Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010132700002775
Riri Indah, Nitami Harahap, Darwin Yunus Nasution
: This research about the characterization physical properties and morphological ruberized asphalt paving block using asphalt as a binder replacement and utilization of natural resources such as bituminous coal and natural rubber latex concentrate (NRLC). This research aims to determine the optimum value of physical properties and learn the effect of morphological control on the paving block that have been prepared. Morphological control with varied the composition asphalt, bituminous coal, and natural rubber latex concentrate that mixed using by an internal mixer with addition of aggregates and additive agents such as dicumyl peroxide as an initiator and divinylbenzene as a crosslinker. After the mixing process, then the mixture on shaping/forming process. The result of physical properties obtained optimum value at the variation of composition asphalt : bituminous coal : natural rubber latex concentrate (70:25:5)(Paving Block E). The percentage of water absorption is 0.85 % and compressive strenght is 154.23 Kgf (0.605 Mpa). At this optimum variation of composition has been characterized the morphological using by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) which is the result of surface morphology showed the mixture compactly and most effective homogenity of the mixture.
{"title":"Characterization of Physical Properties and Morphological Ruberized Asphalt Paving Blocks based on Bituminous Coal and Concentrated Natural Rubber Latex","authors":"Riri Indah, Nitami Harahap, Darwin Yunus Nasution","doi":"10.5220/0010132700002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010132700002775","url":null,"abstract":": This research about the characterization physical properties and morphological ruberized asphalt paving block using asphalt as a binder replacement and utilization of natural resources such as bituminous coal and natural rubber latex concentrate (NRLC). This research aims to determine the optimum value of physical properties and learn the effect of morphological control on the paving block that have been prepared. Morphological control with varied the composition asphalt, bituminous coal, and natural rubber latex concentrate that mixed using by an internal mixer with addition of aggregates and additive agents such as dicumyl peroxide as an initiator and divinylbenzene as a crosslinker. After the mixing process, then the mixture on shaping/forming process. The result of physical properties obtained optimum value at the variation of composition asphalt : bituminous coal : natural rubber latex concentrate (70:25:5)(Paving Block E). The percentage of water absorption is 0.85 % and compressive strenght is 154.23 Kgf (0.605 Mpa). At this optimum variation of composition has been characterized the morphological using by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) which is the result of surface morphology showed the mixture compactly and most effective homogenity of the mixture.","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126571808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010612600002775
K. Nurtjahja, A. Pasaribu
{"title":"Anti-fungal Activity Methanolic Extract of Calliandra calothyrsus against Storage Fungi Isolated from Dried-stored Spices","authors":"K. Nurtjahja, A. Pasaribu","doi":"10.5220/0010612600002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010612600002775","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124506954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010614200002775
B. Cahyady, .. Suharman, M. Taufik, Z. Alfian, M. Razali, D. Ardilla
: The negative impact after the eruption of Mount Sinabung is the exposure of heavy metals to plants and animals around the mountain. The heavy metal commonly contained in vegetables is Arsenic. Many of the people around Mount Sinabung work as cabbage farmers. Cabbage plants that have many benefits, especially in medicine are purple cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L ). This work aims to analyze the levels of arsenic contained in purple cabbage after the eruption of Mount Sinabung. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. Sampling was carried out at 5 points of collection which is 50 m from Mount Sinabung. In this work, Dry destruction method was developed using HCl and nitric acid. Instrument Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers (AAS) equipped with Vapor Hydride Generation Acessories were developed to analyze Arsenic levels. At a wavelength of 193.7 nm, The concentration of arsenic in purple cabbage was obtained at the sampling points 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively: 0.4755, 0.5808, 0.6534, 0.5517, 0, 5481 mg / Kg. This result is lower than the maximum limit of arsenic contamination in vegetables, which is 1.0 mg / Kg. (SNI No. 7387: 2009).
