Biomass & Bioenergy最新文献_第10页

Evaluation of broad-spectrum antimicrobial efficacy of biogenic NiO/CuO nanocomposite: In vitro, in silico, and molecular docking approach 生物源NiO/CuO纳米复合材料的广谱抗菌效果评价：体外、硅和分子对接方法

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108882

Shalu Yadav , Ankit Singh , Deepanshu Rana , Abhay Kumar Choubey , Praveen Kumar Srivastava

The emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens necessitates alternative antimicrobial agents with enhanced efficacy and minimal environmental impact. In this study, we report the green synthesis of biogenic CuO/NiO mixed metal oxide nanocomposites using Moringa oleifera leaves extract, aimed at developing broad-spectrum antimicrobial materials. This study aimed to evaluate the synergistic antimicrobial potential of biogenic CuO/NiO nanocomposites. Two nanocomposites, B12 (copper rich) and B21 (nickel rich), were synthesized via a green solution combustion method for enhanced antibacterial and antifungal efficacy. Nanocomposites were characterized using UV–Visible Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM), and High-Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HR-TEM). The PXRD analysis confirmed the crystalline nature of CuO and NiO phases. FE-SEM and HR-TEM revealed polydisperse spherical particles with sizes <50 nm. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometer (EDS) confirmed elemental composition with prominent peaks for Cu, Ni, and O. Antimicrobial testing against Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Fusarium oxysporum, and Aspergillus niger showed zone of inhibition values ranging from 16.2 ± 0.13 mm to 23.4 ± 0.16 mm. Cu-rich (B21) nanocomposites were more effective against Gram-negative bacteria, while Ni-rich (B12) particles exhibited stronger antifungal properties. Molecular docking simulations further revealed strong binding affinities of NiO nanoparticles to FabH (−6.1 kcal/mol) and chitin synthase (−7.6 kcal/mol), supporting enzyme-targeted antimicrobial mechanisms. This study demonstrates that biogenic CuO/NiO nanocomposites hold significant promise as eco-friendly, multi-target antimicrobial agents for potential applications in biomedical and agricultural fields.

耐多药病原体的出现需要具有增强功效和最小环境影响的替代抗菌药物。本研究以辣木叶提取物为原料，绿色合成了生物源CuO/NiO混合金属氧化物纳米复合材料，旨在开发广谱抗菌材料。本研究旨在评价生物源CuO/NiO纳米复合材料的协同抗菌潜力。采用绿色溶液燃烧法合成了富铜纳米复合材料B12和富镍纳米复合材料B21，提高了复合材料的抗菌和抗真菌效果。采用紫外-可见漫反射光谱（UV-DRS）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、粉末x射线衍射（PXRD）、场发射扫描电镜（FE-SEM）和高分辨率透射电镜（HR-TEM）对纳米复合材料进行了表征。PXRD分析证实了CuO和NiO相的结晶性质。FE-SEM和HR-TEM显示了尺寸为50 nm的多分散球形颗粒。对大肠埃希菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌、尖孢镰刀菌和黑曲霉的抑菌范围为16.2±0.13 mm ~ 23.4±0.16 mm。富cu （B21）纳米复合材料对革兰氏阴性菌的抑菌效果更好，而富ni （B12）纳米复合材料的抑菌效果更强。分子对接模拟进一步揭示了NiO纳米颗粒与FabH（−6.1 kcal/mol）和几丁质合成酶（−7.6 kcal/mol）的强结合亲和力，支持酶靶向抗菌机制。该研究表明，生物源CuO/NiO纳米复合材料作为生态友好的多靶点抗菌药物在生物医学和农业领域具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Dual-module engineering of Saccharomyces cerevisiae for efficient glucose-xylose Co-utilization via secretory xylose isomerase and xylulose transport activation 通过分泌木糖异构酶和木糖转运激活实现葡萄糖-木糖高效共利用的酿酒酵母双模块工程

