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“Decent Human Life” as a Category of Constitutional Law 作为宪法范畴的“人的体面生活”
Natalja N. Averyanova, E. Toguzaeva, N. Tyumeneva, S. Yakusheva
The article is devoted to analysing the content of such a category of constitutional law as "a decent human life". It is determined that its legal institutionalisation is the result of the evolutionary development of Russia and other states that have taken as a basis the recognition of a person, his civil liberties, as the highest value. The category's content under the study is primarily determined from a formal legal approach, based on a literal interpretation of Article 7 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation. It is concluded that in this regard, the category of "decent human life" reflects the degree of his social security, depending on the effectiveness of ensuring social rights and the implementation of social policy of the state. However, the deeper content of the analysed category allowed us to formulate an axiological approach. According to it, the human right to a decent life, which is not formally enshrined in the text of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, is revealed, the content of which should include all aspects of human life and activity, and not only social ones, the guarantee of which provides him with a quality of life that will allow him to define his life as worthy. It is concluded that the right to a decent life has a unique legal nature different from other constitutional rights. It is defined as a right-purpose, and other constitutional rights in this context are understood as rights-resources to ensure
本文致力于分析“体面的人的生活”这一类宪法的内容。它确定其法律制度化是俄罗斯和其他国家逐步发展的结果,这些国家将承认个人及其公民自由作为最高价值的基础。研究中这一类别的内容主要是根据对俄罗斯联邦宪法第7条的字面解释,从正式的法律途径确定的。由此得出结论,“体面的人的生活”的范畴反映了他的社会保障程度,取决于国家保障社会权利的有效性和社会政策的执行。然而,分析范畴的更深层次的内容允许我们制定一个价值论的方法。它认为,《俄罗斯联邦宪法》案文没有正式规定享有体面生活的人权,其内容应包括人的生活和活动的所有方面,而不仅仅是社会方面,其保障为他提供一种生活质量,使他能够确定自己的生活是有价值的。结论是,体面生活权具有不同于其他宪法权利的独特的法律性质。它被定义为一种权利-目的,而在此背景下的其他宪法权利被理解为权利-资源来确保
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引用次数: 0
Psychological Conditions of Professional Self-realisation of Pre-retirement Age People 退休前人群职业自我实现的心理状况
Vostokova Julia, Dvornikova Irina
The article deals with the problem of psychological support of professional self-realisation of pre-retirement age people. The psychological features of the personality in the pre-retirement age, determining the key changes in professional activity, are analysed. The article presents the results of a diagnostic study of social values and preferences, features of self-realisation, mental states in the pre-retirement age. This category of people is characterised by unpreparedness for drastic changes in a valuable professional life, high anxiety, which confirmed the need for psychological help. Based on the analysis of psychological and pedagogical literature, the results of psychological diagnostics, a program of psychological support for professional self-realisation of people of preretirement age was developed and implemented in the practice of the Employment Centre, the successful implementation of which allowed formulating several conditions for the psychological provision of professional selfrealisation of people of pre-retirement age.
本文探讨了退休前人群职业自我实现的心理支持问题。分析了决定职业活动关键变化的退休前人格心理特征。本文介绍了一项关于社会价值观和偏好、自我实现特征、退休前心理状态的诊断研究结果。这类人的特点是对宝贵的职业生涯中的剧烈变化没有准备,高度焦虑,这证实了心理帮助的需要。基于对心理学和教育学文献的分析,以及心理诊断的结果,在就业中心的实践中制定并实施了一项针对退休前年龄人群职业自我实现的心理支持计划,该计划的成功实施为退休前年龄人群职业自我实现的心理提供了几个条件。
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引用次数: 0
Fisheries Education as a Basis for the Formation of the Human Potential of the Fishing Industry of the Republic of Karelia 渔业教育作为卡累利阿共和国渔业人力潜力形成的基础
A. Volkova
The article presents materials on the state of the fisheries complex of the Republic of Karelia and the peculiarities of personnel training for this industry at Petrozavodsk State University. It was noted that in the process of developing aquaculture and increasing the production of fish products from 2001 to 2021, the system of training students was improved, educational programs of various levels were developed, allowing the production of in-demand specialists. As a result, the high importance of PetrSU in providing personnel for an actively developing industry in the region is shown. The article analyses educational programs of different levels. It is noted that modern educational technologies are used in the learning process, good material and the technical, scientific and practical base is used. The training of qualified personnel is of great importance is also a high level of practice-orientation of all programs and active participation in the training of enterprises of the fisheries complex. Thanks to this, the most important professional competencies necessary for graduates at the present stage are implemented when teaching students. This experience allows us to train high-level specialists and thus actively participate in developing the fisheries complex of the Republic of Karelia, forming its human potential.
