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Proceedings of the IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021)最新文献

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Digital Ecosystems in the Socio-anthropological Dimension 社会人类学维度的数字生态系统
T. Naumova
The characteristic of the new social structure known as the concept of Society 5.0 in the context of total digitalisation of all spheres of social life is given. The consonance of the Society model 5.0. to the ideas of transhumanism in the views on the formation of the posthuman as a person of the coming digital era, preserving his biological essence and anthropological attributes is revealed. It is shown that the latest digital technologies are designed according to the principle of organisation of natural biological systems, in particular, computer neural networks, evolutionary computing, genetic programming, digital ecosystems simulate neural connections in the biological brain, the biosphere principle of natural selection, chromosomal mutations in living cells, the structure of natural objects, etc. The features of adaptive management as a way of self-organisation of digital ecosystems are formulated: modular structure, compatibility of products and technologies, multi-vector communications, actions of all system participants according to unified protocols. The social and personal risks of digitalisation are highlighted. The prerequisites of the potential problem of the imbalance of artificial and human intelligence from the position of the current ethical norms are outlined. The need for socio-humanitarian diagnostics and ontological examination of the prospects of human compatibility with the new digital reality is substantiated.
在社会生活所有领域全面数字化的背景下,被称为社会5.0概念的新社会结构的特征被给出。社会模型5.0的一致性。关于后人类作为即将到来的数字时代的人的形成观点中的超人类主义思想,揭示了保留其生物学本质和人类学属性。研究表明,最新的数字技术是根据自然生物系统的组织原理设计的,特别是计算机神经网络、进化计算、遗传规划、数字生态系统模拟生物大脑中的神经连接、生物圈自然选择原理、活细胞中的染色体突变、自然物体的结构等。阐述了自适应管理作为数字生态系统自组织方式的特点:模块化结构、产品和技术的兼容性、多向量通信、所有系统参与者根据统一协议的行动。报告强调了数字化带来的社会和个人风险。从当前伦理规范的角度,概述了人工智能与人类智能失衡这一潜在问题产生的前提条件。社会人道主义诊断和对人类与新数字现实兼容性前景的本体论检查的需要得到证实。
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引用次数: 0
The Organisation of Comprehensive Remote Support of Pre-school Children with Speech Disorders 学前言语障碍儿童综合远程支援组织
N. Borisova, Tatyana E. Zakharova, L. Pepik
The article is devoted to the issues of assisting children with speech disorders in current conditions, considering the emerging social and epidemiological risks. The authors consider the problem of organising and improving the effectiveness of comprehensive support for children of this category. The article's content presents the results of studying the activities of teachers, specialists and parents on the organisation of comprehensive support for children with speech disorders. The data obtained indicate the presence of significant factors preventing the provision of systemic and comprehensive assistance necessary for children with speech disorders. These factors, in particular, include the lack of a sufficient number of specialists, the inconsistency of their training with modern requirements, the difficulties of interdisciplinary and interdepartmental interaction, territorial inaccessibility of correctional and educational services. To overcome these shortcomings, a remote model of comprehensive support for children with speech disorders was developed, its main structural components were disclosed. The article presents the possibilities of implementing a comprehensive support model for children with speech disorders in traditional and remote formats.
