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Relationship between Brand Awareness and Competitive Advantage of Independent Petroleum Dealers in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya 肯尼亚乌辛吉舒县独立石油经销商品牌意识与竞争优势的关系
Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vol10n42739
Collins Kibet Boinett, Y. Kibet, Beatrice Jemaiyo
Consumers' value for a brand is known as "brand equity," and it is expressed in characteristics such as brand recognition, brand associations, perceived quality, brand loyalty, and other exclusive brand assets. The study's goal was to ascertain the connection between independent petroleum dealers' brand equity and competitive advantage in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. This paper examines the relationship between brand awareness and competitive advantage of independent petroleum dealers in Uasin Gishu County, Kenya. The brand equity theory grounded the study. The research design was correlational. A stratified and simple random sampling procedure was used to choose 26 independent petroleum dealers from the target population, consisting of 28 independent petroleum dealers, and a sample size of 338 employees. The questionnaire was chosen as the method for gathering data. The collected data was analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The analysis and presentation of descriptive statistics took the form of frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviation. With the use of multiple regression analysis, the hypotheses were tested. From the study findings, majority of workers concurred, according to the study's findings, that branding had improved the gas station's visibility and raised its competitive edge. Additionally, majority of workers believed that strong branding had affected customers' buying decisions. Similarly, most of the customers found the petroleum brands easy to memorize. They also agreed that branding petroleum dealers would increase brand recognition of the gas station. The study found a significant and positive correlation between independent petroleum dealers' competitive advantage and brand awareness (p = 0.000). The study recommends that brand endorsement be given more weight in order to strengthen the competitive advantage of independent gasoline dealers in Uasin Gishu County.
消费者对品牌的价值被称为“品牌资产”,它表现为品牌认知度、品牌联想、感知质量、品牌忠诚度和其他独家品牌资产等特征。本研究的目的是确定肯尼亚wasin Gishu县独立石油经销商的品牌资产与竞争优势之间的关系。本文考察了肯尼亚乌辛吉舒县独立石油经销商的品牌意识与竞争优势之间的关系。品牌资产理论是本研究的基础。研究设计是相关的。采用分层简单随机抽样方法,从目标人群中选择26家独立石油经销商,其中28家独立石油经销商,样本量为338名员工。我们选择问卷调查作为收集数据的方法。收集到的数据使用描述性和推断性统计进行分析。描述性统计的分析和呈现采用频率、百分比、平均值和标准差的形式。运用多元回归分析对假设进行检验。从研究结果来看,大多数员工同意,根据研究结果,品牌提升了加油站的知名度,提高了其竞争优势。此外,大多数员工认为强大的品牌影响了顾客的购买决定。同样,大多数消费者发现石油品牌很容易记忆。他们还同意,给石油经销商打上品牌,将提高加油站的品牌认知度。研究发现,独立石油经销商的竞争优势与品牌知名度之间存在显著的正相关关系(p = 0.000)。本研究建议增加品牌代言的权重,以增强wasin Gishu县独立汽油经销商的竞争优势。
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引用次数: 0
Product Positioning and Customer Targeting Practices Adopted by Small-Scale Manufacturing Firms in Rivers State, Nigeria 尼日利亚河流州小型制造企业采用的产品定位和客户目标实践
Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vol10n41726
Eno . A. Affiah, Udom Mina Elsie L, Peter Nwaguru, N. John, M. G. Okon
The study investigates the role of product positioning and customer targeting practices in small-scale manufacturing firms in Rivers State, Nigeria. 385 small scale manufacturing firms registered with the Nigerian Association of Small Scale Industrialists, Rivers State Chapter constituted the target population. The Krejcie and Morgan (1970) table was used to determine a sample size of 191. A structured questionnaire was designed by the researcher and administered to owners/managers of the SME manufacturing firms and responses analysed using means score and standard deviations to determine which practices are most adopted. Findings indicate that characteristics-based positioning was the most adopted product positioning practice while undifferentiated marketing was the most preferred customer targeting practice. It was concluded that product positioning and customer targeting play significant roles in providing a strategic direction for the small scale manufacturing firms.
