Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107835
Flávio L.F. Bittencourt , Márcio F. Martins , Nur F. Munajat , Glauber Cruz , Ruming Pan , Arthur V.S. Silva , Yibo Wu , Hugo A.M. Azevedo , Paulo Henrique C. Lyrio , Isabele L. Maciel , Julio L. Lima
Marine biomass and fish by-products represent an underutilized resource, often discarded as waste by the fishing and processing industries, but with great bioenergy potential. This review explores their use as feedstocks in thermochemical processes such as combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification. Recent advancements in these conversion methods are discussed alongside a detailed thermochemical characterization of fish waste, macroalgae, microalgae, and shellfish to better understand their energy potential. Tons of fish waste can be transformed into heat via combustion, reaching up to 84% carbon conversion efficiency. Additionally, pyrolysis yields biochar with a fixed carbon content of up to 78 wt% and higher heating values reaching 26 MJ kg−1, making it suitable for energy and soil conditioning due to high nitrogen fractions. Pyrolytic bio-oil yields range from 17 wt% to 50 wt%. This bio-oil can be upgraded to biodiesel through transesterification, achieving conversion efficiencies of 98.2% and producing a fuel with a calorific value of 43 MJ kg−1. Scales, bones, and shells are promising sources of heterogeneous catalysts, also favoring biodiesel production from other biomasses. This integrated approach promotes waste valorization and energy recovery and strengthens the concept of “energy from the oceans,” driving forward a more circular and sustainable bioeconomy.
{"title":"Waste-to-energy from marine biomass and processing wastes: A review","authors":"Flávio L.F. Bittencourt , Márcio F. Martins , Nur F. Munajat , Glauber Cruz , Ruming Pan , Arthur V.S. Silva , Yibo Wu , Hugo A.M. Azevedo , Paulo Henrique C. Lyrio , Isabele L. Maciel , Julio L. Lima","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107835","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107835","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Marine biomass and fish by-products represent an underutilized resource, often discarded as waste by the fishing and processing industries, but with great bioenergy potential. This review explores their use as feedstocks in thermochemical processes such as combustion, pyrolysis, and gasification. Recent advancements in these conversion methods are discussed alongside a detailed thermochemical characterization of fish waste, macroalgae, microalgae, and shellfish to better understand their energy potential. Tons of fish waste can be transformed into heat via combustion, reaching up to 84% carbon conversion efficiency. Additionally, pyrolysis yields biochar with a fixed carbon content of up to 78 wt% and higher heating values reaching 26 MJ kg<sup>−1</sup>, making it suitable for energy and soil conditioning due to high nitrogen fractions. Pyrolytic bio-oil yields range from 17 wt% to 50 wt%. This bio-oil can be upgraded to biodiesel through transesterification, achieving conversion efficiencies of 98.2% and producing a fuel with a calorific value of 43 MJ kg<sup>−1</sup>. Scales, bones, and shells are promising sources of heterogeneous catalysts, also favoring biodiesel production from other biomasses. This integrated approach promotes waste valorization and energy recovery and strengthens the concept of “energy from the oceans,” driving forward a more circular and sustainable bioeconomy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107835"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107883
Mao Chen , Guosong Ni , Sherif A. El-Khodary , Qianqian Liu , Shan Zhong , Bin Cao , Shuang Wang , Chuan Yuan
The utilization of biomass resources in the development of carbon-based supercapacitor electrode materials shows considerable promise as an effective energy storage system. In this regard, the elevated carbon content and favorable thermoplasticity of bio-oils facilitate its utilization as a precursor for the manufacture of carbon electrode materials for supercapacitors. Herein, a flower-like hierarchical porous carbon was prepared via the chemical carbonization activation of heavy bio-oils derived from rice husk along with alkali magnesium carbonate (Mg(OH)2•4MgCO3•xH2O), and potassium oxalate (K2C2O4) as a hard template and chemical activator, respectively. The temperature-controlled synthesis of flower-like carbon materials (RK1M3C-800) with a maximum specific surface area of 1806.87 m2 g−1 was achieved with suitable additive ratios. When employed as a supercapacitor electrode, the RK1M3C-800 sample exhibited a specific capacitance of 248 F g−1 in a three-electrode system (measured at 0.5 A g−1). Further application to symmetric capacitors demonstrated a high energy density of 8.75 Wh kg−1 in 6 M KOH electrolyte, corresponding to a power density of 142.33 W kg−1. Additionally, excellent cycling stability was observed in 0.5 M Na2SO4 electrolyte. This research contributes to the development of a theoretical framework for the high-value utilization of heavy bio-oils, and represents a crucial step in the advancement of green energy storage technologies.
