passive cylinder. Both sensors are based on flexible mechanical structures. Deformations of the structures are measured by infrared (IR) reflective sensors, enabling sensing without electrical wiring on moving parts. A ray-optics model for behavior of reflective IR sensor is proposed and validated with experiments. The model enables the study of sensor combination for mechanical unbalance cancellation and coupling rejection. Calibration results and performances of the sensors as well as the complete actuator prototype are presented
{"title":"Design of a Friction Drive Actuator with Integrated Force and Torque Sensors","authors":"T. Moix, D. Ilic, B. Fracheboud, H. Bleuler","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604474","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an actuator design with integrated force and torque sensors. The actuator is a friction drive composed of two preloaded cylinders. A rod that has to be axially actuated is guided between the cylinders. The axial force sensor is located on the motorized cylinder while the torque sensor is mounted on the passive cylinder. Both sensors are based on flexible mechanical structures. Deformations of the structures are measured by infrared (IR) reflective sensors, enabling sensing without electrical wiring on moving parts. A ray-optics model for behavior of reflective IR sensor is proposed and validated with experiments. The model enables the study of sensor combination for mechanical unbalance cancellation and coupling rejection. Calibration results and performances of the sensors as well as the complete actuator prototype are presented","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"20 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131894223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604060
Mingzhen Wang, C. Chen
This paper presents a design synthesis and performance measurement of a 4-bit pipelined flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The preliminary results show the ADC in 130 nanometer CMOS. CMOS technology has superior performance of sampling rate of 2.5 GHz for input signal bandwidth of 1 GHz. For the purpose of design reuse, a general architecture and synthesis flow of the ADC is proposed. One of such work is about solution of a long-standing open problem on the design synthesis of high-performance ADC
{"title":"Design Synthesis and Performance Measurement of Pipelined Flash ADC for SoC Applications","authors":"Mingzhen Wang, C. Chen","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604060","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a design synthesis and performance measurement of a 4-bit pipelined flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The preliminary results show the ADC in 130 nanometer CMOS. CMOS technology has superior performance of sampling rate of 2.5 GHz for input signal bandwidth of 1 GHz. For the purpose of design reuse, a general architecture and synthesis flow of the ADC is proposed. One of such work is about solution of a long-standing open problem on the design synthesis of high-performance ADC","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134646511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604126
V. Groza, N. Sakr, M. Elbadri
This paper introduces a novel architecture that is targeted for adaptive embedded system applications, such as telerobotics, space navigation and wireless hot-spot access points. All these applications consist of static (i.e. known) hard and soft realtime constraints, as well as dynamic (i.e. unknown and unpredictable) environment conditions, hence require the predictability of fixed hardware resources, along with the adaptability of programmable hardware devices. The proposed embedded system consists of a soft-core fixed microprocessor and a reconfigurable co-processor. The latter utilizes Run-Time Reconfiguration (RTR) functionality in order to respond to the changing environment inputs, while the former guarantees meeting soft and hard deadlines in order to achieve the intended system functionality. The Reconfigurable Processor Unit (RPU) allows for the simultaneous execution of multiple hardware functional units, by exploiting a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler in order to maintain hardware and software flow synchronization. However, the JIT compiler description is outside the scope of this paper
{"title":"Run-Time Reconfigurable System-on-Chip","authors":"V. Groza, N. Sakr, M. Elbadri","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604126","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel architecture that is targeted for adaptive embedded system applications, such as telerobotics, space navigation and wireless hot-spot access points. All these applications consist of static (i.e. known) hard and soft realtime constraints, as well as dynamic (i.e. unknown and unpredictable) environment conditions, hence require the predictability of fixed hardware resources, along with the adaptability of programmable hardware devices. The proposed embedded system consists of a soft-core fixed microprocessor and a reconfigurable co-processor. The latter utilizes Run-Time Reconfiguration (RTR) functionality in order to respond to the changing environment inputs, while the former guarantees meeting soft and hard deadlines in order to achieve the intended system functionality. The Reconfigurable Processor Unit (RPU) allows for the simultaneous execution of multiple hardware functional units, by exploiting a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler in order to maintain hardware and software flow synchronization. However, the JIT compiler description is outside the scope of this paper","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134103065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604294
T. Radii, P. Ramos, A. Cruz Serra