考虑到新出现的社会和流行病学风险,本文致力于在当前情况下帮助言语障碍儿童的问题。作者考虑了组织和提高对这一类儿童的综合支持的有效性的问题。这篇文章的内容介绍了研究教师、专家和家长在为言语障碍儿童组织全面支持方面的活动的结果。所获得的数据表明,存在一些重要因素妨碍为言语障碍儿童提供必要的系统和全面援助。这些因素特别包括缺乏足够数量的专家,他们的训练不符合现代要求,跨学科和部门间相互作用的困难,在领土上无法获得教养和教育服务。为了克服这些缺点,开发了一种远程语言障碍儿童综合支持模型,并揭示了其主要结构组成。文章介绍了在传统和远程格式中实施语言障碍儿童综合支持模型的可能性。
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引用次数: 0
Possibilities of using digital technologies in recruitment 在招聘中使用数字技术的可能性
A. Tasmukhanova, A. Dubinina, I. Zakharova
The article substantiates the need to introduce digital technologies into the recruitment and hiring system. According to the maturity model stages for attracting talent, which companies must pass to achieve professional maturity in recruitment, now in Russia, there are all prerequisites for using HR Digital. The proposed methodology of using Boolean search technology in the recruitment process for oil and gas companies is described. The matrix of the professional and technical competencies model developed by the authors is described. Using this matrix, it is proposed to assess HR specialists' proficiency in tools and technologies. The competence model is a set of key competencies that employees need to achieve the company's strategic goals successfully. The approbation of the developed recruitment algorithm is given on the example of LLC "RN-BashNIPIneft". The advantages of using a Boolean query were shown by the example of searching for candidates for a replacement position in the specified enterprise. Based on the study results, a preferred strategy for developing the recruitment system for 28 corporate research and design institutes was formed.
这篇文章证实了将数字技术引入招聘和雇佣系统的必要性。根据吸引人才的成熟度模型阶段,公司在招聘中必须经过这些阶段才能达到专业成熟度,现在在俄罗斯,使用HR Digital都有先决条件。提出了在油气公司招聘过程中使用布尔搜索技术的方法。描述了作者开发的专业和技术能力模型的矩阵。利用这个矩阵,建议评估人力资源专家对工具和技术的熟练程度。胜任力模型是员工成功实现公司战略目标所需的一系列关键胜任力。以有限责任公司“RN-BashNIPIneft”为例,对所开发的招聘算法进行了验证。使用布尔查询的优点通过在指定企业中搜索替代职位的候选人的示例来说明。以研究结果为基础,形成了28家企业研究设计院招聘制度发展的优先战略。
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引用次数: 0
Social Projects in the Activities of Commercial Enterprises and Organizations: Implementation Features 商业企业和组织活动中的社会项目:实施特征
S. Osadchaya
The paper points to the actualisation of the issues of social responsibility of enterprises and organizations operating in the context of the development of a socially-oriented economy and the use of social design in this regard as a tool for the implementation of social goals and programs in the context of the project management concept used. The work aims to obtain information about the possibility of implementing social projects by economic entities based on the experience of their implementation in the practice of managing economic entities. The study's working hypothesis assumes the importance and possibility of implementing social projects in the activities of organizations engaged in entrepreneurial activity both from the point of view of social and from the standpoint of economic efficiency. The assessment of the implemented social projects in the activities of a distribution company of regional significance allowed us to verify the reliability of the hypothesis put forward to identify problematic aspects of social design at the organizational level.
本文指出了在社会导向型经济发展的背景下,企业和组织的社会责任问题的实现,以及在项目管理概念的背景下,在这方面使用社会设计作为实施社会目标和计划的工具。这项工作的目的是根据经济实体管理实践中实施社会项目的经验,获取有关经济实体实施社会项目的可能性的信息。本研究的工作假设从社会和经济效率的角度出发,假设在从事创业活动的组织的活动中实施社会项目的重要性和可能性。对一家具有区域意义的分销公司活动中实施的社会项目的评估使我们能够验证所提出的假设的可靠性,以确定组织层面上社会设计的问题方面。
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引用次数: 0
Self-employment as a Form of Realisation of the Right to Freely Chosen Employment: Problems of Legal Regulation 自主创业是自由就业权的一种实现形式:法律规制问题
E. Orlova, K. Krylov, T. Soshnikova
The article is devoted to studying the problems of legal regulation of self-employment as a form of realising the right to freely chosen employment. It is noted that recent changes in the legislation of the Russian Federation have provoked positive trends in the "withdrawal of the self-employed from the shadow economy," however, there are still many unresolved problems. The author of the article conducts a study of some types of activities that can be attributed to the institute of self-employment. The author analyses narrow and broad approaches to self-employment, distinguishing between self-employment and entrepreneurship. The correlation of the concepts of "self-employed" and "self-supporting persons" is analysed, signs of self-employment as an activity are identified, and the circle of persons belonging to the self-employed who have the right to conduct the types of activities specified in the legislation is designated. New forms of self-employment are being investigated, which have been developing more and more recently. Summing up the research, it is proposed to consolidate the relevant norms in Russian legislation's legal regulation of self-employment.
