Biomass & Bioenergy最新文献_第7页

Valorisation of poultry litter for biochar and evaluation of photocatalytic activity and antibacterial activity against multi-drug-resistant bacteria 禽畜垃圾生物炭的价值评价及对多重耐药细菌的光催化活性和抗菌活性评价

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109148

A.S. Aysha Rinsha , Valil Kunjukunju Vinod , Padikkamannil Abishad , T.R. Sreekumar , Sanis Juliet , Karthikeyan Asha , Deepak Bhiwa Rawool , Sukhadeo Baliram Barbuddhe , Jess Vergis

Rising levels of pollution caused by multi-drug-resistant (MDR) pathogens, industrial dyes, and toxic heavy metals underscore the urgent need for efficient, eco-friendly, and sustainable remediation strategies. In this context, the present study synthesized biochar from poultry litter and assessed its antioxidant, antibacterial, and antibiofilm activities against MDR pathogens of public health relevance. The photocatalytic degradation of industrial dyes-methylene blue (MB), crystal violet (CV), and rhodamine B (RhB) was also evaluated under sunlight, LED, and UV irradiation, along with the adsorption of heavy metals (Cr, Pb, and Fe). Biochar synthesis was confirmed through UV-Vis and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses, while thermogravimetric-differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and electron microscopy demonstrated its high thermal stability, distinct crystallinity, and predominantly mesoporous architecture. Elemental profiling revealed high carbon and oxygen content along with essential mineral constituents, reflecting strong carbonization and enhanced suitability for environmental applications. The biochar effectively inhibited biofilm formation in the tested MDR strains and showed dose-dependent free radical scavenging activity. Among the photocatalytic assays, sunlight provided superior dye degradation, with RhB degrading more slowly than MB and CV across all light sources. In heavy metal removal, the biochar exhibited higher adsorption capacity for Pb(II) and Cr(VI) compared to Fe. Overall, the findings demonstrate that poultry-litter-derived biochar is a promising multifunctional material with strong potential for environmental remediation and photocatalytic applications.

多药耐药（MDR）病原体、工业染料和有毒重金属造成的污染水平不断上升，迫切需要高效、生态友好和可持续的修复策略。在此背景下，本研究从家禽粪便中合成生物炭，并评估其抗氧化、抗菌和抗多药耐药病原体的抗生物膜活性。研究了光催化降解工业染料亚甲基蓝（MB）、结晶紫（CV）和罗丹明B （RhB）的效果，以及对重金属（Cr、Pb和Fe）的吸附效果。通过紫外可见光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱分析证实了生物炭的合成，而热重-差热分析、x射线衍射、布鲁诺尔-埃米特-泰勒和电子显微镜证实了生物炭的高热稳定性、独特的结晶度和主要的介孔结构。元素谱分析显示，其碳、氧含量高，基本矿物成分含量高，表明其炭化作用强，环境适应性强。生物炭能有效抑制耐多药菌株的生物膜形成，并显示出剂量依赖性的自由基清除活性。在光催化实验中，日光提供了优越的染料降解，在所有光源下，RhB的降解速度比MB和CV慢。在重金属去除方面，生物炭对Pb（II）和Cr（VI）的吸附能力优于Fe。总之，研究结果表明，家禽粪便生物炭是一种很有前途的多功能材料，具有很强的环境修复和光催化应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Anaerobic biorefinery of elephant dung, combining solid-state anaerobic digestion and hydrothermal carbonization: the effect of inoculum source, energy recovery, and carbon sequestration 固体厌氧消化与水热炭化相结合的大象粪便厌氧生物炼制：接种源、能量回收和固碳的影响

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109116

Sasithorn Saipa , Boonya Charnnok , Nuttiya Tantranont , Chayanon Sawatdeenarunat