{"title":"Analysis of Arsenic in Purple cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. Capitata} L) after the Eruption of Mount Sinabung using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer","authors":"B. Cahyady, .. Suharman, M. Taufik, Z. Alfian, M. Razali, D. Ardilla","doi":"10.5220/0010614200002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010614200002775","url":null,"abstract":": The negative impact after the eruption of Mount Sinabung is the exposure of heavy metals to plants and animals around the mountain. The heavy metal commonly contained in vegetables is Arsenic. Many of the people around Mount Sinabung work as cabbage farmers. Cabbage plants that have many benefits, especially in medicine are purple cabbage ( Brassica oleracea var. Capitata L ). This work aims to analyze the levels of arsenic contained in purple cabbage after the eruption of Mount Sinabung. The sampling technique uses simple random sampling. Sampling was carried out at 5 points of collection which is 50 m from Mount Sinabung. In this work, Dry destruction method was developed using HCl and nitric acid. Instrument Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometers (AAS) equipped with Vapor Hydride Generation Acessories were developed to analyze Arsenic levels. At a wavelength of 193.7 nm, The concentration of arsenic in purple cabbage was obtained at the sampling points 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 respectively: 0.4755, 0.5808, 0.6534, 0.5517, 0, 5481 mg / Kg. This result is lower than the maximum limit of arsenic contamination in vegetables, which is 1.0 mg / Kg. (SNI No. 7387: 2009).","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124509899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010152300002775
S. Gea, .. Andriayani, A. Haryono, Abdul Malik, Reka Mustika Sari, Junifa Layla Sihombing, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Rachmad Fauzi, Boy Attaurrazaq
: Recently, for its direct use as a renewable energy resource of pyrolysis biomass, liquid smoke has received increased attention. Unfornatunately, the composition of liquid smoke is very complex that cause to obvious changes in chemical properties of the liquid smoke. Therefore, the hydrodeoxygenation method required to handle this issue. The Objective of this research was the hydrodeoxygenation of liquid smoke to remove oxygenated compounds with decreased concentration of ketones and increased phenol concentration using sarulla natural zeolite dialuminated with 3M, 5M and 7M HCl concentrations at 90°C in the H 2 atmosphere. Characterization of hydrodeoxygenation product was analyzed content by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed a decrease in phenol content and a rise in carbonyl at 7 M HCl dealumination while 5 M HCl dealumination increased phenol content and reduced carbonyl compounds. Treatment with concentration of 5 M HCl results in a better content of liquid smoke.
近年来，液态烟因其作为热解生物质的可再生能源而受到越来越多的关注。不幸的是，液体烟雾的成分非常复杂，导致液体烟雾的化学性质发生了明显的变化。因此，需要采用加氢脱氧法来处理此问题。本研究的目的是在90°C的h2气氛中，利用3M、5M和7M HCl浓度的双铝化天然沸石对液体烟雾进行加氢脱氧，去除酮浓度降低、酚浓度增加的含氧化合物。采用气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS)分析了加氢脱氧产物的含量。结果表明，7 M HCl脱铝处理后，苯酚含量降低，羰基含量升高，而5 M HCl脱铝处理后，苯酚含量升高，羰基含量降低。用浓度为5 M的HCl处理可使烟液含量提高。
{"title":"Effect of Variation HCl Concentration on Natural Zeolite Dealumination to the Content of Liquid Smoke Compounds by Hydrodeoxygenation Process","authors":"S. Gea, .. Andriayani, A. Haryono, Abdul Malik, Reka Mustika Sari, Junifa Layla Sihombing, Ahmad Nasir Pulungan, Rachmad Fauzi, Boy Attaurrazaq","doi":"10.5220/0010152300002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010152300002775","url":null,"abstract":": Recently, for its direct use as a renewable energy resource of pyrolysis biomass, liquid smoke has received increased attention. Unfornatunately, the composition of liquid smoke is very complex that cause to obvious changes in chemical properties of the liquid smoke. Therefore, the hydrodeoxygenation method required to handle this issue. The Objective of this research was the hydrodeoxygenation of liquid smoke to remove oxygenated compounds with decreased concentration of ketones and increased phenol concentration using sarulla natural zeolite dialuminated with 3M, 5M and 7M HCl concentrations at 90°C in the H 2 atmosphere. Characterization of hydrodeoxygenation product was analyzed content by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed a decrease in phenol content and a rise in carbonyl at 7 M HCl dealumination while 5 M HCl dealumination increased phenol content and reduced carbonyl compounds. Treatment with concentration of 5 M HCl results in a better content of liquid smoke.","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130338337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010182800002775
T. Sucipto, R. Widyorini, T. A. Prayitno, G. Lukmandaru
: Gambir is the extract of leaves sap and young twigs of gambir plants, which contains tannin.Gambir-formaldehyde adhesives have been applied to the particleboards, butsome properties of particleboard produced did not meetthe standard.In this study, gambir adhesives (without formaldehyde) were applied to the bamboo particleboard.The dimension of particleboard was 25x25x1 cm, and the board density target was set at 0.8 g/cm3. Three kinds of adhesive levels (10, 20, 30%) and four kinds of hot-press temperature (160, 180, 200, 220 o C) were used for particleboard production. The research aimed to investigatethe effect of gambir adhesive level and hot-press temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of the bambooparticleboard. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboards were then evaluated and compared to the JIS A5908-2003 standard.The study showed that adhesive level and hot-press temperature affected significantly on thickness swelling, water absorption, internal bond, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticityof particleboard, while the effect of an adhesive level factor was also significant on density properties.Interaction between adhesive level and hot-press temperature factor only affected significantly on water absorption. Particleboards with hot-press temperatures of 200 o C and 220 o C have better properties than others.The high hot-press temperature has exceeded the melting point of the catechin (174-178 o C), furthermore, the gambir adhesive becomes hardened and cured. The most optimal bamboo particleboard is particleboard with 220 o C hot-press temperature and adhesive level of 30%, based on the best of particleboard properties compared to JIS A5908-2003.
