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2022 20th International Conference on Harmonics & Quality of Power (ICHQP)最新文献

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Voltage Quality of an AC Grid Supplying a Railway Power System with Energy Saving Strategy 具有节能策略的铁路交流电网供电电压质量
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808421
A. Andreotti, Antonio Di Pasquale, F. Mottola, M. Pagano, D. Proto
Railway industry is experiencing a strong need of renewal and smart technology. Hence, advanced approaches are needed to improve efficiency and sustainability of railway operations. In urban contexts, the public railway sector is object of an inevitable process of revamping, which involves expectations of end-users, railway operators, local supply distributors or local authorities. This paper examines an urban railway power system, where a smart scenario is envisaged. Particularly, an Italian AC/DC railway power infrastructure is considered, and an energy efficiency strategy is assumed. Aim of the paper is to evaluate the voltage quality in the supplying distribution network for any operating conditions of the railway system. Also, the energy efficiency strategy is arranged to improve voltage quality. More specifically, the strategy exploits electrical energy storage systems recharged by regenerative braking of rolling stocks in order to increase efficiency of the whole system. Also, the storage system allows shaving the peak load demand aimed at improving the voltage quality. Numerical simulations are carried out, they provide power quality analysis by examining nodal voltages as a function of the efficiency measure. The behavior of the railway power system has been analyzed under different operating conditions.
铁路行业正经历着强烈的更新和智能技术需求。因此,需要先进的方法来提高铁路运营的效率和可持续性。在城市环境中,公共铁路部门是一个不可避免的改造过程的对象,这涉及到最终用户、铁路运营商、当地供应分销商或地方当局的期望。本文研究了一个城市轨道电力系统,其中设想了一个智能场景。特别地,考虑了意大利交/直流铁路电力基础设施,并假设了能源效率策略。本文的目的是对铁路系统在任何运行条件下的供配电网电压质量进行评估。此外,还设置了提高电压质量的能效策略。更具体地说,该策略利用电能存储系统的再生制动车辆,以提高整个系统的效率充电。此外,存储系统允许剃须峰值负载需求,旨在改善电压质量。进行了数值模拟,通过检查节点电压作为效率度量的函数来提供电能质量分析。分析了铁路电力系统在不同运行工况下的性能。
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引用次数: 0
Supraharmonics within a Datacenter-Emission and Propagation 数据中心内的超谐波——发射与传播
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808561
J. Sutaria, Á. Espín-Delgado, S. Rönnberg
The reliability of the electrical and cooling systems is of utmost importance for the uninterrupted operation of the data center information technology (IT) load. The electrical distribution of the data center includes many subsystems starting with the utility and building transformers, uninterruptible power supply (UPS), power distribution units (PDUs), and power supplies ultimately powering the fans and the internal components of IT equipment. The various converters in data centers emit switching frequency residue due to PWM (pulse width modulation) techniques. The switching frequency range falls within the supraharmonic range, i.e., 2 to 150 kHz. This paper aims to show, with measurements, the different types of supraharmonic emissions measured in the data center, and the difference between their maximum and average magnitudes. The paper shows a method to identify the equipment emitting supraharmonic emission and possible disturbances caused by it. The paper traces the propagation of supraharmonic emission from the source through the transformer to the grid. Lastly, a comparison of measurements is made with the compatibility levels given by standard IEC 61000-2-2.
电气和冷却系统的可靠性对于数据中心信息技术(IT)负载的不间断运行至关重要。数据中心的配电包括许多子系统,从公用事业和建筑开始,变压器、不间断电源(UPS)、配电单元(pdu)和最终为风扇和IT设备内部组件供电的电源。数据中心中的各种变换器由于脉宽调制技术而产生开关频率残留。开关频率范围在超谐波范围内,即2至150khz。本文旨在通过测量显示数据中心测量到的不同类型的超谐波发射,以及它们的最大和平均量级之间的差异。本文给出了一种识别超谐波发射设备及其可能引起的干扰的方法。本文跟踪了超谐波发射从源源经变压器到电网的传播过程。最后,将测量结果与IEC 61000-2-2标准给出的兼容等级进行了比较。
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引用次数: 3
Analysis of supraharmonic emission in a microgrid in islanded and interconnected operation 孤岛与互联状态下微电网超谐波发射分析
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808839
Miguel Romero-L, V. Quintero-Molina, Camilo Garzón, A. Pavas, A. Blanco, S. Kannan, Jan Meyer
The increasing penetration of distributed generation in microgrids and the connection of different types of electronic loads cause significant levels of supraharmonic emission, especially in islanded microgrids. In this paper loads with different circuit topologies are connected to a laboratory microgrid, and supraharmonic voltages and currents are analyzed in both interconnected and islanded mode. Different indexes were applied to evaluate the supraharmonic emissions in specific frequency bands. Additional combinations of loads are analyzed for the islanded microgrid with regard to different power contributions from the storage and the PV system are assessed to identify the impact of those elements on supraharmonic emission. Finally, measurements of supraharmonic impedance characteristics were performed to find possible causes of the supraharmonic levels, e.g. resonances.