{"title":"Nanoflower porous carbon derived from bio-oils with enhanced supercapacitors by thermoplastic temperature control","authors":"Mao Chen , Guosong Ni , Sherif A. El-Khodary , Qianqian Liu , Shan Zhong , Bin Cao , Shuang Wang , Chuan Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107883","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107883","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The utilization of biomass resources in the development of carbon-based supercapacitor electrode materials shows considerable promise as an effective energy storage system. In this regard, the elevated carbon content and favorable thermoplasticity of bio-oils facilitate its utilization as a precursor for the manufacture of carbon electrode materials for supercapacitors. Herein, a flower-like hierarchical porous carbon was prepared <em>via</em> the chemical carbonization activation of heavy bio-oils derived from rice husk along with alkali magnesium carbonate (Mg(OH)<sub>2</sub>•4MgCO<sub>3</sub>•xH<sub>2</sub>O), and potassium oxalate (K<sub>2</sub>C<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) as a hard template and chemical activator, respectively. The temperature-controlled synthesis of flower-like carbon materials (RK<sub>1</sub>M<sub>3</sub>C-800) with a maximum specific surface area of 1806.87 m<sup>2</sup> g<sup>−1</sup> was achieved with suitable additive ratios. When employed as a supercapacitor electrode, the RK<sub>1</sub>M<sub>3</sub>C-800 sample exhibited a specific capacitance of 248 F g<sup>−1</sup> in a three-electrode system (measured at 0.5 A g<sup>−1</sup>). Further application to symmetric capacitors demonstrated a high energy density of 8.75 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> in 6 M KOH electrolyte, corresponding to a power density of 142.33 W kg<sup>−1</sup>. Additionally, excellent cycling stability was observed in 0.5 M Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> electrolyte. This research contributes to the development of a theoretical framework for the high-value utilization of heavy bio-oils, and represents a crucial step in the advancement of green energy storage technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107883"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107829
Jiaqi Liang , Xiaopeng Chen , Linlin Wang , Xiaojie Wei , Kewei Mo , Zehui Xiong , Jiezhen Liang
Pine resin, a valuable bio-based resource with diverse applications, holds significant economic potential in China due to the abundance of Masson pine (Pinus massoniana). In order to maximize the value of pine resin, it is essential to focus on the rational tapping of pine trees. However, the traditional method for resin tapping employs an open system where the wounds, the resin ducts and the collected resin remain exposed to environmental factors such as rain and sunshine. Thus, turpentine components may volatilize, affecting both composition of turpentine and the quality of rosin. In this study, the treatment of film mulching (FM) to establish closed tapping conditions, and without film mulching but spraying with ethephon (WFE), along with their combination, both film mulching and spraying with ethephon (FME) were introduced. The result showed that resin yields were increased in all treatments, with FM and WME showing relatively similar in resin yield. The FME treatment achieved the highest resin yield (115.77 % increase) and the largest effect size (η2 = 0.723) when resin was collected every eight days. If a national extension is realized, there may be an additional revenue of 735,03.8 million CNY per year. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis revealed that FM and FME treatments effectively inhibited the volatilization of the main turpentine composition, maintaining higher α-pinene and β-pinene content. The color of rosin was measured using a colorimeter and assessed for quality, and the film mulching treatment significantly improved the rosin color compared to without mulching. Ethephon application enhanced resin yield by stimulating the secretion of pine resin ducts, but the quality of pine resin and rosin was not substantially improved. In the FME group, which combined the advantages of both methods, resin yield was substantially increased, and the quality of resin and rosin was improved. In this study, an efficient and practical tapping method was proposed in terms of both chemical stimulation and physical protection.