{"title":"The Effect of Gambir Adhesive Level and Hot Press Temperature on Physical and Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Particleboard","authors":"T. Sucipto, R. Widyorini, T. A. Prayitno, G. Lukmandaru","doi":"10.5220/0010182800002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010182800002775","url":null,"abstract":": Gambir is the extract of leaves sap and young twigs of gambir plants, which contains tannin.Gambir-formaldehyde adhesives have been applied to the particleboards, butsome properties of particleboard produced did not meetthe standard.In this study, gambir adhesives (without formaldehyde) were applied to the bamboo particleboard.The dimension of particleboard was 25x25x1 cm, and the board density target was set at 0.8 g/cm3. Three kinds of adhesive levels (10, 20, 30%) and four kinds of hot-press temperature (160, 180, 200, 220 o C) were used for particleboard production. The research aimed to investigatethe effect of gambir adhesive level and hot-press temperature on the physical and mechanical properties of the bambooparticleboard. The physical and mechanical properties of particleboards were then evaluated and compared to the JIS A5908-2003 standard.The study showed that adhesive level and hot-press temperature affected significantly on thickness swelling, water absorption, internal bond, modulus of rupture and modulus of elasticityof particleboard, while the effect of an adhesive level factor was also significant on density properties.Interaction between adhesive level and hot-press temperature factor only affected significantly on water absorption. Particleboards with hot-press temperatures of 200 o C and 220 o C have better properties than others.The high hot-press temperature has exceeded the melting point of the catechin (174-178 o C), furthermore, the gambir adhesive becomes hardened and cured. The most optimal bamboo particleboard is particleboard with 220 o C hot-press temperature and adhesive level of 30%, based on the best of particleboard properties compared to JIS A5908-2003.","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125738428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010613200002775
Ngalo Putri Ginting, K. Nurtjahja
: This study was conducted to investigate contamination of Aspergillus flavus strains in distribution chains of candlenut ( Aleuritaes moluccana ). Dried-stored unshelled candlenut were collected from farmers, collectors and distributors at 3 Ragencies in North Sumatra (Regency of Karo, Deli Serdang and Langkat) during harvest period (February to April 2019). One and half kilogram of candlenut was taken from each of the distribution chains. Kernel moisture content were determined by distillation. Population each of A. flavus strain was enumerated by a dilution method followed by a pour plate in dichloran 18% glycerol agar (DG18) medium. Culture method in agar medium containing 10% coconut milk was used to determine toxigenicity of A. flavus . Their toxigenicity also was determined molecularly using specific primers for amplifying regulatory ( aflR ) and structural genes ( nor-1, ver-1, omt-1 ) that determine aflatoxin biosynthesis. Results showed that moisture content of candlenut kernels at the level of farmers, collectors and distributors in Regency of Karo, Deli Serang and Langkat was above 5%. A total of 38 strains of A. flavus were isolated and 37 of the strains were toxigenic (aflatoxin producers). The average of A. flavus population (cfu/g) on candlenut at farmers was the lowest and the highest population was at distributor chain.
