Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604396
Yong He, Haihong Yu, H. Fang
By analyzing a number of GPS data, a principle was found that GPS single point location data was composed of position excursion and normal distribution. In order to separate the position excursion from normal distribution, normality elimination method was advanced. First, calculated average latitude and longitude coordinate of GPS data as central coordinate of normal distribution. Then, calculated confidence interval [-sigma, sigma] and removed excursion points outside of it. Finally, calculate a radius of the circle that ensure 70~80% points falling in the circle, namely defined threshold lambda as 0.7~0.8. By reason that the property of 70~80% points was able to take the place of all points, the method could be feasible and the result was obvious. Aimed at the location error of GPS single point measurement was large, a new method of two points relative location measurement was put forward which used two GPS receivers to acquire location data separately and simultaneously at two endpoints of a certain distance. The experiment results indicated that when threshold lambda was 0.7, the previous measurement error of single point location experiment was above 10m. However, after using the new method, the location error was about 1.2m. It was turned out that the latter improved measurement accuracy greatly
{"title":"Study on Improving GPS Measurement Accuracy","authors":"Yong He, Haihong Yu, H. Fang","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604396","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604396","url":null,"abstract":"By analyzing a number of GPS data, a principle was found that GPS single point location data was composed of position excursion and normal distribution. In order to separate the position excursion from normal distribution, normality elimination method was advanced. First, calculated average latitude and longitude coordinate of GPS data as central coordinate of normal distribution. Then, calculated confidence interval [-sigma, sigma] and removed excursion points outside of it. Finally, calculate a radius of the circle that ensure 70~80% points falling in the circle, namely defined threshold lambda as 0.7~0.8. By reason that the property of 70~80% points was able to take the place of all points, the method could be feasible and the result was obvious. Aimed at the location error of GPS single point measurement was large, a new method of two points relative location measurement was put forward which used two GPS receivers to acquire location data separately and simultaneously at two endpoints of a certain distance. The experiment results indicated that when threshold lambda was 0.7, the previous measurement error of single point location experiment was above 10m. However, after using the new method, the location error was about 1.2m. It was turned out that the latter improved measurement accuracy greatly","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131101253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604109
S. Mukhopadhyay, C. Gooneratne, S. Demidenko, G. S. Gupta
The paper has described the design and fabrication works towards the development of a low cost sensing technique based on planar electromagnetic sensor operating with radio-frequency excitation. Computer aided computation being fast allows the on-line monitoring of the quality. The on-line sensing system suitable for the dairy industry needs to possess several key qualities including cost effectiveness, high reliability both in terms of measurement accuracy and speed of measurement. Also the sensor technology has to be able to perform volumetric penetrative measurement in order to measure properties through out the product and this could be achieved by employing planar type sensing technique
{"title":"Low Cost Sensing System for Dairy Products Quality Monitoring","authors":"S. Mukhopadhyay, C. Gooneratne, S. Demidenko, G. S. Gupta","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604109","url":null,"abstract":"The paper has described the design and fabrication works towards the development of a low cost sensing technique based on planar electromagnetic sensor operating with radio-frequency excitation. Computer aided computation being fast allows the on-line monitoring of the quality. The on-line sensing system suitable for the dairy industry needs to possess several key qualities including cost effectiveness, high reliability both in terms of measurement accuracy and speed of measurement. Also the sensor technology has to be able to perform volumetric penetrative measurement in order to measure properties through out the product and this could be achieved by employing planar type sensing technique","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"127 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127686704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604190
Jian Qiu Zhang, Yong Yan
The blockage of the sensing lines of a differential-pressure (DP) flow sensor is recognised as the main cause of malfunctions of many flow measurement systems in industry. In this paper, the blockage of the sensing lines under dynamic process conditions is investigated through wavelet transform analysis. The results obtained show that the blockage in a fast changing process is only detectable when the severity of blockage is over 90%. This outcome differs from that when the sensor operates under a slow varying process. The main reason for this difference lies in that a process with higher flow rate produces more noise energies in the output of the sensor than a process with lower flow rate
{"title":"Detecting the Blockage of the Sensing-lines of a Differential-Pressure Flow Sensor in a Dynamic Process Using Wavelet Transform Techniques","authors":"Jian Qiu Zhang, Yong Yan","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604190","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604190","url":null,"abstract":"The blockage of the sensing lines of a differential-pressure (DP) flow sensor is recognised as the main cause of malfunctions of many flow measurement systems in industry. In this paper, the blockage of the sensing lines under dynamic process conditions is investigated through wavelet transform analysis. The results obtained show that the blockage in a fast changing process is only detectable when the severity of blockage is over 90%. This outcome differs from that when the sensor operates under a slow varying process. The main reason for this difference lies in that a process with higher flow rate produces more noise energies in the output of the sensor than a process with lower flow rate","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127704487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604216
Y. Mahgoub, R. Dansereau
