Pub Date : 2024-09-30DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107407
D. Kim, S.A. Hadigheh
The study conducts the adsorption kinetic analysis of biosolid-derived biochar produced from pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis. The adsorption kinetic analysis is performed at three different temperatures. The characteristics of the adsorption and diffusion mechanisms are evaluated by applying adsorption kinetic models and diffusion mechanism models. The pseudo-first-order model (PFO) and the pseudo-second-order model (PSO) reveal that the CO2 adsorption process of the biosolid can be categorised as physisorption with activation energy below 40 kJ/mol. The CO2 adsorption capacities of the biochar produced at 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C are 6.3, 7.9, and 6.4 mg/g at 45 °C, respectively. In contrast, the biochar produced from oxidative pyrolysis shows a CO2 adsorption capacity of 7.5 mg/g at 45 °C. Film and intraparticle diffusions are primary rate-limiting factors of the adsorption process. The biochar samples maintain 84–85 % of their adsorption capacities after five cyclic tests. The present study demonstrates the CO2 adsorption capacity of biosolid-derived biochar produced from different conditions of pyrolysis, providing an energy-efficient and sustainable solution to CO2 adsorption with solid adsorbents.
{"title":"Oxidative pyrolysis for enhanced-CO2 adsorption capacity in biosolid-derived biochar","authors":"D. Kim, S.A. Hadigheh","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107407","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107407","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The study conducts the adsorption kinetic analysis of biosolid-derived biochar produced from pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis. The adsorption kinetic analysis is performed at three different temperatures. The characteristics of the adsorption and diffusion mechanisms are evaluated by applying adsorption kinetic models and diffusion mechanism models. The pseudo-first-order model (PFO) and the pseudo-second-order model (PSO) reveal that the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption process of the biosolid can be categorised as physisorption with activation energy below 40 kJ/mol. The CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacities of the biochar produced at 700 °C, 800 °C, and 900 °C are 6.3, 7.9, and 6.4 mg/g at 45 °C, respectively. In contrast, the biochar produced from oxidative pyrolysis shows a CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of 7.5 mg/g at 45 °C. Film and intraparticle diffusions are primary rate-limiting factors of the adsorption process. The biochar samples maintain 84–85 % of their adsorption capacities after five cyclic tests. The present study demonstrates the CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption capacity of biosolid-derived biochar produced from different conditions of pyrolysis, providing an energy-efficient and sustainable solution to CO<sub>2</sub> adsorption with solid adsorbents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107407"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107410
R. Baldenhofer, A. Smet, J.-P. Lange, S.R.A. Kersten, M.P. Ruiz
A method for the water-free, large-scale synthesis of bio-jet fuel precursors, distinct from traditional fossil-based sources, is introduced. This approach involves the aldol condensation of furfural with cyclopentanone, producing C10-C15 fuel precursors eligible for further hydrodeoxygenation to high-performance diesel and jet fuel hydrocarbons. In the context of process integration, aldol condensation reactions were conducted under water-free conditions, utilizing excess furfural as the solvent. Evaluation of various commercial catalysts confirmed the feasibility of running in excess furfural. Both basic and acidic catalysts demonstrated significant activity, with CaO and amorphous silica-alumina achieving ≥80 mol% conversion of cyclopentanone and yielding ≥80 mol% selectivity towards the desired fuel components within 5 h of reaction. However, an overlooked aspect is the notable formation of undesired heavy side products. Observations indicated that the high furfural concentration, combined with the use of strong acidic catalysts, were the primary cause of heavy side product formation. The strong base catalyst, CaO, significantly reduced the formation of these oligomers, but did not appear to stop it completely. Interestingly, water content did not appear to play a major role in byproduct selectivity. To further suppress the formation of oligomers, the use of process-owned intermediates as solvents is proposed.