{"title":"Resin tapping in Masson pine (Pinus massoniana): Response of resin yield and its product quality to film mulching and chemical stimulation treatments","authors":"Jiaqi Liang , Xiaopeng Chen , Linlin Wang , Xiaojie Wei , Kewei Mo , Zehui Xiong , Jiezhen Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107829","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107829","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pine resin, a valuable bio-based resource with diverse applications, holds significant economic potential in China due to the abundance of Masson pine (<em>Pinus massoniana</em>). In order to maximize the value of pine resin, it is essential to focus on the rational tapping of pine trees. However, the traditional method for resin tapping employs an open system where the wounds, the resin ducts and the collected resin remain exposed to environmental factors such as rain and sunshine. Thus, turpentine components may volatilize, affecting both composition of turpentine and the quality of rosin. In this study, the treatment of film mulching (FM) to establish closed tapping conditions, and without film mulching but spraying with ethephon (WFE), along with their combination, both film mulching and spraying with ethephon (FME) were introduced. The result showed that resin yields were increased in all treatments, with FM and WME showing relatively similar in resin yield. The FME treatment achieved the highest resin yield (115.77 % increase) and the largest effect size (η<sup>2</sup> = 0.723) when resin was collected every eight days. If a national extension is realized, there may be an additional revenue of 735,03.8 million CNY per year. Gas chromatography (GC) analysis revealed that FM and FME treatments effectively inhibited the volatilization of the main turpentine composition, maintaining higher α-pinene and β-pinene content. The color of rosin was measured using a colorimeter and assessed for quality, and the film mulching treatment significantly improved the rosin color compared to without mulching. Ethephon application enhanced resin yield by stimulating the secretion of pine resin ducts, but the quality of pine resin and rosin was not substantially improved. In the FME group, which combined the advantages of both methods, resin yield was substantially increased, and the quality of resin and rosin was improved. In this study, an efficient and practical tapping method was proposed in terms of both chemical stimulation and physical protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107829"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107858
Yongming Lu , Wensheng Xie , Jingliang Dong , Jian Wang , Quan Shu , Jin Zhang , Shaolin Ge , Shun Zhou , Xiaofeng Wang , Mingxi Chen , Guozhao Ji
During smoking, the cut tobacco undergoes a series of thermal decomposition and secondary reactions when heated, resulting in the production of harmful substances such as nicotine, CO and furfural, which caused various diseases. Therefore, to elucidate the decomposition and transformation pathways of cut tobacco components and investigate the formation of harmful substances, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the thermal reaction mechanism of cut tobacco. To this end, this study employed TG-FTIR to analyze the thermal reaction process and product distribution with different oxygen concentrations. Additionally, the overall pyrolysis reaction of cut tobacco was divided into five independent parallel pyrolysis reactions according to the DTG pattern. The kinetic analysis of these five reactions was carried out using the iso-conversional method. The compensation effect was applied to achieve the separation of the pre-exponential factor A(α) and the reaction mechanism function f(α). The results indicated that the cut tobacco pyrolysis could be segmented into five stages. The major weight loss occurred in the second, third and fourth stages (approximately 222–600 °C), where most of the pyrolysis products were generated, including small molecular gases (such as H2O, CO, CO2 and alkanes) and organic components (including alcohols, phenols, aromatic compounds, as well as carbonyl groups like aldehydes, ketones and acids). The involvement of oxygen became effective in the fourth stage (around 355–600 °C) of cut tobacco pyrolysis, where the combustion of char took place, producing a large amount of CO2. The yields of carbonyl compounds, alcohols and phenols decreased in this stage. The kinetic investigation found that the activation energies of lignin pyrolysis showed the most significant changes in activation energy. This study elucidated the mechanisms of cut tobacco pyrolysis and the releasing of the products, providing theoretical references for a deeper understanding of the thermal reaction characteristics and data support for the thermal reaction equation of a comprehensive cigarette numerical simulation.