This study determines the effects of inoculum type on methane production from elephant dung via solid-state anaerobic digestion (SSAD) and the subsequent conversion of SSAD digestate into hydrochar through hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). The inoculum source significantly influenced biogas yield, with the co-inoculum of anaerobically digested pig manure and SSAD digestate presenting the highest methane production (127.6 ± 0.4 N mL CH₄/g VS _added), methane content (50.00 ± 0.14%), and volatile solids removal (60.79 ± 0.45%). For hydrochar production, the digestate from Napier grass inoculation at 170 °C produced the highest hydrochar yield (75.0 ± 1.7%) and energy recovery (80.5 ± 2.2%). The produced hydrochar exhibited a higher heating value of 18.0 ± 0.2 MJ/kg dry weight and energy content of 7.3 ± 1.4 %, comparable to lignite. Integration of SSAD and HTC provided a total energy recovery of 10768 ± 209 MJ/ton dry weight. Moreover, applying SSAD and using the produced biofuels to replace fossil fuels could reduce carbon emissions by 1.8 tons CO₂-eq/ton dry weight and 1.2 tons CO₂-eq/ton dry weight, respectively. Carbon fixation in hydrochar could also reduce carbon emissions by 0.31 tons CO₂-eq/ton dry weight. The developed platform highlights the potential of an integrated SSAD and HTC biorefinery system for valorizing elephant dung into renewable energy and stable carbon materials, providing a sustainable pathway toward greenhouse gas mitigation and circular bioeconomy implementation.

本研究确定了接种类型对大象粪便固体厌氧消化（SSAD）产甲烷的影响，以及随后通过热液碳化（HTC）将SSAD消化物转化为碳氢化合物的影响。接种源对沼气产量影响显著，以厌氧消化猪粪和SSAD消化液共接种，甲烷产量最高（127.6±0.4 N mL CH4/g VS），甲烷含量最高（50.00±0.14%），挥发性固体去除率最高（60.79±0.45%）。在产氢方面，接种170°C的纳耳草消化液产氢率最高（75.0±1.7%），能量回收率最高（80.5±2.2%）。该产物的热值为18.0±0.2 MJ/kg干重，能量含量为7.3±1.4%，与褐煤相当。SSAD和HTC的综合能量回收率为10768±209 MJ/t干重。此外，应用SSAD和使用生产的生物燃料替代化石燃料可分别减少1.8吨co2当量/吨干重和1.2吨co2当量/吨干重的碳排放。碳氢化合物中的碳固定也可以减少0.31吨二氧化碳当量/吨干重的碳排放。开发的平台突出了集成的SSAD和HTC生物精炼系统的潜力，该系统可将大象粪便转化为可再生能源和稳定的碳材料，为温室气体减排和循环生物经济的实施提供了可持续的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Deep eutectic solvent-assisted hydrothermal carbonization of sewage sludge: Process optimization using response surface methodology and physicochemical characterization of the hydrochar 污水污泥深度共晶溶剂辅助水热碳化：响应面法工艺优化及烃类物化表征

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109157

Sadia Basri , Debaprasad Shee , Tarun K. Panda , Debraj Bhattacharyya

Integrating resource recovery with a waste management approach has been considered a promising strategy for advancing sustainability. Sewage sludge (SS), an unavoidable byproduct of wastewater treatment, has attracted research interest due to its significant potential for resource recovery. This study presents a sustainable strategy for valorising SS through a deep eutectic solvent (DES) catalyzed hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process to obtain carbon-rich material. Here, the residue sludge (RS) obtained after removing extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from SS is used as a precursor for the HTC process to produce RS-derived hydrochar (RSHC) as a potential biobased carbonaceous material. The DES was prepared with arginine and butyric acid as hydrogen-bond acceptor and hydrogen-bond donor, respectively. Additionally, the DES-assisted HTC process was optimized for improved carbon content in RSHC using response surface methodology, with variables including temperature (160-280 °C), time (45-150 min), and DES concentration (10-30 % v/v). The total carbon content of the RSHC significantly increased by 21.9 % at the optimum HTC condition of ∼ (206 °C, 91 min, and 21% v/v). The higher heating value of the RSHC also increased from 11.6 ± 0.35 to 13.13 ± 0.51 MJ/kg, indicating improved RSHC quality. The RSHC were characterized for structural, morphological, and thermal properties. The reaction mechanism, thermo-kinetics, and carbon and material balance were investigated to elucidate the physicochemical transformations of RS components during DES-assisted HTC. Overall, this study will provide a promising direction for the sustainable valorisation of RS into carbon-rich material for future applications, aligning with the circular economy concept.