这篇文章介绍了卡累利阿共和国渔业综合体的状况以及彼得罗扎沃茨克国立大学对该行业人员培训的特点。会议指出,2001年至2021年期间,在发展水产养殖和增加水产品产量的过程中,完善了学生培训制度,制定了各级教育方案,能够培养所需的专业人才。因此,PetrSU在为该地区积极发展的工业提供人才方面的高度重要性得到了体现。本文分析了不同层次的教育方案。指出在学习过程中使用现代教育技术,使用良好的材料和技术、科学和实践基础。培训合格的人才是非常重要的,也是一个高水平的实践导向的所有方案和积极参与培训的企业的渔业综合体。正因为如此,现阶段毕业生所需要的最重要的专业能力在教学中得到了体现。这一经验使我们能够培训高水平的专家,从而积极参与发展卡累利阿共和国的渔业综合体,形成其人力潜力。
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引用次数: 0
The Importance of Fixing the Poverty Threshold for the Formation of a Sustainable Economy 确定贫困线对形成可持续经济的重要性
Alla Leonidova, M. Ozerova, A. Sharopatova
Implementing the concept of sustainable development in practice requires an adequate definition of the boundary (threshold) of poverty. Poverty is a twofold phenomenon, on the one hand, it is the result of the current wage system; on the other hand, it is the basis for the formation of the labour force and its goals in the labour market in the future, i.e. in fact, the possibilities of sustainable economic development. Based on this basis, the paper analyses the approaches to determining the poverty threshold used in foreign and domestic practice, assesses the possibility of their use for an actual assessment of the poverty threshold in Russia in modern conditions, considering the challenges facing our economy. The current economic situation in 2020-2021 in connection with the COVID-19 pandemic and the unfolding inflation has sharply exacerbated the problem of poverty and, in our opinion, confirm the incorrectness (within the framework of the goal of forming a sustainable economy) of using the median wage to fix the poverty threshold.
在实践中执行可持续发展的概念需要对贫穷的边界(门槛)作出适当的定义。贫困是一种双重现象,一方面,它是现行工资制度的结果;另一方面,它是劳动力的形成及其未来在劳动力市场上的目标的基础,即实际上是可持续经济发展的可能性。在此基础上,本文分析了国外和国内实践中使用的确定贫困线的方法,并考虑到我国经济面临的挑战,评估了它们在现代条件下用于实际评估俄罗斯贫困线的可能性。2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)大流行和不断加剧的通货膨胀导致2020-2021年的当前经济形势急剧加剧了贫困问题,我们认为,这证实了(在形成可持续经济的目标框架内)使用工资中位数来确定贫困门槛的不正确。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of Factors Motivating to Learn a Foreign Language in Additional Education Courses 在补习课程中学习外语的动因分析
N. Podporina, Anna Kuklina, L. Gerasimova
Additional education provides expanding career opportunities and a variety of professional prospects. The professional retraining program "Translator in the field of professional communication" developed and implemented at the Siberian State University of Science and Technology named after Academician M.F. Reshetnev meets modern requirements for the training of high-level specialists and the needs of the personnel market. The paper considers the aspects of analysing the reasons and factors motivating students to learn a foreign language in professional retraining courses. Surveys of the participants of the educational process were carried out. Their purpose was to clarify the motives and goals of additional learning a foreign language as a tool in the professional sphere and the participants' perception of the effectiveness of obtaining the required knowledge. The features of the formation of consumer demand for the program offered by the university were studied. The analysis of the structure of groups and the dynamics of their enrolment were carried out. The survey data were processed by standard methods of statistical analysis. Such programs supported by partnerships with foreign educational organisations play a significant role in the development of an educational institution as a way to form its image.
