Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108972
Alejandro Lyons Cerón, Mais Hanna Suleiman Baqain, Oliver Järvik, Dmitri Nešumajev, Alar Konist
Chemical looping gasification (CLG) enables syngas production with inherent CO2 separation through the circulation of solid oxygen carriers between fuel and air reactors. Biomass has been extensively investigated in CLG systems, whereas mineral-rich fuels such as oil shale are typically regarded as challenging due to their high ash content, despite containing calcium- and iron-bearing phases with potential functional roles. This review examines the co-conversion of biomass and mineral-rich oil shale in CLG, with particular emphasis on the potential role of oil shale ash as an in situ oxygen carrier, together with oxygen carrier selection, ash–carrier interactions, process configurations, and environmental implications. Insights are drawn from biomass-based CLG, high-ash fuel conversion, and mineral- or waste-derived oxygen carriers, as direct experimental studies on biomass–oil shale CLG remain limited. In thermochemical and chemical looping systems, calcium- and iron-bearing mineral phases have been shown to influence alkali behaviour, tar conversion, CO2 capture reactions, and oxygen transfer processes, indicating that oil shale mineral matter may actively participate in CLG through interaction with biomass-derived ash and partial involvement in redox cycles as phases such as Fe2O3 and CaSO4. Key research needs include (i) bench- and pilot-scale experimental studies, (ii) systematic evaluation of waste- and ash-derived oxygen carriers, and (iii) integration of modelling and data-driven approaches for oxygen carrier screening and process analysis.
{"title":"Chemical looping gasification of biomass and mineral-rich oil shale fuel: Opportunities for integrated valorisation and CO2-Negative syngas","authors":"Alejandro Lyons Cerón, Mais Hanna Suleiman Baqain, Oliver Järvik, Dmitri Nešumajev, Alar Konist","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108972","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108972","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Chemical looping gasification (CLG) enables syngas production with inherent CO<sub>2</sub> separation through the circulation of solid oxygen carriers between fuel and air reactors. Biomass has been extensively investigated in CLG systems, whereas mineral-rich fuels such as oil shale are typically regarded as challenging due to their high ash content, despite containing calcium- and iron-bearing phases with potential functional roles. This review examines the co-conversion of biomass and mineral-rich oil shale in CLG, with particular emphasis on the potential role of oil shale ash as an in situ oxygen carrier, together with oxygen carrier selection, ash–carrier interactions, process configurations, and environmental implications. Insights are drawn from biomass-based CLG, high-ash fuel conversion, and mineral- or waste-derived oxygen carriers, as direct experimental studies on biomass–oil shale CLG remain limited. In thermochemical and chemical looping systems, calcium- and iron-bearing mineral phases have been shown to influence alkali behaviour, tar conversion, CO<sub>2</sub> capture reactions, and oxygen transfer processes, indicating that oil shale mineral matter may actively participate in CLG through interaction with biomass-derived ash and partial involvement in redox cycles as phases such as Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and CaSO<sub>4</sub>. Key research needs include (i) bench- and pilot-scale experimental studies, (ii) systematic evaluation of waste- and ash-derived oxygen carriers, and (iii) integration of modelling and data-driven approaches for oxygen carrier screening and process analysis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108972"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108928
Omar Moussa, Yassir Makkawi
Biochar, a carbonaceous residue with diverse applications as a solid fuel, soil enhancer, activated carbon, and adsorbent, has recently gained prominence for its catalytic potential in various chemical transformations. Its intrinsic porosity and high mineral content make it an attractive candidate for the catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis products. This review critically evaluates the properties of biochar relevant to catalysis and the strategies for tailoring these characteristics through feedstock selection, pre-treatment, activation, and modifications in pyrolysis conditions, including temperature, sweeping gas, and reactor configuration. Advances in employing biochar as a standalone catalyst and as a support for active phases, including metal oxides, are systematically assessed. Agricultural residues and animal manures emerge as the most suitable feedstocks for catalytic applications due to the high ash and mineral content of their resulting biochars. These feedstocks also exhibit abundant oxygenated functional groups, favorable for bio-oil cracking. In contrast, woody biomass yields low-ash, carbon-rich biochar with higher heating values, making it more suitable for energy applications. Sewage sludge also produces mineral-rich biochar with promising catalytic activity, though its limited availability is a constraint. This review provides practical guidelines for optimizing biochar yield and functionality, offering a roadmap for designing next-generation biochar-based catalysts.