本文致力于研究自主创业作为自由选择就业权利的一种实现形式的法律规制问题。委员会注意到,俄罗斯联邦立法最近的变化在“自营职业者从影子经济中撤出”方面引起了积极的趋势,但是,仍有许多未解决的问题。这篇文章的作者对一些类型的活动进行了研究,这些活动可以归因于自雇研究所。作者分析了狭义和广义的个体经营方法,区分了个体经营和企业家精神。分析了“自营职业者”和“自谋生计者”概念之间的相互关系,确定了自营职业作为一种活动的迹象,并指明了有权从事立法规定的各种活动的自营职业者圈子。正在研究新的自营职业形式,这是最近越来越多地发展起来的。综上所述,建议在俄罗斯立法对个体经营的法律规制中加强相关规范。
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引用次数: 0
Technologization of the Teachers Coping behavior formation as management and staff training means 教师应对行为形成的技术化管理和员工培训手段
T. Gudina, V. Ponikarova, I. Bukina
An inclusive approach to teaching people with disabilities and/or disabilities is now considered one of the main strategic paradigms of modern education. In this regard, the question arises about the importance of professional training of pedagogical personnel implementing the inclusive practice, considering the orientation of sociopedagogical interaction, professionally essential qualities, risk factors, typologies, and strategies of coping behavior, as a mental neoplasm that can not only solve problematic situations but also change a person's individuality. Depending on personal and professional development characteristics, the authors identified and described several leading types of coping behavior, and typology was carried out according to the following criteria: coping strategies, coping resources, coping techniques, and coping behavior productivity. Profiling teachers (and other specialists) coping behavior will allow identifying (based on observation, diagnosis, expert assessment) teachers at risk, developing preventive measures and preventing professional deformation at different stages of personality development.
对残疾人和/或残疾人采取包容的教育方法,现在被认为是现代教育的主要战略范例之一。在这方面,考虑到社会教育学互动的取向、专业基本素质、风险因素、类型和应对行为策略,作为一种精神肿瘤,不仅可以解决问题情境,还可以改变一个人的个性,对实施包容性实践的教学人员进行专业培训的重要性就产生了问题。根据个人和职业发展特征,作者确定并描述了几种主要的应对行为类型,并根据以下标准进行了类型学研究:应对策略、应对资源、应对技术和应对行为生产力。剖析教师(和其他专家)的应对行为将允许识别(基于观察、诊断、专家评估)处于风险中的教师,制定预防措施,防止在人格发展的不同阶段出现专业变形。
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引用次数: 0
Problems of Personality Socialization: Changing the Value Priorities of Modern Youth 人格社会化问题:改变现代青年的价值取向
S. Akutina, I. Begantsova, N. Guseva, T. Shchelina
The article deals with the problem of changing the value priorities of young men in the conditions of modern social reality. The concept of value orientations of personality is considered as a complex system and process that absorbs and reflects almost all contradictions and changes in the holistic picture of the worlds, which in their essence are the source of personality development. These contradictions arise between socialization and individualisation of the personality: on the one hand, people will inevitably socialise, learning the norms of society; on the other – strive to preserve the individuality of their personality; common values and the freedom they give the human norm and liberty – the two poles, two fightings began; the traditional value orientations and the update that is happening in the mind of the individual. The functions that perform value orientations are revealed: human-making, epistemological, regulatory (normative), axiological function. The authors studied the attitude to value and life-meaning orientations of young men at the unconscious and conscious level; it was revealed that modern young men actively prioritise the categories of beauty and pleasure in their lives and do not consider it essential to show their active life position at this age stage. This leads to the conclusion about the feminisation of modern young men in developing a civilizational society.