额外的教育提供了扩展的职业机会和各种专业前景。西伯利亚国立科技大学以M.F. Reshetnev院士命名的专业再培训项目“专业交流领域的翻译”满足了现代高层次专家培训的要求和人才市场的需求。本文从分析学生在职业再培训课程中学习外语的原因和因素两个方面进行了探讨。对教育过程的参与者进行了调查。他们的目的是澄清额外学习外语作为专业领域工具的动机和目标,以及参与者对获得所需知识的有效性的看法。研究了大学课程消费者需求形成的特点。分析了群体结构和他们的招生动态。调查数据采用标准的统计分析方法进行处理。与国外教育机构合作支持的此类项目在教育机构的发展中发挥着重要作用,是形成其形象的一种方式。
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引用次数: 0
Theoretical Aspects of Fitness Trainer Training 健身教练培训的理论方面
S. Serper, O. Buranok
The article is devoted to such a complex issue as the theoretical and methodological basis for training a future trainerteacher. The topic of approaches to this problem in modern pedagogy, primarily in the framework of higher education, is considered. In addition, contradictions in contemporary higher education regarding fitness are revealed. The authors proceed from the fact that the study of the theoretical aspects of training professional fitness trainers in higher education will not only help solve the problem of students' interest in physical education and sports but will also allow a more comprehensive approach to the practical implementation of state programs of the Russian Federation to preserve the health of the nation. It is proved that a complex of closely related factors impacts the pedagogical conditions of training future trainer-teachers. The decisive factors for the introduction of a new concept for the training of trainer-teachers in the study are the interaction of state structures responsible for the implementation of educational and sports policy with private fitness centres; the interaction of fitness centres and higher education in terms of advanced training courses and master's degree programs.
本文探讨了未来培训师培训的理论和方法基础这一复杂问题。在现代教育学中,主要是在高等教育的框架中,考虑了解决这一问题的方法。同时也揭示了当代高等教育在健身方面存在的矛盾。作者认为,在高等教育中培养专业健身教练的理论方面的研究不仅有助于解决学生对体育和运动的兴趣问题,而且可以更全面地解决俄罗斯联邦国家计划的实际实施,以保持民族的健康。事实证明,影响未来培训师培训教学条件的因素是一系列密切相关的因素。在研究中引入培训教练教师新概念的决定性因素是负责执行教育和体育政策的国家机构与私人健身中心之间的相互作用;健身中心与高等教育在高级培训课程和硕士学位课程方面的互动。
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引用次数: 0
A Model for the Development of the Key Competence of Specialists of a Network Self-learning University 网络自学大学专家核心能力培养模式研究
Belova Elena, V. Irina, Tayurskiy Anatoly
Modern challenges and increasing requirements for the effectiveness of higher education organisations actualise the search for new solutions. The authors see such a solution in developing the key competence of specialists of the innovative network self-learning university. The research aims at theoretical substantiation and development of a predictive model for developing the key competence of specialists of a network self-learning university. A new approach is proposed to improve the effectiveness and competitiveness of the university through the continuous development of the key competence of its specialists on a motivational and value basis in the process of creating a network self-learning university. As the key competence of university specialists, we consider their key managerial competence, which depends on the solution of complex professional tasks and the successful management of their professional activities. The methodological basis was competence-based and axiological approaches. Based on the results of the analysis of scientific literature, the results of the experiment, the professional tasks of three groups of specialists of the network self-learning university were determined, and the key universal professional tasks for them were identified. As a modelling result, the structure of the key managerial competence of specialists of a network self-learning university and a model for developing this competence has been developed. The essence of the concepts of "network self-learning university", "key managerial competence of university specialists" is revealed; the structure of key managerial competence of specialists is substantiated, and the predictive model of continuous development of this competence is characterised, which reflects this development process in the conditions of the motivational and value basis of ongoing formal, informal and informational professional education.
