Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898409
D. Newell, J. Liard, L. Chao, A. Cao, F. Seifert, D. Haddad, J. Pratt, S. Schlamminger
A new watt balance is being constructed at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in preparation for the redefinition of the International System of Units and the realization of mass through an exact value of the Planck constant. We describe the procedures used and give results for the measurements of the local acceleration of gravity in the new watt balance facility.
{"title":"The measurement of the local acceleration of gravity for the NIST-4 watt balance","authors":"D. Newell, J. Liard, L. Chao, A. Cao, F. Seifert, D. Haddad, J. Pratt, S. Schlamminger","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898409","url":null,"abstract":"A new watt balance is being constructed at National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in preparation for the redefinition of the International System of Units and the realization of mass through an exact value of the Planck constant. We describe the procedures used and give results for the measurements of the local acceleration of gravity in the new watt balance facility.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122910444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898315
S. Kim, Dong-Gwang Ha, Gwanyeol Park, Jiman Choi, J. Park, Woon Song, Soon-Gul Lee, H. Im, Hyungsang Kim, Y. Chong
We report our setup and measurement results of the quality factor Q of superconducting microwave resonators at mK temperature in a dilution refrigerator. The power dependence of the superconducting resonators' Q was measured down to the single photon level. Measurements were performed on two types of microwave resonators. First, a half-wavelength coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator made of niobium film on an oxidized high-resistivity silicon substrate was measured. Then a rectangular box resonator made of machined superconducting aluminum alloy was measured. While the CPW chip resonator's Q value showed noticeable decrease at low microwave power, the box resonator's Q showed little power dependence. This setup is intended to perform characterization of various microwave resonators, which will serve as key components in superconducting qubit in circuit QED architecture.
{"title":"Power-dependence measurement of the quality factor of superconducting microwave resonators at mK temperature","authors":"S. Kim, Dong-Gwang Ha, Gwanyeol Park, Jiman Choi, J. Park, Woon Song, Soon-Gul Lee, H. Im, Hyungsang Kim, Y. Chong","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898315","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898315","url":null,"abstract":"We report our setup and measurement results of the quality factor Q of superconducting microwave resonators at mK temperature in a dilution refrigerator. The power dependence of the superconducting resonators' Q was measured down to the single photon level. Measurements were performed on two types of microwave resonators. First, a half-wavelength coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator made of niobium film on an oxidized high-resistivity silicon substrate was measured. Then a rectangular box resonator made of machined superconducting aluminum alloy was measured. While the CPW chip resonator's Q value showed noticeable decrease at low microwave power, the box resonator's Q showed little power dependence. This setup is intended to perform characterization of various microwave resonators, which will serve as key components in superconducting qubit in circuit QED architecture.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125750112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898379
R. Carranza, S. Campos, A. Castruita, T. Nelson, A. Ribeiro, E. So, L. Di Lillo, A. Spaggiari, D. Slomovitz, D. Izquierdo, C. Faverio, H. Postigo, H. Sánchez, J. Gonzalez, G. Porras
From years 2010 to 2012, a key comparison of power standards at 50/60 Hz was conducted in the SIM region. The comparison included measurements of active and reactive power at three frequencies, aiming at providing support to high accuracy measurement needs of reactive power. This paper presents the results of the SIM.EM-K5 comparison and the assessment of the link between this comparison and the CCEM-K5 key comparison on 50/60 Hz power completed in 2001.
{"title":"Results of the SIM.EM-K5 key comparison of 50/60 Hz power","authors":"R. Carranza, S. Campos, A. Castruita, T. Nelson, A. Ribeiro, E. So, L. Di Lillo, A. Spaggiari, D. Slomovitz, D. Izquierdo, C. Faverio, H. Postigo, H. Sánchez, J. Gonzalez, G. Porras","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898379","url":null,"abstract":"From years 2010 to 2012, a key comparison of power standards at 50/60 Hz was conducted in the SIM region. The comparison included measurements of active and reactive power at three frequencies, aiming at providing support to high accuracy measurement needs of reactive power. This paper presents the results of the SIM.EM-K5 comparison and the assessment of the link between this comparison and the CCEM-K5 key comparison on 50/60 Hz power completed in 2001.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129316032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898299
D. Haddad, F. Seifert, S. Schlamminger, L. Chao, D. Newell, J. Pratt
This paper gives a brief description of the laser interferometer system designed for the next generation watt balance experiment aimed to realize the unit of mass by direct link to the Planck constant at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The light source is an iodine-stabilized frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at λ=532nm. Three heterodyne interferometers with subnanometer non-linearity errors measure the angular and the vertical displacements of the induction coil.
