Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/nsawg.2022.2.10
Małgorzata Białas-Szymańska
The aim of the article is to characterise selected historical issues and the contemporary perception of the response of financial asset prices in the capital market. It also attempts to partially analyse the most important reasons for the current level of effectiveness of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. This is significantly related to the widespread interest of investors in the functioning of capital markets, especially stock exchanges. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the mechanisms shaping share prices. The presentations of the following key theories may prove helpful in this respect: Efficient market hypotheses, the concept of a coherent market, and hypotheses of adaptation markets. The efficiency of the capital market, especially the stock exchange market, can be understood in various ways, although most often in economic research, this concept is equated with information efficiency. Importantly, care for an efficient capital market is crucial from the point of view of economic development based on innovations, which are largely financed by this market. The efficiency of the capital market is one of the most discussed topics among practitioners because it has very serious consequences for investors. The article presents the latest regulations that are to have a positive impact on the development of the capital market in Poland and in the European Union, as well as historical content in the scope of the above-mentioned effective market hypothesis, the concept of a coherent market and the hypothesis of adaptation markets. The author has also attempted to characterise contemporary conditions that affect or are to affect the development of the domestic capital market in the near future.
{"title":"Współczesne determinanty efektywności rynku kapitałowego na GPW w Warszawie","authors":"Małgorzata Białas-Szymańska","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2022.2.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2022.2.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to characterise selected historical issues and the contemporary perception of the response of financial asset prices in the capital market. It also attempts to partially analyse the most important reasons for the current level of effectiveness of the Warsaw Stock Exchange. This is significantly related to the widespread interest of investors in the functioning of capital markets, especially stock exchanges. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the mechanisms shaping share prices. The presentations of the following key theories may prove helpful in this respect: Efficient market hypotheses, the concept of a coherent market, and hypotheses of adaptation markets. The efficiency of the capital market, especially the stock exchange market, can be understood in various ways, although most often in economic research, this concept is equated with information efficiency. Importantly, care for an efficient capital market is crucial from the point of view of economic development based on innovations, which are largely financed by this market. The efficiency of the capital market is one of the most discussed topics among practitioners because it has very serious consequences for investors. The article presents the latest regulations that are to have a positive impact on the development of the capital market in Poland and in the European Union, as well as historical content in the scope of the above-mentioned effective market hypothesis, the concept of a coherent market and the hypothesis of adaptation markets. The author has also attempted to characterise contemporary conditions that affect or are to affect the development of the domestic capital market in the near future.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126392085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Due to the growing use of ICTs in all areas of life, the means to access these technologies and skills to operate them are regarded as important prerequisites for social inclusion or, more specifically, e-inclusion. In developing states, mobile connectivity has become an important way for people to access the internet since smartphones are more affordable than computers and break down such access barriers as costs of infrastructure, equipment and required skills. The aim of the article is to present the benefits and limitations of digital inclusion through mobile access from a gender perspective and to investigate the barriers to this process. The research is undertaken from an Indian perspective. The theses verified are: 1) mobile access can represent a pragmatic solution to the digital divide, including the digital gender divide, even if mobile-only internet use does not necessarily lead to complete e-inclusion, 2) due to the nature of barriers to access, the digital gender divide remains a persistent problem in India. The research methods used were literature review, analysis of statistical data, online sources and elements of a case study. Access to mobile devices and the internet are not gender-neutral in India. There are a number of root causes of the digital gender divide, including financial constraints, technological illiteracy, as well as socio-cultural norms. Therefore, government and business activities should focus on these areas.