{"title":"A comprehensive study on the thermal reaction mechanism, products and kinetic characteristics of cut tobacco","authors":"Yongming Lu , Wensheng Xie , Jingliang Dong , Jian Wang , Quan Shu , Jin Zhang , Shaolin Ge , Shun Zhou , Xiaofeng Wang , Mingxi Chen , Guozhao Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107858","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107858","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>During smoking, the cut tobacco undergoes a series of thermal decomposition and secondary reactions when heated, resulting in the production of harmful substances such as nicotine, CO and furfural, which caused various diseases. Therefore, to elucidate the decomposition and transformation pathways of cut tobacco components and investigate the formation of harmful substances, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the thermal reaction mechanism of cut tobacco. To this end, this study employed TG-FTIR to analyze the thermal reaction process and product distribution with different oxygen concentrations. Additionally, the overall pyrolysis reaction of cut tobacco was divided into five independent parallel pyrolysis reactions according to the DTG pattern. The kinetic analysis of these five reactions was carried out using the iso-conversional method. The compensation effect was applied to achieve the separation of the pre-exponential factor <em>A</em>(<em>α</em>) and the reaction mechanism function <em>f</em>(<em>α</em>). The results indicated that the cut tobacco pyrolysis could be segmented into five stages. The major weight loss occurred in the second, third and fourth stages (approximately 222–600 °C), where most of the pyrolysis products were generated, including small molecular gases (such as H<sub>2</sub>O, CO, CO<sub>2</sub> and alkanes) and organic components (including alcohols, phenols, aromatic compounds, as well as carbonyl groups like aldehydes, ketones and acids). The involvement of oxygen became effective in the fourth stage (around 355–600 °C) of cut tobacco pyrolysis, where the combustion of char took place, producing a large amount of CO<sub>2</sub>. The yields of carbonyl compounds, alcohols and phenols decreased in this stage. The kinetic investigation found that the activation energies of lignin pyrolysis showed the most significant changes in activation energy. This study elucidated the mechanisms of cut tobacco pyrolysis and the releasing of the products, providing theoretical references for a deeper understanding of the thermal reaction characteristics and data support for the thermal reaction equation of a comprehensive cigarette numerical simulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107858"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are emerging as a promising technology for large-scale energy storage due to their flexibility, scalability, and long cycle life. These batteries play a crucial role in achieving optimal efficiency and performance for stationary energy storage applications. Carbon materials are integral to improving the performance of RFBs, particularly in electrodes and bipolar plates, due to their high conductivity, chemical stability, and large surface area. The shift towards sustainable alternatives has led to increased research interest in biomass-derived carbon materials as potential electrode components, offering a viable solution for developing fossil-free materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of biomass-derived carbon materials and their applications in RFBs. The discussion includes the classification of biomass sources—plant-based, animal-derived, and microorganism-derived—as well as various synthesis techniques such as carbonization and activation (chemical, acid, alkali, salt, and physical activation). The relationship between biomass precursors and synthesis technologies is explored to highlight their impact on material properties. Additionally, the article delves into the properties of biomass-derived carbon materials and their role in RFB applications, including their use as electrode materials, conductive additives, and electrocatalysts. Specific carbon structures such as graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon felts are examined for their contributions to enhancing electrochemical performance. While graphite electrodes offer stability and conductivity, their low surface area and poor wettability limit performance. Carbon nanotubes and graphene, on the other hand, provide higher surface area and superior electrical conductivity, improving redox reaction efficiency. Furthermore, biomass-derived carbon materials have potential applications in separators and electrolytes, expanding their role in sustainable battery technologies. This article highlights recent advancements in designing biomass-derived carbon structures for RFBs, emphasizing their ability to enhance material efficiency, reduce costs, and improve the feasibility of RFBs for sustainable energy storage applications. By leveraging biomass as a carbon source, the development of environmentally friendly and cost-effective energy storage systems can be accelerated, paving the way for greener and more efficient battery technologies.