{"title":"Toxigenic and Non-toxigenic Aspergillus Flavus Strains Isolated from Candlenut (Aleurites Moluccana) in North Sumatera","authors":"Ngalo Putri Ginting, K. Nurtjahja","doi":"10.5220/0010613200002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010613200002775","url":null,"abstract":": This study was conducted to investigate contamination of Aspergillus flavus strains in distribution chains of candlenut ( Aleuritaes moluccana ). Dried-stored unshelled candlenut were collected from farmers, collectors and distributors at 3 Ragencies in North Sumatra (Regency of Karo, Deli Serdang and Langkat) during harvest period (February to April 2019). One and half kilogram of candlenut was taken from each of the distribution chains. Kernel moisture content were determined by distillation. Population each of A. flavus strain was enumerated by a dilution method followed by a pour plate in dichloran 18% glycerol agar (DG18) medium. Culture method in agar medium containing 10% coconut milk was used to determine toxigenicity of A. flavus . Their toxigenicity also was determined molecularly using specific primers for amplifying regulatory ( aflR ) and structural genes ( nor-1, ver-1, omt-1 ) that determine aflatoxin biosynthesis. Results showed that moisture content of candlenut kernels at the level of farmers, collectors and distributors in Regency of Karo, Deli Serang and Langkat was above 5%. A total of 38 strains of A. flavus were isolated and 37 of the strains were toxigenic (aflatoxin producers). The average of A. flavus population (cfu/g) on candlenut at farmers was the lowest and the highest population was at distributor chain.","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"690 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133970758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010205300002775
Sabarmin Perangin-angin, Sajidah Chairi
: 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine and 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compounds have been synthesized through the Mannich reaction. The 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine compound was synthesized by reacting eugenol, 37% formaldehyde, and propylamine under conditions of reflux with ethanol solvents at 78ºC for 6 hours obtained compounds of 6,116 grams (82.54%). The formation of 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine compound characterized by FT-IR obtained CN stretching vibration at wave number 1242.16 cm-1 and peak molecular ion m/e 247 through GC-MS analysis. The 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compound was synthesized by reacting eugenol, 37% formaldehyde, and 40% dimethylamine under reflux conditions with ethanol solvents at 78ºC for 90 minutes and obtained compounds of 5,728 grams (86.39%). 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compound characterized by FT-IR obtained CN and OH stretch vibrations at wave numbers 1242.16 cm-1 and 3410.15 cm-1 and molecular ion peaks m/e 221 through GC-MS analysis. Then the two antibacterial activity tests were carried out on the two compounds using Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli bacteria with various concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The results obtained showed that the 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine and 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compounds were classified as strong antibacterial.
{"title":"Synthesis of 6-Alyl-8-Methoxy-3-Propyl-1,3-Benzoxazine and 4-Alyl-6-(Dimetilamino)Methyl-2-Methoxy Phenol from Eugenol through Mannich Reaction and Antibacterial Activity Test","authors":"Sabarmin Perangin-angin, Sajidah Chairi","doi":"10.5220/0010205300002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010205300002775","url":null,"abstract":": 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine and 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compounds have been synthesized through the Mannich reaction. The 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine compound was synthesized by reacting eugenol, 37% formaldehyde, and propylamine under conditions of reflux with ethanol solvents at 78ºC for 6 hours obtained compounds of 6,116 grams (82.54%). The formation of 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine compound characterized by FT-IR obtained CN stretching vibration at wave number 1242.16 cm-1 and peak molecular ion m/e 247 through GC-MS analysis. The 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compound was synthesized by reacting eugenol, 37% formaldehyde, and 40% dimethylamine under reflux conditions with ethanol solvents at 78ºC for 90 minutes and obtained compounds of 5,728 grams (86.39%). 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compound characterized by FT-IR obtained CN and OH stretch vibrations at wave numbers 1242.16 cm-1 and 3410.15 cm-1 and molecular ion peaks m/e 221 through GC-MS analysis. Then the two antibacterial activity tests were carried out on the two compounds using Streptococcus mutans and Escherichia coli bacteria with various concentrations of 10%, 20%, and 30%. The results obtained showed that the 6-alyl-8-methoxy-3-propyl-1,3-benzoxazine and 4-alyl-6-(dimethylamino) methyl-2-methoxy phenol compounds were classified as strong antibacterial.","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132468184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010204500002775
.. Nursal, A. Hardiansyah
: The research on the impact of the ethanol extract of M. micrantha leaf on the mortality, egg hatchability and larval growth of A. aegypti had been conducted using a Complete Randomized Design (CDR) with five treatments and replications. The mortality tests on 3rd instar larva with concentration treatments of the ethanol extract of M. micrantha leaves at 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%, and 0.1%generated a LC 50 value of 0.58%.The ethanol extract of M. micrantha leaves at a sub-lethal concentration of 0,1%,0,2%,0,3%,0,4%,0,5%indicated a significant impact on the mortality, egg hatchability and larval growth (p≤0,05).A sublethal concentration at 0,4% of the plant was effective in suppressing the egg hatchability at a percentage of 41,6%, larval development into pupa at a percentage of 19.5% and pupae transformation into imago a percentage of 63,3%.