本文探讨了现代社会现实条件下青年价值取向的转变问题。人格价值取向的概念被认为是一个复杂的系统和过程,它吸收和反映了世界整体图景中几乎所有的矛盾和变化,这在本质上是人格发展的源泉。这些矛盾产生于人格的社会化与个性化之间:一方面,人必然社会化,学习社会的规范;另一方面——努力保持他们个性的独特性;共同的价值观和自由赋予了人类规范和自由——两极,两场斗争开始了;传统的价值取向和个人思想的更新。揭示了价值取向的功能:人为功能、认识论功能、调节(规范)功能、价值论功能。作者从无意识和意识两个层面研究了青年男性的价值态度和人生意义取向;据透露,现代年轻男性在他们的生活中积极地优先考虑美和快乐的类别,并且不认为在这个年龄段展示他们积极的生活地位是必要的。由此得出文明社会发展过程中现代青年男性女性化的结论。
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引用次数: 0
Features of Labor Behavior of Graduates of Postgraduate Studies in Russia 俄罗斯研究生毕业生劳动行为特征研究
A. Litvinyuk, L. Kartashova, P. Zhuravlev, L. Ivanova-Shvets
A scientific study results comparing the basic scales of the MMPI test of young professionals focused on working in the academic field with the average scales of successful scientists and university teachers are presented. The methodological basis of the study was the methodology based on the standard interpretation of the basic scales of the MMPI test. The results obtained give every reason to question the effectiveness of measures taken in Russia aimed at rejuvenating the labor potential of academic organisations, since, in most cases, the profiles of university graduates who intend to develop their career trajectory in the academic field, when compared with the profiles of successful scientists and teachers, have relatively significant differences. The nature of these differences may contribute in the very near future to the modification of labor activity in creative organisations into a model where the quality of office work and strict compliance with all labor regulations will be considered as an effective variant of the personnel management system. The creative nature of the staff's work will be assessed as an undesirable deviation from the established labor regulations. To eliminate such a negative trend, it is necessary to conduct a PR campaign within the state to increase the social prestige of scientific and pedagogical activities in academic organisations. This will make it possible to attract talented young specialists to graduate school and further assign them to academic organisations and could successfully engage in creative activities and not those university graduates who could not "get a job" in commercial organisations or state (municipal) institutions.
本文对从事学术工作的年轻专业人员的MMPI基本量表与成功科学家和大学教师的平均量表进行了比较研究。本研究的方法学基础是基于MMPI测试基本量表的标准解释的方法学。所获得的结果完全有理由质疑俄罗斯为振兴学术组织的劳动力潜力而采取的措施的有效性,因为在大多数情况下,打算在学术领域发展其职业轨迹的大学毕业生的概况与成功的科学家和教师的概况相比,存在相对显着的差异。在不久的将来,这些差异的性质可能有助于将创造性组织中的劳动活动修改为一种模式,在这种模式中,办公室工作的质量和对所有劳动法规的严格遵守将被视为人事管理系统的有效变体。员工工作的创造性将被评估为对既定劳动法规的不良偏离。为了消除这种负面趋势,有必要在国家内部开展公关活动,以提高学术组织中科学和教学活动的社会声望。这将有可能吸引有才华的年轻专家进入研究生院,并进一步将他们分配到学术组织,并能够成功地从事创造性活动,而不是那些无法在商业组织或州(市)机构“找到工作”的大学毕业生。
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引用次数: 0
Research on the impact of human capital on the lean production implementation 人力资本对精益生产实施的影响研究
V. Orekhov, Sergey Golovchanov, A. Karanashev
The study is devoted to the actual problem of using new resources for human capital growth, particularly the implementation of Lean. The study aims to identify the dependence of the implementation results at Russian enterprises on the level of human capital development and other factors. The subject of the study is the dependence of the results of Lean implementation on the main groups of aggregated indicators characterising the production system. The primary research methods used written surveys of experts and regression analysis of survey results. The dependence of the results of the implementation of lean production (R) on the aggregated indicators of human capital (H), corporate culture (C) and the Lean implementation process (P) is investigated. The dependences of the results of lean production on the corresponding optimal predictors have relatively high coefficients of determination: R(H) = 0.69; R(C) = 0.78 and R(P) = 0.80 for regression models in the form of 4th-degree polynomials. The indicators that have the most significant impact on the results of Lean implementation have been identified. For the predictor of human capital, this is staff educational level (weight – 0.29), staff willingness to study (0.25), the satisfaction of age characteristics (0.24) and discipline (0.22); for the predictor of corporate culture the culture of cooperation (0.35), the culture of appearance (0.24), work according to the rules (0.24); for the Lean implementation process consolidation of the changes made (0.83). For the generalised optimal predictor, the dominant factors are the consolidation of the changes made (0.79), the speed of changes implementation (0.11) and the willingness of staff to learn (0.10). All surveyed organisations are divided into three clusters according to the dependence of Lean implementation results on the generalised aggregated predictor. The share of companies that have most successfully implemented Lean is 26%, the average rating of their success on a five-point scale is 3.8. The study results can be used in developing lean production implementation programs at enterprises and in strategic planning to increase the efficiency of human capital.