本文介绍了一种有别于传统化石燃料来源的无水大规模合成生物喷气燃料前体的方法。该方法涉及糠醛与环戊酮的醛醇缩合反应，生成的 C10-C15 燃料前体可进一步加氢脱氧生成高性能柴油和喷气燃料碳氢化合物。在工艺集成方面，醛醇缩合反应是在无水条件下进行的，利用过量糠醛作为溶剂。对各种商用催化剂的评估证实了在过量糠醛中运行的可行性。碱性和酸性催化剂都表现出显著的活性，其中氧化钙和无定形二氧化硅-氧化铝在 5 小时的反应过程中，环戊酮的转化率≥80 摩尔%，对所需燃料成分的选择性≥80 摩尔%。然而，一个被忽视的方面是明显形成了不需要的重副产物。观察结果表明，高浓度糠醛和使用强酸性催化剂是形成重副产物的主要原因。强碱催化剂 CaO 能显著减少这些低聚物的形成，但似乎并不能完全阻止其形成。有趣的是，水含量在副产物选择性方面似乎并没有起到主要作用。为了进一步抑制低聚物的形成，建议使用工艺自带的中间体作为溶剂。
{"title":"Furanic jet fuels – Water-free aldol condensation of furfural and cyclopentanone","authors":"R. Baldenhofer, A. Smet, J.-P. Lange, S.R.A. Kersten, M.P. Ruiz","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107410","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107410","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A method for the water-free, large-scale synthesis of bio-jet fuel precursors, distinct from traditional fossil-based sources, is introduced. This approach involves the aldol condensation of furfural with cyclopentanone, producing C<sub>10</sub>-C<sub>15</sub> fuel precursors eligible for further hydrodeoxygenation to high-performance diesel and jet fuel hydrocarbons. In the context of process integration, aldol condensation reactions were conducted under water-free conditions, utilizing excess furfural as the solvent. Evaluation of various commercial catalysts confirmed the feasibility of running in excess furfural. Both basic and acidic catalysts demonstrated significant activity, with CaO and amorphous silica-alumina achieving ≥80 mol% conversion of cyclopentanone and yielding ≥80 mol% selectivity towards the desired fuel components within 5 h of reaction. However, an overlooked aspect is the notable formation of undesired heavy side products. Observations indicated that the high furfural concentration, combined with the use of strong acidic catalysts, were the primary cause of heavy side product formation. The strong base catalyst, CaO, significantly reduced the formation of these oligomers, but did not appear to stop it completely. Interestingly, water content did not appear to play a major role in byproduct selectivity. To further suppress the formation of oligomers, the use of process-owned intermediates as solvents is proposed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107410"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107408
Elias Nelly Bapfakurera , Charles Joseph Kilawe , Valens Uwizeyimana , Judith Uwihirwe , Guillaume Nyagatare , Jean Nduwamungu , Gert Nyberg
Firewood serves as an essential cooking energy source for households in Rwanda. However, the supply of firewood is hindered by various challenges, such as escalating scarcity, long distances traveled to collect firewood, and reliance on low-quality biomass during shortages. This study aimed to assess the challenges associated with firewood supply and analyze the fuel quality of tree species used as firewood in Rwanda, using systematic sampling with 504 and 368 farmers, respectively, in Bugesera and Musanze Districts. The results indicated that women and children are predominantly involved in firewood collection, with households traveling over 9 km for firewood collection and spending 5–8 h per collection session. Additionally, 42 % and 43 % of households in Bugesera and Musanze Districts gather firewood twice weekly. The most preferred species for firewood were Eucalypts spp, Senna spectabilis, Grevillea robusta, and Alunus acuminata due to their rapid drying, low smoke production, and efficient fuel qualities. The fuel quality analysis indicated that Eucalyptus spp., Grevillea robusta, Croton megalocarpus, Alnus acuminata, and Senna spectabilis exhibit a substantial promising bioenergy characteristic that points to their potential for sustainable energy production. The study advocates for strategically incorporating high fuel qualities, rapid growth, and regeneration of tree species into trees-based systems in the agricultural landscape to ensure a sustainable firewood supply while mitigating forest degradation.