{"title":"Heterodyne interferometer with subnanometer accuracy","authors":"D. Haddad, F. Seifert, S. Schlamminger, L. Chao, D. Newell, J. Pratt","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898299","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898299","url":null,"abstract":"This paper gives a brief description of the laser interferometer system designed for the next generation watt balance experiment aimed to realize the unit of mass by direct link to the Planck constant at the National Institute of Standards and Technology. The light source is an iodine-stabilized frequency-doubled Nd:YAG laser at λ=532nm. Three heterodyne interferometers with subnanometer non-linearity errors measure the angular and the vertical displacements of the induction coil.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129716257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898247
C. Kalmbach, J. Schurr, F. Ahlers, A. Muller, S. Novikov, N. Lebedeva, A. Satrapinski
We present first ac measurements of the quantized Hall resistance in graphene. Remarkably, the first results are very similar to that of conventional, unshielded GaAs devices. The future exploration of the detailed loss mechanisms in graphene by established ac analysis techniques thus gives a good chance to understand and to eliminate the ac losses, enabling a future graphene-based impedance standard.
{"title":"First ac measurements of the quantum Hall effect in epitaxial graphene","authors":"C. Kalmbach, J. Schurr, F. Ahlers, A. Muller, S. Novikov, N. Lebedeva, A. Satrapinski","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898247","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898247","url":null,"abstract":"We present first ac measurements of the quantized Hall resistance in graphene. Remarkably, the first results are very similar to that of conventional, unshielded GaAs devices. The future exploration of the detailed loss mechanisms in graphene by established ac analysis techniques thus gives a good chance to understand and to eliminate the ac losses, enabling a future graphene-based impedance standard.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129210497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898527
Luiz Vicente Gomes Tarelho, Guilherme de Andrade Garcia, A. C. Baratto, Rodolfo Saboia Lima de Souza, J. de Martin, Stella Torres Muller, Daniel Varela Magalhaes, A. Bebeachibuli, V. Bagnato, G. Rovera
This paper describes the progress on commissioning a thermal Cesium beam frequency standard developed at IFSC-USP and transferred to the Brazilian NMI in order to be continuously operated as a primary frequency standard. The system is composed of a short Ramsey cavity for electromagnetic excitation and an optical pumping for atom detection and energy-state selection. The uncertainty budget for the measurement technique is under verification to acquire the same performance achieved earlier during the scientific development of the standard. Some aspects of the standard implantation are discussed here according to the technical and metrological requirements for the system.
{"title":"Joint effort to commissioning a thermal cesium beam with optical pumping as primary frequency standard to Brazilian NMI","authors":"Luiz Vicente Gomes Tarelho, Guilherme de Andrade Garcia, A. C. Baratto, Rodolfo Saboia Lima de Souza, J. de Martin, Stella Torres Muller, Daniel Varela Magalhaes, A. Bebeachibuli, V. Bagnato, G. Rovera","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898527","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the progress on commissioning a thermal Cesium beam frequency standard developed at IFSC-USP and transferred to the Brazilian NMI in order to be continuously operated as a primary frequency standard. The system is composed of a short Ramsey cavity for electromagnetic excitation and an optical pumping for atom detection and energy-state selection. The uncertainty budget for the measurement technique is under verification to acquire the same performance achieved earlier during the scientific development of the standard. Some aspects of the standard implantation are discussed here according to the technical and metrological requirements for the system.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124570893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898283
L. Zu-liang, Huang Lu, Yang Yan, Zhao Jianting, Qian Jin, L. Wenjun, Li Zhongyou, Z. Zhonghua, Liu Xiuying, Wang Jianbo, Wang Wei, L. Yunfeng, He Qing
A new type calculable capacitor has been studied and developed at NIM in cooperation with NMIA. The situation and the preliminary results are presented with uncertainty of 20 parts in 109 for realization of the capacitance unit to 1 pF.