The development and implementation of a digital signal processor (DSP) based portable impedance measurement instrument is described in this paper. The circuit sinewave stimulus is generated by the device using a direct digital synthesizer at the desired measurement frequency. The sine is applied to a reference impedance in series with the unknown impedance. Two analog to digital converters (ADCs) acquire multiple samples of the two sine voltages which are transmitted to the DSP. Sine-fitting algorithms determine the sine amplitudes, phases, DC components and frequency. From these values and the reference impedance values, the impedance amplitude and phase are determined. Included in the device, amplifiers extend the ADCs input range while a digital potentiometer enables the adjustment of the reference impedance to improve accuracy
{"title":"DSP Based Portable Impedance Measurement Instrument Using Sine-Fitting Algorithms","authors":"T. Radii, P. Ramos, A. Cruz Serra","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604294","url":null,"abstract":"The development and implementation of a digital signal processor (DSP) based portable impedance measurement instrument is described in this paper. The circuit sinewave stimulus is generated by the device using a direct digital synthesizer at the desired measurement frequency. The sine is applied to a reference impedance in series with the unknown impedance. Two analog to digital converters (ADCs) acquire multiple samples of the two sine voltages which are transmitted to the DSP. Sine-fitting algorithms determine the sine amplitudes, phases, DC components and frequency. From these values and the reference impedance values, the impedance amplitude and phase are determined. Included in the device, amplifiers extend the ADCs input range while a digital potentiometer enables the adjustment of the reference impedance to improve accuracy","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115560019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604350
B. Andò, S. Baglio, V. Sacco, N. Savalli, A. Bulsara
The aim of this paper is to present experimental results, along with analytical calculations, on different prototypes of RTD fluxgate using a set of three ferromagnetic materials. The residence times difference approach is based on the time domain characterization of the transitions between the stable steady states of the hysteresis loop whose features are related to the external magnetic field to be measured. Experiments and studies reported in the following sections aim to give guidelines for the optimal system design in terms of sensitivity and power budget, exploiting the features of the ferromagnetic materials used as core. The prototypes developed at the DIEES of the Engineering Faculty in Catania and used during the experiments represent test vehicles. Moreover they allow the validation of the theoretical considerations made on the subject in view of future integrated realizations of fluxgates with RTD readout strategy to demonstrate how a suitable choice of the core material can improve the devices performances
{"title":"Investigation on optimal materials selection in RTD-Fluxgate Design","authors":"B. Andò, S. Baglio, V. Sacco, N. Savalli, A. Bulsara","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604350","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604350","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to present experimental results, along with analytical calculations, on different prototypes of RTD fluxgate using a set of three ferromagnetic materials. The residence times difference approach is based on the time domain characterization of the transitions between the stable steady states of the hysteresis loop whose features are related to the external magnetic field to be measured. Experiments and studies reported in the following sections aim to give guidelines for the optimal system design in terms of sensitivity and power budget, exploiting the features of the ferromagnetic materials used as core. The prototypes developed at the DIEES of the Engineering Faculty in Catania and used during the experiments represent test vehicles. Moreover they allow the validation of the theoretical considerations made on the subject in view of future integrated realizations of fluxgates with RTD readout strategy to demonstrate how a suitable choice of the core material can improve the devices performances","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114230765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604402
M. Karimi-Ghartemani, H. Karimi, A. Bakhshai
A novel filter for use in three-phase power systems is introduced. When the input to the filter is a three-phase balanced set of signals, the filter suppresses noise and distortions and extracts a smooth version of the fundamental components. When the input signal to the filter is unbalanced, it extracts the positive-sequence components of the input signal. The filter also estimates the magnitude, phase-angle and frequency of the input signal while adaptively accommodates variations in all these three variables. Characteristics of the filter including its mathematical equations as well as steady-state and dynamic responses are discussed in this paper. Structural simplicity and robustness of the filter make it desirable for power system application. It can specifically be used as an adaptive anti-aliasing filter
{"title":"A Filtering Technique for Three-Phase Power Systems","authors":"M. Karimi-Ghartemani, H. Karimi, A. Bakhshai","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604402","url":null,"abstract":"A novel filter for use in three-phase power systems is introduced. When the input to the filter is a three-phase balanced set of signals, the filter suppresses noise and distortions and extracts a smooth version of the fundamental components. When the input signal to the filter is unbalanced, it extracts the positive-sequence components of the input signal. The filter also estimates the magnitude, phase-angle and frequency of the input signal while adaptively accommodates variations in all these three variables. Characteristics of the filter including its mathematical equations as well as steady-state and dynamic responses are discussed in this paper. Structural simplicity and robustness of the filter make it desirable for power system application. It can specifically be used as an adaptive anti-aliasing filter","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114794861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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