{"title":"Sustainable carbon electrode materials from biomass for redox flow batteries","authors":"Tholkappiyan Ramachandran , Rajwali Khan , Avijit Ghosh , Mohamed Hussien , Yedluri Anil Kumar , Nandarapu Purushotham Reddy , Md Moniruzzaman","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Redox flow batteries (RFBs) are emerging as a promising technology for large-scale energy storage due to their flexibility, scalability, and long cycle life. These batteries play a crucial role in achieving optimal efficiency and performance for stationary energy storage applications. Carbon materials are integral to improving the performance of RFBs, particularly in electrodes and bipolar plates, due to their high conductivity, chemical stability, and large surface area. The shift towards sustainable alternatives has led to increased research interest in biomass-derived carbon materials as potential electrode components, offering a viable solution for developing fossil-free materials. This review provides a comprehensive overview of biomass-derived carbon materials and their applications in RFBs. The discussion includes the classification of biomass sources—plant-based, animal-derived, and microorganism-derived—as well as various synthesis techniques such as carbonization and activation (chemical, acid, alkali, salt, and physical activation). The relationship between biomass precursors and synthesis technologies is explored to highlight their impact on material properties. Additionally, the article delves into the properties of biomass-derived carbon materials and their role in RFB applications, including their use as electrode materials, conductive additives, and electrocatalysts. Specific carbon structures such as graphite, carbon nanotubes, graphene, and carbon felts are examined for their contributions to enhancing electrochemical performance. While graphite electrodes offer stability and conductivity, their low surface area and poor wettability limit performance. Carbon nanotubes and graphene, on the other hand, provide higher surface area and superior electrical conductivity, improving redox reaction efficiency. Furthermore, biomass-derived carbon materials have potential applications in separators and electrolytes, expanding their role in sustainable battery technologies. This article highlights recent advancements in designing biomass-derived carbon structures for RFBs, emphasizing their ability to enhance material efficiency, reduce costs, and improve the feasibility of RFBs for sustainable energy storage applications. By leveraging biomass as a carbon source, the development of environmentally friendly and cost-effective energy storage systems can be accelerated, paving the way for greener and more efficient battery technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107846"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107860
Ravi Kumar Sahu , Sandip Gangil
This research used artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the complex pyrolysis behaviour of chickpea stalk (CS) using factors such as temperature (°C) and heating rate (°C/min). This is the first comprehensive kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of CS during pyrolysis thermal degradation, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at four different heating rates. Kinetic parameters were determined using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Starink methods. Results revealed that CS undergoes mass loss in three stages and major volatile degradation occurring between 143 and 374 °C. The average activation energies for FWO, KAS, and Starink models were 301.01, 291.11, and 306.42 kJ/mol, respectively, with no significant differences. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy were critically explained. The master plot shows strong agreement with the order-based, diffusion, and power-law models. This leads to the conclusion that chickpea stalk contains potential as feedstock.
{"title":"Thermo-kinetic analysis of pyrolysis of chickpea stalk using thermogravimetric analysis and artificial neural network","authors":"Ravi Kumar Sahu , Sandip Gangil","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107860","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107860","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research used artificial neural networks (ANN) to predict the complex pyrolysis behaviour of chickpea stalk (CS) using factors such as temperature (°C) and heating rate (°C/min). This is the first comprehensive kinetic and thermodynamic analysis of CS during pyrolysis thermal degradation, using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) at four different heating rates. Kinetic parameters were determined using the Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO), Kissinger-Akahira-Sunose (KAS), and Starink methods. Results revealed that CS undergoes mass loss in three stages and major volatile degradation occurring between 143 and 374 °C. The average activation energies for FWO, KAS, and Starink models were 301.01, 291.11, and 306.42 kJ/mol, respectively, with no significant differences. Thermodynamic parameters such as enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy were critically explained. The master plot shows strong agreement with the order-based, diffusion, and power-law models. This leads to the conclusion that chickpea stalk contains potential as feedstock.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107860"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107857
Martin Kerner , Kerstin Nachtigall , Alexander Thiemann
The efficiency of the extraction of pigments from Chlorella sorokiniana produced in a bioenergy façade (53° 29′ 42'' N 10° 0′ 40'' O) with the surfactant Heptylglycerin was studied. Samples were obtained in monthly intervals between May and November 2022 and microalgae were extracted with surfactant: biomass ratios between 3.2 and 5.9, extraction times down to 1 h and temperatures <60 °C. The pigment content of the microalgae was mainly controlled by PAR and varied by a factor of up to 10 during the study period whereby Carotin, Violaxanthin and Zeaxanthin contents decreased with increase in PAR prevailing during a period of 7 days. Yields of extraction of pigments with Heptylglycerin correlated linearly with their contents in biomass. Maximum yields of up to 360 μg g−1 for Lutein and 1029 μg g−1 for β-Carotin detected, were comparable with more aggressive conditions of pressure liquid and supercritical fluid extraction described in literature. Mean recoveries of Violaxanthin, Zeaxanthin, Lutein, and β-Carotene were 8.1, 29.6, 13.5 and 66.6 %, with standard variations from recoveries of 78, 48, 42 and 38 % due to differences in their location in the cells during study period, respectively. Results indicate that extraction of pigments with Heptylglycerin as solvent is favorable to other methods and can be used effectively for large-scale commercial extraction of carotenoids.