{"title":"Catalytic applications of biochar from organic waste and woody biomass in pyrolysis product upgrading: A comprehensive review","authors":"Omar Moussa, Yassir Makkawi","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108928","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108928","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Biochar, a carbonaceous residue with diverse applications as a solid fuel, soil enhancer, activated carbon, and adsorbent, has recently gained prominence for its catalytic potential in various chemical transformations. Its intrinsic porosity and high mineral content make it an attractive candidate for the catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis products. This review critically evaluates the properties of biochar relevant to catalysis and the strategies for tailoring these characteristics through feedstock selection, pre-treatment, activation, and modifications in pyrolysis conditions, including temperature, sweeping gas, and reactor configuration. Advances in employing biochar as a standalone catalyst and as a support for active phases, including metal oxides, are systematically assessed. Agricultural residues and animal manures emerge as the most suitable feedstocks for catalytic applications due to the high ash and mineral content of their resulting biochars. These feedstocks also exhibit abundant oxygenated functional groups, favorable for bio-oil cracking. In contrast, woody biomass yields low-ash, carbon-rich biochar with higher heating values, making it more suitable for energy applications. Sewage sludge also produces mineral-rich biochar with promising catalytic activity, though its limited availability is a constraint. This review provides practical guidelines for optimizing biochar yield and functionality, offering a roadmap for designing next-generation biochar-based catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108928"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The contamination of soil with antimony (Sb) presents a significant risk to ecological systems and public health. Conventional biochar offers limited mitigation of Sb toxicity for plants grown in highly contaminated soil. Ball milling can enhance the physicochemical properties of biochar; however, the effects of ball-milled biochar on biological interactions in the rhizosphere remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ball-milled biochar on the rhizosphere microenvironment, Sb accumulation, and maize growth in soil from an abandoned Sb smelting site. Three pot treatments were set up, which were soil alone (CK), soil amended with non-ball-milled biochar (SBC) and ball-milled biochar (SQBC). Each treatment was sown with maize seedlings. The results revealed that the reduction of Sb accumulation in maize accounted for 95% and 66% in SQBC treatment relative to CK and SBC treatments (P < 0.001). This immobilization was achieved through a profound shift in Sb speciation that significantly increased the stable residual fraction. Maize biomass was significantly higher in SQBC than in its counterparts (P < 0.001). Ball-milled biochar enriched beneficial bacterial taxa such as Pseudomonadota and Bacillota and drove a restructuring of the rhizosphere metabolome in Sb-polluted soils. Key detoxification pathways, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and alkaloid biosynthesis, were significantly upregulated in SQBC. This study suggests that amendment of Sb polluted soil with ball-milled biochar can create a rhizosphere environment that selectively enriches a beneficial microbiome and stimulates a detoxifying metabolome, thereby reducing Sb pollution and enhancing plant growth.
{"title":"Ball-milled biochar stabilizes antimony in contaminated soils by driving rhizosphere metabolite-bacteria synergy","authors":"Gratien Twagirayezu , Hongguang Cheng , Antong Xia , Zhibing Wu , Mohamed Abo-Eldahab , Dan Xing , Deng Linbo , Yanyou Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108946","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108946","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The contamination of soil with antimony (Sb) presents a significant risk to ecological systems and public health. Conventional biochar offers limited mitigation of Sb toxicity for plants grown in highly contaminated soil. Ball milling can enhance the physicochemical properties of biochar; however, the effects of ball-milled biochar on biological interactions in the rhizosphere remain unknown. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of ball-milled biochar on the rhizosphere microenvironment, Sb accumulation, and maize growth in soil from an abandoned Sb smelting site. Three pot treatments were set up, which were soil alone (CK), soil amended with non-ball-milled biochar (SBC) and ball-milled biochar (SQBC). Each treatment was sown with maize seedlings. The results revealed that the reduction of Sb accumulation in maize accounted for 95% and 66% in SQBC treatment relative to CK and SBC treatments (<em>P < 0.001</em>). This immobilization was achieved through a profound shift in Sb speciation that significantly increased the stable residual fraction. Maize biomass was significantly higher in SQBC than in its counterparts (<em>P < 0.001</em>). Ball-milled biochar enriched beneficial bacterial taxa such as <em>Pseudomonadota</em> and <em>Bacillota</em> and drove a restructuring of the rhizosphere metabolome in Sb-polluted soils. Key detoxification pathways, including steroid hormone biosynthesis, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, and alkaloid biosynthesis, were significantly upregulated in SQBC. This study suggests that amendment of Sb polluted soil with ball-milled biochar can create a rhizosphere environment that selectively enriches a beneficial microbiome and stimulates a detoxifying