Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoceditorialvu2022l5edpt
Mariana Teixeira da Paz, Roberto Donato da Silva Júnior, P. Jacobi, Zenaida Lauda-Rodriguez, Beatriz Milz
{"title":"Guia para o desmonte da política ambiental brasileira","authors":"Mariana Teixeira da Paz, Roberto Donato da Silva Júnior, P. Jacobi, Zenaida Lauda-Rodriguez, Beatriz Milz","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoceditorialvu2022l5edpt","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoceditorialvu2022l5edpt","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127384439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoc20200243r1r2vu2022l3oa
Esteban Sanchez Pallahuala, Paulina Pérez Igor, Javiera Ruiz Gómez, Valeria Pino Caidane, José Mario Díaz Muñoz, Claudia Estrada-Goic
Abstract The research is interested in both ecological and identity (social) variables involved in increasing environmental commitment to Antarctic care. Two studies with inhabitants of two cities in the extreme south, and another with a national sample from three different geographical areas (north, center and south) participated by answering a self-administered survey. The instruments measured the perception of personal responsibility for Antarctic care in the present and future, Value of Antarctica, Antarctic regional ecological identity, and environmental beliefs. The core results show that identification with the Antarctic territory is important in determining the perception of responsibility and commitment to its care, and that this process is mediated by the value given to the polar continent. This mediation was observed in both the sample of locals and nationals. These results are discussed in relation to the importance of considering identity variables when developing models that aim to promote a pro-ecological attitude.
{"title":"Antarctic Guardians: Commitment as a result of identity variables and ecological attitudes","authors":"Esteban Sanchez Pallahuala, Paulina Pérez Igor, Javiera Ruiz Gómez, Valeria Pino Caidane, José Mario Díaz Muñoz, Claudia Estrada-Goic","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20200243r1r2vu2022l3oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20200243r1r2vu2022l3oa","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The research is interested in both ecological and identity (social) variables involved in increasing environmental commitment to Antarctic care. Two studies with inhabitants of two cities in the extreme south, and another with a national sample from three different geographical areas (north, center and south) participated by answering a self-administered survey. The instruments measured the perception of personal responsibility for Antarctic care in the present and future, Value of Antarctica, Antarctic regional ecological identity, and environmental beliefs. The core results show that identification with the Antarctic territory is important in determining the perception of responsibility and commitment to its care, and that this process is mediated by the value given to the polar continent. This mediation was observed in both the sample of locals and nationals. These results are discussed in relation to the importance of considering identity variables when developing models that aim to promote a pro-ecological attitude.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125941761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The biodiversity of the high Andean mountains has made it urgent to conserve the Páramos, which are recognized as essential ecosystems for the hydrological cycle and climate change mitigation. Colombia, which has 50% of these ecosystems in the world, has been cartographically delimiting the páramos since 2012 to promote their conservation. For the communities, the maps do not reflect the care work and practices with which they inhabit the páramo on daily life. Through ethnography and documentary review, we make an ontological analysis of the delimitation process and the conflicts it originated in the regions of Santurbán and Sumapaz. We argue that the environmental challenges faced by the high mountain demand the need for a reflexive conservation of its own ontology and to conduct environmental policy from an ontological openness that conceives the páramo as a permanent material composition of situated practices where different ways of making-world intervene.
{"title":"Do we inhabit the same mountain? Towards ontological openings in páramo conservation","authors":"Adela Parra-Romero, César Camilo Castillo Estupiñán","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210133r1vu2023l1oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210133r1vu2023l1oa","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The biodiversity of the high Andean mountains has made it urgent to conserve the Páramos, which are recognized as essential ecosystems for the hydrological cycle and climate change mitigation. Colombia, which has 50% of these ecosystems in the world, has been cartographically delimiting the páramos since 2012 to promote their conservation. For the communities, the maps do not reflect the care work and practices with which they inhabit the páramo on daily life. Through ethnography and documentary review, we make an ontological analysis of the delimitation process and the conflicts it originated in the regions of Santurbán and Sumapaz. We argue that the environmental challenges faced by the high mountain demand the need for a reflexive conservation of its own ontology and to conduct environmental policy from an ontological openness that conceives the páramo as a permanent material composition of situated practices where different ways of making-world intervene.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130729639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210201r2vu2023l1oa
Rizza Regina Oliveira Rocha, Victor Manoel Pelaez Alvarez
Abstract This paper aims to evaluate the experience on inspections of pesticides, conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA). It takes into account a typification of infractions identified, their temporal evolution and their spatial distribution in the territory. Data were collected from the IBAMA’s Integrated System of Registration, Collect and Inspection. It was identified an increasing of 100% of infractions detected in the period 2009-2017, but a decrease of 21% and 60% in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Concerning the spatial distribution of infractions, there is evidence that the environmental inspections are not compatible with the locations where exist the most intense pesticide consumption. These results reveal a logic of intervention which is not based on a strategic planning at national level but rather in local initiatives from the environmental inspection officers.