{"title":"The challenges associated with firewood supply and analysis of fuel quality parameters of the tree species used as firewood in Rwanda","authors":"Elias Nelly Bapfakurera , Charles Joseph Kilawe , Valens Uwizeyimana , Judith Uwihirwe , Guillaume Nyagatare , Jean Nduwamungu , Gert Nyberg","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107408","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107408","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Firewood serves as an essential cooking energy source for households in Rwanda. However, the supply of firewood is hindered by various challenges, such as escalating scarcity, long distances traveled to collect firewood, and reliance on low-quality biomass during shortages. This study aimed to assess the challenges associated with firewood supply and analyze the fuel quality of tree species used as firewood in Rwanda, using systematic sampling with 504 and 368 farmers, respectively, in Bugesera and Musanze Districts. The results indicated that women and children are predominantly involved in firewood collection, with households traveling over 9 km for firewood collection and spending 5–8 h per collection session. Additionally, 42 % and 43 % of households in Bugesera and Musanze Districts gather firewood twice weekly. The most preferred species for firewood were <em>Eucalypts</em> spp<em>, Senna spectabilis, Grevillea robusta, and Alunus acuminata</em> due to their rapid drying, low smoke production, and efficient fuel qualities. The fuel quality analysis indicated that <em>Eucalyptus</em> spp., <em>Grevillea robusta, Croton megalocarpus, Alnus acuminata,</em> and <em>Senna spectabilis</em> exhibit a substantial promising bioenergy characteristic that points to their potential for sustainable energy production. The study advocates for strategically incorporating high fuel qualities, rapid growth, and regeneration of tree species into trees-based systems in the agricultural landscape to ensure a sustainable firewood supply while mitigating forest degradation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107408"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107400
Krista Laktuka , Anna Kubule , Ilze Vamza , Stelios Rozakis , Dagnija Blumberga
Climate change, the increasing global demand for food and feed and the loss of biodiversity, requires a shift towards a sustainable, innovative and knowledge-based bioeconomy. Simultaneously, the implementation of a strategic approach to the utilization of the sector and associated bioresources that aligns with the principles of sustainability represents a significant challenge. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a methodology for policy and decision makers to facilitate a knowledge-based bioeconomy policy planning framework. To map the development opportunities of the bioeconomy, a detailed analysis was conducted on the Latvian forest sector. This entailed an examination of the system's components within the sector, which involved the collection and analysis of statistical data, reports, and official information from forest sector stakeholders, with the objective of obtaining a comprehensive overview of Latvia's forest sector. Following the identification of the current enablers and constraints of the sector, a selection of niche products with high value-added for sector development was made. During group model building experts: (1) developed a SWOT matrix for the Latvian forest sector; (2) selected three wood-based high value-added products – textile from trees; particle board; natural thermal packaging; (3) elaborated SWOT/TOWS analysis to facilitate strategy development for the niche products. The developed methodology incorporates a synthesis of established scientific methods, including SWOT, TOWS, and AHP, with a bioeconomy system component analysis approach. The methodology therefore not only systematises the process of forest sector analysis, but also applies the findings to the development of sector development pathways aimed at shifting from low value-added to high value-added production. The innovation of the methodology lies not only in the combination of methods used, but also in the insights gained, which allow for a narrower product development perspective to be taken in order to understand the enablers and constraints of the sector and vice versa.
{"title":"Strategic pathways for a bioeconomy with high value-added products: Lessons learnt from the Latvian forest sector","authors":"Krista Laktuka , Anna Kubule , Ilze Vamza , Stelios Rozakis , Dagnija Blumberga","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change, the increasing global demand for food and feed and the loss of biodiversity, requires a shift towards a sustainable, innovative and knowledge-based bioeconomy. Simultaneously, the implementation of a strategic approach to the utilization of the sector and associated bioresources that aligns with the principles of sustainability represents a significant challenge. The aim of this study is therefore to develop a methodology for policy and decision makers to facilitate a knowledge-based bioeconomy policy planning framework. To map the development opportunities of the bioeconomy, a detailed analysis was conducted on the Latvian forest sector. This entailed an examination of the system's components within the sector, which involved the collection and analysis of statistical data, reports, and official information from forest sector stakeholders, with the objective of obtaining a comprehensive overview of Latvia's forest sector. Following the identification of the current enablers and constraints of the sector, a selection of niche products with high value-added for sector development was made. During group model building experts: (1) developed a SWOT matrix for the Latvian forest sector; (2) selected three wood-based high value-added products – textile from trees; particle board; natural thermal packaging; (3) elaborated SWOT/TOWS analysis to facilitate strategy development for the niche products. The developed methodology incorporates a synthesis of established scientific methods, including SWOT, TOWS, and AHP, with a bioeconomy system component analysis approach. The methodology therefore not only systematises the process of forest sector analysis, but also applies the findings to the development of sector development pathways aimed at shifting from low value-added to high value-added production. The innovation of the methodology lies not only in the combination of methods used, but also in the insights gained, which allow for a narrower product development perspective to be taken in order to understand the enablers and constraints of the sector and vice versa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107400"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107403