该研究调查了尼日利亚河流州小型制造企业的产品定位和客户定位实践的作用。在尼日利亚小型工业家协会注册的385家小型制造企业,河流州分会构成了目标人群。Krejcie和Morgan(1970)表用于确定191个样本量。研究人员设计了一份结构化的问卷,并对中小企业制造企业的所有者/经理进行了管理,并使用均值得分和标准偏差分析了回应,以确定哪种做法最被采用。研究结果表明,基于特征的定位是最受欢迎的产品定位实践,而无差异化营销是最受欢迎的客户定位实践。研究结果表明,产品定位和顾客目标在为小型制造企业提供战略方向方面发挥着重要作用。
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引用次数: 0
Public relations tools for sustainable mutual understanding between higher educational institutions and their publics in Nigeria 促进尼日利亚高等教育机构与公众之间可持续相互理解的公共关系工具
Pub Date : 2022-04-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vol10n4116
H. G. Igben
This paper identifies the public relations tools which higher educational institutions use for building sustainable relationships with their strategic publics in Nigeria. Public relations tools as an important aspect of public relations practice in every organisation largely determine the status of relationship that higher educational institutions have with their respective publics. It is widely believed that the public relations tools higher educational institutions employ have the potentials for building healthy relationships with their publics with the consequent capacity for removal of unfavourable rumours and stories that could have negative implications for the organisations. A survey of 140 public relations staff and 313 students of higher educational institutions in Nigeria was carried out. Findings reveal that some higher educational institutions use some of the tools as a matter of custom without establishing whether such tools are relevant to addressing their corporate public relations needs. Others try to allow research to precede their selection of the public relations tools of the schools, while some yet do leave their public relations tools in reckless abandon. The study recommends that public relations departments or units of higher educational institutions should always establish the public relations needs of their respective higher educational institutions before initiating the tool for interacting with the publics in order to identify the most effective tool for interaction that would drive sustainable peaceful co-existence between higher educational institutions and their relevant publics.
本文确定了公共关系工具,高等教育机构用于建立可持续的关系与他们在尼日利亚的战略公众。公共关系工具作为每个组织公共关系实践的一个重要方面,在很大程度上决定了高等教育机构与各自公众的关系地位。人们普遍认为,高等教育机构使用的公共关系工具有可能与公众建立健康的关系,从而有能力消除可能对组织产生负面影响的不利谣言和故事。对尼日利亚140名公共关系工作人员和313名高等教育机构的学生进行了调查。调查结果显示,一些高等教育机构将一些工具作为习惯使用,而没有确定这些工具是否与解决其企业公共关系需求相关。有的学校在选择公共关系工具前,先进行研究,有的学校则不顾一切地抛弃公共关系工具。研究建议,高校公共关系部门或单位在启动与公众互动的工具之前,应始终确立各自高校的公共关系需求,以确定最有效的互动工具,推动高校与相关公众之间的可持续和平共处。
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引用次数: 1
Factors Influencing Cryptocurrency Adoption Among Nigerian University Fintech Entrepreneurs: An UTAUT perspective 影响尼日利亚大学金融科技企业家采用加密货币的因素:UTAUT视角
Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vo10.n3pp2537
P. I. Ebizie, A. Nkamnebe, O. C. Ojiaku
Electronic transactions in the financial sector have continued to surge unprecedentedly around the globe. Governments, politicians, and practitioners around the world have been paying close attention to cryptocurrencies in recent years. Cryptocurrencies, a cutting-edge method of exchanging value without the need for a physical medium, offer a number of potential advantages, including quick transactions, cross-border use, low transaction fees, transparency, high security, anonymity, and privacy. As a result, they are anticipated to bring about a significant revolution in the way money is exchanged in the future. In order to forecast adoption of cryptocurrency among Nigerian University FinTech Entrepreneurs, this study will use the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) paradigm. The population of study was drawn from three major universities in Anambra state. Sample sizes of 323 students were used, out of which 313 questionnaires were correctly filled and returned and were used for the analysis. The findings of the study shows that performance expectancy, effort expectancy and facilitating conditions have a positive relationship with cryptocurrency adoption while there was no relationship established with social influence. This study adds to the expanding body of literature on cryptocurrencies and provides beneficial knowledge to fund managers (investors), enterprises, and individual users (payees) (receiving cryptocurrency as a payment method).