{"title":"Environmental Inspection Of Pesticides In Brazil","authors":"Rizza Regina Oliveira Rocha, Victor Manoel Pelaez Alvarez","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210201r2vu2023l1oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210201r2vu2023l1oa","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper aims to evaluate the experience on inspections of pesticides, conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA). It takes into account a typification of infractions identified, their temporal evolution and their spatial distribution in the territory. Data were collected from the IBAMA’s Integrated System of Registration, Collect and Inspection. It was identified an increasing of 100% of infractions detected in the period 2009-2017, but a decrease of 21% and 60% in 2018 and 2019, respectively. Concerning the spatial distribution of infractions, there is evidence that the environmental inspections are not compatible with the locations where exist the most intense pesticide consumption. These results reveal a logic of intervention which is not based on a strategic planning at national level but rather in local initiatives from the environmental inspection officers.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129370765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210056vu2022l1ao
André Ruoppolo Biazoti, Marcos Sorrentino
Abstract In the municipality of São Paulo, the institution of community gardens has led an innovative social process of self-management of public spaces by citizens, using social networks to organize interventions in an activist way. The research sought to investigate political engagement in community gardens in São Paulo, bringing a perspective based on the concepts of power to act, present in Espinosa’s philosophy, and of commons, based on the work of Dardot and Laval (2017). The methodology consists of an ethnography based on semi-structured interviews and participant observation in community garden joint-efforts, meetings and events. In these meetings, it is possible to consider that there are affections empowering the subjects to engage in significant changes for territorial management, enabling the formation of an expanded collective of action that establishes unique forms of management confronting institutional powers.
{"title":"Political engagement in urban agriculture: power to act in community gardens of São Paulo","authors":"André Ruoppolo Biazoti, Marcos Sorrentino","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210056vu2022l1ao","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210056vu2022l1ao","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In the municipality of São Paulo, the institution of community gardens has led an innovative social process of self-management of public spaces by citizens, using social networks to organize interventions in an activist way. The research sought to investigate political engagement in community gardens in São Paulo, bringing a perspective based on the concepts of power to act, present in Espinosa’s philosophy, and of commons, based on the work of Dardot and Laval (2017). The methodology consists of an ethnography based on semi-structured interviews and participant observation in community garden joint-efforts, meetings and events. In these meetings, it is possible to consider that there are affections empowering the subjects to engage in significant changes for territorial management, enabling the formation of an expanded collective of action that establishes unique forms of management confronting institutional powers.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"135 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125460212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210037r1vu2022l1ao
P. Villar, R. Hirata
Abstract The 1988 Brazilian Federal Constitution granted a leading role in groundwater governance to the states and the Federal District. However, there are no studies evaluating how these entities conducted this process from a national public policy perspective. The present article aims to identify national legal obligations related to groundwater governance and develop a tool to determine whether the states have appropriately implemented them. Our methodology includes document analysis and interviews. The federal legislation provided standard mechanisms for state management, allowing for structuring a Groundwater Governance Assessment System (SAGAS: the acronym in Portuguese) that comprises 48 primary and 25 secondary indicators. SAGAS is a methodological effort to create a legal indicator to generate comparable and systematized data on states’ environment of governance to help identify management weaknesses.