Prince Anthony Okoro, Katie Chong, Mirjam Röder
Nigeria intends to rank among the top 20 global economies by 2030 by focusing on industrialisation. However, limiting energy access may slow the rate of industrialisation. Bioenergy integration into Nigeria's energy mix can accelerate the industrialisation agenda due to the co-benefits it offers. We used a disaggregated approach to map agri-residue availability and identify knowledge gaps in agri-residue application to support modern and sustainable bioenergy integration into Nigeria's energy mix. Expert interviews with stakeholders from government departments, small- and large-scale industries, and feedstock producers were used to validate the biomass mapping. The output of the biomass mapping shows that residues from yam, sorghum, wheat, palm, cassava, rice, sugarcane, etc, have knowledge gaps in agri-residue application and they could support the industrialisation agenda of Nigeria. The output of the stakeholder engagement shows that fossil fuels are the main energy source for productive uses in Nigeria. Current waste management practices involve onsite burning and disposal on land. Bioenergy technologies currently deployed in Nigeria are predominantly anaerobic digestion and combustion. Stakeholders have a strong preference for electricity to be the predominant energy vector. However, awareness of modern bioenergy applications and technologies was limited even though Nigeria's Energy Masterplan supports the efficient use of biomass to generate clean heat, electricity and biofuel for industrial, transport and household applications. Based on these findings, we have developed a suite of novel bioenergy case studies to support biomass integration into Nigeria's energy system.
{"title":"Enabling modern bioenergy deployment in Nigeria to support industry and local communities","authors":"Prince Anthony Okoro, Katie Chong, Mirjam Röder","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107403","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107403","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Nigeria intends to rank among the top 20 global economies by 2030 by focusing on industrialisation. However, limiting energy access may slow the rate of industrialisation. Bioenergy integration into Nigeria's energy mix can accelerate the industrialisation agenda due to the co-benefits it offers. We used a disaggregated approach to map agri-residue availability and identify knowledge gaps in agri-residue application to support modern and sustainable bioenergy integration into Nigeria's energy mix. Expert interviews with stakeholders from government departments, small- and large-scale industries, and feedstock producers were used to validate the biomass mapping. The output of the biomass mapping shows that residues from yam, sorghum, wheat, palm, cassava, rice, sugarcane, etc, have knowledge gaps in agri-residue application and they could support the industrialisation agenda of Nigeria. The output of the stakeholder engagement shows that fossil fuels are the main energy source for productive uses in Nigeria. Current waste management practices involve onsite burning and disposal on land. Bioenergy technologies currently deployed in Nigeria are predominantly anaerobic digestion and combustion. Stakeholders have a strong preference for electricity to be the predominant energy vector. However, awareness of modern bioenergy applications and technologies was limited even though Nigeria's Energy Masterplan supports the efficient use of biomass to generate clean heat, electricity and biofuel for industrial, transport and household applications. Based on these findings, we have developed a suite of novel bioenergy case studies to support biomass integration into Nigeria's energy system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107403"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142329844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107399
Lukhanyo Rode, Catharine Elizabeth Bosman, Jeanne Louw, Abdul Petersen, Nosaibeh Nosrati Ghods, Johann Ferdinand Görgens
Four alternative, sugar-derived chemical intermediates were compared for the production of propylene and acrylonitrile in energy self-sufficient biorefineries, annexed to an existing sugarcane mill, to assess economic feasibility and environmental sustainability. Aspen Plus® process simulations considered ethanol and isopropanol produced from A-molasses as intermediates for propylene production, while propylene and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) from A-molasses were compared for acrylonitrile production. The minimum selling prices (MSPs) for propylene-from-ethanol (3634 $/t), propylene-from-isopropanol (8151 $/t), acrylonitrile-from-propylene (4698 $/t), and acrylonitrile-from-3-HP (5957 $/t) were 280 %, 752 %, 302 % and 409 % above the market prices of fossil-based equivalents. Nonetheless, the propylene biorefineries achieved up to 97 % reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, whilst acrylonitrile biorefineries had up to 43 % reduction compared to fossil-based production processes. Based on process yields, energy demand and GHG emissions, ethanol was identified as the preferred intermediate route for all four biorefinery scenarios, while substantial price-premiums will be required for industrial production.
