Atmospheric Environment最新文献

{"title":"Improved method for estimating chlorine depletion in sea salt aerosols using single particle aerosol mass spectrometer","authors":"Youtian Zhang ,&nbsp;Rongrong Han ,&nbsp;Guanru Wu ,&nbsp;Xinshuo Wang ,&nbsp;Lei Li ,&nbsp;Mei Li ,&nbsp;Zhen Zhou ,&nbsp;Jian Zhen Yu ,&nbsp;Yang Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121243","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121243","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chloride-containing aerosols significantly influence tropospheric chemistry and cloud microphysics. Sea salt aerosols (SSAs) are a major source of chlorine-containing aerosols in coastal regions. However, existing methods for estimating chlorine depletion using Single Particle Aerosol Mass Spectrometry (SPAMS) suffer from significant limitations. This study demonstrates that relying solely on [Cl]^- signal at m/z = −35 and −37 to quantify chlorine content leads to substantial overestimation of chlorine depletion, particularly in fresh SSAs, where additional chlorine is contributed by [Na₂Cl]⁺ and [NaCl₂]^- ions. Using SPAMS data collected at a coastal site in Hong Kong during winter, spring and summer, we propose an improved methodology that accounts for all potential chlorine-depleting components. This improved method shows a better correlation with bulk observations, reducing the average estimated chlorine depletion from 98 ± 1 % to 57 ± 3 %, aligning closely with bulk results (49 ± 22 %). The new method significantly improves the refined analysis of chemical processes affecting chlorine depletion by precisely resolving size-dependent biases, organic acid, and NH₃ concentration-dependent dual roles. Seasonal analyses highlight the strong influence of dominant air masses, with winter exhibiting the highest depletion due to air masses originating from industrial inland/coastal regions, while summer shows minimal depletion under clean marine conditions. The improved method establishes a more reliable framework for quantifying chlorine depletion in individual SSAs, advancing mechanistic understanding of coastal chlorine cycling.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121243"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143855117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric ozonolysis of allyl sulfides: Theoretical and experimental study of kinetics and product yields in the presence and absence of an OH radical scavenger","authors":"Alejandro L. Cardona ,&nbsp;Cynthia B. Rivela ,&nbsp;Rodrigo G. Gibilisco ,&nbsp;María B. Blanco ,&nbsp;Oscar N. Ventura ,&nbsp;Mariano Teruel","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121242","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121242","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents an experimental and computational study of the ozonolysis of allyl methyl sulfide (H₂C=CHCH₂SCH₃, AMS) and allyl ethyl sulfide (H₂C=CHCH₂SCH₂CH₃, AES) in the gas phase at atmospheric conditions. The experiments were carried out using carbon monoxide (CO) as scavengers of nascent OH radicals. The main products of the reaction with O₃ from AMS and AES were identified and quantified by in situ FTIR spectroscopy. The yields of the SO₂, formaldehyde and formic acid products found were (26 ± 1) %, (62 ± 1) % and (7 ± 1) % for the AMS/CO/O₃ reaction, and (19 ± 1) %, (62 ± 1) % and (8 ± 1) % for the AES/CO/O₃ reaction, respectively. Besides those products, acrolein was also identified when the OH radical scavenger was absent. In this case, the yields obtained were (37 ± 1) %, (6 ± 1) %, (63 ± 1) % and (4 ± 1) % in the AMS/O₃ mixture, and (28 ± 1) %, (5 ± 1) %, (41 ± 1) % and (4 ± 1) % in the AES/O₃ mixture, for SO₂, acrolein, formaldehyde and formic acid, respectively. A small difference in product yields in the presence of CO could be attributed to secondary reactions with OH radicals.</div><div>DFT and post-Hartree-Fock composite computational chemistry calculations of reactants, transition states and products in the reaction paths were used to lend support to the experimental findings for the AMS + O₃ reaction. The calculated rate coefficients obtained in this work are in close agreement with the experimental data, with the ωB97X-D3(BJ)/aug-cc-pVTZ and ωB97X-V/aug-cc-pVTZ as the most accurate and reliable DFT methods. The inclusion of the SVECV-f12 protocol on top of those DFT calculations markedly improves the accuracy of the results. Atmospheric implications are discussed in terms of significant POCP and AP of sulfides and its products obtained.