Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8493-4.ch004
Alaattin Parlakkılıç
The amount of health data created in the world is increasing exponentially every day. Existing technologies such as data storage, fast processing of stored data, and data security are still sufficient, but it is predicted that some problems will most likely occur. The positive effects of blockchain technology have attracted attention on issues such as ensuring that people avoid direct contact in the pandemic, saving time, facilitating international cooperation, and reducing paperwork. Blockchain technology allows for the elimination of an authority or a central server. This feature makes data processing processes incredibly fast. It allows patient health data to be stored regularly, transferred quickly, and easily anonymized when necessary. In this way, the needs of patients who continue their treatment at home or in the hospital can be determined in advance. The drugs to be used, the necessary medical devices, and the treatment to be applied can be determined quickly, and, if necessary, the product supply can be automatically procured in advance and made ready.
{"title":"Blockchain Use Cases in Healthcare","authors":"Alaattin Parlakkılıç","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8493-4.ch004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8493-4.ch004","url":null,"abstract":"The amount of health data created in the world is increasing exponentially every day. Existing technologies such as data storage, fast processing of stored data, and data security are still sufficient, but it is predicted that some problems will most likely occur. The positive effects of blockchain technology have attracted attention on issues such as ensuring that people avoid direct contact in the pandemic, saving time, facilitating international cooperation, and reducing paperwork. Blockchain technology allows for the elimination of an authority or a central server. This feature makes data processing processes incredibly fast. It allows patient health data to be stored regularly, transferred quickly, and easily anonymized when necessary. In this way, the needs of patients who continue their treatment at home or in the hospital can be determined in advance. The drugs to be used, the necessary medical devices, and the treatment to be applied can be determined quickly, and, if necessary, the product supply can be automatically procured in advance and made ready.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127345312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1562-4.ch008
Cyber security is a constantly evolving area of interest. Many solutions are currently available and new methods and technologies are emerging. Although some solutions already exist in extended reality, a lack of engagement and storytelling is available, with a consequence of decreasing the probability of dissemination and awareness of the risks involved in cybersecurity. This chapter gives an overview of an extended reality platform that can be potentially used for the simulation of security threats and that combines artificial intelligence and game design principles. The main goal of this research is to develop an extended reality solution to simulate a story involving virtual characters and objects for the entertainment industry, with possible applications in other sectors such as education and training. After an introduction to extended reality, the chapter focuses on an overview on the available extended reality technologies in the context of cybersecurity.
{"title":"Using Extended Reality to Support Cyber Security","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1562-4.ch008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1562-4.ch008","url":null,"abstract":"Cyber security is a constantly evolving area of interest. Many solutions are currently available and new methods and technologies are emerging. Although some solutions already exist in extended reality, a lack of engagement and storytelling is available, with a consequence of decreasing the probability of dissemination and awareness of the risks involved in cybersecurity. This chapter gives an overview of an extended reality platform that can be potentially used for the simulation of security threats and that combines artificial intelligence and game design principles. The main goal of this research is to develop an extended reality solution to simulate a story involving virtual characters and objects for the entertainment industry, with possible applications in other sectors such as education and training. After an introduction to extended reality, the chapter focuses on an overview on the available extended reality technologies in the context of cybersecurity.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127369071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-6204-7.CH001
Michael A. Erskine, Will Pepper
This chapter presents an extension of the Emergency Description Information Technology (EDIT) project to facilitate the effective collection and communication of information during an emergency. New academic findings and industry technologies inform a modified research framework. The research framework contains four primary research areas that are described in detail. Extending the design-science approach used for the EDIT project could improve emergency communications during large-scale international gatherings, as well as for community emergency response.