{"title":"Biobased propylene and acrylonitrile production in a sugarcane biorefinery: Identification of preferred production routes via techno-economic and environmental assessments","authors":"Lukhanyo Rode, Catharine Elizabeth Bosman, Jeanne Louw, Abdul Petersen, Nosaibeh Nosrati Ghods, Johann Ferdinand Görgens","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107399","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107399","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Four alternative, sugar-derived chemical intermediates were compared for the production of propylene and acrylonitrile in energy self-sufficient biorefineries, annexed to an existing sugarcane mill, to assess economic feasibility and environmental sustainability. Aspen Plus® process simulations considered ethanol and isopropanol produced from A-molasses as intermediates for propylene production, while propylene and 3-hydroxypropionic acid (3-HP) from A-molasses were compared for acrylonitrile production. The minimum selling prices (MSPs) for propylene-from-ethanol (3634 $/t), propylene-from-isopropanol (8151 $/t), acrylonitrile-from-propylene (4698 $/t), and acrylonitrile-from-3-HP (5957 $/t) were 280 %, 752 %, 302 % and 409 % above the market prices of fossil-based equivalents. Nonetheless, the propylene biorefineries achieved up to 97 % reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, whilst acrylonitrile biorefineries had up to 43 % reduction compared to fossil-based production processes. Based on process yields, energy demand and GHG emissions, ethanol was identified as the preferred intermediate route for all four biorefinery scenarios, while substantial price-premiums will be required for industrial production.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107399"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107398
S. Rivas , V. Rigual , A.M. Raspolli Galletti , J.C. Parajó
Arundo donax, one of the most invasive plants in the world, but also a promising source of lignocellulose materials was employed as a feedstock for a biorefinery process. Water-extracted Arundo donax samples were subjected to one-step biphasic fractionation in catalyzed media containing water and 1-butanol, an environmentally-friendly solvent. The effects of selected operational variables (catalyst concentration, temperature and reaction time) on the measured effects (solid recovery yield and compositions of the solid, aqueous and organic phases resulting from treatments) were assessed using statistical methods. The results allowed a quantitative discussion on aspects regarding the selectivity of component separation (lignin, glucan, and hemicelluloses), the overall recovery of valuable products, and the selection of operational conditions enabling extensive delignification (around to 90 %) and high recovery rates of glucan and hemicellulose-derived sugars (above 80 % and 75 %, respectively). This study provides new insights into biphasic fractionation, highlighting the selective separation of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin into a single and sustainable process, thereby by enhancing biomass resource while reducing environmental impact.
{"title":"Integral fractionation of Arundo donax using biphasic mixtures of solvents derived from biomass: An environmentally friendly approach","authors":"S. Rivas , V. Rigual , A.M. Raspolli Galletti , J.C. Parajó","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107398","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107398","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Arundo donax</em>, one of the most invasive plants in the world, but also a promising source of lignocellulose materials was employed as a feedstock for a biorefinery process. Water-extracted <em>Arundo donax</em> samples were subjected to one-step biphasic fractionation in catalyzed media containing water and 1-butanol, an environmentally-friendly solvent. The effects of selected operational variables (catalyst concentration, temperature and reaction time) on the measured effects (solid recovery yield and compositions of the solid, aqueous and organic phases resulting from treatments) were assessed using statistical methods. The results allowed a quantitative discussion on aspects regarding the selectivity of component separation (lignin, glucan, and hemicelluloses), the overall recovery of valuable products, and the selection of operational conditions enabling extensive delignification (around to 90 %) and high recovery rates of glucan and hemicellulose-derived sugars (above 80 % and 75 %, respectively). This study provides new insights into biphasic fractionation, highlighting the selective separation of hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin into a single and sustainable process, thereby by enhancing biomass resource while reducing environmental impact.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107398"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107402
Haodong Lin , Mairi J. Black , Olivia Lin , Thomas Minter , Aiduan Borrion
Policies, implemented and being considered in the UK, promote the use of biogas from anaerobic digestion (AD); however, small-medium scale AD plants, the majority of the UK's AD plants, have little access to energy distribution networks. The opportunity for using biomethane (upgraded biogas) for transportation, is rewarded in the Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation (RTFO), offering the AD plants the lowest cost route to achieving the targets set out in the Biomass Strategy for biomethane. In this study, Life Cycle Assessment is used to demonstrate the environmental benefits of using biomethane for transportation (considering global warming potential and fossil fuel scarcity impacts), compared to a biogas-to-electricity scenario, where the gas grid is not accessible. The results show that biomethane scenarios have significant environmental advantages in selected impact categories, evidencing that biomethane for transportation can decarbonise AD industries and contribute to the Net Zero target in the UK. Biomethane scenarios show greater potential for capturing biogenic CO2. However, biogas upgrading technologies, evolving technically and economically, should be studied further through techno-economic assessments for the appropriate scale and application in AD operations. This study contributes to the UK AD industry and policy makers concerned with the decarbonisation of biogas-to-biomethane routes for the future.