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121242"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143877379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improved estimation of new particle formation rate for air quality model in a polluted region of South Korea","authors":"Yusin Kim ,&nbsp;Sangdeok Shim ,&nbsp;Seogju Cho ,&nbsp;Seong Soo Yum ,&nbsp;Chul Han Song ,&nbsp;Sung Hoon Park","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121237","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121237","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ambient atmospheric aerosol particles consist of primary particles that are directly emitted and secondary particles that are formed through nucleation or chemical reactions. The number concentration of aerosol particles in the atmosphere, which has a significant impact on air quality and climate, is largely influenced by secondary particles formed through nucleation. Therefore, a precise understanding of nucleation is essential. Homogeneous nucleation is a mechanism in which new condensed-phase substances, aerosol particles, are generated through the phase transition of vapor under conditions of vapor supersaturation. Several theories have been proposed to explain nucleation processes, including H₂SO₄-H₂O binary homogeneous nucleation, H₂SO₄-H₂O-NH₃ ternary homogeneous nucleation, and ion-mediated nucleation. In practice, many air quality models including Community Multiscale Air Quality Modeling system (CMAQ) still use only H₂SO₄-H₂O binary homogeneous nucleation module to calculate nucleation rates. The comparison and validation of different nucleation theories in the polluted regions of South Korea has never been conducted. In this study, we used CMAQv5.2 to simulate the aerosol number concentration at Seoul Olympic Park during the KORUS-AQ campaign. The results revealed that the model underestimated the aerosol number concentration by approximate a factor of 10 compared to observations. This is primarily due to nucleation rates, which raises the need for an alternative module with higher accuracy. To simulate nucleation rates and aerosol number concentrations, we applied five different nucleation modules to a box model Korea Air quality observation-based Box model (KAB) as well as a 3-dimensional chemical transport model CMAQ. Based on the KAB modeling results, the ion-mediated H₂SO₄-H₂O binary nucleation module resulted in a significantly higher nucleation rate compared to the calculations from the existing modules (0.06 cm⁻³s⁻¹ vs. 1.16 cm⁻³s⁻¹), providing values closer to the observed nucleation rates. And according to the CMAQ modeling results, ternary H₂SO₄-H₂O-NH₃ homogeneous nucleation module gave the calculated aerosol number concentration the closest to the observed value. Such comparisons between modules are expected to be useful for selecting the most suitable nucleation module for the atmospheric conditions in South Korea.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121237"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of personal exposure to volatile organic chemicals (VOCs) in small-scale dry-cleaning facilities using passive sampling","authors":"Ji Hoon Seo ,&nbsp;Pil-Gon Kim ,&nbsp;Yun-Hee Choi ,&nbsp;Wonsik Shin ,&nbsp;Stefana Sochichiu ,&nbsp;Amir Hossein Khoshakhlagh ,&nbsp;Jung-Hwan Kwon","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates personal exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in 50 workers from small-scale dry-cleaning facilities using optimized ePTFE passive samplers, analyzing 13 VOCs. At mean exposure levels, significant non-carcinogenic risks were identified for trichloroethylene (TCE), while carcinogenic risks were confirmed for five compounds: styrene, benzene, ethylbenzene, dichloroethene (DCE), and perchloroethylene (PCE). Workers most frequently reported health changes (48 %), followed by specific symptoms such as dry skin (24 %), fatigue (22 %), skin irritation (20 %), and eye fatigue (20 %), all of which were associated with exposure to different VOCs in the workplace. These findings highlight the need for continuous monitoring and guidelines regarding working hours, particularly in small-scale workplaces. The VOC emissions from dry-cleaning facilities not only pose direct health risks to workers but also contribute to environmental pollution, highlighting the importance of proactive management and control measures in these businesses.