分布式发电在微电网中日益普及以及不同类型电子负载的连接导致了显著水平的超谐波发射,特别是在孤岛微电网中。本文将不同电路拓扑的负载连接到实验室微电网,并在互联和孤岛模式下分析超谐波电压和电流。采用不同的指标来评价特定频段的超谐波发射。分析了孤岛微电网的附加负载组合,考虑了来自储能系统的不同功率贡献,并评估了光伏系统,以确定这些因素对超谐波发射的影响。最后,进行了超谐波阻抗特性的测量,以找出可能导致超谐波电平的原因,例如共振。
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引用次数: 0
Transmission Grid Power Quality: Unbalance Factor Forecast by a Novel Three-Phase Power Flow 输电网电能质量:一种新型三相潮流的不平衡因素预测
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808456
R. Benato, G. Gardan, L. Rusalen
This paper aims at investigating the impact of the increasing demand for electricity on the power quality of the transmission networks. In particular, investigations on the transmission network structure as a source of voltage unbalance are made by performing numerical simulations. All the simulations are carried out by means of the MCA method, and by means of a novel three-phase power flow algorithm named as PFPD_3P. Moreover, proposals and discussions on possible power quality mitigation strategies on the transmission networks are presented (i.e., synchronous compensators installations and/or network reinforcements).
本文旨在研究日益增长的电力需求对输电网电能质量的影响。特别地,通过数值模拟研究了输电网结构作为电压不平衡的来源。所有的仿真都是通过MCA方法和一种名为PFPD_3P的新型三相潮流算法进行的。此外,还提出了输电网络上可能的电能质量缓解策略(即安装同步补偿器和/或加强网络)的建议和讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Quantifying the impact of supply frequency adjustments for DER control on consumer appliances 量化电源频率调整对消费电器的影响
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808644
S. Elphick, D. Robinson, J. Knott, S. Perera, Izzah Afandi, N. Wilmot
An unexpected challenge facing network operators due to high penetration levels of small-scale solar photovoltaic occurs when diesel backup generators are used to maintain supply to small network islands during maintenance. Most grid-connected small-scale solar inverters in Australia have no means of grid control and it is uneconomical to individually isolate each device within premises. Taking advantage of out of frequency protection settings of the inverters to disable output of distributed generation is one potential mechanism Network Service Providers are considering when operating the diesel generator. This is achieved by operating the diesel generation at a frequency above or below the inverter out of frequency settings. This paper investigates the potential impact of this operation on other connected loads, specifically 44 domestic appliances. The impact on electrical parameters RMS current, real and reactive power, displacement power factor, and current total harmonic distortion, as well as relevant actuation and operation are monitored for operating frequencies selected by the Network Service Providers to ensure solar inverters will either disconnect from or will not connect to the network, and for frequency variations expected on the modern network. The resulting parameters for each appliance are reported with only minor maloperation found for one of the appliances during testing.