现代挑战和对高等教育机构有效性的日益增长的要求促使人们寻求新的解决方案。这是创新型网络自学大学培养专业人才核心能力的解决之道。本研究旨在为网络自学大学专家核心能力的发展提供理论依据和预测模型。提出了在创建网络自学大学的过程中,以激励和价值为基础,通过不断发展专家的核心能力来提高大学的有效性和竞争力的新途径。作为大学专家的关键能力,我们认为他们的关键管理能力取决于复杂专业任务的解决和专业活动的成功管理。方法基础是基于能力和价值论的方法。在科学文献分析结果和实验结果的基础上,确定了网络自学大学三组专家的专业任务,并确定了他们的重点共性专业任务。在此基础上,建立了网络自主学习大学专家核心管理能力的结构和培养模式。揭示了“网络自学大学”、“高校专家关键管理能力”等概念的内涵;实证了专家关键管理能力的结构,刻画了专家关键管理能力持续发展的预测模型,反映了专家关键管理能力在持续的正规、非正规和信息化专业教育的动机和价值基础条件下的发展过程。
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引用次数: 0
The Collective Activity of Schoolchildren in Cooperation Groups as a Step Towards Social Interaction 学童在合作小组中的集体活动是迈向社会互动的一步
E. Kotova, E. Saveleva, E. Lineva, A. Leontieva
To understand the essence of learning in cooperation and effectively use it in the educational process, the teacher must take into account the fact that the application of this pedagogical technology requires a particular preparation stage, at which the teacher needs to master the methodology of forming small groups of cooperation for the training to be fruitful and motivate students to master the subject. Collaborative learning is a more complex form of organising students' activities, as opposed to individual and pair work, because in addition to achieving academic results, students have to learn to work in a team, i.e. to master a set of social skills. Any team is a fusion of different characters and temperaments, habits and preferences. Joint activity is not complete without conflicts and disagreements, the resolution of which is carried out in conditions of conflicting interests and motives of its participants. The long-term and successful work of the student group can be ensured by its competent formation. Considering the criteria highlighted by the authors of the article will allow the teacher to create cooperation groups that can successfully complete any teamwork, achieve the highest results in realising the intellectual capabilities of each member of the group, and minimise interpersonal conflicts. Well-formed cooperation groups are the basis for long-term friendly contacts between students. Working as a single team contributes to the formation and improvement of social skills necessary for each student to make a successful career in the future, become a worthy citizen and a full-fledged member of society.