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108863

Liuqing Yang , Yanshu Huang , Xi Chen , Wanli Cheng , Jiashu Liu , Zhengbing Jiang , Huanan Li

Co-fermentation of glucose and xylose in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is hindered by glucose repression and inefficient xylose transport. We present a dual-module engineering strategy combining secretory xylose isomerase (XI) with xylulose transport activation to overcome these limitations. By constructing recombinant S. cerevisiae with secretory or intracellular XI, we demonstrated that extracellular isomerization of xylose to xylulose significantly enhanced mixed-sugar co-utilization. The secretory XI strain (INVSc1 SS-PirXI) achieved 75.2 % xylose consumption in mixed-sugar, a 6.4-fold increase over the intracellular XI strain (INVSc1 PirXI, 11.8 %). This enhancement is attributed to the superior utilization efficiency of xylulose over xylose inherent in S. cerevisiae. Biochemical characterization revealed that secreted XI exhibited 9.9 % higher specific activity (0.78 vs. 0.71 IU/mg) than its intracellular counterpart, attributed to reduced interference from endogenous reductases. Crucially, endogenous transporters in S. cerevisiae and heterologous transporter N326F^Xtr1p displayed superior uptake for xylulose than xylose in mixed-sugar, with glucose showing no competitive inhibition on xylulose uptake. Transcriptomic profiling unveiled that xylulose triggered a glucose-like metabolic mode, upregulating glycolysis genes while suppressing gluconeogenesis and TCA cycle genes. Our work establishes a synergistic framework for lignocellulosic biorefining: extracellular XI-mediated isomerization decouples xylose metabolism from glucose competition, while enhanced xylulose transport. This dual-module strategy provides a blueprint for engineering microbial cell factories toward efficient mixed-sugar valorization.

葡萄糖和木糖在酿酒酵母中的共发酵受到葡萄糖抑制和木糖运输效率低下的阻碍。我们提出了一种结合分泌木糖异构酶（XI）和木糖转运激活的双模块工程策略来克服这些限制。通过构建含有分泌型或胞内型XI的重组酿酒酵母，我们证明了木糖到木糖的胞外异构化显著提高了混合糖的共利用。分泌型XI菌株（INVSc1 SS-PirXI）在混合糖中的木糖消耗量达到75.2%，比细胞内XI菌株（INVSc1 PirXI, 11.8%）增加6.4倍。这种增强是由于木糖的利用效率优于酿酒酵母所固有的木糖。生化表征表明，分泌的XI比细胞内的XI具有9.9%的高特异性活性（0.78 vs 0.71 IU/mg），这归因于内源性还原酶的干扰减少。至关重要的是，酿酒酵母中的内源性转运体和外源转运体N326FXtr1p对木糖的摄取优于混合糖中的木糖，而葡萄糖对木糖的摄取没有竞争性抑制。转录组学分析表明，木糖糖触发了葡萄糖样代谢模式，上调糖酵解基因，同时抑制糖异生和TCA循环基因。我们的工作建立了木质纤维素生物精制的协同框架：细胞外xi介导的异构化使木糖代谢与葡萄糖竞争解耦，同时增强木糖运输。这种双模块策略为工程微生物细胞工厂向高效混合糖增值提供了蓝图。

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引用次数: 0

Unveiling gas-phase compounds and aldehydes in the oxidative fast pyrolysis of long-chain fatty acids 揭示长链脂肪酸氧化快速热解过程中的气相化合物和醛类

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108896

Changrong Luo , Yu Zhang , Qianqian Yin , Wenyan Xie , Lingjie Zeng , Qian Zhang , Bing Wang , Haoran Meng , Guijun Yu