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121235"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143830118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tropospheric ozone precursors over the Indian region: Insights into the shift toward a highly NOx-limited regime","authors":"Anoop Pakkattil,&nbsp;Sachin Ghude","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121233","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121233","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study comprehensively analyzes trends in tropospheric ozone precursors over the Indian region from 2018 to 2024, focusing on nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), formaldehyde (HCHO), and glyoxal (CHOCHO), using TROPOMI onboard Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite datasets. Our results reveal contrasting trends: while HCHO and CHOCHO show consistent increases, NO₂ exhibits a slight decrease over the past few years, likely reflecting the impact of emission control measures. The mean growth rate calculated for HCHO Vertical Column Density (VCD) is ∼1.7 % yr⁻¹ and ∼2 % yr⁻¹ for CHOCHO, whereas tropospheric NO₂ VCDs show a slower growth rate of ∼ −0.21 %yr⁻¹, indicating a reduction in NO_x emissions over recent years. The growth rate of HCHO is consistent with findings from previous studies. However, unlike earlier long-term studies, a recent decline in NO₂ has been observed. Long-term OMI dataset measurements are used to corroborate these findings. Analysis of the formaldehyde-to-nitrogen ratio indicates that the Indian mainland region is mostly NO_x-limited in nature, and further shifts toward highly NO_x-limited ozone production are observed in most parts of the study area. Seasonal patterns show pronounced peaks in NO₂ during winter and HCHO and CHOCHO during pre- and post-monsoon seasons, underscoring the significant influence of biomass burning and agricultural activities on precursor levels. The seasonal variation in the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) and fire density was analyzed to assess emissions from biogenic and pyrogenic sources. These findings emphasize the complexity of ozone precursor dynamics in India, highlighting the need for targeted emission controls to mitigate regional ozone pollution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121233"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143850504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Field observations of intermediate volatile organic compounds during haze events in three cities of northern China: Characteristics, sources and contributions to SOA formation","authors":"Minjun Jiang ,&nbsp;Xinxin Feng ,&nbsp;Yanli Feng ,&nbsp;Yanjie Lu ,&nbsp;Li Li ,&nbsp;Yingjun Chen ,&nbsp;Tian Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Intermediate volatile organic compounds (IVOCs) are the most important precursor of secondary organic aerosols (SOA) in the atmosphere, and there remains a deficiency of in-depth research regarding their concentrations, compositions, sources, and contribution to SOA. In this study, IVOCs and PM_2.5 samples with high-temporal-resolution were collected during five winter haze episodes (defined as ZB-P1, ZB-P2, HEB-P1, HEB-P2, and ZK-P1) in three cities in northern China (Harbin, Zibo, and Zhoukou). Among the three sampling sites, Harbin (HEB) recorded the highest IVOCs (73.1 ± 20.9 μg/m³) and PM_2.5 (193.5 ± 62.7 μg/m³), followed by Zhoukou (ZK) 57.5 ± 40.5 μg/m³ and 153.3 ± 78.4 μg/m³, and the lowest was Zibo (ZB) 24.4 ± 11.1 μg/m³ and 130.5 ± 53.2 μg/m³. During all haze episodes, IVOC_UCM was the main component of IVOCs, but the second dominant components varied among the cities. IVOC_n-alkanes was the dominant component in ZB, While IVOC_PAHs in HEB, and IVOC_b-alkanes in ZK. IVOCs exhibited a statistically significant inverse correlation with PM_2.5 and SOA_OC/EC (R = −0.48). It was found that IVOC_PAHs exhibited the highest reactivity among the four categories and might contribute more significantly to SOA. For some n-alkanes and PAHs, Dodecane (n-C12), Heptadecane (n-C17), and Acenaphthene (ACE) were more reactive species. Using the PMF model and accounting for the photochemical loss of IVOCs, four sources of IVOCs were identified: gasoline exhaust, biomass/coal combustion, diesel-related emissions, and other sources (industrial sources and fireworks emissions). Biomass/coal combustion dominated (54.6 % and 58.1 %, observed and initial) in HEB, while industrial sources were predominant in ZB (63 % and 62.7 %), and fireworks were the main source in ZK (67.5 % and 68.2 %). Our results highlight that biomass/coal combustion, industrial sources and vehicle emissions remain the primary control objects. We also