{"title":"The digital gender divide. A focus on inclusion through mobile phone use in India","authors":"Magdalena Tusińska","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2021.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2021.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the growing use of ICTs in all areas of life, the means to access these technologies and skills to operate them are regarded as important prerequisites for social inclusion or, more specifically, e-inclusion. In developing states, mobile connectivity has become an important way for people to access the internet since smartphones are more affordable than computers and break down such access barriers as costs of infrastructure, equipment and required skills. The aim of the article is to present the benefits and limitations of digital inclusion through mobile access from a gender perspective and to investigate the barriers to this process. The research is undertaken from an Indian perspective. The theses verified are: 1) mobile access can represent a pragmatic solution to the digital divide, including the digital gender divide, even if mobile-only internet use does not necessarily lead to complete e-inclusion, 2) due to the nature of barriers to access, the digital gender divide remains a persistent problem in India. The research methods used were literature review, analysis of statistical data, online sources and elements of a case study. Access to mobile devices and the internet are not gender-neutral in India. There are a number of root causes of the digital gender divide, including financial constraints, technological illiteracy, as well as socio-cultural norms. Therefore, government and business activities should focus on these areas.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121682498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kwestia godności ludzi pracy w nauczaniu papieża Jana Pawła II","authors":"K. Kietliński","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127461583","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.21
B. Karwat-Woźniak
Aktualnie rozwój rolnictwa i jego zmiany strukturalne w coraz mniejszym zakresie są warunkowane czynnikami endogenicznymi, a w coraz większym stopniu zależą od polityki sektorowej, a zwłaszcza polityki makroekonomicznej (Kowalski, Wigier, Wieliczko, 2014, s. 9). Polityka sektorowa w rolnictwie jest powszechnie i długofalowo stosowana w krajach rozwiniętych. Wraz z wejściem Polski do Unii Europejskiej (UE) sektor rolny został objęty ponadnarodową Wspólną Polityką Rolną (WPR), która na przestrzeni lat ulegała różnorodnym zmianom. Kolejne reformy były spowodowane zmianami warunków funkcjonowania UE i pozwalały na dostosowanie mechanizmów WPR do osiągnięcia zakładanych celów. W procesie tych przeobrażeń zaznacza się coraz bardziej odchodzenie od polityki sektorowej na rzecz kompleksowej polityki zrównoważonego rozwoju rolnictwa i obszarów wiejskich. Niezmiennie obowiązują sformułowane w traktacie rzymskim, cele podstawowe WPR, chroniące interesy producentów i konsumentów żywności poprzez: zwiększanie wydajności rolnictwa, wspieranie postępu rolniczego, optymalizację wykorzystania czynników produkcji, zwłaszcza siły roboczej i ziemi, stabilizowanie rynków i zagwarantowanie bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego oraz zapewnienia rolnikom odpowiedniego dochodu (Drygas, Nurzyńska, 2018). Takie ich sprecyzowanie umożliwiało zmiany we WPR, których celem jest niezmiennie stwarzanie warunków do rozwoju nowoczesnego i zrównoważonego rolnictwa oraz tworzenia jego konkurencyjności na możliwie najwyższym poziomie. WPR tworzy jedną z podstawowych przesłanek kształtujących warunki funkcjonowania rolnictwa, a jednocześnie przyczynia się do kreowania procesów rozwojowych w tym sektorze i na obszarach wiejskich.
{"title":"Wpływ wybranych instrumentów Wspólnej Polityki Rolnej na umacnianie i spowalnianie procesów rozwojowych w polskim rolnictwie","authors":"B. Karwat-Woźniak","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.21","url":null,"abstract":"Aktualnie rozwój rolnictwa i jego zmiany strukturalne w coraz mniejszym zakresie są warunkowane czynnikami endogenicznymi, a w coraz większym stopniu zależą od polityki sektorowej, a zwłaszcza polityki makroekonomicznej (Kowalski, Wigier, Wieliczko, 2014, s. 9). Polityka sektorowa w rolnictwie jest powszechnie i długofalowo stosowana w krajach rozwiniętych. Wraz z wejściem Polski do Unii Europejskiej (UE) sektor rolny został objęty ponadnarodową Wspólną Polityką Rolną (WPR), która na przestrzeni lat ulegała różnorodnym zmianom. Kolejne reformy były spowodowane zmianami warunków funkcjonowania UE i pozwalały na dostosowanie mechanizmów WPR do osiągnięcia zakładanych celów. W procesie tych przeobrażeń zaznacza się coraz bardziej odchodzenie od polityki sektorowej na rzecz kompleksowej polityki zrównoważonego rozwoju rolnictwa i obszarów wiejskich. Niezmiennie obowiązują sformułowane w traktacie rzymskim, cele podstawowe WPR, chroniące interesy producentów i konsumentów żywności poprzez: zwiększanie wydajności rolnictwa, wspieranie postępu rolniczego, optymalizację wykorzystania czynników produkcji, zwłaszcza siły roboczej i ziemi, stabilizowanie rynków i zagwarantowanie bezpieczeństwa żywnościowego oraz zapewnienia rolnikom odpowiedniego dochodu (Drygas, Nurzyńska, 2018). Takie ich sprecyzowanie umożliwiało zmiany we WPR, których celem jest niezmiennie stwarzanie warunków do rozwoju nowoczesnego i zrównoważonego rolnictwa oraz tworzenia jego konkurencyjności na możliwie najwyższym poziomie. WPR tworzy jedną z podstawowych przesłanek kształtujących warunki funkcjonowania rolnictwa, a jednocześnie przyczynia się do kreowania procesów rozwojowych w tym sektorze i na obszarach wiejskich.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"758 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122989332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.25