将资源回收与废物管理办法结合起来被认为是促进可持续性的一项很有前途的战略。污水污泥是污水处理过程中不可避免的副产品，由于其具有巨大的资源化潜力而引起了人们的研究兴趣。本研究提出了一种通过深度共晶溶剂（DES）催化水热碳化（HTC）工艺对SS进行可持续增值的策略，以获得富碳材料。在这里，从SS中去除细胞外聚合物（EPS）后获得的残渣污泥（RS）被用作HTC工艺的前体，以生产RS衍生的烃类（RSHC），作为潜在的生物基碳质材料。以精氨酸和丁酸分别为氢键受体和氢键给体制备了DES。此外，利用响应面法对DES辅助HTC工艺进行优化，以提高RSHC中的碳含量，变量包括温度（160-280°C）、时间（45-150 min）和DES浓度（10- 30% v/v）。在温度为~（206℃，91 min, 21% v/v）的最佳HTC条件下，RSHC的总碳含量显著提高21.9%。RSHC的高热值也从11.6±0.35 MJ/kg增加到13.13±0.51 MJ/kg，表明RSHC质量有所改善。表征了RSHC的结构、形态和热性能。研究了反应机理、热动力学、碳平衡和物质平衡，以阐明des辅助HTC过程中RS组分的物化转化。总的来说，这项研究将为RS的可持续增值为未来应用的富碳材料提供一个有希望的方向，与循环经济概念保持一致。

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引用次数: 0

Optimization of straw power plants and storage centers: Based on hybrid multi-attribute decision-making 基于混合多属性决策的秸秆发电厂和储存中心优化

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109199

Zhanwu Wang , Bingyang Du , Huizhen Guo , Wanfeng Huang , Yanhong Wang , Guangyin Xu , Zhenfeng Wang , Heng Wang , Wanxi Peng

Straw power generation plays a crucial role in mitigating climate change. Nevertheless, issues like high operating costs limits its sustainable development. To tackle these problems, this research integrates multi attribute decision making methods with immune optimization algorithms to establish a comprehensive location model. Through a case study, the total supply cost of straw power generation supply chain is 26.80 million

CNY

, and the unit supply cost is 169.4

CNY / t

, which is reduced by 15.3% compared to the unit on-site supply cost 200

CNY / t

. The findings indicate that the exhibits a U-shaped trend as the number of storage centers increases. Sensitivity analysis reveals that secondary transportation costs have the most substantial impact on the total supply cost, while venue rental cost has the least influence. When these two factors increase by 30%, the corresponding changes in the total supply cost are 5.64% and 0.72%, respectively. Primary transportation costs, secondary transportation costs, and the depreciation cost of fixed assets are key factors influencing the distribution of storage centers. Moreover, during the process of determining indicator weights, it is found that the location of straw power generation plant is significantly influenced by the preferences of decision-makers. The results promote the sustainable development of the straw power generation industry.

秸秆发电在减缓气候变化方面发挥着至关重要的作用。然而，运营成本高等问题限制了其可持续发展。针对这些问题，本研究将多属性决策方法与免疫优化算法相结合，建立综合定位模型。通过案例分析，秸秆发电供应链的总供应成本为2680万元，单位供应成本为169.4元/t，比单位现场供应成本200元/t降低了15.3%。研究结果表明，随着存储中心数量的增加，其呈现u型趋势。敏感性分析表明，二次运输成本对总供应成本的影响最大，场地租赁成本的影响最小。当这两个因素增加30%时，相应的总供给成本变化分别为5.64%和0.72%。一次运输成本、二次运输成本和固定资产折旧成本是影响仓储中心布局的关键因素。此外，在确定指标权重的过程中，我们发现秸秆发电厂的选址受到决策者偏好的显著影响。研究结果促进了秸秆发电产业的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Novel simplified biorefinery for puerarin separation and ethanol production from Puerariae lobatae Radix based on the process integration method 基于工艺集成的新型葛根素分离及乙醇生产生物精制工艺