{"title":"The Influence of the Ethanol Extract of Bitter Vine (Mikania micrantha Kunth.) on the Mortality, the Hatchability of the Eggs and the Larval Growth of Aedes aegypti Linn.","authors":".. Nursal, A. Hardiansyah","doi":"10.5220/0010204500002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010204500002775","url":null,"abstract":": The research on the impact of the ethanol extract of M. micrantha leaf on the mortality, egg hatchability and larval growth of A. aegypti had been conducted using a Complete Randomized Design (CDR) with five treatments and replications. The mortality tests on 3rd instar larva with concentration treatments of the ethanol extract of M. micrantha leaves at 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%, and 0.1%generated a LC 50 value of 0.58%.The ethanol extract of M. micrantha leaves at a sub-lethal concentration of 0,1%,0,2%,0,3%,0,4%,0,5%indicated a significant impact on the mortality, egg hatchability and larval growth (p≤0,05).A sublethal concentration at 0,4% of the plant was effective in suppressing the egg hatchability at a percentage of 41,6%, larval development into pupa at a percentage of 19.5% and pupae transformation into imago a percentage of 63,3%.","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132997399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0009873600002775
Tiamina Rahayu, Yunita Sari Nasution, Anggi Lubis, Al Ridha, Agus Lubis, Kembaren Rini, Selly Ahmad Nasir, Pulungan
: Rubber seed oil is a non-edible oil that is very potential as a biodiesel feedstock. The synthesis of biodiesel from rubber seed oil was done by reaction of esterification free fatty acid (FFAs) and transesterification of Triglycerides (TGs) in a single step, which used heterogeneous catalysts. Zeolite is one type of catalyst that has been developed for this process. In this study the catalyst was prepared using Indonesian natural zeolite (ZAK). To increase catalytic activity, zeolite catalyst was loaded with zirconium (Zr) by wet impregnation method, followed by the process of calcination and oxidation at a temperature of 400 o C for 1 hours with gas flow of O 2 and N 2 . ZAK and ZrO 2 /ZAK catalysts were characterized by XRD and SEM-EDS. The catalyst produced has good crystallinity as seen from sharp peaks with high intensity and high levels of Si. The catalyst activity test was done in the process of converting rubber seed oil into biodiesel. The reaction process was carried out at a temperature of 100 o C with a variety of catalyst concentrations: oil1: 2, 1: 4, and 1: 6 and the reaction time varied by 30, 60, and 90 minutes. The most optimum process of biodiesel produced at the ratio of catalyst 1 : 2 with reaction time of 30 minutes showed the biodiesel yield of 67,95%. Biodiesel products were tested for water content, FFA, and density of each is 0,09%, 2,15%, dan 0,89 g/cm 3 . GC analysis shows that the main composition of biodiesel consists of diesel fraction (C 16 -C 20 ) with the most components being methyl linoleic 38,82% and methyl oleat 22,33%.
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Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.5220/0010133100002775
Hamdan Azhari, Emma Zaidar Nasution, Rumondang Bulan Nasution
{"title":"Bioethanol Production from Lindur Fruit (Burguiera Gymnorrhiza) Strach with Variation of Inoculum Volume of Zymomonas Mobilis","authors":"Hamdan Azhari, Emma Zaidar Nasution, Rumondang Bulan Nasution","doi":"10.5220/0010133100002775","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5220/0010133100002775","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":257157,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 1st International MIPAnet Conference on Science and Mathematics","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127886312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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