M. J. Król, J. Trybuła
{"title":"Internet w życiu młodzieży licealnej – statystyczna analiza na podstawie badania ankietowego","authors":"M. J. Król, J. Trybuła","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.25","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"265 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121075742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of the study was to identify challenges for the development of the e-commerce industry in Poland and Albania and to explore their directions and limitations in the opinion of young people. The study was formed by a literature review for qualitative research purposes and took an analysis approach through a survey method among students from the economic and management faculties. Respondents aged 18–30 participated in the survey from the reputedly more tech-savvy ʻGeneration Zʼ demographic group. The data obtained shows that the e-commerce industry, both in Poland and Albania, is undergoing significant changes and that the pandemic has accelerated these. Many established companies were those that trade on the Internet or offer e-services. Respondents indicated many benefits of running a business on the web; notably, the convenience of selling and lower operating costs. This form of running a business is attractive to younger people. However, they acknowledge some limitations. The most important barrier is high competition in the market and a lack of innovative ideas that would otherwise allow them to break into the market. Significantly, Albania has seen the development of its technological infrastructure, as well as the building of consumer confidence in this type of transaction. Taking into account the forecasts for e-commerce development for Poland and Albania, there is a need for up-to-date information on ways of setting up and running e-businesses. Expertise in this field is needed, as are qualified teaching and academic staff with sufficient knowledge of the evolving e-business environment.
{"title":"E-commerce development opportunities and limitations from the Generation Z perspective of Poland and Albania","authors":"B. Kiełbasa, A. Tartaraj","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2022.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2022.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to identify challenges for the development of the e-commerce industry in Poland and Albania and to explore their directions and limitations in the opinion of young people. The study was formed by a literature review for qualitative research purposes and took an analysis approach through a survey method among students from the economic and management faculties. Respondents aged 18–30 participated in the survey from the reputedly more tech-savvy ʻGeneration Zʼ demographic group. The data obtained shows that the e-commerce industry, both in Poland and Albania, is undergoing significant changes and that the pandemic has accelerated these. Many established companies were those that trade on the Internet or offer e-services. Respondents indicated many benefits of running a business on the web; notably, the convenience of selling and lower operating costs. This form of running a business is attractive to younger people. However, they acknowledge some limitations. The most important barrier is high competition in the market and a lack of innovative ideas that would otherwise allow them to break into the market. Significantly, Albania has seen the development of its technological infrastructure, as well as the building of consumer confidence in this type of transaction. Taking into account the forecasts for e-commerce development for Poland and Albania, there is a need for up-to-date information on ways of setting up and running e-businesses. Expertise in this field is needed, as are qualified teaching and academic staff with sufficient knowledge of the evolving e-business environment.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126940023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
More than half of the world’s population lives in cities. Also, in Poland, urbanisation processes are still progressing. Moreover, the impact of an urban zone itself does not end with administrative boundaries. There are a number of functional connections between a given urban centre and its surroundings. Thus, functional urban areas begin to play a more important role in development policy. In particular, this aspect has gained importance in the face of the introduction, in 2014, of new territorial instruments of the EU cohesion policy, such as Integrated Territorial Investments (ITI). The introduction of ITI was associated with formalising the operation of functional urban areas in Poland (FUA), mainly in the area of voivodeship centres. After a few years of their functioning, it is worth taking a closer look at their diversity. The aim of the study is, therefore, to determine the differentiation in the level of development of functional areas of voivodeship capital cities in Poland and their classification. The research was carried out with the use of the TOPSIS method on the basis of available, selected data from the Central Statistical Office. As a result of the research, FUAs were assigned to various classes of the level of socio-economic development and ranked in terms of the value of the synthetic indicator of socio-economic development that was constructed under the TOPSIS method. As a result of the study, it was found that, in general, studied units are characterised by rather small differentiation in the level of development; however, there are quite large discrepancies in the level of the synthetic indicator of socio-economic development between FUAs with the highest and the lowest value of this indicator.