{"title":"Groundwater Governance and the Construction of Legal Indicators for Brazilian States","authors":"P. Villar, R. Hirata","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210037r1vu2022l1ao","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210037r1vu2022l1ao","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The 1988 Brazilian Federal Constitution granted a leading role in groundwater governance to the states and the Federal District. However, there are no studies evaluating how these entities conducted this process from a national public policy perspective. The present article aims to identify national legal obligations related to groundwater governance and develop a tool to determine whether the states have appropriately implemented them. Our methodology includes document analysis and interviews. The federal legislation provided standard mechanisms for state management, allowing for structuring a Groundwater Governance Assessment System (SAGAS: the acronym in Portuguese) that comprises 48 primary and 25 secondary indicators. SAGAS is a methodological effort to create a legal indicator to generate comparable and systematized data on states’ environment of governance to help identify management weaknesses.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"27 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131614067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoc20200134r2vu2022l2ao
V. C. Silva, R. C. R. Pires, Hevellyn Esther Pereira Silva, Élida Maria dos Santos Lopes, Á. A. Lira, Adauto Luis Moraes Pestana, J. L. S. Nunes
Resumo Realizou-se um estudo transversal para estimar a prevalência de abortamento espontâneo em 360 mulheres distribuídas em área de maior e menor exposição à poluição atmosférica proveniente do tráfego de veículos na Ilha de São Luís-MA e identificação de variáveis associadas. As participantes foram entrevistadas e os dados coletados foram submetidos à regressão logística bivariada e multivariada. A prevalência geral de aborto espontâneo foi 15,83%, correspondendo a 25,56% (n=180) na área de maior exposição e 6,11% (n=180) na área de menor exposição. Associaram-se ao aborto espontâneo o etilismo materno (OR=3,11), a presença de IST na gestação (OR=2,74), viver na área de alta exposição (OR=8,32), ter sofrido violência física ou psicológica na gestação (OR=4,25) e a ocorrência de abortamento de repetição (OR=39,11). Os resultados apontam para uma possível contribuição da poluição do ar proveniente do tráfego de veículos como fator de risco na etiologia do aborto espontâneo.
摘要我们进行了一项横断面研究，以估计360名妇女的自然流产患病率，这些妇女分布在sao luis -MA岛较高和较低的车辆交通空气污染暴露地区，并确定相关变量。对参与者进行访谈，收集的数据进行双变量和多变量logistic回归。自然流产的总体患病率为15.83%，其中最高暴露区为25.56% (n=180)，最低暴露区为6.11% (n=180)。与自然流产相关的因素有:母亲饮酒(或=3,11)、怀孕期间有性传播感染(或=2,74)、生活在高暴露地区(或=8,32)、怀孕期间遭受身体或心理暴力(或=4,25)和重复流产(或= 39.11)。结果表明，车辆交通造成的空气污染可能是流产的危险因素。
{"title":"Exposição à poluição durante a gestação e ocorrência de abortamento espontâneo","authors":"V. C. Silva, R. C. R. Pires, Hevellyn Esther Pereira Silva, Élida Maria dos Santos Lopes, Á. A. Lira, Adauto Luis Moraes Pestana, J. L. S. Nunes","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20200134r2vu2022l2ao","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20200134r2vu2022l2ao","url":null,"abstract":"Resumo Realizou-se um estudo transversal para estimar a prevalência de abortamento espontâneo em 360 mulheres distribuídas em área de maior e menor exposição à poluição atmosférica proveniente do tráfego de veículos na Ilha de São Luís-MA e identificação de variáveis associadas. As participantes foram entrevistadas e os dados coletados foram submetidos à regressão logística bivariada e multivariada. A prevalência geral de aborto espontâneo foi 15,83%, correspondendo a 25,56% (n=180) na área de maior exposição e 6,11% (n=180) na área de menor exposição. Associaram-se ao aborto espontâneo o etilismo materno (OR=3,11), a presença de IST na gestação (OR=2,74), viver na área de alta exposição (OR=8,32), ter sofrido violência física ou psicológica na gestação (OR=4,25) e a ocorrência de abortamento de repetição (OR=39,11). Os resultados apontam para uma possível contribuição da poluição do ar proveniente do tráfego de veículos como fator de risco na etiologia do aborto espontâneo.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134362077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210151r1ft
Vivian H. Pisano, J. Demajorovic, G. Besen
Abstract Despite the advances in the implementation of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), waste pickers’ organizations (WPOs) continue to face structural problems that challenge their viability. Facing the challenges, cooperative networks (CNs) emerged as an alternative to expand their role in the recycling chain. This research aims to identify the challenges and perspectives of the actions of waste pickers’ networks in the recycling chain and discuss how this new organizational arrangement can contribute to the expected advances of the PNRS. The methodological procedures included the selection of 3 case studies on CNs, interviews, documental and content analysis. The results show the importance of public policies and the breadth of the partnerships to the consolidation of the CNs analyzed. Thus, an adaptation of the PNRS to the new dynamics of the recycling market, considering the multiple benefits of CN, can contribute to overcome the structural problems faced by WPOs.