{"title":"Toward the Improvement of Emergency Response Utilizing a Multi-Tiered Systems Integration Approach","authors":"Michael A. Erskine, Will Pepper","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-6204-7.CH001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-6204-7.CH001","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter presents an extension of the Emergency Description Information Technology (EDIT) project to facilitate the effective collection and communication of information during an emergency. New academic findings and industry technologies inform a modified research framework. The research framework contains four primary research areas that are described in detail. Extending the design-science approach used for the EDIT project could improve emergency communications during large-scale international gatherings, as well as for community emergency response.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129146750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-8134-5.CH002
C. Molebatsi, Seabo B Morobolo
This chapter reflects on the relationship existing between the state and the informal sector in Botswana. Despite embracing global calls for inclusive human settlements, the relationship between the state and the informal sector in Botswana equivocates between hostility and tacit recognition. This ambiguity is explained in terms of two overlapping stances, namely, the elitist and exclusionist natures of the country's settlement planning legislation. Botswana's settlement planning legislation plays a significant role in the creation of the informal sector, yet the existence of this same sector would not be openly embraced. Relying on the concept of human rights and justice implied in calls such as “just cities,” “right to the city,” and “sustainable livelihoods,” this chapter makes a case for coproduction of interventions with a view to establishing inclusive and sustainable human settlements that recognize the unavoidable nature of the informal sector.
{"title":"Debating the Informal Sector and Urban Planning in Botswana","authors":"C. Molebatsi, Seabo B Morobolo","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-8134-5.CH002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8134-5.CH002","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter reflects on the relationship existing between the state and the informal sector in Botswana. Despite embracing global calls for inclusive human settlements, the relationship between the state and the informal sector in Botswana equivocates between hostility and tacit recognition. This ambiguity is explained in terms of two overlapping stances, namely, the elitist and exclusionist natures of the country's settlement planning legislation. Botswana's settlement planning legislation plays a significant role in the creation of the informal sector, yet the existence of this same sector would not be openly embraced. Relying on the concept of human rights and justice implied in calls such as “just cities,” “right to the city,” and “sustainable livelihoods,” this chapter makes a case for coproduction of interventions with a view to establishing inclusive and sustainable human settlements that recognize the unavoidable nature of the informal sector.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116216511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-5547-6.CH003
D. Duran
This chapter is conducted according to the descriptive survey model in order to analyze within the framework of the multi-level governance approach the new metropolitan model created and the changes introduced by the Law No 6360 with their positive and negative aspects. Based on the recent related theoretical and empirical literature, the study addresses three issues in a comprehensive and systematic way: concept of multi-level governance, the reflections of the multi-level governance approach in the field of metropolitans in Turkey, the new metropolitan model brought by the Law No 6360 will be analyzed together with all the innovations it has introduced. Changes created by the new metropolitan model (representation and participation, local democracy, administrative structure, fiscal decentralization service provision, etc.) are evaluated along both their positive and negative dimensions.
{"title":"Reflections of the Multi-Level Governance Approach on the Turkish Metropolitan Municipality System","authors":"D. Duran","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-5547-6.CH003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5547-6.CH003","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter is conducted according to the descriptive survey model in order to analyze within the framework of the multi-level governance approach the new metropolitan model created and the changes introduced by the Law No 6360 with their positive and negative aspects. Based on the recent related theoretical and empirical literature, the study addresses three issues in a comprehensive and systematic way: concept of multi-level governance, the reflections of the multi-level governance approach in the field of metropolitans in Turkey, the new metropolitan model brought by the Law No 6360 will be analyzed together with all the innovations it has introduced. Changes created by the new metropolitan model (representation and participation, local democracy, administrative structure, fiscal decentralization service provision, etc.) are evaluated along both their positive and negative dimensions.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"85 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125003635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch002
Priyadarsini Patnaik
The greatest revolution in technology to date is artificial intelligence (AI). With rapid technological advances, government agencies, business, and academia are looking for guidance and standards around artificial intelligence. Several of the AI applications can be viewed as algorithms that make decisions, raising the question of when society will attempt to delegate decision making processes to computers. A crucial practical application should be in mind while creating a theoretical taxonomy about decisions and their context, in terms of norms, laws, and policies. Using artificial intelligence (AI), this study proposes a policy framework for the country by analysing FATE (fairness, accountability, transparency, and explainability). This study examines three core areas, namely public policy, artificial intelligence (AI), and decision making. As a means to better understand public policy, a description of how decision-making processes are based on the concept of artificial intelligence is presented.