{"title":"Zróżnicowanie rozwoju miejskich obszarów funkcjonalnych ośrodków wojewódzkich w Polsce","authors":"A. Busłowska","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2022.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2022.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"More than half of the world’s population lives in cities. Also, in Poland, urbanisation processes are still progressing. Moreover, the impact of an urban zone itself does not end with administrative boundaries. There are a number of functional connections between a given urban centre and its surroundings. Thus, functional urban areas begin to play a more important role in development policy. In particular, this aspect has gained importance in the face of the introduction, in 2014, of new territorial instruments of the EU cohesion policy, such as Integrated Territorial Investments (ITI). The introduction of ITI was associated with formalising the operation of functional urban areas in Poland (FUA), mainly in the area of voivodeship centres. After a few years of their functioning, it is worth taking a closer look at their diversity. The aim of the study is, therefore, to determine the differentiation in the level of development of functional areas of voivodeship capital cities in Poland and their classification. The research was carried out with the use of the TOPSIS method on the basis of available, selected data from the Central Statistical Office. As a result of the research, FUAs were assigned to various classes of the level of socio-economic development and ranked in terms of the value of the synthetic indicator of socio-economic development that was constructed under the TOPSIS method. As a result of the study, it was found that, in general, studied units are characterised by rather small differentiation in the level of development; however, there are quite large discrepancies in the level of the synthetic indicator of socio-economic development between FUAs with the highest and the lowest value of this indicator.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"357 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122758233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article deals with the recovery of the idea of full employment. Its principal aim is to gather evidence that this idea has new functions in the present social context and that the main problems of the full employment policy have reasonably well founded solutions. The method of this text is to analyse the social meaning of economic theories. In every analysis of full employment, the politics of inflation pressure seems to be the main and unresolved problem. This pressure is biggest as the economy nears full employment. The first proponents of full employment policies, including W. H. Beveridge and A. P. Lerner, knew this problem very well. Contemporary followers of full employment policies also endorse the Lernerian concept of functional finance. However, they recommend an institutional change and reject the Keynesian discretionary macroeconomic policy. Their proposition is the Job Guarantee Programme: employing all of the willing people without a job in the public sector and paying them a universal decent wage. The job guarantee is an old idea in a new form and a new context. In times of economic decline, a Job Guarantee Programme delivers a more egalitarian organisation of society and a greater level of equality instead of doubtful prospects for economic growth.