{"title":"Biogas utilisation – Life cycle assessment of enabling technology for transport biomethane - UK case study, Bore Hill farm Biodigester","authors":"Haodong Lin , Mairi J. Black , Olivia Lin , Thomas Minter , Aiduan Borrion","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Policies, implemented and being considered in the UK, promote the use of biogas from anaerobic digestion (AD); however, small-medium scale AD plants, the majority of the UK's AD plants, have little access to energy distribution networks. The opportunity for using biomethane (upgraded biogas) for transportation, is rewarded in the Renewable Transport Fuels Obligation (RTFO), offering the AD plants the lowest cost route to achieving the targets set out in the Biomass Strategy for biomethane. In this study, Life Cycle Assessment is used to demonstrate the environmental benefits of using biomethane for transportation (considering global warming potential and fossil fuel scarcity impacts), compared to a biogas-to-electricity scenario, where the gas grid is not accessible. The results show that biomethane scenarios have significant environmental advantages in selected impact categories, evidencing that biomethane for transportation can decarbonise AD industries and contribute to the Net Zero target in the UK. Biomethane scenarios show greater potential for capturing biogenic CO<sub>2</sub>. However, biogas upgrading technologies, evolving technically and economically, should be studied further through techno-economic assessments for the appropriate scale and application in AD operations. This study contributes to the UK AD industry and policy makers concerned with the decarbonisation of biogas-to-biomethane routes for the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107402"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142327965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107396
Zonghui Liu, Jing Xu, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Bing Xue
Designing and synthesizing bio-based catalysts for the catalytic conversion of biomass to high-value chemicals is a green and promising route in the field of sustainable chemistry. Herein, VxOy/NC_P catalyst was synthesized by a simple impregnation-pyrolysis method using green and cheap bio-chitin or chitosan as the N-doped carbon (NC) precursor and was applied to the aerobic oxidation of ethyl lactate (EL) to ethyl pyruvate (EP). These catalysts were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM, XPS, and H2-TPR. When chitin was used as the NC precursor (VxOy/NC_chitin), the catalyst activity was significantly higher than that of chitosan as the NC precursor (VxOy/NC_chitosan). Correlation between catalytic performance and characterization results showed that the high surface area, abundant pyridinic-N, and low valence vanadium species (V3+ and V4+) played an important role in catalyst activity. A 97.3 % EL conversion with 97.8 % EP selectivity was obtained over VxOy/NC_chitin at 120 °C for 2 h, and no significant deactivation after five cycles. Moreover, this catalyst also showed a high activity in the selective oxidation of other alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes.
{"title":"Chitin-derived NC support vanadia as highly efficient catalyst for the oxidation of ethyl lactate to ethyl pyruvate","authors":"Zonghui Liu, Jing Xu, Zhe Wen, Bing Yan, Bing Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107396","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107396","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Designing and synthesizing bio-based catalysts for the catalytic conversion of biomass to high-value chemicals is a green and promising route in the field of sustainable chemistry. Herein, V<sub><em>x</em></sub>O<sub><em>y</em></sub>/NC_<em>P</em> catalyst was synthesized by a simple impregnation-pyrolysis method using green and cheap bio-chitin or chitosan as the N-doped carbon (NC) precursor and was applied to the aerobic oxidation of ethyl lactate (EL) to ethyl pyruvate (EP). These catalysts were characterized by XRD, N<sub>2</sub> adsorption-desorption, SEM, TEM, XPS, and H<sub>2</sub>-TPR. When chitin was used as the NC precursor (V<sub><em>x</em></sub>O<sub><em>y</em></sub>/NC_chitin), the catalyst activity was significantly higher than that of chitosan as the NC precursor (V<sub><em>x</em></sub>O<sub><em>y</em></sub>/NC_chitosan). Correlation between catalytic performance and characterization results showed that the high surface area, abundant pyridinic-N, and low valence vanadium species (V<sup>3+</sup> and V<sup>4+</sup>) played an important role in catalyst activity. A 97.3 % EL conversion with 97.8 % EP selectivity was obtained over V<sub><em>x</em></sub>O<sub><em>y</em></sub>/NC_chitin at 120 °C for 2 h, and no significant deactivation after five cycles. Moreover, this catalyst also showed a high activity in the selective oxidation of other alcohols to their corresponding aldehydes.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107396"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107401