Fast pyrolysis of long-chain fatty acids (LCFAs) generates a diverse array of volatile compounds with potential value for flavor and fragrance applications. In this study, five LCFAs such as palmitic (C16:0), stearic (C18:0), oleic (C18:1), linoleic (C18:2), and linolenic acid (C18:3) underwent oxidative fast pyrolysis using a temperature program from 300 °C to 900 °C under 9 % O₂. Gas-phase pyrolysates were isolated using a custom filtration–cold-trap system and analyzed by GC–MS. Quantitative results revealed clear structure–reactivity relationships: saturated LCFAs predominantly produced alkenes/alkynes (up to 44 % in palmitic and stearic acids) and long-chain saturated aldehydes such as nonanal (up to 3.86 %) and decanal (up to 3.80 %). In contrast, polyunsaturated LCFAs showed increased formation of aromatic hydrocarbons (up to 31.11 % in linolenic acid) and conjugated dienals such as (E,E)-2,4-heptadienal (10.55 %) and (Z,Z)-2,4-heptadienal (4.26 %). Aldehyde yields were highest for oleic acid (41.96 % total aldehydes), followed by stearic acid (29.85 %). These findings demonstrate that LCFA unsaturation strongly enhances the formation of aroma-active alkenals and alkadienals while saturated LCFAs favor linear aldehydes and olefins. This work provides mechanistic insights into LCFA pyrolysis and highlights fast pyrolysis as a promising approach for producing high-value volatile aroma compounds.

长链脂肪酸（LCFAs）的快速热解产生多种挥发性化合物，具有潜在的香料和香料应用价值。在本研究中，五种LCFAs如棕榈酸（C16:0）、硬脂酸（C18:0）、油酸（C18:1）、亚油酸（C18:2）和亚麻酸（C18:3）在9% O2下，在300°C至900°C的温度程序下进行了氧化快速热解。气相热解产物采用定制的过滤-冷阱系统分离，并采用气相色谱-质谱分析。定量结果揭示了清晰的结构-反应性关系：饱和LCFAs主要产生烯烃/炔（在棕榈酸和硬脂酸中高达44%）和长链饱和醛，如壬醛（高达3.86%）和癸醛（高达3.80%）。相比之下，多不饱和LCFAs的芳香烃（高达亚麻酸的31.11%）和共轭二烯醛（如（E，E）-2,4-庚二烯醛（10.55%）和（Z，Z）-2,4-庚二烯醛（4.26%））的生成增加。油酸产醛率最高（41.96%），硬脂酸次之（29.85%）。这些结果表明，LCFA不饱和强烈促进芳香活性烯烃和alkadinal的形成，而饱和的LCFA有利于线性醛和烯烃的形成。这项工作为LCFA热解提供了机理见解，并突出了快速热解作为生产高价值挥发性芳香化合物的有前途的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Thermochemical treatment of rice straw via torrefaction: A physicochemical characteristics of biomass and biocoal pellets with different natural binders 稻秆焙烧热化学处理：不同天然粘结剂的生物质和生物煤颗粒的理化特性

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108898

Darshit S. Upadhyay , Amita Chaudhary , Tadvi Parthkumar , Priyanka Kaushal

This work presents an experimental investigation on the production, characterization, and performance evaluation of rice straw biomass and torrefied rice straw (biocoal) pellets using different binders: water, cow dung, and biogas slurry. The biocoal pellets were produced using a laboratory-scale torrefaction reactor and pellet machine. Characterization using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed that biocoal pellets had higher thermal stability with reduced volatile matter compared to raw rice straw, due to enhanced fixed carbon content (up to 32 % in biocoal versus 15 % in raw straw). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy confirmed retention of key functional groups after torrefaction. Scanning electron microscopy revealed a denser surface morphology for pellets with cow dung and biogas slurry binders. Mechanical testing revealed that biomass pellets had higher compressive strength (6–7 MPa axial & 12–14 MPa compressive) than biocoal pellets (4–5 MPa axial & 9–11 MPa compressive). Meanwhile, binders improved durability and impact resistance, with cow dung outperforming the others. The burning rate for biocoal pellets was lower (82–91 g h⁻¹) and ignition time higher (16–20 s) than biomass pellets, indicating a more controlled combustion process. The Fuel Value Index (FVI) was highest for biocoal pellets with a cow dung binder (154), confirming superior fuel quality. A qualitative techno-economic assessment highlighted key cost components, suggesting feasibility for scaling up production. Overall, torrefied rice straw biocoal pellets with a cow dung binder demonstrated promising thermal, mechanical, combustion, and economic properties, making them an efficient and sustainable biofuel option.