本文论述了充分就业的复苏思想。其主要目的是收集证据，证明这一想法在目前的社会背景下具有新的功能，并证明充分就业政策的主要问题有相当充分的解决办法。本文的研究方法是分析经济学理论的社会意义。在对充分就业的每一次分析中，通胀压力似乎都是主要的、尚未解决的问题。当经济接近充分就业时，这种压力是最大的。包括贝弗里奇(W. H. Beveridge)和勒纳(A. P. Lerner)在内的第一批充分就业政策的支持者非常清楚这个问题。当代充分就业政策的追随者也赞同勒纳的功能性金融概念。然而，他们建议制度变革，反对凯恩斯主义的自由裁量宏观经济政策。他们的主张是工作保障计划:雇用所有愿意在公共部门工作的人，并向他们支付普遍体面的工资。就业保障是一种新形式、新背景下的旧观念。在经济衰退时期，就业保障计划提供了一个更加平等的社会组织和更高水平的平等，而不是令人怀疑的经济增长前景。
{"title":"Pełne zatrudnienie – porzucona idea i jej odrodzenie","authors":"D. Grzybek","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2021.4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2021.4.1","url":null,"abstract":"This article deals with the recovery of the idea of full employment. Its principal aim is to gather evidence that this idea has new functions in the present social context and that the main problems of the full employment policy have reasonably well founded solutions. The method of this text is to analyse the social meaning of economic theories. In every analysis of full employment, the politics of inflation pressure seems to be the main and unresolved problem. This pressure is biggest as the economy nears full employment. The first proponents of full employment policies, including W. H. Beveridge and A. P. Lerner, knew this problem very well. Contemporary followers of full employment policies also endorse the Lernerian concept of functional finance. However, they recommend an institutional change and reject the Keynesian discretionary macroeconomic policy. Their proposition is the Job Guarantee Programme: employing all of the willing people without a job in the public sector and paying them a universal decent wage. The job guarantee is an old idea in a new form and a new context. In times of economic decline, a Job Guarantee Programme delivers a more egalitarian organisation of society and a greater level of equality instead of doubtful prospects for economic growth.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123566000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.29
J. Renkas
Publikacja zostala sfinansowana ze statutowych funduszy badawczych Katedry Rachunkowości Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie.
该出版物由克拉科夫经济大学会计系法定研究基金资助。
{"title":"Godziwe nierówności dochodowe a opodatkowanie wynagrodzeń","authors":"J. Renkas","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.29","url":null,"abstract":"Publikacja zostala sfinansowana ze statutowych funduszy badawczych Katedry Rachunkowości Uniwersytetu Ekonomicznego w Krakowie.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131408130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this paper is the empirical analysis of the Gini coefficient decomposition by income sources in Poland between 2005 and 2013. The decomposition was used to assess the contribution of income components to the overall income inequality in Poland. The empirical analysis was based on non-identifiable, individual household budget survey data collected by the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The method of decomposition by income components applied in this study was the approach of Lerman and Yitzhaki (1985). The study revealed that employment income contributed to the greatest extent to overall income inequality in Poland during the analysis period. At the same time, this income source showed a significant increase in explaining inequality, reaching almost 64% in 2019. Apart from employment, among all of the income sources analysed, only the contribution of social security benefits to income disparities changed significantly, dropping from almost 19% in 2005 to 7% in 2019. Income from self-employment explained about 15% of inequality in Poland throughout the analysed period. The contribution of the rest of income sources to income inequality was also relatively stable, though less significant. The only income category that contributed negatively to inequality was the other social benefits component. The largest impact of a marginal change in income components on overall inequality was due to income from employment (positive effect) and social security benefits (negative effect). A negative impact of a marginal change in specific income sources on inequality was observed in the case of social security benefits, other social benefits, and other income.
{"title":"Household income inequality in Poland between 2005 and 2019: A decomposition of the Gini coefficient by income sources","authors":"Patrycja Graca-Gelert","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2022.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2022.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is the empirical analysis of the Gini coefficient decomposition by income sources in Poland between 2005 and 2013. The decomposition was used to assess the contribution of income components to the overall income inequality in Poland. The empirical analysis was based on non-identifiable, individual household budget survey data collected by the Central Statistical Office of Poland. The method of decomposition by income components applied in this study was the approach of Lerman and Yitzhaki (1985). The study revealed that employment income contributed to the greatest extent to overall income inequality in Poland during the analysis period. At the same time, this income source showed a significant increase in explaining inequality, reaching almost 64% in 2019. Apart from employment, among all of the income sources analysed, only the contribution of social security benefits to income disparities changed significantly, dropping from almost 19% in 2005 to 7% in 2019. Income from self-employment explained about 15% of inequality in Poland throughout the analysed period. The contribution of the rest of income sources to income inequality was also relatively stable, though less significant. The only income category that contributed negatively to inequality was the other social benefits component. The largest impact of a marginal change in income components on overall inequality was due to income from employment (positive effect) and social security benefits (negative effect). A negative impact of a marginal change in specific income sources on inequality was observed in the case of social security benefits, other social benefits, and other income.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126267774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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