metabolome, thereby reducing Sb pollution and enhancing plant growth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108946"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Coffee pulp is the main solid waste derived from wet processing, posing environmental risks if not properly handled. However, its valorization can benefit both the environment and the regional economy. This study examines the holistic approach of phenolic compounds extraction, coupled with the further valorization of the residual biomass through anaerobic digestion, while an economic assessment indicates the most favored pathway. Several pretreatment methods were considered (squeezing, grinding, ultrasounds (US), microwaves, and supercritical CO2 (SC CO2)), followed by the evaluation of the extract content in total phenolics and flavonoids, while the anaerobic digestion process for CH4 production followed. The US and SC CO2 methods showed maximum phenolics extraction efficiency up to 58.3 % and 35.2 % respectively, compared to the reference. The biochemical methane potential tests also indicated higher methane yields for the cases of SC CO2 (up to 31 %) and US (up to 22 %), although the rest of the pretreatment methods were not very promising. Finally, an economic assessment was conducted using the zero net benefit approach to investigate the minimum phenolic mixture selling price and the anaerobic digestion contribution on the profitability. Accordingly, the US pretreatment method was found to be the most efficient, with mixed phenolics selling price of 15.3 €/kg, namely 66 % less than a typical selling price, marking the US as the most economically feasible option. Overall, the study showed the importance of combining pretreatment and phenolic compounds extraction along with anaerobic digestion of the residual biomass for a sustainable valorization of coffee pulp to improve the environment and economic feasibility.
{"title":"Sustainable valorization of coffee pulp: Evaluation of the pretreatment effect on the phenolic compounds recovery and anaerobic digestion of the residual biomass","authors":"Abdulfetah Sherefa Arega , Konstantina Tsigkou , Shimelis Kebede Kassahun , Irini Angelidaki","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108969","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108969","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coffee pulp is the main solid waste derived from wet processing, posing environmental risks if not properly handled. However, its valorization can benefit both the environment and the regional economy. This study examines the holistic approach of phenolic compounds extraction, coupled with the further valorization of the residual biomass through anaerobic digestion, while an economic assessment indicates the most favored pathway. Several pretreatment methods were considered (squeezing, grinding, ultrasounds (US), microwaves, and supercritical CO<sub>2</sub> (SC CO<sub>2</sub>)), followed by the evaluation of the extract content in total phenolics and flavonoids, while the anaerobic digestion process for CH<sub>4</sub> production followed. The US and SC CO<sub>2</sub> methods showed maximum phenolics extraction efficiency up to 58.3 % and 35.2 % respectively, compared to the reference. The biochemical methane potential tests also indicated higher methane yields for the cases of SC CO<sub>2</sub> (up to 31 %) and US (up to 22 %), although the rest of the pretreatment methods were not very promising. Finally, an economic assessment was conducted using the zero net benefit approach to investigate the minimum phenolic mixture selling price and the anaerobic digestion contribution on the profitability. Accordingly, the US pretreatment method was found to be the most efficient, with mixed phenolics selling price of 15.3 €/kg, namely 66 % less than a typical selling price, marking the US as the most economically feasible option. Overall, the study showed the importance of combining pretreatment and phenolic compounds extraction along with anaerobic digestion of the residual biomass for a sustainable valorization of coffee pulp to improve the environment and economic feasibility.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108969"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108977
Mohamed A. Hassaan , Nesma I.M. Abdelaziz , Murat Yılmaz , Ahmed M. Ibrahim , Mohammed S. Hassouna , Ahmed El Nemr
The urgent demand for sustainable biofuels that do not compromise food security has intensified efforts to optimize Chlorella salina (C. salina) for biomass and lipid production. This study employed a sequential experimental-modelling approach, utilizing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in conjunction with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) validation, to optimize growth parameters that influence biomass, lipid productivity, and biodiesel attributes. When cultivated in F/2 medium, C. salina entered the stationary phase on day 9, achieving a maximum cell density of 5.39 × 106 cells/mL after 12 days, with a peak biomass yield of 312 mg L−1. The highest lipid content (26.11 %) and productivity (6.79 mg L−1 d−1) were recorded under the same conditions after 12 days. Gas chromatography revealed saturated fatty acids (SFA) at 44.04 %, while Basal SAG medium yielded maximum monounsaturated (MUFA, 36.73 %) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 18.23 %). RSM models exhibited excellent predictive power (R2 > 0.97), corroborated by the ANN, which showed strong alignment with the experimental data. Multi-response optimization via desirability function identified optimal conditions: 27 days of cultivation, N2 at 800 ppm, NaHCO3 at 100 ppm, and CO2 at 13 ppm. This validated sequential strategy provides a robust framework for optimizing complex biological systems, enhancing the economic feasibility of algal biofuels.