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109200

Yile Zhu , Zhanye Xv , Shengrong Zhang , Shengdong Zhu , Fang Jin

Puerariae lobatae Radix (PLR) contains large amounts of puerarin and carbohydrates. It is a promising resource for puerarin and ethanol production. In this work, a novel simplified biorefinery was established to co-produce puerarin, ethanol and other high value chemicals from PLR based on the process integration method. Firstly, the acid hydrolysis of PLR was investigated and optimized. The acid hydrolysis of PLR realized the pretreatment of the PLR residue and the simultaneous hydrolysis of isoflavone (puerarin) derivatives and starch in PLR. Moreover, the acid hydrolysis of PLR enhanced the dissolution of isoflavone (puerarin) from PLR. Then, the simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation of the PLR hydrolysate and PLR residue obtained from the acid hydrolysis were conducted to transform the carbohydrates in PLR into ethanol. Finally, the ethanol and puerarin were separated from fermentatin broth via fractional distillation, and the ethanol and puerarin were further purified. Under optimal conditions, 1 Kg PLR could produce 0.255 Kg anhydrous ethanol, 23.8 g puerarin with 92.9% purity, 11.6 g daidzein with 72.8% purity, 0.31 Kg calcium sulfate residue and 0.29 Kg fermentation residue. And 1 Kg PLR product value reached 5.75 USD at present price. This biorefinery streamlined its processes, fully utilized PLR components, and decreased waste generation. It could be a simple and efficient PLR deep processing technology.

葛根含有大量的葛根素和碳水化合物。它是一种很有前途的葛根素和乙醇生产资源。本研究建立了一种新型的简化生物精炼厂，以PLR为原料，采用工艺集成的方法，共同生产葛根素、乙醇和其他高价值化学品。首先，对PLR的酸水解进行了研究和优化。PLR的酸水解实现了PLR残基的预处理以及PLR中异黄酮（葛根素）衍生物和淀粉的同时水解。此外，酸水解还促进了异黄酮（葛根素）的溶出。然后，对PLR水解液和酸水解得到的PLR残渣进行同步糖化共发酵，将PLR中的碳水化合物转化为乙醇。最后，从发酵液中分馏分离乙醇和葛根素，并对乙醇和葛根素进行进一步纯化。在最佳条件下，1 Kg PLR可产无水乙醇0.255 Kg、葛根素23.8 g（纯度92.9%）、大豆苷元11.6 g（纯度72.8%）、硫酸钙渣0.31 Kg、发酵渣0.29 Kg。按现价计算，每公斤PLR产品价值达到5.75美元。该生物精炼厂简化了其流程，充分利用了PLR组件，并减少了废物产生。这可能是一种简单高效的PLR深加工技术。

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引用次数: 0

Characterization and evaluation of agro-industrial wastes for the production of bio-oils rich in phenolic compounds 生产富含酚类化合物生物油的农工废弃物的特性与评价

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109194

Meire Ane Pitta da Costa , Valter Dória Rocha Neto , Thiago Ferreira Leão Loeser , Anne Michelle Garrido Pedrosa , Silvânio Silvério Lopes da Costa , Lisiane Santos Freitas

Research into alternative and sustainable sources of chemicals and fuels has been growing in recent decades, driven by the need to reduce dependence on fossil resources and mitigate the environmental impacts associated with their use. In this context, agro-industrial waste has emerged as a promising biomass source for the production of high-value-added products, such as bio-oils rich in phenolic compounds. This study aims to characterize and evaluate the seeds of acerola (ACE), grape (UVA), guava (GOI), and passion fruit (MAR), investigating their properties and potential for conversion into bio-oils rich in phenolic compounds. The biomass samples were characterized through elemental analysis (CHNO), thermogravimetry (TG), ash content, moisture, total extractives, and oil content. The samples showed low ash content (1.00 to 2.71%) and moisture (1.55 to 6.61%). Thermogravimetric analysis elucidated the lignocellulosic composition of the samples, a relevant parameter for understanding the thermal degradation of their constituents. Using GC-MS, the bio-oils were characterized, demonstrating the potential for using these biomasses in the production of phenolic resins. The predominant classes differed according to the compositions: higher percentages of phenols were found in the bio-oil from ACE, and carboxylic acids were more prevalent in the others, due to the oil content.

近几十年来，由于需要减少对化石资源的依赖并减轻与使用化石资源有关的环境影响，对化学品和燃料的替代和可持续来源的研究一直在增加。在这种情况下，农业工业废弃物已成为生产高附加值产品（如富含酚类化合物的生物油）的有前途的生物质来源。本研究旨在对针叶树（ACE）、葡萄（UVA）、番石榴（GOI）和百香果（MAR）的种子进行表征和评价，探讨其特性和转化为富含酚类化合物的生物油的潜力。通过元素分析（CHNO）、热重（TG）、灰分、水分、总萃取物和含油量对生物质样品进行了表征。样品灰分含量低（1.00 ~ 2.71%），水分含量低（1.55 ~ 6.61%）。热重分析阐明了样品的木质纤维素组成，这是了解其成分热降解的相关参数。利用GC-MS对生物油进行了表征，证明了利用这些生物质生产酚醛树脂的潜力。根据成分的不同，优势类别有所不同：ACE生物油中酚类含量较高，而由于油含量的原因，羧酸在其他生物油中更为普遍。