金融领域的电子交易在全球范围内持续以前所未有的速度激增。近年来,世界各地的政府、政治家和从业者一直在密切关注加密货币。加密货币是一种无需物理媒介即可交换价值的尖端方法,具有许多潜在优势,包括快速交易、跨境使用、低交易费用、透明度、高安全性、匿名性和隐私性。因此,人们预计它们将在未来的货币交换方式上带来一场重大革命。为了预测尼日利亚大学金融科技企业家对加密货币的采用,本研究将使用技术接受和使用统一理论(UTAUT)范式。研究对象来自阿南布拉州的三所主要大学。使用了323名学生的样本量,其中313份问卷正确填写并返回用于分析。研究结果表明,绩效预期、努力预期和便利条件与加密货币的采用呈正相关,而与社会影响力没有关系。这项研究增加了关于加密货币的文献,并为基金经理(投资者)、企业和个人用户(收款人)(接受加密货币作为支付方式)提供了有益的知识。
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引用次数: 1
Vaccinated: Marketing Workforce Hybridization 接种疫苗:市场劳动力杂交
Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vo10.n3pp1424
M. Nadeem
With a hybrid workplace model, employers offer exceptional workplace places, create greater collaboration and community for workers and showcase an example of the modern workplace that is digitally flexible and hybrid.This article aims to explore how the organizations and workers impacted by the long-term impact of the pandemic have accelerated the work-from-home movement and exacerbated organizational issues associated with remote work. This study used qualitative content analysis methods and relied on recent remote work research articles, digital surveys, and interviews. This article provides a viewpoint based on the authors' professional experiences in academia and the industry. This narrative review aims to underscore how the pandemic brought lasting workforce changes, including the prevalence and permanence of remote and hybrid work. The article aims to present how companies are moving toward a hybrid workforce, capitalizing on both the collaborative nature of in-person work and the flexibility of telecommuting. This research aimed to study the new work models providing opportunities to supercharge customer intimacy, workers' engagement, and productivity. This study finds that the worker's challenges regarding job satisfaction, productivity, and organizational commitment work in progress as the COVID-19 pushed organizations into unprecedented and unplanned remote work, and hybrid work is the best remedial approach.The article adds to the body of knowledge regarding remote work in organizations focused on the new hybrid work environment created by the global pandemic. The result of the study recommends that organizations create a level playing field for workers, regardless of their location, empower managers, and care for workers as their highest priority not only structurally but in ways of workspaces, working, and culture for hybrid work. The general discussion includes the conclusions from the study for further qualitative and quantitative investigations with significant implications for academicians, practitioners, and policy makers.