{"title":"A preliminary report on building a new calculable capacitor at NIM","authors":"L. Zu-liang, Huang Lu, Yang Yan, Zhao Jianting, Qian Jin, L. Wenjun, Li Zhongyou, Z. Zhonghua, Liu Xiuying, Wang Jianbo, Wang Wei, L. Yunfeng, He Qing","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898283","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898283","url":null,"abstract":"A new type calculable capacitor has been studied and developed at NIM in cooperation with NMIA. The situation and the preliminary results are presented with uncertainty of 20 parts in 109 for realization of the capacitance unit to 1 pF.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130552049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898542
Haibin Jin, Jing Wu, Li You, Zhiyuan Hu
For high-frequency resistive voltage divider, the distributed parameter model was studied and the key factors affecting its performance were discussed. The high-frequency characteristics of typical outer structure of voltage divider were simulated by ANSYS software. According to the reflection coefficient, VSWR and return loss, an optimized structure of divider for high frequency is presented.
{"title":"Research on key technology on designing high-frequency resistive voltage divider design","authors":"Haibin Jin, Jing Wu, Li You, Zhiyuan Hu","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898542","url":null,"abstract":"For high-frequency resistive voltage divider, the distributed parameter model was studied and the key factors affecting its performance were discussed. The high-frequency characteristics of typical outer structure of voltage divider were simulated by ANSYS software. According to the reflection coefficient, VSWR and return loss, an optimized structure of divider for high frequency is presented.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122004353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898258
Ying Li, Nozomi Ohtsubo, K. Matsubara, S. Nagano, K. Hayasaka
We report on the progress toward an indium ion optical frequency standard with an expected accuracy of 10-18. A 115In+ has been successfully prepared by sympathetic cooling with two laser-cooled 40Ca+ ions. The clock laser at 237 nm has been constructed as the forth harmonic of an amplified diode laser with a linewidth smaller than 0.9 Hz. After beam shaping and intensity stabilization a power over 10 mW is available for the clock transition (1S0-3P0) interrogation. Observation of the clock transition is in progress by employing the electron shelving method using the 1S0-3P1 transition at 230 nm.
{"title":"Development of an indium ion optical frequency standard","authors":"Ying Li, Nozomi Ohtsubo, K. Matsubara, S. Nagano, K. Hayasaka","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898258","url":null,"abstract":"We report on the progress toward an indium ion optical frequency standard with an expected accuracy of 10<sup>-18</sup>. A <sup>115</sup>In<sup>+</sup> has been successfully prepared by sympathetic cooling with two laser-cooled <sup>40</sup>Ca<sup>+</sup> ions. The clock laser at 237 nm has been constructed as the forth harmonic of an amplified diode laser with a linewidth smaller than 0.9 Hz. After beam shaping and intensity stabilization a power over 10 mW is available for the clock transition (<sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub>-<sup>3</sup>P<sub>0</sub>) interrogation. Observation of the clock transition is in progress by employing the electron shelving method using the <sup>1</sup>S<sub>0</sub>-<sup>3</sup>P<sub>1</sub> transition at 230 nm.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122526660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-10-02DOI: 10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898367
Dongxue Dai, Xiaobing He, Pan Jin, Wei Wang
This paper describes a constant temperature control system for high accuracy standard capacitors developed by NIM. The system includes a constant temperature slot and temperature control circuit. Structure, material and some techniques on reducing the heat transfer of the constant temperature slot are discussed. The temperature control circuit based on PID automation control technology is used to control the slot internal temperature. The system has the resolution of 0.002 °C and the fluctuation of ±0.01 °C, and can reduce capacitance variation of the standard capacitors when the environment temperature changes. The system can improve the standard capacitors with higher accuracy and better stability.
{"title":"Constant temperature control system of standard capacitors","authors":"Dongxue Dai, Xiaobing He, Pan Jin, Wei Wang","doi":"10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/CPEM.2014.6898367","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes a constant temperature control system for high accuracy standard capacitors developed by NIM. The system includes a constant temperature slot and temperature control circuit. Structure, material and some techniques on reducing the heat transfer of the constant temperature slot are discussed. The temperature control circuit based on PID automation control technology is used to control the slot internal temperature. The system has the resolution of 0.002 °C and the fluctuation of ±0.01 °C, and can reduce capacitance variation of the standard capacitors when the environment temperature changes. The system can improve the standard capacitors with higher accuracy and better stability.","PeriodicalId":256575,"journal":{"name":"29th Conference on Precision Electromagnetic Measurements (CPEM 2014)","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125459629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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