{"title":"RSM-ANN sequential optimization of biomass, lipid yield, and biodiesel quality from Chlorella salina","authors":"Mohamed A. Hassaan , Nesma I.M. Abdelaziz , Murat Yılmaz , Ahmed M. Ibrahim , Mohammed S. Hassouna , Ahmed El Nemr","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108977","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108977","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The urgent demand for sustainable biofuels that do not compromise food security has intensified efforts to optimize <em>Chlorella salina</em> (<em>C. salina</em>) for biomass and lipid production. This study employed a sequential experimental-modelling approach, utilizing Response Surface Methodology (RSM) in conjunction with Artificial Neural Network (ANN) validation, to optimize growth parameters that influence biomass, lipid productivity, and biodiesel attributes. When cultivated in F/2 medium, <em>C. salina</em> entered the stationary phase on day 9, achieving a maximum cell density of 5.39 × 10<sup>6</sup> cells/mL after 12 days, with a peak biomass yield of 312 mg L<sup>−1</sup>. The highest lipid content (26.11 %) and productivity (6.79 mg L<sup>−1</sup> d<sup>−1</sup>) were recorded under the same conditions after 12 days. Gas chromatography revealed saturated fatty acids (SFA) at 44.04 %, while Basal SAG medium yielded maximum monounsaturated (MUFA, 36.73 %) and polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA, 18.23 %). RSM models exhibited excellent predictive power (R<sup>2</sup> > 0.97), corroborated by the ANN, which showed strong alignment with the experimental data. Multi-response optimization via desirability function identified optimal conditions: 27 days of cultivation, N<sub>2</sub> at 800 ppm, NaHCO<sub>3</sub> at 100 ppm, and CO<sub>2</sub> at 13 ppm. This validated sequential strategy provides a robust framework for optimizing complex biological systems, enhancing the economic feasibility of algal biofuels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108977"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145962536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108937
Akshaya K , Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian
Anaerobic digestion is widely used for stabilizing waste activated sludge and recovering methane, but its efficiency is limited by the slow hydrolysis of complex organic matter. This study investigates a novel combined pretreatment approach using ascorbic acid (ASA) and ultrasonication (US) to enhance sludge solubilization and methane yield. The effectiveness of ASA, US, and their integration (ASA–US) was evaluated in terms of solubilized COD, biopolymer release, methane production, and microbial community shifts. The optimal combined pretreatment (0.04 g/g TSS ASA and 1.625 W/mL US) achieved 21.7 % COD solubilization—higher than ASA (7.6 %) and US (14.2 %) alone. Methane yield increased by 109.6 % compared to the control, reaching 285 ± 4 mL/g VS for ASA-US pretreated sludge. Kinetic modelling (Modified Gompertz and Logistic models) confirmed the enhanced biodegradability of the pretreated sludge. Microbial analysis revealed a notable enrichment of hydrolytic and acidogenic taxa such as Firmicutes and Clostridia, with a concurrent reduction in Proteobacteria, indicating a community shift favouring methanogenesis. Mechanistically, ASA promoted EPS disruption and deflocculation, while US-induced cavitation facilitated microbial cell lysis, collectively enhancing hydrolysis. These findings demonstrate that ASA–US pretreatment is an effective and synergistic strategy to improve methane recovery from waste activated sludge.