通过混合型工作场所模式,雇主为员工提供了卓越的工作场所,为员工创造了更大的协作和社区,并展示了数字化灵活和混合型现代工作场所的典范。本文旨在探讨受疫情长期影响的组织和工人如何加速了在家工作运动,并加剧了与远程工作相关的组织问题。本研究采用定性内容分析方法,并依赖于最近的远程工作研究文章、数字调查和访谈。本文结合作者在学术界和产业界的专业经验,提出了自己的观点。本述评旨在强调大流行如何带来持久的劳动力变化,包括远程和混合工作的普遍存在和持久性。这篇文章的目的是展示公司是如何走向混合劳动力的,利用面对面工作的协作性质和远程办公的灵活性。这项研究旨在研究新的工作模式,为客户亲密度、员工参与度和生产力提供了机会。本研究发现,随着COVID-19将组织推向前所未有的、计划外的远程工作,员工在工作满意度、生产力和组织承诺方面的挑战正在进行中,混合工作是最好的补救方法。本文补充了有关组织中远程工作的知识体系,重点关注全球大流行造成的新的混合工作环境。研究结果建议,组织应该为员工创造一个公平的竞争环境,无论他们在哪里,赋予管理者权力,并将关心员工作为最优先考虑的事项,不仅在结构上,而且在工作空间、工作方式和混合工作文化方面。一般性讨论包括研究的结论,以进一步进行定性和定量调查,对学者、从业者和政策制定者具有重要意义。
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引用次数: 2
Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction with Complaint Management in The Nigerian Telecommunication Industry 尼日利亚电信行业投诉管理中的服务质量和客户满意度
Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vo10.n3pp113
Festus Osayande, P. O. Ogunode, Seun Oyebola Adejimi
This study examined “service quality and customer satisfaction with complaint management in the Nigeria’s telecommunication industry”. Specifically, it aimed at finding out the extent to which customers are satisfied or dissatisfied with the quality of services provided by mobile telecommunication operators and to investigate the extent to which dissatisfied customers complain regarding the services of their mobile telecommunication providers. The research instrument (questionnaire) was administered on a total of five hundred (500) randomly selected customers of MTN, GLOBACOM, Airtel, 9mobile, and Multi-links. Data obtained were coded and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics such as the frequency tables, One-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and the ‘t’ test for the difference between two population means. The sampling technique used in the study was the multi-stage cluster sampling. The findings from the research revealed that the proportion of customers who are satisfied with the services provided by mobile telecommunication firms is the same as those that are dissatisfied. It was thus recommended that telecommunication service providers should take bold steps to improve on their services in order to enhance customer satisfaction as this is key to achieving growth and profitability.
本研究考察了“尼日利亚电信行业投诉管理的服务质量和客户满意度”。具体来说,它旨在找出客户对移动电信运营商提供的服务质量的满意程度或不满意程度,并调查不满意的客户对其移动电信提供商的服务的投诉程度。研究工具(问卷)对随机选择的MTN, GLOBACOM, Airtel, 9mobile和Multi-links的总共500名客户进行了管理。对获得的数据进行编码和分析,使用描述性和推断性统计,如频率表、单向方差分析(ANOVA)和两个总体平均值之间差异的“t”检验。本研究采用的抽样技术为多阶段整群抽样。研究结果显示,顾客对移动通讯公司提供的服务感到满意的比例与不满意的比例相同。因此,建议电信服务提供商应采取大胆步骤改进其服务,以提高客户满意度,因为这是实现增长和盈利的关键。
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引用次数: 0
Advertising and Profitability; Evidence from Selected SMES in Uyo 广告和盈利能力;来自尤尤选定中小企业的证据
Pub Date : 2022-02-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vol10no2pp.1-12
Financial constraints, as well as a lack of managerial skills, equipment and technology, regulatory concerns, access to international markets, and unfair competition, are all reasons that impede the development of SMEs. SMEs require advertising strategies to ensure their long-term viability and growth in an ever-changing and competitive business environment. In this study, more attention will be paid to the question and relevance of advertising as a form of promotion to improve profitability. 50 small and medium scale enterprises were selected from Uyo. The survey was carried out in major urban center which is Uyo. This area was chosen because the tempo of economic activities being carried out by SMEs to meet the demands of the consumers is very high. The data used for this study were majorly primary and these were obtained from the field through the use of questionnaire. From the data gotten, Cronbach alpha was then used to test for the validity, consistency as well as the reliability of the data-set. All the constructs or items had Cronbach’s Alpha above the minimum acceptable reliability coefficient between 0.5 to 0.9 and therefore exhibits good internal consistency. Following the results, it is observed that the effect of advertising on profitability of the selected SMEs in Uyo metropolis is positive and significant. From the findings of this study, we conclude that advertising can significantly improve profitability of SMEs in AkwaIbom State.