This paper discusses the performance of a classification algorithm that is capable of determining the voicing-state of co-channel speech. The algorithm uses some features of the reconstructed phase-space of the speech data as a measure to identify the three voicing-states of co-channel speech; unvoiced/unvoiced (U/U), voiced/unvoiced (V/U), and voiced/voiced (V/V). The proposed method requires neither a priori information nor speech training data. Nonetheless, simulation results show enhanced performance in identifying the three voicing-states compared to other existing techniques. The algorithm also shows a reliable performance for different SIR values as well as different levels of background noise
{"title":"Performance of Phase-Space Voicing-State Classification for Co-Channel Speech","authors":"Y. Mahgoub, R. Dansereau","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604216","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the performance of a classification algorithm that is capable of determining the voicing-state of co-channel speech. The algorithm uses some features of the reconstructed phase-space of the speech data as a measure to identify the three voicing-states of co-channel speech; unvoiced/unvoiced (U/U), voiced/unvoiced (V/U), and voiced/voiced (V/V). The proposed method requires neither a priori information nor speech training data. Nonetheless, simulation results show enhanced performance in identifying the three voicing-states compared to other existing techniques. The algorithm also shows a reliable performance for different SIR values as well as different levels of background noise","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131869264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604474
T. Moix, D. Ilic, B. Fracheboud, H. Bleuler
This paper presents an actuator design with integrated force and torque sensors. The actuator is a friction drive composed of two preloaded cylinders. A rod that has to be axially actuated is guided between the cylinders. The axial force sensor is located on the motorized cylinder while the torque sensor is mounted on the passive cylinder. Both sensors are based on flexible mechanical structures. Deformations of the structures are measured by infrared (IR) reflective sensors, enabling sensing without electrical wiring on moving parts. A ray-optics model for behavior of reflective IR sensor is proposed and validated with experiments. The model enables the study of sensor combination for mechanical unbalance cancellation and coupling rejection. Calibration results and performances of the sensors as well as the complete actuator prototype are presented
{"title":"Design of a Friction Drive Actuator with Integrated Force and Torque Sensors","authors":"T. Moix, D. Ilic, B. Fracheboud, H. Bleuler","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604474","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an actuator design with integrated force and torque sensors. The actuator is a friction drive composed of two preloaded cylinders. A rod that has to be axially actuated is guided between the cylinders. The axial force sensor is located on the motorized cylinder while the torque sensor is mounted on the passive cylinder. Both sensors are based on flexible mechanical structures. Deformations of the structures are measured by infrared (IR) reflective sensors, enabling sensing without electrical wiring on moving parts. A ray-optics model for behavior of reflective IR sensor is proposed and validated with experiments. The model enables the study of sensor combination for mechanical unbalance cancellation and coupling rejection. Calibration results and performances of the sensors as well as the complete actuator prototype are presented","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"20 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131894223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604060
Mingzhen Wang, C. Chen
This paper presents a design synthesis and performance measurement of a 4-bit pipelined flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The preliminary results show the ADC in 130 nanometer CMOS. CMOS technology has superior performance of sampling rate of 2.5 GHz for input signal bandwidth of 1 GHz. For the purpose of design reuse, a general architecture and synthesis flow of the ADC is proposed. One of such work is about solution of a long-standing open problem on the design synthesis of high-performance ADC
{"title":"Design Synthesis and Performance Measurement of Pipelined Flash ADC for SoC Applications","authors":"Mingzhen Wang, C. Chen","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604060","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents a design synthesis and performance measurement of a 4-bit pipelined flash analog-to-digital converter (ADC). The preliminary results show the ADC in 130 nanometer CMOS. CMOS technology has superior performance of sampling rate of 2.5 GHz for input signal bandwidth of 1 GHz. For the purpose of design reuse, a general architecture and synthesis flow of the ADC is proposed. One of such work is about solution of a long-standing open problem on the design synthesis of high-performance ADC","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134646511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604126
V. Groza, N. Sakr, M. Elbadri
This paper introduces a novel architecture that is targeted for adaptive embedded system applications, such as telerobotics, space navigation and wireless hot-spot access points. All these applications consist of static (i.e. known) hard and soft realtime constraints, as well as dynamic (i.e. unknown and unpredictable) environment conditions, hence require the predictability of fixed hardware resources, along with the adaptability of programmable hardware devices. The proposed embedded system consists of a soft-core fixed microprocessor and a reconfigurable co-processor. The latter utilizes Run-Time Reconfiguration (RTR) functionality in order to respond to the changing environment inputs, while the former guarantees meeting soft and hard deadlines in order to achieve the intended system functionality. The Reconfigurable Processor Unit (RPU) allows for the simultaneous execution of multiple hardware functional units, by exploiting a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler in order to maintain hardware and software flow synchronization. However, the JIT compiler description is outside the scope of this paper
{"title":"Run-Time Reconfigurable System-on-Chip","authors":"V. Groza, N. Sakr, M. Elbadri","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604126","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604126","url":null,"abstract":"This paper introduces a novel architecture that is targeted for adaptive embedded system applications, such as telerobotics, space navigation and wireless hot-spot access points. All these applications consist of static (i.e. known) hard and soft realtime constraints, as well as dynamic (i.e. unknown and unpredictable) environment conditions, hence require the predictability of fixed hardware resources, along with the adaptability of programmable hardware devices. The proposed embedded system consists of a soft-core fixed microprocessor and a reconfigurable co-processor. The latter utilizes Run-Time Reconfiguration (RTR) functionality in order to respond to the changing environment inputs, while the former guarantees meeting soft and hard deadlines in order to achieve the intended system functionality. The Reconfigurable Processor Unit (RPU) allows for the simultaneous execution of multiple hardware functional units, by exploiting a Just-In-Time (JIT) compiler in order to maintain hardware and software flow synchronization. However, the JIT compiler description is outside the scope of this paper","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134103065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604129