{"title":"A Policy Framework Towards the Use of Artificial Intelligence by Public Institutions","authors":"Priyadarsini Patnaik","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch002","url":null,"abstract":"The greatest revolution in technology to date is artificial intelligence (AI). With rapid technological advances, government agencies, business, and academia are looking for guidance and standards around artificial intelligence. Several of the AI applications can be viewed as algorithms that make decisions, raising the question of when society will attempt to delegate decision making processes to computers. A crucial practical application should be in mind while creating a theoretical taxonomy about decisions and their context, in terms of norms, laws, and policies. Using artificial intelligence (AI), this study proposes a policy framework for the country by analysing FATE (fairness, accountability, transparency, and explainability). This study examines three core areas, namely public policy, artificial intelligence (AI), and decision making. As a means to better understand public policy, a description of how decision-making processes are based on the concept of artificial intelligence is presented.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125201936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7937-3.CH010
M. Tongiani, Jacopo Carfora, Anastasiya Reut
Today the competition in the distribution sector is becoming increasingly more cut-throat and consumers have multiple channels to choose from for making their purchases, each with different characteristics and use methods. The objective of this chapter is to obtain information and identify the elements that allow for highlighting the ability of the grocery retailers who use the web and the social media to expand their own reference markets and establish lasting relationships with the consumers, establishing high loyalty rates of the same. The basic idea is that of verifying the importance for the enterprises operating in the grocery sector both in Italy and Belarus of setting up an e-commerce website, and of making the means and instruments available to the clientele to allow them to shop in different ways to the traditional one. The information will be acquired by means of interviews with customers of a retailer in Italy and a retailer in Belarus. The analyses of the results will provide useful indications concerning the marketing activities of the retailers in both countries.
{"title":"Digital Marketing and Grocery Retailing Evidence From a Large Retailer in Italy and Belarus","authors":"M. Tongiani, Jacopo Carfora, Anastasiya Reut","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7937-3.CH010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7937-3.CH010","url":null,"abstract":"Today the competition in the distribution sector is becoming increasingly more cut-throat and consumers have multiple channels to choose from for making their purchases, each with different characteristics and use methods. The objective of this chapter is to obtain information and identify the elements that allow for highlighting the ability of the grocery retailers who use the web and the social media to expand their own reference markets and establish lasting relationships with the consumers, establishing high loyalty rates of the same. The basic idea is that of verifying the importance for the enterprises operating in the grocery sector both in Italy and Belarus of setting up an e-commerce website, and of making the means and instruments available to the clientele to allow them to shop in different ways to the traditional one. The information will be acquired by means of interviews with customers of a retailer in Italy and a retailer in Belarus. The analyses of the results will provide useful indications concerning the marketing activities of the retailers in both countries.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"99 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122621978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-8350-9.CH013
I. Junior, Clovis Demarchi
This chapter deals with the dignity of the human person and moral harassment, bringing some specific considerations about Brazilian reality. The scientific objective is to demonstrate the concrete existence of an impact on the principle of human dignity when harassment occurs in the environmental work. It is a theme that is in the discussion guide mainly from the beginning of this century, although abuse and humiliation have always been practiced in labor relations, with the same current scope, which is a tool to achieve generally derogatory ends of the human condition and intensified by the action of globalization in the contemporary world. Besides impact directly on the person, moral harassment in the work environment results in consequences for society, for company (organization), and the state.
