The global economy evolves into a “knowledge-based economy”, where market success of enterprises more and more depends on efficient knowledge management, that is on acquisition, generation, distribution and application of knowledge within organizations. The strategically impor tant nature of knowledge results firstly from the fact that it is harder to imitate and substitute when compared with material resources, and secondly from the fact that it is more flexible, i.e. more useful for the creation or improvement of various elements of the enterprise’s offer. This applies in par ticular to the issues of knowledge management in economic organizations, which can be analysed in the area of organizational structures, business processes, personnel, organizational structure as well as ICT that supports management. The objective of this article is to discuss organizational and technological aspects within the modern knowledge management using ICT called SMAC (Social, Mobility, Analytics, Cloud), being at present the canon of ICT support in this respect. The analysis has been illustrated with findings of research carried out by the author in 2014–2017 in selected SMEs from Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie provinces.
{"title":"Digital transformation of business entities in competitive environment","authors":"P. Adamczewski","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.7","url":null,"abstract":"The global economy evolves into a “knowledge-based economy”, where market success of enterprises more and more depends on efficient knowledge management, that is on acquisition, generation, distribution and application of knowledge within organizations. The strategically impor tant nature of knowledge results firstly from the fact that it is harder to imitate and substitute when compared with material resources, and secondly from the fact that it is more flexible, i.e. more useful for the creation or improvement of various elements of the enterprise’s offer. This applies in par ticular to the issues of knowledge management in economic organizations, which can be analysed in the area of organizational structures, business processes, personnel, organizational structure as well as ICT that supports management. The objective of this article is to discuss organizational and technological aspects within the modern knowledge management using ICT called SMAC (Social, Mobility, Analytics, Cloud), being at present the canon of ICT support in this respect. The analysis has been illustrated with findings of research carried out by the author in 2014–2017 in selected SMEs from Mazowieckie and Wielkopolskie provinces.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"38 10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131967331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
As a result of the global financial crisis and the subsequent recession, income inequality has increased in most countries around the world. According to H. Immervoll and L. Richardson, the recent crisis, in contrast to previous global crises, was characterized by a higher impact on income distribution in OECD countries (Immervoll, Richardson, 2011, p. 4). In addition to changes in the labour market caused by recession, current global trends, such as demographic changes and changes in the size and composition of households, also impacted the level of inequality. The problem of income inequalities has not only affected the Anglo-Saxon model countries in their conduct of a liberal economic policy, but also countries classified as egalitarian, such as Germany or Sweden. Governments of many countries have attempted to hinder this process by using fiscal policy tools. Counteracting the increase in income inequality is one of the priorities of the state, according to the concept of maximin wellbeing (the level of overall wellbeing determines the wellbeing of the poorest social groups), or A. Sen’s account of wellbeing (inequalities reduce the level of overall wellbeing). The aim of this article is to classify OECD countries into fiscal models based on the criterion of the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure and to compare them in terms of the scope of redistribution by means of taxation and social transfers and the level of income inequalities. Based on a comparative analysis of the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure in 30 countries classified into six fiscal models and the Redistribution Index, Progression Index and Gini Index before tax and social transfers, the following hypotheses were verified: there is a relationship between the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure and the scope of redistribution; there is a relationship between the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure and the level of income inequalities; and countries with high levels of income inequality are characterized by a higher scope of re-
由于全球金融危机和随后的经济衰退，收入不平等在世界上大多数国家都有所加剧。根据H. Immervoll和L. Richardson的观点，与之前的全球危机相比，最近的危机的特点是对经合组织国家的收入分配产生了更大的影响(Immervoll, Richardson, 2011, p. 4)。除了经济衰退引起的劳动力市场的变化外，当前的全球趋势，如人口变化和家庭规模和组成的变化，也影响了不平等的水平。收入不平等问题不仅影响了实行自由经济政策的盎格鲁-撒克逊模式国家，也影响了德国、瑞典等平等主义国家。许多国家的政府试图通过使用财政政策工具来阻碍这一进程。根据福利最大化的概念(整体福利水平决定了最贫穷社会群体的福利)或A. Sen的福利解释(不平等降低了整体福利水平)，抵消收入不平等的增加是国家的优先事项之一。本文的目的是根据税收和公共支出结构的标准将经合组织国家分类为财政模型，并根据通过税收和社会转移的再分配范围以及收入不平等程度对它们进行比较。通过对30个国家的税收收入和公共支出结构的比较分析，将其分为6种财政模式，并采用税收和社会转移支付前的再分配指数、进步指数和基尼指数，验证了以下假设:税收收入和公共支出结构与再分配范围之间存在关系;税收和公共支出的结构与收入不平等程度之间存在某种关系;收入不平等程度高的国家的特点是再分配范围更大