本研究对稻秆生物质和碳化稻秆（生物煤）颗粒的生产、表征和性能评价进行了实验研究，使用不同的粘合剂：水、牛粪和沼气浆。采用实验室规模的焙烧反应器和制粒机生产生物煤颗粒。利用热重分析（TGA）进行表征表明，与原料稻草相比，生物煤颗粒具有更高的热稳定性，挥发性物质减少，这是由于生物煤的固定碳含量增加（高达32%，而原料稻草为15%）。傅里叶变换红外光谱证实了烘焙后关键官能团的保留。扫描电子显微镜显示，与牛粪和沼气泥浆粘合剂颗粒的致密表面形态。力学试验结果表明，生物质颗粒的抗压强度（轴向抗压6 ~ 7 MPa，抗压12 ~ 14 MPa）高于生物煤颗粒（轴向抗压4 ~ 5 MPa，抗压9 ~ 11 MPa）。与此同时，粘合剂提高了耐久性和抗冲击性，牛粪的性能优于其他粘合剂。与生物质颗粒相比，生物煤颗粒的燃烧速率较低（82 ~ 91 gh−1），着火时间较长（16 ~ 20 s），表明燃烧过程更加可控。燃料价值指数（FVI）最高的生物煤颗粒与牛粪粘合剂（154），证实了优越的燃料质量。一项定性的技术经济评估强调了关键的成本组成部分，提出了扩大生产的可行性。总的来说，牛粪粘结剂碳化稻秆生物煤颗粒表现出良好的热、机械、燃烧和经济性能，使其成为一种高效和可持续的生物燃料选择。

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引用次数: 0

Attributional and consequential life cycle assessment of hydrogen energy production from biomass 生物质制氢的归因和相应的生命周期评估

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108889

Jeewan Kumar Bastola, Moonmoon Hiloidhari

Hydrogen energy production from biomass (biohydrogen, BioH₂) typically yields co-products and the choice of how to utilize these co-products – whether as energy, material, or waste–have profound implications for the environmental profile of BioH₂. In this study, BioH₂ production from crop residue biomass in Bhutan is assessed under 5 attributional life cycle assessment (ALCA) and 10 consequential LCA (CLCA) scenarios. The functional unit is the production 1 kg of BioH₂ through dark fermentation, and the system boundary is cradle to gate with ReCiPe 2016 midpoint as the impact assessment method. The CLCA shows that when the co-product produces biomass electricity to substitute grid electricity mix (almost 50-50 % renewable and non-renewable energy composition), instead of producing organic manure to avoid chemical fertilizer, maximum environmental benefit in the impact categories of climate change, terrestrial acidification and freshwater eutrophication could be achieved. It is also observed that BioH₂ can be competitive to solar or wind-powered electrolysis hydrogen in terms of GHGs emissions profile. Conducting a comprehensive LCA of BioH₂ considering all the supply chain elements, and based on local site specific inventory data and different attributional and consequential scenarios is suggested.

生物质（biohydrogen, BioH2）的氢能生产通常会产生副产品，而如何利用这些副产品的选择——无论是作为能源、材料还是废物——对BioH2的环境概况有着深远的影响。本研究在5种归因生命周期评估（ALCA）和10种相应的LCA （CLCA）情景下评估了不丹作物秸秆生物质的BioH2产量。功能单元为暗发酵生产1 kg BioH2，系统边界为摇篮到闸门，以ReCiPe 2016中点为影响评价方法。CLCA表明，当副产物生产生物质电力替代电网电力结构（可再生能源和不可再生能源的比例几乎为50- 50%），而不是生产有机肥以避免使用化肥时，在气候变化、陆地酸化和淡水富营养化影响类别中，环境效益可达到最大。在温室气体排放方面，BioH2可以与太阳能或风能电解氢竞争。建议在考虑所有供应链要素的基础上，基于当地特定的库存数据和不同的归因和后果情景，对BioH2进行全面的LCA。