资金紧张、管理技能、设备和技术的缺乏、监管问题、进入国际市场的机会、不公平竞争等都是阻碍中小企业发展的原因。中小企业需要广告策略,以确保其在不断变化和竞争激烈的商业环境中的长期生存和增长。在本研究中,将更多地关注广告作为一种促进提高盈利能力的形式的问题和相关性。从中选出了50家中小企业。这项调查是在尤尤的主要城市中心进行的。之所以选择这个地区,是因为中小企业为满足消费者的需求而开展的经济活动的速度非常快。本研究使用的数据主要是原始的,这些数据是通过使用问卷调查从实地获得的。从得到的数据,然后使用Cronbach alpha来检验数据集的有效性、一致性和可靠性。所有构念或项目的Cronbach 's Alpha均高于最低可接受信度系数0.5 ~ 0.9,具有良好的内部一致性。根据研究结果,我们发现广告对所选都市中小企业的盈利能力有显著的正向影响。从本研究的结果,我们得出结论,广告可以显著提高中小企业在AkwaIbom州的盈利能力。
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引用次数: 3
Consumer Preference Survey of De Choice Fast Food in Uyo Metropolis, Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria 尼日利亚阿夸伊博姆州尤约市消费者选择快餐的偏好调查
Pub Date : 2022-02-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.2013/vol10no2pp.13-34
The purpose of this study was to provide a description of fast-food consumers, analyze their preferences, determine the adequacy of current packaging material, and recommend improvements in media vehicles and promotional strategy. A sample of 172 consumers entering De Choice Fast Food in Uyo Metropolis, were conveniently selected, while descriptive statistics was used in analyzing the data obtained. Findings showed that De Choice Fast Food consumers were predominantly resident in Uyo metropolis, singles, more males than females with some levels of education, relatively young people with average incomes. Of all the consumers, those who liked De Choice Fast Food products thought it was tasty, with great value while those who had complaints said their price was on the high side but that the foods/snacks were spicy. Furthermore, the findings showed that consumers prefer white transparent clear plastic packaging to other materials and that they consider De Choice Fast Food location, parking space and interior to be adequate. More so, they love a variety of music like gospels, pop, rock and traditional music and are mostly reached through De Choice bill boards. From these findings, we concluded that most of the consumers of De Choice Fast Food products were average income earners, quite young and enterprising men and women; the foods were of good taste and great value and billboards were the most effective means of reaching most of the consumers. Based on this, we recommended that a complete repackaging of their service strategy be revisited through process engineering of key service areas.
本研究的目的是提供快餐消费者的描述,分析他们的偏好,确定当前包装材料的充分性,并建议媒体车辆和促销策略的改进。我们方便地选取了在Uyo大都市进入De Choice快餐的172名消费者作为样本,并使用描述性统计对所得数据进行分析。调查结果显示,De Choice快餐的消费者主要是居住在尤尤大都市的单身人士,具有一定教育水平的男性多于女性,相对年轻,收入平均。在所有的消费者中,那些喜欢De Choice快餐产品的人认为它很好吃,物超所值,而那些抱怨的人说他们的价格偏高,但食物/零食很辣。此外,调查结果显示,消费者更喜欢白色透明透明的塑料包装,而不是其他材料,他们认为De Choice快餐的位置,停车位和内部都是足够的。更重要的是,他们喜欢各种各样的音乐,比如福音音乐、流行音乐、摇滚音乐和传统音乐,他们主要是通过De Choice的广告牌联系到他们的。从这些发现中,我们得出的结论是,De Choice快餐产品的大多数消费者是中等收入者,相当年轻和有进取心的男性和女性;这些食品味道好,价值很高,广告牌是接触大多数消费者的最有效手段。基于此,我们建议通过关键服务领域的流程工程重新审视他们的服务策略的完整重新包装。
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引用次数: 1
Political Party Brand Competence and Voters’ Decision Making In Nigeria 尼日利亚政党品牌竞争力与选民决策
Pub Date : 2022-01-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.13/vol10no1pp.13-31
PhD. Adiele Austine Opara
This study examined the relationship between political party brand competence and voters’ decision making in Nigeria. The study adopted a cross-sectional survey in its investigation of the variables. Primary data was generated through structured questionnaire. The target population of this study was eighty four million, four thousand and eighty four (84,004, 084). Given an accessible population of twenty six million, six hundred and thirty four thousand six hundred and five (26,634,605) within the six geo-political zones in Nigeria, the sample size of 384 was determined using calculated using the Taro Yamane’s formula for sample size determination. The reliability of the instrument was achieved by the use of the Cronbach Alpha coefficient with all the items scoring above 0.70. The hypotheses were tested using the Pearson Product Moment Correlation Coefficient with the aid of Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 23.0. The tests were carried out at a 95% confidence interval and a 0.05 level of significance. The findings revealed that there is a significant political party brand competence and voters’ decision making in Nigeria. The study concludes that when political parties adopt and build brand competence it has a positive influence on voters’ decision making in Nigeria. The study recommends that political parties should always present brands (candidates) for elective positions based on personality of such candidates especially with regards to brand competence.