{"title":"Unveiling the mechanisms of integrated pretreatment of ultrasonication and ascorbic acid for methane production from waste activated sludge","authors":"Akshaya K , Rangabhashiyam Selvasembian","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anaerobic digestion is widely used for stabilizing waste activated sludge and recovering methane, but its efficiency is limited by the slow hydrolysis of complex organic matter. This study investigates a novel combined pretreatment approach using ascorbic acid (ASA) and ultrasonication (US) to enhance sludge solubilization and methane yield. The effectiveness of ASA, US, and their integration (ASA–US) was evaluated in terms of solubilized COD, biopolymer release, methane production, and microbial community shifts. The optimal combined pretreatment (0.04 g/g TSS ASA and 1.625 W/mL US) achieved 21.7 % COD solubilization—higher than ASA (7.6 %) and US (14.2 %) alone. Methane yield increased by 109.6 % compared to the control, reaching 285 ± 4 mL/g VS for ASA-US pretreated sludge. Kinetic modelling (Modified Gompertz and Logistic models) confirmed the enhanced biodegradability of the pretreated sludge. Microbial analysis revealed a notable enrichment of hydrolytic and acidogenic taxa such as <em>Firmicutes</em> and <em>Clostridia</em>, with a concurrent reduction in <em>Proteobacteria</em>, indicating a community shift favouring methanogenesis. Mechanistically, ASA promoted EPS disruption and deflocculation, while US-induced cavitation facilitated microbial cell lysis, collectively enhancing hydrolysis. These findings demonstrate that ASA–US pretreatment is an effective and synergistic strategy to improve methane recovery from waste activated sludge.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108937"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145961753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Lignocellulosic hydrolysates are rich in inhibitory compounds, which severely hinder the performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae in bio-based production processes. In this study, we employed adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) over 90 serial transfers under increasing inhibitor concentrations to generate strain 40B, exhibiting broad-spectrum tolerance. Phenotypic analysis revealed significantly improved growth and fermentation performance in high-inhibitor hydrolysate conditions. Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified key tolerance mechanisms, including enhanced antioxidant defense, energy metabolism, membrane integrity, and notably, the upregulation of amide-tRNA synthetases—a previously unreported adaptation in yeast. These changes supported elevated TCA cycle activity, reduced ROS levels, and improved organelle stability under inhibitor stress. Overexpression of YEF1, FDH1, and CRZ1 conferred increased inhibitor tolerance, while mutations in PTC4, ISC1, and GPA1 were found to be pivotal in modulating stress responses. This finding advances microbial stress response understanding and addresses gaps in designing robust microbial cell factories for sustainable biomass conversion.
{"title":"Discovery of a lignocellulosic hydrolysate-tolerant Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain and elucidation of a novel stress resistance mechanism","authors":"Zhengyue Zhang, Linjia Jiang, Hanyu Wang, Qian Li, Sardar Ali, Yulei Chen, Jiaye Tang, Jiwei Shen, Wenli Xin, Lingling Feng, Menggen Ma","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108941","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108941","url":null,"abstract":"Lignocellulosic hydrolysates are rich in inhibitory compounds, which severely hinder the performance of <ce:italic>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</ce:italic> in bio-based production processes. In this study, we employed adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) over 90 serial transfers under increasing inhibitor concentrations to generate strain 40B, exhibiting broad-spectrum tolerance. Phenotypic analysis revealed significantly improved growth and fermentation performance in high-inhibitor hydrolysate conditions. Integrated genomic and transcriptomic analyses identified key tolerance mechanisms, including enhanced antioxidant defense, energy metabolism, membrane integrity, and notably, the upregulation of amide-tRNA synthetases—a previously unreported adaptation in yeast. These changes supported elevated TCA cycle activity, reduced ROS levels, and improved organelle stability under inhibitor stress. Overexpression of <ce:italic>YEF1</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>FDH1</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>CRZ1</ce:italic> conferred increased inhibitor tolerance, while mutations in <ce:italic>PTC4</ce:italic>, <ce:italic>ISC1</ce:italic>, and <ce:italic>GPA1</ce:italic> were found to be pivotal in modulating stress responses. This finding advances microbial stress response understanding and addresses gaps in designing robust microbial cell factories for sustainable biomass conversion.","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":6.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108971
Zhong-Tao Xiong, Xiao-Fan Wu, Min Yang
Developing green pathways to convert biomass residues into advanced carbon materials plays a crucial role in promoting carbon neutrality and renewable energy utilization. In this study, bamboo-derived residues were adopted as the carbon feed material, L-methionine provided nitrogen and sulfur functionalities, and KMnO4 served as a co-activating agent. The proportional control strategy coupled with one-step carbonization enabled the formation of coral-like carbon architectures (BWC-Met) with N and S dual incorporation and cross-linked porosity. BWC-Met-2 outperformed its counterparts owing to its high accessible surface (1385.62 m2 g−1) and superior charge-storage capability (460.2 F g−1 at 1 A g−1). At a power density of 500 W kg−1, the symmetric supercapacitor assembled from BWC-Met-2 exhibited an energy density of 8.6 Wh·kg−1. Even after 10,000 charge-discharge cycles, the device preserved 94.2 % of its initial capacitance, indicating outstanding cycling durability. The proposed green and straightforward fabrication approach enables controllable generation of porous carbon frameworks from renewable biomass residues, while simultaneously enhancing the capacitive output of the devices. This strategy provides a promising avenue for advancing bio-derived carbon materials toward next-generation energy storage applications.