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引用次数: 0

Optimizing woody biomass conversion to synthetic fuels: A spatial and economic analysis for Japan 优化木质生物质转化为合成燃料：日本的空间和经济分析

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109214

Bingxin Li , Zheng Li , Kaifeng Duan , Jia Tong

Hard-to-abate sectors such as heavy industry and transportation require innovative solutions in order to be carbon neutral. In this study, the sustainability of woody biomass as a renewable energy source in Japan is investigated through the development of biomass-to-X (B2X) optimization model based on mixed-integer linear programming (MILP). The model employs high resolution data of 1741 towns in order to evaluate the technical and economic viability by combining biomass supply, energy consumption and inter-regional energy flows. Results show that the woody biomass that can be achieved in Japan is in the range of 10 to 56.9 PJ/per annum which is only 1.3 to 7.4 percent of the theoretical potential because of supply chain limitations. Methanol was found to be the most cost-effective option of the conversion path and it represented 86 percent of overall production. The cost of methanol, methane, FischerTropsch fuel, and ammonia were estimated to be 144.8, 170.7, 381.1, and 228.1 EUR/GJ respectively and the costs rise at the municipal level because of the decreased economies of scale. The network study has been able to identify 32 biomass clusters highlighting the opportunities of decentralized and resilient energy systems. Woody biomass can play a central role in decarbonizing the transportation and industrial sector of Japan. The paper provides a practical solution which incorporates optimization and network analysis, providing information to policy makers and planners in the development of localized and cost-effective bioenergy policies that promote national goals of carbon neutrality.

重工业和交通运输等难以减排的行业需要创新的解决方案来实现碳中和。在本研究中，通过基于混合整数线性规划（MILP）的生物质- x （B2X）优化模型的开发，研究了日本木质生物质作为可再生能源的可持续性。该模型采用1741个城镇的高分辨率数据，结合生物质供应、能源消耗和区域间能源流动来评估技术和经济可行性。结果表明，由于供应链的限制，日本可实现的木质生物量在10至56.9 PJ/年之间，仅为理论潜力的1.3%至7.4%。甲醇被发现是转化路径中最具成本效益的选择，它占总产量的86%。甲醇、甲烷、费托燃料和氨的成本估计分别为144.8、170.7、381.1和228.1欧元/吉热，由于规模经济的下降，市政一级的成本上升。网络研究已经能够确定32个生物质集群，突出了分散和弹性能源系统的机会。木质生物质可以在日本的运输和工业部门脱碳中发挥核心作用。本文提供了一个结合优化和网络分析的实用解决方案，为政策制定者和规划者制定本地化和具有成本效益的生物能源政策提供信息，以促进国家碳中和目标。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanistic insights into nitrogen-doping-assisted biomass-derived graphitization carbon catalyzed by iron nitrate 硝酸铁催化氮掺杂辅助生物质衍生石墨化碳的机理研究

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109130

Guangda Fu , Zhengshuai Sun , Baojun Yi , Jiaqi Deng , Xing Wu , Dongyi Kong

Biomass-based graphitized carbon is a highly promising material, but the effect mechanism of nitrogen on biomass catalytic process remains unclear. This study used cellulose as a model substance to systematically investigate the effects of nitrogen doping on the formation of biomass-derived graphitized carbon catalyzed by iron nitrate at low temperatures (700-900 °C). A combination of experimental and theoretical calculations was used to analyze the formation mechanisms. The study revealed that the type of nitrogen precursor is crucial for regulating graphitization. Specifically, g-C₃N₄ and melamine enable the stepwise release of nitrogen at temperatures ranging from 500 to 700 °C. This process creates a carbon-rich, reducing environment that promotes the formation of active iron carbide phases with a lattice mismatch of less than 5%. This process results in a graphitization degree that is over 50% higher than that achieved in the NH₄Cl/urea system. However, there is a threshold effect for nitrogen doping levels. At 0.4 mol of melamine loading, the nitrogen content reaches 6.70 at.%, but the defect density increases (D₁/G = 2.9). This results in a 34.6% decrease in the graphitization degree (G/all) compared to 0.05 mol. Increasing the temperature promotes carbon framework restructuring by enhancing the release of reducing gases. However, nitrogen -induced ring defects hinder graphite microcrystal growth. Iron carbide and graphite nitrogen can jointly reduce the carbon diffusion barrier, as verified by molecular dynamics simulations. However, excessive nitrogen coverage leads to iron site deactivation. XRD, Raman, and XPS analyses confirm that the optimal graphitization effect is achieved at 800 °C with 0.1 mol of melamine. These results provide a fundamental theoretical basis for the low-temperature carbonization of biomass.