{"title":"Income redistribution and the state’s fiscal system","authors":"Magda Wiśniewska-Kuźma","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2019.4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2019.4.7","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the global financial crisis and the subsequent recession, income inequality has increased in most countries around the world. According to H. Immervoll and L. Richardson, the recent crisis, in contrast to previous global crises, was characterized by a higher impact on income distribution in OECD countries (Immervoll, Richardson, 2011, p. 4). In addition to changes in the labour market caused by recession, current global trends, such as demographic changes and changes in the size and composition of households, also impacted the level of inequality. The problem of income inequalities has not only affected the Anglo-Saxon model countries in their conduct of a liberal economic policy, but also countries classified as egalitarian, such as Germany or Sweden. Governments of many countries have attempted to hinder this process by using fiscal policy tools. Counteracting the increase in income inequality is one of the priorities of the state, according to the concept of maximin wellbeing (the level of overall wellbeing determines the wellbeing of the poorest social groups), or A. Sen’s account of wellbeing (inequalities reduce the level of overall wellbeing). The aim of this article is to classify OECD countries into fiscal models based on the criterion of the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure and to compare them in terms of the scope of redistribution by means of taxation and social transfers and the level of income inequalities. Based on a comparative analysis of the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure in 30 countries classified into six fiscal models and the Redistribution Index, Progression Index and Gini Index before tax and social transfers, the following hypotheses were verified: there is a relationship between the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure and the scope of redistribution; there is a relationship between the structure of tax revenues and public expenditure and the level of income inequalities; and countries with high levels of income inequality are characterized by a higher scope of re-","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133844358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/nsawg.2019.2.19
Sylwia Sagan
{"title":"Ułatwienia organizacyjne dzielenia się wiedzą w przedsiębiorstwach województwa lubelskiego","authors":"Sylwia Sagan","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2019.2.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2019.2.19","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132932697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/nsawg.2021.4.10
M. Zaremba
An increasing amount of research and available data shows a clear increase in the level of inequality in worldwide terms over the past 30–40 years. In this context, India is a unique case due to the enormous ethnic and linguistic diversity and specific social institutions that have arisen over the centuries. The study is divided into three parts. The first one presents the problem of the inequalities in the contemporary world and their relationship with the processes of economic growth. The second part is devoted to an analysis of the inequalities in India in the years 1951–1989, and the third part is an analysis of this problem since 1990. The article ends with a conclusion, which briefly presents the analyses that were carried out. The study mainly uses historical analyses based on domestic and foreign literature, as well as an analysis of the existing data. According to the analyses studied, the shares of individual percentiles in income and wealth remained relatively constant throughout the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, with shares in the upper strata decreasing slightly over that time. In fact, there was an actual petrification of traditional structures and inequalities. These circumstances changed in the mid-1980s and accelerated significantly in the early 1990s along with liberal reforms based on the Washington consensus. As a result, the level of inequality has increased significantly over the past 30 years. This means that despite more than 70 years of economic reform, it was ultimately impossible to build a strong, egalitarian society. In the long run, this may lead not so much to the consolidation of the democratic system as to the emergence of a plutocracy in place of democracy, and New Delhi’s superpower ambitions will remain within the sphere of theories and plans.
{"title":"Ewolucja nierówności dochodowych i majątkowych w Indiach w latach 1951–2019","authors":"M. Zaremba","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2021.4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2021.4.10","url":null,"abstract":"An increasing amount of research and available data shows a clear increase in the level of inequality in worldwide terms over the past 30–40 years. In this context, India is a unique case due to the enormous ethnic and linguistic diversity and specific social institutions that have arisen over the centuries. The study is divided into three parts. The first one presents the problem of the inequalities in the contemporary world and their relationship with the processes of economic growth. The second part is devoted to an analysis of the inequalities in India in the years 1951–1989, and the third part is an analysis of this problem since 1990. The article ends with a conclusion, which briefly presents the analyses that were carried out. The study mainly uses historical analyses based on domestic and foreign literature, as well as an analysis of the existing data. According to the analyses studied, the shares of individual percentiles in income and wealth remained relatively constant throughout the 1950s, 1960s and 1970s, with shares in the upper strata decreasing slightly over that time. In fact, there was an actual petrification of traditional structures and inequalities. These circumstances changed in the mid-1980s and accelerated significantly in the early 1990s along with liberal reforms based on the Washington consensus. As a result, the level of inequality has increased significantly over the past 30 years. This means that despite more than 70 years of economic reform, it was ultimately impossible to build a strong, egalitarian society. In the long run, this may lead not so much to the consolidation of the democratic system as to the emergence of a plutocracy in place of democracy, and New Delhi’s superpower ambitions will remain within the sphere of theories and plans.","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133634633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mieczysław Dobija, Katedra Rachunkowości Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Ekon hab.