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引用次数: 0

Porous activated carbon from nitrogen rich pulses: Harnessing naturally occurring nitrogen for enhanced CO2 capture 多孔活性炭从富氮脉冲：利用天然存在的氮增强二氧化碳捕获

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108874

Ansari Palliyarayil, Karthika Vinayakumar, Nallaperumal Shunmuga Kumar, Sanchita Sil

The modification of porous solid adsorbent with nitrogen-containing functionalities enhances its efficiency towards the capture of CO_2. A facile one-pot synthesis of nitrogen-rich porous bio-carbon has been carried out by the direct pyrolysis of biomass precursors. Legumes-based pulses are a rich source of proteins containing 4–6 % of nitrogen and have been used as a precursor for the preparation of bio-carbons. Using ZnCl₂ as the activating agent, the pyrolysis of legumes, i.e., mung bean (Vigna radiata) and black urad bean (Vigna mungo) have been done at different temperatures from 450 °C to 750 °C. For comparison, black grape (Vitis vinifera) seed that contain low N% has also been studied for the synthesis of bio-carbons. The synthesized bio-carbon has been characterized with respect to elemental composition, BET, SEM-EDS, XRD, FTIR, TGA, XPS, Raman analysis, and CO₂ capture studies. It was observed that the activation of biomass with ZnCl₂ essentially maintains the natural shape of the starting material with increased surface area, pore volume, and nitrogen content i.e., ∼937 m²/g, ∼0.4212 mL/g, and ∼6.2 % respectively. Furthermore, the CO₂ adsorption studies carried out at 25 °C reveals the potential of the prepared bio-carbons towards the removal of CO₂ giving the highest value of 3.29 mmol/g and 7.98 mmol/g respectively at 1 and 10 bar pressure. The studies conducted lead to the conclusion that the CO₂ capture capacity of the derived bio-carbon is due to the combined effect of both the surface area as well as the nitrogen moieties present on the surface of bio-carbons.

采用含氮官能团对多孔固体吸附剂进行改性，提高了其捕集CO2的效率。采用生物质前体直接热解的方法，实现了一锅合成富氮多孔生物炭的简便方法。豆类是含有4 - 6%氮的蛋白质的丰富来源，已被用作制备生物碳的前体。以ZnCl2为活化剂，对豆科植物绿豆（Vigna radiata）和黑豆（Vigna mungo）在450℃~ 750℃的不同温度下进行了热解。为了比较，还研究了含低氮的黑葡萄（Vitis vinifera）种子用于合成生物碳。通过元素组成、BET、SEM-EDS、XRD、FTIR、TGA、XPS、拉曼分析和CO2捕获研究对合成的生物碳进行了表征。结果表明，ZnCl2活化后的生物质基本保持了初始材料的自然形状，增加了表面积、孔隙体积和氮含量，分别增加了~ 937 m2/g、~ 0.4212 mL/g和~ 6.2%。此外，在25°C下进行的CO2吸附研究表明，制备的生物碳在1和10 bar压力下的CO2去除率最高，分别为3.29 mmol/g和7.98 mmol/g。所进行的研究得出的结论是，衍生生物碳的CO2捕获能力是由于生物碳表面的表面积和氮部分的综合作用。

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引用次数: 0

Efficient production of itaconic acid from lignocellulosic hydrolysates by the mycelia immobilized Aspergillus terreus mutant 由木质纤维素水解物高效生产衣康酸的菌丝固定化土曲霉突变体