suggest that there is a need to strengthen the emission control strategy for PAHs in IVOCs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121232"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143835135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Source characteristics and gas-particle partitioning of alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in coal combustion emissions","authors":"Cheng Yang ,&nbsp;Fang Yin ,&nbsp;Hao Wang ,&nbsp;Xianbin Li ,&nbsp;Penghao Su ,&nbsp;Daolun Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121231","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121231","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Investigations into the characteristics and phase-partitioning behavior of alkylated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (alkyl-PAHs) during coal combustion process remain notably limited. This study aims to analyze the source characteristics, distribution patterns, and partitioning mechanisms of parent and alkyl-PAHs in gas and particle phase emissions from coal combustion. The results show that 30.77 %–49.37 % of parent PAHs from coking, gas, lean and fat coal combustion emissions are distributed in gas phases, while it accounts for 78.59 % in lignite coal combustion emission. In terms of alkyl-PAHs, 79.05 %–89.45 % of coking, gas and lean coal combustion emissions are presented in particle phases, and 62.66 %–69.32 % of lignite and fat coal combustion emissions are presented in gas phases. Moreover, the PAH <em>p</em>-values from coal combustion emissions are in the range of −1.00 to −0.68, and the alkylated ones range from −0.80 to −0.54. Interestingly, alkylated phenanthrenes maintain a high degree of uniformity in the distribution patterns of combustion emissions, and their bell-shape distribution pattern performs to be a potential indicator of coal combustion. Furthermore, by employing partitioning models, it can be proven that absorption and adsorption are governing PAH partitioning mechanisms, and alkyl-PAHs can reach equilibrium more rapidly than parent PAHs. These findings offer detailed data into source analysis and the fate of alkyl-PAHs from coal combustion, which is expected to be helpful for environmental behavior investigation and better pollution control of coal combustion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121231"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advancements in observations, sources, and environmental effects of atmospheric hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)","authors":"Lian Duan ,&nbsp;Shuyuan Jia ,&nbsp;Xuran Li ,&nbsp;Yalong Wang ,&nbsp;Yiming Zhang ,&nbsp;Shuang Fu ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Can Ye ,&nbsp;Pengfei Liu ,&nbsp;Zongbo Shi ,&nbsp;Yujing Mu","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atmospheric hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is an important oxidant in the troposphere that impacts atmospheric oxidation capacity and plays key roles in S(IV) oxidation. In the past decade, researchers have proposed new H₂O₂ formation mechanisms as well as its significant environmental effects, based on field measurements, laboratory experiments, and modeling. However, these unconventional chemical processes related to atmospheric H₂O₂ have not been systematically reviewed, previous reviews on atmospheric H₂O₂ were published in the early 2000s. Herein, we review the recent atmospheric H₂O₂ studies throughout the world, mainly focusing on the observations, sources, and environmental effects of atmospheric H₂O₂. First, we summarize the temporal and vertical distributions of atmospheric H₂O₂ across urban, rural, mountainous, forested, and oceanic regions, as well as the upper atmosphere. Next, we discuss recent advancements in understanding potential sources of atmospheric H₂O₂ and its multiphase formation mechanisms. Finally, the increasing environmental effects of atmospheric H₂O₂, including its role in diagnosis of O₃-NO_x-VOCs sensitivity and significance in sulfate formation, are outlined. This review will help gain a comprehensive understanding of atmospheric H₂O₂ evolution and call for more future studies on atmospheric H₂O₂ to better deal with the current complex air pollution challenges.