D. Vasić, V. Bilas, D. Ambruš
Eddy-current nondestructive testing of metallic tubes, includes measurement of tube inner diameter and electromagnetic properties - magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity. In our previous work we have developed a procedure for simultaneous measurement of inner diameter and permeability-to-conductivity ratio by minimizing difference between measured impedance of a coil excited at only one frequency and prediction of a two-parameter impedance model. In this paper we evaluate the errors that rise from the usage of the two-parameter model and requirements for accuracy of the coil impedance measurement. Our findings show that the errors and required coil impedance accuracy are within limits acceptable for practical implementation of the procedure
{"title":"Accuracy Evaluation of an Electromagnetic Method for Conductive Tube Inspection","authors":"D. Vasić, V. Bilas, D. Ambruš","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604129","url":null,"abstract":"Eddy-current nondestructive testing of metallic tubes, includes measurement of tube inner diameter and electromagnetic properties - magnetic permeability and electrical conductivity. In our previous work we have developed a procedure for simultaneous measurement of inner diameter and permeability-to-conductivity ratio by minimizing difference between measured impedance of a coil excited at only one frequency and prediction of a two-parameter impedance model. In this paper we evaluate the errors that rise from the usage of the two-parameter model and requirements for accuracy of the coil impedance measurement. Our findings show that the errors and required coil impedance accuracy are within limits acceptable for practical implementation of the procedure","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"60 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134574909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604328
K. Ohtani, M. Baba
An optical measurement system, which uses a light spot or a slit ray system, often requires an optical position sensor. In such a system, because the position of a signal light is the most important and basic information needed, it is necessary for the position sensor to detect the position accurately under any conditions. We proposed an intelligent position sensor that can estimate the actual position of a light spot using a neural network, but the sensor has to go through a relearning process when the surroundings change. In this paper, we propose a new method for measuring the position of a light spot in a real environment utilizing genetic programming. The method doesn't require advance training, unlike the method employing a neural network, and it eliminates the influence of background lights. Therefore, we expect that the application of the proposed sensor will be for online measurement in an actual environment
{"title":"A Smart Optical Position Sensor with Genetic Programming Technique","authors":"K. Ohtani, M. Baba","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604328","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604328","url":null,"abstract":"An optical measurement system, which uses a light spot or a slit ray system, often requires an optical position sensor. In such a system, because the position of a signal light is the most important and basic information needed, it is necessary for the position sensor to detect the position accurately under any conditions. We proposed an intelligent position sensor that can estimate the actual position of a light spot using a neural network, but the sensor has to go through a relearning process when the surroundings change. In this paper, we propose a new method for measuring the position of a light spot in a real environment utilizing genetic programming. The method doesn't require advance training, unlike the method employing a neural network, and it eliminates the influence of background lights. Therefore, we expect that the application of the proposed sensor will be for online measurement in an actual environment","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"209 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134185552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2005-05-16DOI: 10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604345
M. Palmese, A. Trucco
In this paper, a method able to emulate the signals received by a sonar system exploring the submerged environment is presented. The simulator is devoted to producing a large and wide-ranging data set of 3D images; it is very flexible in defining an object, the related scenario, and the major parameters involved. Signals are obtained by modeling the surfaces of both the seabed and objects as a dense, random grid of discrete scatterers, following the Rayleigh reflection coefficient, and integrating the responses of the scatterers. Sediment volume inhomogeneities are modeled by a random distribution of small asymmetric scattering volumes, characterized by their 3D dimensions, densities, and reflection coefficients. The reality of the simulated signals is discussed on the basis of 3D images of scenes containing complex objects
{"title":"A Simulation Method for the Design of a 3-D Acoustical Imaging System for Sub-Bottom Investigation","authors":"M. Palmese, A. Trucco","doi":"10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IMTC.2005.1604345","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a method able to emulate the signals received by a sonar system exploring the submerged environment is presented. The simulator is devoted to producing a large and wide-ranging data set of 3D images; it is very flexible in defining an object, the related scenario, and the major parameters involved. Signals are obtained by modeling the surfaces of both the seabed and objects as a dense, random grid of discrete scatterers, following the Rayleigh reflection coefficient, and integrating the responses of the scatterers. Sediment volume inhomogeneities are modeled by a random distribution of small asymmetric scattering volumes, characterized by their 3D dimensions, densities, and reflection coefficients. The reality of the simulated signals is discussed on the basis of 3D images of scenes containing complex objects","PeriodicalId":244878,"journal":{"name":"2005 IEEE Instrumentationand Measurement Technology Conference Proceedings","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133759432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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