Rania M. Hafez , Ahmed Tawfik , Gamal K. Hassan , Magdy Kandil Zahran , Ahmed A. Younes , Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska , Filip Gamoń , Mahmoud Nasr
While several studies have investigated the anaerobic digestion of paper-mill sludge (PMS), this technology suffers from nutrient insufficiency, inhibition by aromatic compounds, and low bio-CH4 yield. Hence, PMS was anaerobically co-digested with chicken manure (CM) and supplemented by hydroxyapatite@biochar (HAP@BC) nanocomposite for enhancing 2-chlorotoluene degradation and enriching the methanogenic archaea. Multiple continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) were operated at 12.6 h hydraulic retention time (HRT), using PMS (R1), CM (R2), PMS + CM (R3), PMS + CM+100 mg HAP/L (R4), and PMS + CM+100 mg HAP@BC/L (R5). The maximum bio-CH4 yield of 147.5 ± 9.1 mL/g COD and 2-chlorotoluene removal of 91.2 ± 6.8 % were obtained from R5, experiencing a sufficient C/N ratio of 14.7 and the highest activities of acidogenesis (42.0 %), acetogenesis (37.9 %), and methanogenesis (42.1 %). The abundances of Euryarchaeota, Bacteroidota, and Chloroflexi at the phylum level, and Pseudomonas, and Bacillus at the genus level could highly contribute to the dechlorination mechanism and acetate transformation into CH4. This biomass-to-bioenergy project (10 m3/d capacity) could benefit from pollution reduction, biogas recovery, and carbon credit, giving 5.6 yr payback-period, 3503 USD net present value, and 12.1 % internal rate of return. Because R5 exhibited an efficient techno-economic anaerobic biodegradation performance, future studies are required to optimize its HRT condition and HAP@BC dosage.
{"title":"Valorization of paper-mill sludge laden with 2-chlorotoluene using hydroxyapatite@biochar nanocomposite to enrich methanogenic community: A techno-economic approach","authors":"Rania M. Hafez , Ahmed Tawfik , Gamal K. Hassan , Magdy Kandil Zahran , Ahmed A. Younes , Aleksandra Ziembińska-Buczyńska , Filip Gamoń , Mahmoud Nasr","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107401","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2024.107401","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While several studies have investigated the anaerobic digestion of paper-mill sludge (PMS), this technology suffers from nutrient insufficiency, inhibition by aromatic compounds, and low bio-CH<sub>4</sub> yield. Hence, PMS was anaerobically co-digested with chicken manure (CM) and supplemented by hydroxyapatite@biochar (HAP@BC) nanocomposite for enhancing 2-chlorotoluene degradation and enriching the methanogenic archaea. Multiple continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTRs) were operated at 12.6 h hydraulic retention time (HRT), using PMS (R1), CM (R2), PMS + CM (R3), PMS + CM+100 mg HAP/L (R4), and PMS + CM+100 mg HAP@BC/L (R5). The maximum bio-CH<sub>4</sub> yield of 147.5 ± 9.1 mL/g COD and 2-chlorotoluene removal of 91.2 ± 6.8 % were obtained from R5, experiencing a sufficient C/N ratio of 14.7 and the highest activities of acidogenesis (42.0 %), acetogenesis (37.9 %), and methanogenesis (42.1 %). The abundances of <em>Euryarchaeota</em>, <em>Bacteroidota</em>, and <em>Chloroflexi</em> at the phylum level, and <em>Pseudomonas</em>, and <em>Bacillus</em> at the genus level could highly contribute to the dechlorination mechanism and acetate transformation into CH<sub>4</sub>. This biomass-to-bioenergy project (10 m<sup>3</sup>/d capacity) could benefit from pollution reduction, biogas recovery, and carbon credit, giving 5.6 yr payback-period, 3503 USD net present value, and 12.1 % internal rate of return. Because R5 exhibited an efficient techno-economic anaerobic biodegradation performance, future studies are required to optimize its HRT condition and HAP@BC dosage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"190 ","pages":"Article 107401"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142324044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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