生物质基石墨化碳是一种极具发展前景的材料，但氮对生物质催化过程的影响机制尚不清楚。本研究以纤维素为模型物质，系统研究了氮掺杂对低温（700-900℃）下硝酸铁催化生成生物质衍生石墨化碳的影响。采用实验与理论计算相结合的方法对其形成机理进行了分析。研究表明，氮前驱体的类型对石墨化的调节至关重要。具体来说，g-C3N4和三聚氰胺可以在500至700°C的温度范围内逐步释放氮气。这一过程创造了一个富含碳的还原环境，促进了晶格错配小于5%的活性碳化铁相的形成。该工艺的石墨化程度比NH4Cl/尿素体系的石墨化程度高50%以上。然而，氮掺杂水平存在阈值效应。在0.4 mol的三聚氰胺负荷下，氮含量达到6.70 At。%，但缺陷密度增大（D1/G = 2.9）。与0.05 mol相比，石墨化度（G/all）降低了34.6%。升高温度通过增强还原性气体的释放来促进碳框架的重组。然而，氮诱导的环形缺陷阻碍了石墨微晶的生长。通过分子动力学模拟验证了碳化铁和石墨氮可以共同降低碳的扩散屏障。然而，过多的氮覆盖会导致铁位点失活。XRD， Raman和XPS分析证实，在800°C和0.1 mol三聚氰胺的条件下，石墨化效果最佳。这些结果为生物质低温碳化提供了基础理论依据。

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引用次数: 0

Nanoarchitectured hollow rod-like hierarchical carbon from Celosia cristata L. vascular bundles for supercapacitors 超级电容器维管束用空心棒状碳纳米结构

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109168

Xin-ya Zhao , Yu-fan Ma , Qiu-hong Bai , Xin-yi Feng , Yan Wang , Ye-hua Shen

Biomass has become an ideal choice for preparing high-performance carbon materials due to its unique morphological and composition advantages. The vascular bundle system of Celosia cristata L. and rich content of non-metallic elements provide an ideal template for preparing carbon materials with a unique hollow rod-like structure and enhanced electrochemical performance. Using Celosia cristata L. as a precursor, nitrogen and oxygen self-doped carbon materials were successfully prepared through activation process. The effects of activation temperature on the morphology, pore structure, specific surface area, and surface chemical properties of Celosia cristata L.-derived carbon materials were systematically studied. The carbon materials prepared at an appropriate activation temperature exhibited superior microstructure and electrochemical performance, displaying unique vascular bundle morphology and a rich porous structure with abundant oxygen and nitrogen elements. Based on this unique hierarchical pore structure and composition advantage of nitrogen-oxygen co-doping, in a three-electrode system, the specific capacitance of the carbon material was 337 F g⁻¹ (0.5 A g⁻¹), and the capacitance retention rate reached 110% after 50,000 cycles at a current density of 10 A g⁻¹, demonstrating excellent cycling stability. The assembled symmetric supercapacitor achieved a high energy density of 19.5 Wh kg⁻¹. Biomass materials with special intrinsic structures and compositions are of great significance in the development of high-performance energy storage materials and devices.