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121230"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143826338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of tourism on the local air quality in the Mountain Laoshan forest scenic areas","authors":"Yang Jiao ,&nbsp;Yangang Ren ,&nbsp;Jinhe Wang ,&nbsp;Ravi Yadav ,&nbsp;Shan Chen ,&nbsp;Chengtang Liu ,&nbsp;Jiangshan Mu ,&nbsp;Likun Xue ,&nbsp;Yujing Mu ,&nbsp;Abdelwahid Mellouki","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121229","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121229","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tourism activities can have a significant impact on air quality in forest scenic areas. In this work, we measured the levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including carbonyls and non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHCs), in the national forest park of Mountain Laoshan (Mt. Laoshan) in Qingdao, China, and evaluated the impact of these levels on air quality in this specific area. We found that during the May Day holidays (May 1–5, 2021), when the number of tourists is typically high, the average of VOCs total concentration was around 23.8 ± 22.6 ppbv, about 1.5 times higher than during periods with fewer tourists, ≈16.3 ± 15.2 ppbv. Most VOC species exhibited a bimodal profile diurnal variation during lunch and dinner periods. Using the Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF) model, five anthropogenic sources were identified, with liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) usage and traffic emissions being the two primary sources of VOCs in the Mt. Laoshan forest scenic area, respectively. The results indicate that tourism has a significant impact on atmospheric VOCs levels in the investigated area. Based on a 0-D model, we studied the effects of additional emissions from human activity on the atmospheric chemistry in the Mt. Laoshan forest scenic area. It was found that the additional NOx and VOCs emissions from tourism obviously increased the NO₃ reactivity during the night and OH formation during the daytime, which significantly increases the local atmospheric oxidation capacity. Therefore, this study emphasizes the significant impact of tourism activities, such as catering and traffic emissions, on the local air quality in forest scenic areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"353 ","pages":"Article 121229"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143837969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deposition rates and air concentrations of tire and road wear particles near a motorway in Germany","authors":"Stephan Weinbruch,&nbsp;Jeannette Matthies,&nbsp;Linyue Zou,&nbsp;Konrad Kandler,&nbsp;Martin Ebert,&nbsp;Moritz Bigalke","doi":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121228","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.atmosenv.2025.121228","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Tire and road wear particles (TRWP) are an important component of non-exhaust emissions from road traffic. They are internal mixtures of tire material, road wear, brake wear, and soil minerals. In contrast to tire material analysed by bulk analytical techniques, there is little literature on the air concentrations and deposition rates of TRWP. The main purpose of our study was to determine deposition rates and air concentrations of TRWP at a motorway in Germany. TRWP were collected with passive samplers and analysed by scanning electron microscopy. Number deposition rates varied between approximately 100 particles cm⁻² day⁻¹ at 3.5 m distance and 30 particles cm⁻² day⁻¹ at 30.5 m distance from the road, and mass deposition rates between 7.8 mg m⁻² day⁻¹ and 2.8 mg m⁻² day⁻¹, respectively. Air concentrations of TRWP calculated from the mass deposition rates varied between approximately 3.8 μg/m³ (3.5 m distance) and 0.95 μg/m³ (30.5 m distance). The influence of potential particle misclassification, density of TRWP, and volume approximation on the deposition rates and air concentrations is small. Air concentrations of TRWP observed in this study are reasonably consistent with the results of previous electron microscopy studies, but are significantly higher than the values used in risk assessment. This discrepancy clearly shows that further exposure measurements are required. The input of organic additives such as benzothiazole and N-(1,3-dimethylbutyl)-N′-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine (6PPD) as well as carbon, sulfur and zinc through deposition in road soils should be taken into account when assessing the environmental impact of TRWP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":250,"journal":{"name":"Atmospheric Environment","volume":"352 ","pages":"Article 121228"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143808664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}