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108823

Huan Liu , Jingying Zhang , Yuchen Ning , Li Deng , Fang Wang

Itaconic acid as one of the twelve platform compounds has a wide range of applications in many industrial fields. Microbial fermentation for itaconic acid production overcomes the flaws of chemical synthesis, attracting significant attention in recent decades. However, the heavy reliance on starch-based raw materials in microbial fermentation exacerbates the competition for water and land resources. Herein, we explored the availability of the lignocellulosic biomass for itaconic acid production. Firstly, we demonstrated that the mycelium immobilized fermentation was beneficial to the production of itaconic acid by Aspergillus terreus. Secondly, an excellent mutant A. terreus CICC 40205-2-67 was screened through the combination of laboratory adaptive evolution and UV-LiCl mutagenesis strategies. The production of itaconic acid was improved to 30.96 g/L with a yield of 0.39 g/g xylose, which was 1.93 times and 1.77 times higher than that of the original strain. Meanwhile, the mutant also exhibited a preferable itaconic acid production capability in the co-utilization of glucose and xylose. Finally, lignocellulosic hydrolysates were prepared from the lignocellulosic biomass waste-dried distiller's grains. 34.98 g/L and 27.56 g/L itaconic acid were achieved using the mixture of the hydrolysates-pure sugar, and the concentrated hydrolysates as the substrates, respectively. It was demonstrated that the mutant A. terreus CICC 40205-2-67 possessed an excellent capacity for itaconic acid production, while the hydrolysates derived from waste-dried distiller's grains showed great potential to substitute starch-based fermentation sugars, which laid a foundation for the industrial-scale production of itaconic acid using low-cost waste lignocellulosic biomass.

衣康酸作为12种平台化合物之一，在许多工业领域有着广泛的应用。微生物发酵生产衣康酸克服了化学合成的缺陷，在近几十年来引起了人们的广泛关注。然而，微生物发酵对淀粉基原料的严重依赖加剧了对水和土地资源的竞争。在此，我们探索了木质纤维素生物质在衣康酸生产中的可用性。首先证明了菌丝体固定化发酵有利于地曲霉生产衣康酸。其次，通过实验室适应进化和UV-LiCl诱变策略相结合的方法，筛选到一株优秀的突变体A. terreus CICC 40205-2-67。衣康酸产量提高到30.96 g/L，木糖产量为0.39 g/g，分别是原菌株的1.93倍和1.77倍。同时，该突变体在葡萄糖和木糖的共同利用中也表现出较好的衣康酸生产能力。最后，以木质纤维素生物质废料-干酒糟为原料制备木质纤维素水解物。以水解液-纯糖混合物和浓缩水解液为底物，衣康酸的产率分别为34.98 g/L和27.56 g/L。结果表明，突变体a . terreus CICC 40205-2-67具有良好的衣康酸生产能力，而从废干酒糟中提取的水解液具有替代淀粉发酵糖的巨大潜力，为利用低成本的废木质纤维素生物质工业化生产衣康酸奠定了基础。

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引用次数: 0

Parametric and kinetic studies of biodiesel synthesis using calcium diglyceroxide and Jarosite derived catalyst 二甘油三钙和黄钾铁矾衍生催化剂合成生物柴油的参数和动力学研究

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108869

Vishnulal K.S., Venkatasailanathan Ramadesigan, Srinivas Seethamraju

Biodiesel is synthesized from oil containing 2 wt % to 20 wt % free fatty acid (FFA) using a solid mixture of base and acid catalysts (CaD + 5 % J450) derived from inexpensive resources. A mixture of refined oil (RO) and oleic acid (OA) is used to simulate waste cooking oil (WCO). The parametric study of biodiesel synthesis from RO + 5 wt % OA using CaD +5 % J450 indicates that a methyl ester yield of 99.21 % is obtained at 65 °C, and 6:1 methanol to oil molar ratio when the catalyst loading, reaction time, and mixing rate are fixed at 3 wt %, 1 h, and 300 rpm, respectively. The presence of J450 catalyst alongside CaD at 0.7:1 Ca:FFA molar ratio significantly boosts the methyl ester yield from 73 % to 99.21 %. A pseudo-first-order kinetic model study of RO transesterification and OA esterification, occurring simultaneously in a single pot, resulted in activation energies of 60.79 ± 7.58 kJ mol⁻¹ and 27.93 ± 5.01 kJ mol⁻¹, respectively. The higher reaction rate constants for transesterification (4.045 ± 0.66 h⁻¹) and esterification (1.057 ± 0.12 h⁻¹) in simultaneous biodiesel synthesis from RO + 5 wt % OA, compared with individual transesterification and esterification (1.802 ± 0.23 h⁻¹ and 0.412 ± 0.05 h⁻¹), confirm that the reactions proceed more rapidly in the single pot system. This demonstrates the synergistic effect of the CaD and J450 catalysts. Biodiesel synthesis from actual WCO using CaD +5 % J450 gave a 95 % methyl ester yield.