由于小型太阳能光伏发电的高渗透率,电网运营商面临着一个意想不到的挑战,即在维护期间使用柴油备用发电机来维持对小型电网岛的供应。澳大利亚大多数并网的小型太阳能逆变器没有电网控制手段,在房屋内单独隔离每个设备是不经济的。利用逆变器的过频保护设置使分布式发电失能是电网运营商在运行柴油发电机组时考虑的一种潜在机制。这是通过在高于或低于逆变器频率设置的频率上操作柴油发电来实现的。本文研究了这种操作对其他连接负载的潜在影响,特别是44台家用电器。对电气参数RMS电流、实功率和无功功率、位移功率因数和电流总谐波畸变的影响,以及相关的驱动和运行进行监控,以确保网络服务提供商选择的工作频率,以确保太阳能逆变器要么断开连接,要么不连接到网络,以及在现代网络上预期的频率变化。报告每个器具的结果参数,在测试期间仅发现其中一个器具的轻微操作错误。
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引用次数: 0
Geometric Power and Poynting Vector: a Physical Derivation for Harmonic Power Flow using Geometric Algebra 几何功率与坡印亭矢量:谐波潮流的几何代数物理推导
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808623
F. G. Montoya, F. Arrabal-Campos, A. Alcayde, Xabier Prado-Orbán, Jorge Mira
This document aims to establish an alternative physical formulation for the harmonic power flow in electrical systems provided by Geometric Algebra (GA) and the Poynting Vector (PV) and Poynting Theorem (PT). Given the traditional definition of PV (Abraham approach) as the vector product of the electric field and magnetic field, we exploit the property of the vector product as a dual form of the much more powerful wedge product operator from exterior algebra. Using concepts of vector spaces, we develop a completely GA-based approach founded on top of the isomorphism among periodic time-domain signals and Euclidean spaces. Our investigations shed more light on the long-running discussion of electric power flow in non-sinusoidal and non-linear electrical power systems.
本文旨在建立一个由几何代数(GA)和Poynting向量(PV)和Poynting定理(PT)提供的电力系统谐波潮流的替代物理公式。将传统的亚伯拉罕方法定义为电场和磁场的向量积,我们利用了向量积作为外部代数中更强大的楔形积算子的对偶形式的性质。利用向量空间的概念,在周期时域信号与欧几里得空间同构的基础上,提出了一种完全基于遗传算法的方法。我们的研究为长期以来关于非正弦和非线性电力系统中电力流动的讨论提供了更多的线索。
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引用次数: 1
Immunity of Mass-market Electrical Appliances to Harmonic Distortion of the Supply Voltage 大众市场电器对电源电压谐波畸变的抗扰度
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808670
V. Khokhlov, F. Möller, Jan Meyer, P. Schegner
IEC SC77A WG8 discusses a revision of compatibility level for harmonics in industrial networks. Following the assumption that these levels are likely to be adopted for public low voltage networks, some concerns about the possible effects of increased compatibility levels on electrical equipment used in public low voltage networks are expressed by experts. This paper summarizes the results of an initial study on the immunity of mass-market electrical appliances to harmonic distortion based on existing and expected compatibility levels. It intends to provide input for the ongoing discussion in IEC SC77A WG8 about appropriate compatibility levels acceptable for all stakeholders.
IEC SC77A WG8讨论了工业网络中谐波兼容级别的修订。在假定公共低压网络可能采用这些水平之后,专家们对公共低压网络中使用的电气设备的兼容性水平增加可能产生的影响表示了一些关注。本文总结了基于现有兼容水平和预期兼容水平的大众市场电器对谐波失真抗扰度的初步研究结果。它打算为IEC SC77A WG8中正在进行的关于所有利益相关方可接受的适当兼容性级别的讨论提供输入。
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引用次数: 1
Challenges in Application of the Traveling Wave-Based Fault Location Methods Applied to HVDC Systems: Evaluation of Classical One- and Two-Terminal Methods 基于行波的故障定位方法在高压直流系统中的应用面临的挑战:对经典的一端和两端方法的评价
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808569
Júlio César Cândido Vieira, Damásio Fernandes Júnior, W. A. Neves, F. Lopes
An evaluation of classical one- and two-terminal fault location methods based on traveling waves theory is presented in this paper. This evaluation is carried out considering the Madeira River HVDC system modeled in ATP/ATPDraw software, which is composed by a transmission line modeled considering the frequency dependence of the line parameters. In order to evaluate the efficiency of the methods, different fault scenarios are evaluated, being generated by varying the fault type, resistance and distance, totaling 1764 different cases. From the obtained results, the influence of distance and resistance of fault on the methods efficiency is evaluated. Moreover, the main sources of localization errors for each method are presented, highlighting the practical aspects and the main challenges in applying the methods in real systems.