{"title":"Bullying in the Work Environment and Human Dignity","authors":"I. Junior, Clovis Demarchi","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-8350-9.CH013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8350-9.CH013","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter deals with the dignity of the human person and moral harassment, bringing some specific considerations about Brazilian reality. The scientific objective is to demonstrate the concrete existence of an impact on the principle of human dignity when harassment occurs in the environmental work. It is a theme that is in the discussion guide mainly from the beginning of this century, although abuse and humiliation have always been practiced in labor relations, with the same current scope, which is a tool to achieve generally derogatory ends of the human condition and intensified by the action of globalization in the contemporary world. Besides impact directly on the person, moral harassment in the work environment results in consequences for society, for company (organization), and the state.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"123 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122914591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch012
Niranjan Devkota, Rabin Paudel, S. Parajuli, U. R. Paudel, U. Bhandari
Recent advances in technology in the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are significantly changing business environment. In the high-tech competitive edge, it has the immense use of computerized knowledge analytics, particularly for information management and the industrial sector. This study aims to analyze adoption of artificial intelligence among Nepalese industries, how industries are ready to adopt AI, challenges being faced and ways for improvement. Findings of the study revealed that on average 20.77% industries are ready in terms of technological sufficiency, 29.91% industries are ready in terms of management efficiency, and 39.23% industries are ready in terms of value creation potential in the firm for the adoption of AI intelligence. Further, 56% industries stated that small market size and lack of skilled manpower are the major challenges for AI adoption. Therefore, this study concludes that as stated by 44% industries, if they get adequate and relevant support from government, it would be easier for them to adopt AI.
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence Adoption Among Nepalese Industries","authors":"Niranjan Devkota, Rabin Paudel, S. Parajuli, U. R. Paudel, U. Bhandari","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"Recent advances in technology in the fields of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are significantly changing business environment. In the high-tech competitive edge, it has the immense use of computerized knowledge analytics, particularly for information management and the industrial sector. This study aims to analyze adoption of artificial intelligence among Nepalese industries, how industries are ready to adopt AI, challenges being faced and ways for improvement. Findings of the study revealed that on average 20.77% industries are ready in terms of technological sufficiency, 29.91% industries are ready in terms of management efficiency, and 39.23% industries are ready in terms of value creation potential in the firm for the adoption of AI intelligence. Further, 56% industries stated that small market size and lack of skilled manpower are the major challenges for AI adoption. Therefore, this study concludes that as stated by 44% industries, if they get adequate and relevant support from government, it would be easier for them to adopt AI.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"59 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131261699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-6684-3509-0.ch011
There are diverse ways and concepts to align the development of smart cities with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This chapter is concerned with ways of making sure that any smart city transformation is aligned in full or in part with the SDGs to achieve sustainability. It outlines fundamentals that affect any plan of smart city development. After discussing basic commitments of smart city sustainability, such as the Aalborg and other commitments, the chapter proceeds to distinguish between horizontal, vertical alignment, and blended alignment with SDGs. Emphasis is placed on two relevant SDGs: Goal 11 and Goal 17. An accelerated policy of action is suggested (Smart Rush). Finally, the chapter addresses the modalities of enhancing innovation and participation in smart sustainable cities.
{"title":"Alignment With Sustainable Development Goals","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-6684-3509-0.ch011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3509-0.ch011","url":null,"abstract":"There are diverse ways and concepts to align the development of smart cities with the UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). This chapter is concerned with ways of making sure that any smart city transformation is aligned in full or in part with the SDGs to achieve sustainability. It outlines fundamentals that affect any plan of smart city development. After discussing basic commitments of smart city sustainability, such as the Aalborg and other commitments, the chapter proceeds to distinguish between horizontal, vertical alignment, and blended alignment with SDGs. Emphasis is placed on two relevant SDGs: Goal 11 and Goal 17. An accelerated policy of action is suggested (Smart Rush). Finally, the chapter addresses the modalities of enhancing innovation and participation in smart sustainable cities.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131265725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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