{"title":"The Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy: perspectives of the waste pickers’ cooperative networks","authors":"Vivian H. Pisano, J. Demajorovic, G. Besen","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210151r1ft","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210151r1ft","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Despite the advances in the implementation of the National Solid Waste Policy (PNRS), waste pickers’ organizations (WPOs) continue to face structural problems that challenge their viability. Facing the challenges, cooperative networks (CNs) emerged as an alternative to expand their role in the recycling chain. This research aims to identify the challenges and perspectives of the actions of waste pickers’ networks in the recycling chain and discuss how this new organizational arrangement can contribute to the expected advances of the PNRS. The methodological procedures included the selection of 3 case studies on CNs, interviews, documental and content analysis. The results show the importance of public policies and the breadth of the partnerships to the consolidation of the CNs analyzed. Thus, an adaptation of the PNRS to the new dynamics of the recycling market, considering the multiple benefits of CN, can contribute to overcome the structural problems faced by WPOs.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131208820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210036r1vu2022l2oa
Israel Lacerda de Araujo, H. Costa, Z. Makuch
Abstract The main issue in this century were the increasing greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions after the industrial cycle, and it became international concerns related to climate mitigation challenges. Thus, our focus is to discuss a historical view between climate change diagnosis and how carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology may contribute to mitigate climate change challenges. Our methodology is a literature review of technical and economic questions of CCS and the analysis based on geological data. Results show anthropogenic GHG sources’ geological view from chronologic era highlighted how human interaction with the environment climate conditions, and international climate agreements may encourage changes in new legal, institutional, and normative frameworks under jurisdictions and deal with the challenges for implementing CCS technology via soft power. Therefore, we conclude that governments are responsible for arbitrating and establishing the available resources, the interests between the groups, adjusting costs over time to those they will fund.
{"title":"Climate change review and the CCS technology contribution to the climate mitigation challenges","authors":"Israel Lacerda de Araujo, H. Costa, Z. Makuch","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210036r1vu2022l2oa","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoc20210036r1vu2022l2oa","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The main issue in this century were the increasing greenhouse gases (GHG) emissions after the industrial cycle, and it became international concerns related to climate mitigation challenges. Thus, our focus is to discuss a historical view between climate change diagnosis and how carbon capture and storage (CCS) technology may contribute to mitigate climate change challenges. Our methodology is a literature review of technical and economic questions of CCS and the analysis based on geological data. Results show anthropogenic GHG sources’ geological view from chronologic era highlighted how human interaction with the environment climate conditions, and international climate agreements may encourage changes in new legal, institutional, and normative frameworks under jurisdictions and deal with the challenges for implementing CCS technology via soft power. Therefore, we conclude that governments are responsible for arbitrating and establishing the available resources, the interests between the groups, adjusting costs over time to those they will fund.","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122206612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1590/1809-4422asoceditorialvu2022l3edeng
Marcos Tavares de Arruda Filho, P. Jacobi, Zenaida Lauda-Rodriguez, Beatriz Milz
{"title":"Brazil and its disarranged climate policy towards COP 27","authors":"Marcos Tavares de Arruda Filho, P. Jacobi, Zenaida Lauda-Rodriguez, Beatriz Milz","doi":"10.1590/1809-4422asoceditorialvu2022l3edeng","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1590/1809-4422asoceditorialvu2022l3edeng","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":261125,"journal":{"name":"Ambiente & Sociedade","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133803878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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