生物柴油是由含有2 wt %至20 wt %游离脂肪酸（FFA）的油合成的，使用来自廉价资源的碱和酸催化剂（CaD + 5% J450）的固体混合物。使用成品油（RO）和油酸（OA）的混合物来模拟废食用油（WCO）。采用CaD + 5% J450对RO +5 wt % OA合成生物柴油进行了参数化研究，结果表明，当催化剂负载为3 wt %，反应时间为1 h，混合速度为300 rpm时，在65℃条件下，甲醇油摩尔比为6:1，甲酯收率为99.21%。J450催化剂与Ca∶FFA摩尔比为0.7∶1的CaD的存在将甲酯收率从73%提高到99.21%。通过对RO酯交换反应和OA酯交换反应的准一级动力学模型研究，得到的活化能分别为60.79±7.58 kJ mol−1和27.93±5.01 kJ mol−1。RO + 5 wt % OA同时合成生物柴油的酯交换反应速率常数（4.045±0.66 h−1）和酯化反应速率常数（1.057±0.12 h−1）高于单独的酯交换和酯化反应速率常数（1.802±0.23 h−1和0.412±0.05 h−1），证实了在单釜体系中反应进行得更快。这证明了CaD和J450催化剂的协同作用。以实际WCO为原料，用CaD + 5% J450合成生物柴油，甲酯收率为95%。

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引用次数: 0

Sustainable synthesis of porous carbon materials from tannic acid via in-situ K2CO3 activation for high-performance supercapacitors 单宁酸原位K2CO3活化法制备高性能超级电容器用多孔碳材料

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108892

Kyu-Hyun Kang , Hyung-Jin Kim , Byoung-Min Lee , Su-Jin Kang , Je-Moon Yun , Jae-Hak Choi

Porous carbon materials (PCMs) with hierarchical pore structures have attracted significant attention for energy storage applications. In this study, PCMs were synthesized using tannic acid (TA) and potassium carbonate (KC) via an environmentally friendly approach combining ice-templating and in-situ activation. The ice-templating induced macropores, while KC-induced activation during carbonization generated abundant micro- and mesopores, resulting in a balanced hierarchical pore network. The specific surface area and total pore volume significantly increased with higher KC content, reaching 1778.6 m² g⁻¹ and 1.15 cm³ g⁻¹ for C-TAKC-10. Electrochemical evaluation demonstrated that the optimized sample (C-TAKC-10) exhibited outstanding supercapacitive performance, achieving a high specific capacitance of 314.1 F g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ in a three-electrode configuration and excellent rate capability, retaining 27.3 % of capacitance even at 50 A g⁻¹. In a symmetric two-electrode device, the C-TAKC-10 electrode delivered a power density of 10.0 kW kg⁻¹, along with remarkable cycling stability (∼100 % retention after 10000 cycles). This study presents a scalable, low-cost, and sustainable strategy for the fabrication of high-performance carbon electrodes from renewable polyphenolic precursors, demonstrating strong potential for next-generation supercapacitor applications.