对基于行波理论的经典一端和二端故障定位方法进行了评价。本文以ATP/ATPDraw软件建模的马德拉河高压直流系统为例进行了评价,该系统由一条考虑了线路参数频率依赖性的传输线组成。为了评估方法的有效性,通过改变故障类型、电阻和距离产生不同的故障场景,总共1764个不同的案例进行了评估。根据得到的结果,评估了故障距离和故障电阻对方法效率的影响。此外,还介绍了每种方法定位误差的主要来源,强调了在实际系统中应用这些方法的实用性和主要挑战。
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引用次数: 3
Modified Method of Detecting Rapid Voltage Changes in a Medium Voltage Network 中压网络电压快速变化检测的改进方法
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808821
Isabelle Löfgren, E. Gutiérrez-Ballesteros, S. Rönnberg
In this paper, medium voltage data from four locations are analyzed for rapid voltage changes (RVCs). The definition of an RVC event given in IEC 61000-4-30 is altered to investigate how the results of an analysis changes. The alterations made to the RVC definition are the RVC threshold and the number of half-cycles required for stability. It is shown that a certain change in the definition will not necessarily affect the results in the same way for data obtained at different locations. One important conclusion is that changing the definition of an RVC can lead to an initial steady-state not being found within a measurement, thus giving zero RVCs in the results. It is therefore of great importance to take this into consideration so as not to incorrectly assume that the alteration made to the definition makes the data appear more stable to the detection algorithm. The motivation for this work is to show that an RVC event is not a black-and-white concept but is highly influenced by revisions to its formal definition.
本文对四个地点的中压数据进行了快速电压变化(RVCs)分析。IEC 61000-4-30中给出的RVC事件的定义进行了更改,以调查分析结果如何变化。对RVC定义所做的更改是RVC阈值和稳定性所需的半周期数。结果表明,对于在不同地点获得的数据,定义的某种变化不一定会以相同的方式影响结果。一个重要的结论是,改变RVC的定义可能导致在测量中找不到初始稳态,从而在结果中给出零RVC。因此,考虑到这一点是非常重要的,以免错误地认为对定义的更改使数据在检测算法看来更稳定。这项工作的动机是表明RVC事件不是一个黑白分明的概念,而是受到其正式定义修订的高度影响。
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引用次数: 0
Assessing the Harmonic and Supraharmonic Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Facilities 电动汽车充电设施谐波及超谐波影响评估
Pub Date : 2022-05-29 DOI: 10.1109/ICHQP53011.2022.9808748
G. Singh, W. Howe
The emergence of large Electric Vehicle (EV) charging facilities in the United States (U.S.) and a lack of knowledge about the Power Quality (PQ) impact of such facilities on the grid has led to fears of increased Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) and harmonic compliance issues. The goal of the research presented in this paper is to demonstrate tools and techniques that can be utilized by utilities to predict this PQ impact. This can help utilities better plan the integration of such facilities and maintain continued grid and load compatibility. In this paper, generic EMTP simulation models of an EV charging facility are first developed and then compared against actual PQ measurements made at EV charging facilities. The simulations show that large EV charging facilities do pose a risk of harmonic incompliance to the power system, and under certain conditions, distortion between 2 and 150 kHz can also pose a risk. Finally, the paper closes with a discussion of the implications of the findings for utilities and the importance of system strength to determine the appropriate feeder for EV charging facility integration.
在美国,大型电动汽车(EV)充电设施的出现以及对此类设施对电网的电能质量(PQ)影响缺乏了解,导致人们担心电磁干扰(EMI)和谐波合规问题的增加。本文提出的研究目标是展示公用事业公司可以利用的工具和技术来预测这种PQ影响。这可以帮助公用事业公司更好地规划这些设施的集成,并保持持续的电网和负载兼容性。本文首先建立了电动汽车充电设施的通用EMTP仿真模型,然后与电动汽车充电设施的实际PQ测量结果进行了比较。仿真结果表明,大型电动汽车充电设施确实会给电力系统带来谐波不合规的风险,在一定条件下,2 ~ 150khz的失真也会带来风险。最后,本文最后讨论了研究结果对公用事业的影响,以及系统强度对确定电动汽车充电设施集成的适当馈线的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
2022 20th International Conference on Harmonics & Quality of Power (ICHQP)
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