{"title":"Efficiency of surfactant extraction of pigments from wet and non-disrupted Chlorella sorokiniana produced in a bioenergy façade","authors":"Martin Kerner , Kerstin Nachtigall , Alexander Thiemann","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107857","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107857","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The efficiency of the extraction of pigments from <em>Chlorella sorokiniana</em> produced in a bioenergy façade (53° 29′ 42'' N 10° 0′ 40'' O) with the surfactant Heptylglycerin was studied. Samples were obtained in monthly intervals between May and November 2022 and microalgae were extracted with surfactant: biomass ratios between 3.2 and 5.9, extraction times down to 1 h and temperatures <60 °C. The pigment content of the microalgae was mainly controlled by PAR and varied by a factor of up to 10 during the study period whereby Carotin, Violaxanthin and Zeaxanthin contents decreased with increase in PAR prevailing during a period of 7 days. Yields of extraction of pigments with Heptylglycerin correlated linearly with their contents in biomass. Maximum yields of up to 360 μg g<sup>−1</sup> for Lutein and 1029 μg g<sup>−1</sup> for β-Carotin detected, were comparable with more aggressive conditions of pressure liquid and supercritical fluid extraction described in literature. Mean recoveries of Violaxanthin, Zeaxanthin, Lutein, and β-Carotene were 8.1, 29.6, 13.5 and 66.6 %, with standard variations from recoveries of 78, 48, 42 and 38 % due to differences in their location in the cells during study period, respectively. Results indicate that extraction of pigments with Heptylglycerin as solvent is favorable to other methods and can be used effectively for large-scale commercial extraction of carotenoids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107857"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107863
Subhrajit Roy , Sourav Pakrashy , Prakash Biswas , K.K. Pant , Sirshendu De
{"title":"First principle based delignification mechanism and kinetics of pine needles using Protic Ionic Liquid and Deep Eutectic Solvent in microwave and oil-bath reactors","authors":"Subhrajit Roy , Sourav Pakrashy , Prakash Biswas , K.K. Pant , Sirshendu De","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107863","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107863","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107863"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107862
Izzudin Ibrahim , Mohammed Abdillah Ahmad Farid , Yoshito Andou
Oil palm fronds (OPF), available in abundance, represent a promising sustainable resource, yet its utilization is hindered by the demanding process of cellulose extraction. This study introduces a cost-effective, one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal method using dilute HNO3 (0.5 M) at 120 °C. The selected conditions, with a treatment time of 30 min, resulted in cellulose extraction with a purity of 84.2 wt%, reducing lignin content from 21.8 to 9.3 wt% and hemicellulose from 31.6 to 6.4 wt%. A post-treatment alkaline rinse further increased cellulose purity to 96 wt% and crystallinity to 71.5 %. The method's applicability to other biomasses, including oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), bamboo, sisal, and shuro palm fibre, showed lignin reduction of up to 85 % and cellulose yields between 78 and 85 %. Thermal stability analysis via TGA indicated a decomposition temperature of 350 °C, and XRD analysis showed a crystallinity index increase from 45 to 62 %. This facile and sustainable process, using only HNO3 and water, marks a significant step forward in biomass valorization, providing environmental benefits by minimizing chemical use for industrial-scale lignocellulosic waste utilization.