开发将生物质残渣转化为先进碳材料的绿色途径对促进碳中和和可再生能源利用具有重要作用。本研究以竹基残基为碳料，l -蛋氨酸提供氮和硫官能团，KMnO4作为共活化剂。比例控制策略与一步炭化相结合，形成了具有N和S双重结合和交联孔隙度的类珊瑚碳结构（BWC-Met）。BWC-Met-2由于其高可达表面（1385.62 m2 g−1）和优越的电荷存储能力（在1 A g−1时为460.2 F g−1）而优于同类材料。在功率密度为500 W kg−1时，BWC-Met-2组装的对称超级电容器的能量密度为8.6 Wh·kg−1。即使在10,000次充放电循环后，该设备仍保留了94.2%的初始电容，表明其出色的循环耐久性。提出的绿色和直接的制造方法能够从可再生生物质残留物中可控地产生多孔碳框架，同时提高设备的电容输出。这一策略为推进生物衍生碳材料向下一代储能应用提供了一条有前途的途径。
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Pub Date : 2026-01-12DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108945
Wenbin Huang , Jiahao Wang , Liyu Chang , Hui Li , Long Liu , Yanqiang Zhang
Cyclopropanation of biomass alkenes is a novel method for the high-energy rocket fuel preparation. Here we report a pathway for the rapid access to cyclopropane-based fuels, i.e., dichlorocyclopropanation of alkenes and dechlorination. Specifically, CHCl3 is deprotonated and dechlorinated to generate highly active dichlorocarbene. The subsequent cyclopropanation of biomass monoalkene (β-pinene), dialkene (limonene) and trialkene (myrcene) with dichlorocarbene affords dichlorocyclopropane compounds, which are dechlorinated by the metal sodium to get three high energetic fuels (ρ: 0.84–0.89 g mL−1, 42.75–43.46 MJ kg−1). The resulted monocyclopropane and dicyclopropane-based fuels have the two-step yields as 84 % and 76 %, while lower yield for tricyclopropane as 42 %. Our research provides a straightforward method for the synthesis of high-energy rocket fuels, which exhibits the competitive potential for industrial applications.
生物质烯烃环丙烷化是制备高能火箭燃料的一种新方法。在这里，我们报告了快速获取环丙烷基燃料的途径，即烯烃的二氯环丙烷化和脱氯。具体来说，CHCl3被去质子化和去氯化，生成高活性的二氯苯。生物质单烯（β-蒎烯）、二烯（柠檬烯）和三烯（myrcene）与二氯甲烷进行环丙烷反应，得到二氯环丙烷化合物，金属钠对其进行脱氯，得到三种高能燃料（ρ: 0.84-0.89 g mL−1,42.75-43.46 MJ kg−1）。所得单环丙烷和双环丙烷基燃料的两步产率分别为84%和76%，而三环丙烷的两步产率较低，为42%。我们的研究为高能火箭燃料的合成提供了一种简单的方法，具有工业应用的竞争潜力。
{"title":"Introducing chloroform as cyclopropanation precursor for the efficient synthesis of high-energy fuels","authors":"Wenbin Huang , Jiahao Wang , Liyu Chang , Hui Li , Long Liu , Yanqiang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108945","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.108945","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Cyclopropanation of biomass alkenes is a novel method for the high-energy rocket fuel preparation. Here we report a pathway for the rapid access to cyclopropane-based fuels, i.e., dichlorocyclopropanation of alkenes and dechlorination. Specifically, CHCl<sub>3</sub> is deprotonated and dechlorinated to generate highly active dichlorocarbene. The subsequent cyclopropanation of biomass monoalkene (β-pinene), dialkene (limonene) and trialkene (myrcene) with dichlorocarbene affords dichlorocyclopropane compounds, which are dechlorinated by the metal sodium to get three high energetic fuels (ρ: 0.84–0.89 g mL<sup>−1</sup>, 42.75–43.46 MJ kg<sup>−1</sup>). The resulted monocyclopropane and dicyclopropane-based fuels have the two-step yields as 84 % and 76 %, while lower yield for tricyclopropane as 42 %. Our research provides a straightforward method for the synthesis of high-energy rocket fuels, which exhibits the competitive potential for industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"209 ","pages":"Article 108945"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145957134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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