{"title":"Geopolityczne czynniki innowacyjnego rozwoju Polski i krajów Trójmorza","authors":"Mieczysław Dobija, Katedra Rachunkowości Wydział Zarządzania Uniwersytet Ekon hab.","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2019.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2019.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"119 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115966943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.16
Flavia Alex Bonga
In the last few years, there has been a massive growth of wireless technology in Tanzania. The m-Commerce which stands for Mobile Commerce, was originally introduced in 1997 by Kevin Duffey at the launch of the Global Mobile Commerce Forum, to mean, ‘the delivery of electronic commerce/ transaction capabilities direct into the customer’s hand, anytime and anywhere, via wireless network technology (Kaur, 2015). M-Commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet through wireless technology like as mobile phones. Although a large volume of literature is available on mobile commerce, the topic still is under development and offer potential opportunities for searching especially in developing countries context. This study will focus on mobile Money which is one of the m-commerce methods that mostly involve money transactions made using a mobile phone looking on its trend and challenges faced by this service. The number of internet users in Tanzania rose by 16 percent at the end of 2017 to 23 million, with the majority of those using their handsets to go online, the Tanzania Telecom Regulator (TCRA) said Mobile phone users have surged in Tanzania and other African countries over the past decade, due to the launch of cheaper smartphones and data services. Around 19 million mobile users in Tanzania accessed the world wide web last year through their mobile phones, up from 18 million in 2016, the state-run Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) said in a report. Internet penetration in the nation of around 52 million people ticked up to 45 percent in 2017 from 40 per-
{"title":"Trends and challenges of m-commerce using mobile money in Tanzania","authors":"Flavia Alex Bonga","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"In the last few years, there has been a massive growth of wireless technology in Tanzania. The m-Commerce which stands for Mobile Commerce, was originally introduced in 1997 by Kevin Duffey at the launch of the Global Mobile Commerce Forum, to mean, ‘the delivery of electronic commerce/ transaction capabilities direct into the customer’s hand, anytime and anywhere, via wireless network technology (Kaur, 2015). M-Commerce is the buying and selling of goods and services over the internet through wireless technology like as mobile phones. Although a large volume of literature is available on mobile commerce, the topic still is under development and offer potential opportunities for searching especially in developing countries context. This study will focus on mobile Money which is one of the m-commerce methods that mostly involve money transactions made using a mobile phone looking on its trend and challenges faced by this service. The number of internet users in Tanzania rose by 16 percent at the end of 2017 to 23 million, with the majority of those using their handsets to go online, the Tanzania Telecom Regulator (TCRA) said Mobile phone users have surged in Tanzania and other African countries over the past decade, due to the launch of cheaper smartphones and data services. Around 19 million mobile users in Tanzania accessed the world wide web last year through their mobile phones, up from 18 million in 2016, the state-run Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) said in a report. Internet penetration in the nation of around 52 million people ticked up to 45 percent in 2017 from 40 per-","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116907039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/nsawg.2019.3.15
Klaudia Rogowska, doktorantka Akademii Wsb w Dąbrowie Górniczej Polska mgr
{"title":"Ochrona zdrowia jako strategiczny obszar zarządzania państwa","authors":"Klaudia Rogowska, doktorantka Akademii Wsb w Dąbrowie Górniczej Polska mgr","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2019.3.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2019.3.15","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125115540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.11
Roman Chorób
{"title":"Confidence as a determinant of establishing and developing innovative integration connections in agribusiness","authors":"Roman Chorób","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.2.11","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115862701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Kształtowanie cywilizacji osoby jako warunek bezpieczeństwa człowieka na początku XXI wieku","authors":"K. Bochenek","doi":"10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/NSAWG.2019.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123737890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quality of life in the countryside after Poland’s accession to the European Union","authors":"B. Chmielewska, Józef Stanisław Zegar","doi":"10.15584/nsawg.2019.4.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15584/nsawg.2019.4.2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":265236,"journal":{"name":"Nierówności Społeczne a Wzrost Gospodarczy","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122344228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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