该研究致力于利用新资源促进人力资本增长的实际问题,特别是精益的实施。本研究旨在确定俄罗斯企业实施结果对人力资本开发水平等因素的依赖程度。本研究的主题是精益实施的结果对表征生产系统的主要综合指标组的依赖性。主要的研究方法是采用专家的书面调查和调查结果的回归分析。研究了精益生产实施结果(R)对人力资本(H)、企业文化(C)和精益生产实施过程(P)三个综合指标的依赖关系。精益生产结果对相应最优预测因子的依赖关系具有较高的决定系数:R(H) = 0.69;对于四次多项式形式的回归模型,R(C) = 0.78, R(P) = 0.80。已经确定了对精益实施结果影响最大的指标。人力资本的预测因子为员工受教育程度(权重为- 0.29)、员工学习意愿(权重为0.25)、年龄特征满意度(权重为0.24)和学科满意度(权重为0.22);企业文化的预测因子为合作文化(0.35)、外表文化(0.24)、按部就任(0.24);对于精益实施过程所做更改的整合(0.83)。对于一般最优预测器,主要因素是所做更改的巩固(0.79)、执行更改的速度(0.11)和工作人员学习的意愿(0.10)。根据精益实施结果对广义聚合预测器的依赖性,所有被调查的组织分为三个集群。实施精益最成功的公司占26%,他们的平均成功评分为3.8分(满分为5分)。研究结果可用于企业制定精益生产实施方案和战略规划,以提高人力资本的效率。
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引用次数: 0
The Main Psycholinguistic Problems of International Students in the Russian Federation and the United Kingdom 俄罗斯联邦和英国留学生的主要心理语言问题
I. Rubakova, Alina Vasko
In the modern world, intercultural and international education is becoming more and more in demand. The number of exchange programs for students from different countries is growing every year; opportunities are opening up to receive education abroad and gain experience in intercultural communication. Like any changes, moving to a new language environment for a long time (from two to seven years, depending on the chosen degree of study) can cause several difficulties. The present work is devoted to a comparative analysis of students' main psycholinguistic problems in a new language environment. The object of this study is the process of adaptation of international students abroad. The research subject is psycholinguistic difficulties; this work aims to compare the psycholinguistic challenges faced by international students in a new language environment.
在现代世界,跨文化和国际教育的需求越来越大。来自不同国家的学生交换项目每年都在增加;出国接受教育和获得跨文化交流经验的机会越来越多。像任何变化一样,长时间(根据所选择的学习程度,从2年到7年)进入一个新的语言环境可能会造成一些困难。本研究致力于对新语言环境下学生的主要心理语言问题进行比较分析。本研究的对象是国际学生在国外的适应过程。研究课题是心理语言困难;本研究旨在比较国际学生在新的语言环境中所面临的心理语言挑战。
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引用次数: 0
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Proceedings of the IX International Scientific and Practical Conference “Current Problems of Social and Labour Relations" (ISPC-CPSLR 2021)
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