具有分层孔结构的多孔碳材料（PCMs）在储能方面的应用备受关注。本研究以单宁酸（TA）和碳酸钾（KC）为原料，采用冰模板和原位活化相结合的环保方法合成了PCMs。冰模板形成了大孔，碳化过程中kc诱导的活化形成了丰富的微孔和中孔，形成了平衡的分层孔隙网络。随着KC含量的增加，C-TAKC-10的比表面积和总孔容显著增加，分别达到1778.6 m2 g−1和1.15 cm3 g−1。电化学评价表明，优化后的样品（C-TAKC-10）表现出优异的超级电容性能，在三电极结构下，在1 a g−1时具有314.1 F g−1的高比电容，并且具有优异的倍率能力，即使在50 a g−1时也能保持27.3%的电容。在对称双电极装置中，C-TAKC-10电极提供了10.0 kW kg -1的功率密度，以及显著的循环稳定性（10000次循环后保持100%）。本研究提出了一种可再生多酚前体制造高性能碳电极的可扩展、低成本和可持续的策略，展示了下一代超级电容器应用的强大潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Life cycle assessment of furfural production from sugarcane bagasse within a circular biorefinery framework 循环生物炼制框架下甘蔗渣生产糠醛的生命周期评估

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2025-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108878

Lucas Maximiliano Machin Ferrero , María Emilse Aráoz , Norma Lis Robles

Biorefineries are emerging as key strategies to promote sustainable development by transforming agro-industrial residues into value-added chemicals, energy, and materials. Among these, furfural stands out as a platform molecule derived from lignocellulosic biomass, with applications across the chemical, pharmaceutical, and fuel industries. However, the environmental performance of furfural production from sugarcane bagasse, a widely available residue in tropical regions, remains underexplored. This study addresses this gap by evaluating the environmental profile of an industrial-scale furfural plant integrated into an existing sugar mill in Argentina, utilizing primary experimental kinetic data obtained from local sugarcane bagasse. A conceptual process was developed and simulated based on kinetic data obtained experimentally using locally sourced bagasse, enabling the calculation of detailed mass and energy balances through process simulation. The production process comprises three stages: mechanical pretreatment, two-step acid hydrolysis, and furfural recovery via solvent extraction and distillation. Environmental impacts were assessed using life cycle assessment through a midpoint impact approach. Results show that sulfuric acid used in hydrolysis is the main contributor to human toxicity and ecotoxicity impacts, while the use of toluene is a significant contributor to resource depletion and global warming potential. The findings indicate that reducing acid consumption, improving solvent recovery, and enhancing heat integration are key levers for environmental improvement. This study demonstrates the feasibility of integrating furfural production into existing agro-industrial systems, highlighting its potential within biorefinery strategies to maximize the value of agro-industrial residues.

生物精炼厂正在成为促进可持续发展的关键战略，将农业工业残留物转化为增值化学品、能源和材料。其中，糠醛作为一种从木质纤维素生物质中提取的平台分子脱颖而出，在化学、制药和燃料工业中有着广泛的应用。然而，从热带地区广泛使用的蔗渣生产糠醛的环境性能仍未得到充分探索。本研究利用从当地甘蔗渣中获得的初步实验动力学数据，通过评估与阿根廷现有糖厂整合的工业规模糠醛工厂的环境概况，解决了这一差距。基于使用本地甘蔗渣实验获得的动力学数据，开发和模拟了一个概念性过程，通过过程模拟可以计算详细的质量和能量平衡。生产过程包括三个阶段：机械预处理，两步酸水解，溶剂萃取和蒸馏回收糠醛。环境影响评估采用生命周期评估，通过中点影响方法。结果表明，水解过程中使用的硫酸是造成人类毒性和生态毒性影响的主要因素，而甲苯的使用是造成资源枯竭和全球变暖的重要因素。研究结果表明，减少酸消耗、提高溶剂回收率和增强热集成是改善环境的关键杠杆。本研究证明了将糠醛生产整合到现有农业工业系统中的可行性，突出了其在生物炼制战略中的潜力，以最大化农业工业残留物的价值。

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引用次数: 0