要理解合作学习的本质,并将其有效地运用到教育过程中,教师必须考虑到,这种教学技术的应用需要一个特定的准备阶段,在这个阶段,教师需要掌握形成合作小组的方法,使培训富有成效,并激励学生掌握学科。协作学习是组织学生活动的一种更复杂的形式,与个人和结对工作相反,因为除了取得学术成果外,学生还必须学会在团队中工作,即掌握一套社交技能。任何团队都是不同性格和气质、习惯和偏好的融合。没有冲突和分歧的联合活动是不完整的,其解决是在参与者的利益和动机相互冲突的情况下进行的。学生群体的有效组建是保证学生群体长期成功工作的重要保证。考虑到文章作者强调的标准将允许教师创建合作小组,可以成功地完成任何团队合作,在实现小组中每个成员的智力能力方面取得最高成果,并最大限度地减少人际冲突。组织良好的合作小组是学生之间长期友好交往的基础。作为一个单一的团队工作有助于形成和提高社会技能,这是每个学生在未来取得成功的职业生涯,成为一个有价值的公民和一个成熟的社会成员所必需的。
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引用次数: 0
The Innovative Basis of the Growing Small and Medium-sized Businesses 中小企业成长的创新基础
Lesya Bozhko
The growth of the organisation, expressed in revenue and the number of staff increase, has a positive effect on the socioeconomic indicators of the country. The firm's innovative activity as a factor of intensive growth in current conditions is beyond doubt but requires additional analysis to ensure it, considering the problems of growing organisations. Identification of innovation-based success factors and solutions to the problems of growing companies are topical management issues. The study aims to determine the factors of innovative development that would be the basis for ensuring the growth of small and medium-sized organisations. By methods of selective observation and in-depth structured interviews with representatives of small and medium-sized businesses, approx. three hundred organisations from Russian regions were surveyed, growth factors based on innovations were determined. The study results allow us to see the problems of growth of firms and choose possible solutions in the field of innovation management when making investment decisions. This will smooth out the economic instability of the business during the period of growth and create sustainable competitive advantages.
该组织的增长,表现在收入和员工数量的增加,对该国的社会经济指标产生了积极影响。在当前条件下,公司的创新活动作为集约化增长的一个因素是毋庸置疑的,但考虑到成长型组织的问题,需要额外的分析来确保这一点。识别基于创新的成功因素和解决成长型公司的问题是热门的管理问题。该研究旨在确定创新发展的因素,这将是确保中小型组织成长的基础。通过对中小企业代表的选择性观察和深度结构化访谈的方法,对来自俄罗斯各地的300家组织进行了调查,确定了基于创新的增长因素。研究结果使我们在进行投资决策时能够看到企业成长的问题,并在创新管理领域选择可能的解决方案。这将消除企业在增长期间的经济不稳定性,并创造可持续的竞争优势。
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引用次数: 1
Modern Education: Immersive Discourse 现代教育:沉浸式话语
L. Bykasova, M. Kravchenko, E. Kamenskaya, Margarita V. Krevsoun, I. Samoilova
From the essential approach position, the article examines the modern educational organization formation and functioning as a scientific, educational, training, socio-cultural object that meets the needs of a society; the domestic pedagogical education development priorities and directions are determined; the prospects for the formation of the modern pedagogical knowledge are exposed: digitalization, network interaction, remote type of information transfer, subject’s generation of all possible alternatives to identify the individual balance of the personality; the dynamics and methodological optics of the modern university research process is analyzed; the ways of the pedagogical education available resources rational use are discussed; the methodological practice and the ways of the new practices subsequent multiplication in the university education system, are reflected; the factors, influencing the quality of the modern subject education are established; the toolkit of specialist’s training and education, demanded by the labor market, is investigated; an approach is implemented, identifying a modern student in his development, which helps to determine the pedagogical substance movement nature, to recreate a holistic picture of the available reserves and means necessary for the personality education at a qualitative level.
本文从本质途径的立场出发,考察了现代教育组织作为满足社会需要的科学、教育、培训和社会文化对象的形成及其功能;确定了国内教育学教育发展重点和方向;现代教学知识形成的前景是:数字化、网络交互、远程式信息传递、主体的一切可能替代生成以识别个性的个体平衡;分析了现代大学研究过程的动态性和方法论光学;探讨了师范教育现有资源合理利用的途径;体现了大学教育系统的方法论实践和新实践后续倍增的途径;确立了影响现代学科教育质量的因素;研究了劳动力市场对专业人才培训和教育的需求;本文采用了一种方法,在现代学生的发展过程中对其进行识别,这有助于确定教学物质的运动性质,并在定性层面上重建人格教育所需的可用储备和手段的整体图景。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021)
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