本研究检视奈及利亚政党品牌能力与选民决策的关系。这项研究在变量调查中采用了横断面调查。主要数据通过结构化问卷调查产生。本研究的目标人群为84,44,484(84,004,084)。考虑到尼日利亚六个地缘政治区域内的可接触人口为26,634,605(26,634,605),384个样本量是使用Taro Yamane的样本量确定公式计算的。使用Cronbach Alpha系数,所有项目得分均在0.70以上,从而获得仪器的信度。使用皮尔逊积矩相关系数与统计软件包为社会科学23.0版的辅助检验假设。检验以95%置信区间和0.05显著性水平进行。研究发现,尼日利亚的政党品牌能力对选民的决策有显著影响。该研究得出结论,当政党采用并建立品牌能力时,它对尼日利亚选民的决策产生积极影响。该研究建议,政党应该根据候选人的个性,特别是在品牌能力方面,推荐品牌(候选人)担任选举职位。
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引用次数: 0
Service Quality and Brand Loyalty of Banks in Bayelsa State of Nigeria 尼日利亚巴耶尔萨州银行的服务质量和品牌忠诚度
Pub Date : 2022-01-15 DOI: 10.37745/bjms.13/vol10no1pp.47-63
The study was embarked upon with the aim of determining the nature of the relationship between service quality and brand loyalty of banks in Bayelsa State of Nigeria, and this was done using responsiveness and reliability as dimensions of service quality and brand advocacy as a measure of brand loyalty, bringing about two research questions and study hypotheses which was put to the test by the use of the Pearson correlation coefficient method with the aid of SPSS software. The study adopted the descriptive design and used a questionnaire as a means of gathering data from the customers of selected banks in Bayelsa State amounting to a total of 140, but a total of 130 copies of the questionnaire were retrieved and used for the analysis of data which informed the conclusion and findings of the research. The study revealed a significant relationship between both reliability and responsiveness as dimensions of service quality and brand advocacy as a measure of brand loyalty. The study therefore concluded that there is a significant relationship between the variables and thus made the following recommendations; Banks should give prompt and quick response to its customers‟ compliant by creating a simple and fast compliant handling system; Banks must let its customers feel safe and secured in any transaction; Banks should create a strong feedback system that enables them to relate effectively with customers and understand them better; Banks should fasten their service processes.
该研究的目的是确定尼日利亚巴耶尔萨州银行的服务质量和品牌忠诚度之间关系的性质,这是使用响应性和可靠性作为服务质量和品牌宣传的维度作为衡量品牌忠诚度,带来两个研究问题和研究假设,通过使用Pearson相关系数方法在SPSS软件的帮助下进行测试。该研究采用描述性设计,并使用问卷调查作为收集数据的一种手段,从客户选定的银行在巴耶尔萨州共计140,但总共130份的问卷被检索和用于数据分析,告知结论和研究结果。研究揭示了可靠性和响应性作为服务质量的维度和品牌宣传作为品牌忠诚度的衡量标准之间的显著关系。因此,该研究得出结论,变量之间存在显著关系,因此提出以下建议:银行应建立简单快捷的合规处理系统,及时、快速地响应客户的合规要求;银行必须让客户在任何交易中都感到安全;银行应该建立一个强有力的反馈系统,使它们能够有效地与客户建立联系,更好地了解客户;银行应加快服务流程。
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引用次数: 0
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British Journal of Marketing Studies
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