生物质以其独特的形态和组成优势，成为制备高性能碳材料的理想选择。鸡冠花维管束系统和丰富的非金属元素含量为制备具有独特空心棒状结构和增强电化学性能的碳材料提供了理想的模板。以鸡冠花为前驱体，通过活化法制备了氮氧自掺杂碳材料。系统研究了活化温度对鸡冠花衍生炭材料的形貌、孔隙结构、比表面积和表面化学性质的影响。在适当的活化温度下制备的碳材料具有优异的微观结构和电化学性能，具有独特的维管束形态和丰富的多孔结构，含有丰富的氧和氮元素。基于这种独特的分层孔结构和氮氧共掺杂的组成优势，在三电极体系中，碳材料的比电容为337 F g−1 (0.5 ag−1)，在10 ag−1的电流密度下，在5万次循环后电容保持率达到110%，表现出优异的循环稳定性。组装的对称超级电容器获得了19.5 Wh kg−1的高能量密度。生物质材料具有特殊的内在结构和组成，在高性能储能材料和器件的开发中具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Modelling biohydrogen production from residual hydrocarbons by immobilized bacteria using COMSOL multiphysics 利用COMSOL多物理场模拟固定化细菌从残余碳氢化合物中产生生物氢

IF 5.8 2区生物学 Q1 AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING

Biomass & Bioenergy

Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2026.109165

David Abutu , Hafizuddin Wan Yussof , Francis Nyah , Peter Ikechukwu Nwaichi , Chika Umunnawuike , Augustine Agi

Growing demand for low-carbon energy has increased interest in biological hydrogen production from unconventional resources. Residual hydrocarbons in depleted oil reservoirs offer a potential substrate for thermophilic biohydrogen generation, but integrated experimental modelling studies under reservoir conditions remain limited. This study investigates biohydrogen generation from residual hydrocarbons within a simulated media mimicking a depleted oil reservoir, combining batch experiments with COMSOL Multiphysics® modelling. Laboratory trials at 68.4 °C showed a progressive increase in hydrogen concentration from 0 to 7.63 mmol L⁻¹ within 168 h, corresponding to a 37 % substrate utilization. A three-dimensional axisymmetric domain was implemented in COMSOL Multiphysics by coupling the transport of diluted species, coefficient form PDE, and heat transfer in porous media interfaces to simulate substrate diffusion, microbial reaction kinetics, and thermal effects within the porous reservoir system. The model achieved close agreement with experimental data (R² = 0.985; mean deviation = 7.8 %). Simulated peak hydrogen concentration reached 7.45 mmol L⁻¹ at 168 h, with maximum biomass density of 1.8 × 10⁷ cells cm⁻³ localized around immobilized beads. Sensitivity analysis indicated that a 10 % decrease in substrate diffusivity reduced hydrogen yield by 8.6 %, while temperatures above 72 °C decreased microbial activity by 12 %. Distribution plots revealed hydrogen accumulation zones extending 2-3 mm from bead surfaces, governed by local diffusion–reaction coupling. Model-predicted hydrogen productivity of 1.05 mmol L⁻¹ h⁻¹ validated the experimental average of 1.09 mmol L⁻¹ h⁻¹. These findings show residual hydrocarbons can support thermophilic biohydrogen in depleted reservoirs, and COMSOL modelling effectively predicts and optimizes subsurface production processes.

对低碳能源日益增长的需求增加了人们对利用非常规资源生产生物氢的兴趣。枯竭油藏中的残余碳氢化合物为嗜热生物制氢提供了潜在的基质，但油藏条件下的综合实验模拟研究仍然有限。本研究将批量实验与COMSOL Multiphysics®建模相结合，研究了在模拟枯竭油藏的模拟介质中残余碳氢化合物产生生物氢的情况。在68.4°C下的实验室试验表明，在168 h内，氢浓度从0逐渐增加到7.63 mmol L−1，对应于37%的底物利用率。在COMSOL Multiphysics中，通过耦合稀释物质的输运、PDE的系数和多孔介质界面中的传热，实现了三维轴对称域，以模拟多孔储层系统中的基质扩散、微生物反应动力学和热效应。模型与实验数据吻合较好（R2 = 0.985，平均偏差= 7.8%）。模拟氢浓度在168 h时达到7.45 mmol L−1，固定珠周围的最大生物量密度为1.8 × 107个细胞cm−3。敏感性分析表明，底物扩散率降低10%，产氢率降低8.6%，而温度高于72°C时，微生物活性降低12%。分布图显示氢气聚集区从球表面延伸2 ~ 3 mm，受局部扩散反应耦合控制。模型预测的产氢率为1.05 mmol L−1 h−1，验证了实验平均值1.09 mmol L−1 h−1。这些发现表明，在枯竭的储层中，残余碳氢化合物可以支持嗜热生物氢，COMSOL模型可以有效地预测和优化地下生产过程。

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引用次数: 0