{"title":"Novel one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal delignification using dilute HNO3 for facile high-purity cellulose extraction from oil palm fronds (OPF)","authors":"Izzudin Ibrahim , Mohammed Abdillah Ahmad Farid , Yoshito Andou","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107862","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107862","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Oil palm fronds (OPF), available in abundance, represent a promising sustainable resource, yet its utilization is hindered by the demanding process of cellulose extraction. This study introduces a cost-effective, one-step dilute acid-assisted hydrothermal method using dilute HNO<sub>3</sub> (0.5 M) at 120 °C. The selected conditions, with a treatment time of 30 min, resulted in cellulose extraction with a purity of 84.2 wt%, reducing lignin content from 21.8 to 9.3 wt% and hemicellulose from 31.6 to 6.4 wt%. A post-treatment alkaline rinse further increased cellulose purity to 96 wt% and crystallinity to 71.5 %. The method's applicability to other biomasses, including oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB), bamboo, sisal, and shuro palm fibre, showed lignin reduction of up to 85 % and cellulose yields between 78 and 85 %. Thermal stability analysis via TGA indicated a decomposition temperature of 350 °C, and XRD analysis showed a crystallinity index increase from 45 to 62 %. This facile and sustainable process, using only HNO<sub>3</sub> and water, marks a significant step forward in biomass valorization, providing environmental benefits by minimizing chemical use for industrial-scale lignocellulosic waste utilization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107862"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143800319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-04-09DOI: 10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107855
Akshay V. Bagde, Manosh C. Paul
The research focuses on enhancing hydrogen production using a blend of municipal solid waste (MSW) with Biomass and mixed plastic waste (MPW) under the Bioenergy with Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (BECCUS) concept. The key challenges include optimising the feedstock blends and gasification process parameters to maximise hydrogen yield and carbon dioxide capture. This study introduces a novel approach that employs sorption-enhanced gasification and a high-temperature regenerator reactor. Using this method, syngas streams with high hydrogen contents of up to 93 mol% and 66 mol% were produced, respectively. Thermodynamic simulations with Aspen Plus® validated the integrated system for achieving high-purity hydrogen (99.99 mol%) and effective carbon dioxide isolation. The system produced 70.33 when using steam as a gasifying agent while 37.95 was produced under air gasification conditions. Case I employed a mixture of MSW and wood residue at a ratio of 1:1.25, with steam and calcium oxide added at 2:1 and 0.92:1, respectively, resulting in 68.80 and a CO2 capture efficiency of 92 %. Case II utilised MSW and MPW at a 1:1 ratio, with steam and calcium oxide at 2:1 and 0.4:1, respectively, producing 100.17 and achieving a 90.09 % CO2 capture efficiency. The optimised parameters significantly improve hydrogen yield and carbon capture, offering valuable insights for BECCUS applications.
{"title":"Waste to hydrogen: Steam gasification of municipal solid wastes with carbon capture for enhanced hydrogen production","authors":"Akshay V. Bagde, Manosh C. Paul","doi":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107855","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.107855","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The research focuses on enhancing hydrogen production using a blend of municipal solid waste (MSW) with Biomass and mixed plastic waste (MPW) under the Bioenergy with Carbon Capture, Utilisation, and Storage (BECCUS) concept. The key challenges include optimising the feedstock blends and gasification process parameters to maximise hydrogen yield and carbon dioxide capture. This study introduces a novel approach that employs sorption-enhanced gasification and a high-temperature regenerator reactor. Using this method, syngas streams with high hydrogen contents of up to 93 mol% and 66 mol% were produced, respectively. Thermodynamic simulations with Aspen Plus® validated the integrated system for achieving high-purity hydrogen (99.99 mol%) and effective carbon dioxide isolation. The system produced 70.33 <span><math><mrow><msub><mtext>mol</mtext><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mtext>kg</mtext><mtext>feed</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span> when using steam as a gasifying agent while 37.95 <span><math><mrow><msub><mtext>mol</mtext><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mtext>kg</mtext><mtext>feed</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span> was produced under air gasification conditions. Case I employed a mixture of MSW and wood residue at a ratio of 1:1.25, with steam and calcium oxide added at 2:1 and 0.92:1, respectively, resulting in 68.80 <span><math><mrow><msub><mtext>mol</mtext><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mtext>kg</mtext><mtext>feed</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span> and a CO<sub>2</sub> capture efficiency of 92 %. Case II utilised MSW and MPW at a 1:1 ratio, with steam and calcium oxide at 2:1 and 0.4:1, respectively, producing 100.17 <span><math><mrow><msub><mtext>mol</mtext><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></msub><mo>/</mo><msub><mtext>kg</mtext><mtext>feed</mtext></msub></mrow></math></span> and achieving a 90.09 % CO<sub>2</sub> capture efficiency. The optimised parameters significantly improve hydrogen yield and carbon capture, offering valuable insights for BECCUS applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":253,"journal":{"name":"Biomass & Bioenergy","volume":"198 ","pages":"Article 107855"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143799835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号