Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-8350-9.CH006
I. Chirisa, Emma Maphosa, A. Matamanda, W. W. Mandaza-Tsoriyo, K. Chatiza
This chapter seeks to assess the trends in rights-based development (RBD) and citizenship in Zimbabwe based on constitutional knowledge to proffer options on how the public can become constitutionally knowledgeable towards developing the nation. The chapter is informed by constitutional knowledge gathered through qualitative data from document analysis and literature on this discourse. The chapter first discusses the provisions of RBD and citizenship in Zimbabwe in light of the constitution. It assesses the trends in RBD and citizenship in Zimbabwe past, present, and the future to analyze the trends in the changes in the development of the nation, based on constitutional knowledge. Lastly, it proffers policy options on ways to nurture constitutionally knowledgeable citizenry.
{"title":"Constitutional Knowledge, Rights-Based Development, and Citizenship in Zimbabwe","authors":"I. Chirisa, Emma Maphosa, A. Matamanda, W. W. Mandaza-Tsoriyo, K. Chatiza","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-8350-9.CH006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-8350-9.CH006","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter seeks to assess the trends in rights-based development (RBD) and citizenship in Zimbabwe based on constitutional knowledge to proffer options on how the public can become constitutionally knowledgeable towards developing the nation. The chapter is informed by constitutional knowledge gathered through qualitative data from document analysis and literature on this discourse. The chapter first discusses the provisions of RBD and citizenship in Zimbabwe in light of the constitution. It assesses the trends in RBD and citizenship in Zimbabwe past, present, and the future to analyze the trends in the changes in the development of the nation, based on constitutional knowledge. Lastly, it proffers policy options on ways to nurture constitutionally knowledgeable citizenry.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129332677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-2983-6.ch015
Rushil Raghavjee, P. Subramaniam, I. Govender
It is known that big data has penetrated several if not all spheres of life. In higher education, the ability to take these large amounts of data and process it into something meaningful for academic decision making is commonly referred to as learning analytics. This chapter provides an overview of learning analytics and its importance, as well as identifying academic data sources, techniques used for learning analytics and prediction, and data visualisation techniques used to present analysis for better understanding and eventual decision making. It also includes a discussion of learning analytics frameworks for research and some identified research challenges.
{"title":"Learning Analytics in Higher Education","authors":"Rushil Raghavjee, P. Subramaniam, I. Govender","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-2983-6.ch015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-2983-6.ch015","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that big data has penetrated several if not all spheres of life. In higher education, the ability to take these large amounts of data and process it into something meaningful for academic decision making is commonly referred to as learning analytics. This chapter provides an overview of learning analytics and its importance, as well as identifying academic data sources, techniques used for learning analytics and prediction, and data visualisation techniques used to present analysis for better understanding and eventual decision making. It also includes a discussion of learning analytics frameworks for research and some identified research challenges.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129441840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch007
Luis Vicente Doncel Fernández
Starting from a brief reference to the concept and typology of political democracy systems, the authors present in this chapter some of the most important challenges that the use of new information and communication technologies entails in both spheres of political decisions (from power or choosing power). It is logical to question and open a debate regarding the democratic validity of its use, since fake news, misinformation, bubble filters undoubtedly influence the propaganda of political parties and affect the message and its effectiveness. On the other hand, the new technological communication paradigm applied to the democratic electoral system, technically possible, also raises interesting considerations regarding its eventual institutionalization and its legitimacy in comparison with the classical model of participation.
{"title":"Digital Democracy","authors":"Luis Vicente Doncel Fernández","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-9609-8.ch007","url":null,"abstract":"Starting from a brief reference to the concept and typology of political democracy systems, the authors present in this chapter some of the most important challenges that the use of new information and communication technologies entails in both spheres of political decisions (from power or choosing power). It is logical to question and open a debate regarding the democratic validity of its use, since fake news, misinformation, bubble filters undoubtedly influence the propaganda of political parties and affect the message and its effectiveness. On the other hand, the new technological communication paradigm applied to the democratic electoral system, technically possible, also raises interesting considerations regarding its eventual institutionalization and its legitimacy in comparison with the classical model of participation.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129126789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4948-3.ch002
Arig M. Eweida
The UN Habitat New Urban Agenda deals with cities as an opportunity rather than a threat. Moreover, at the heart of every UN Habitat report you can find the call for knowledge and evidence-based policies as well as the call for reforming housing regulations and norms. However, an observer on Egypt's urban policies and regulations might find them at odds with each other. This chapter will start by briefly listing the major knowledge-based recommendations by UN Habitat, providing a brief history of Egypt's modern urban laws and policies accompanied by explanations of certain social factors. Finally, Egypt's current urban laws will be studied and evaluated in light of the above-mentioned recommendations.
{"title":"Urban Laws in Harmony or at Odds With Knowledge-Based Urban Policies","authors":"Arig M. Eweida","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-4948-3.ch002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4948-3.ch002","url":null,"abstract":"The UN Habitat New Urban Agenda deals with cities as an opportunity rather than a threat. Moreover, at the heart of every UN Habitat report you can find the call for knowledge and evidence-based policies as well as the call for reforming housing regulations and norms. However, an observer on Egypt's urban policies and regulations might find them at odds with each other. This chapter will start by briefly listing the major knowledge-based recommendations by UN Habitat, providing a brief history of Egypt's modern urban laws and policies accompanied by explanations of certain social factors. Finally, Egypt's current urban laws will be studied and evaluated in light of the above-mentioned recommendations.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124182382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-5984-9
{"title":"Security Frameworks in Contemporary Electronic Government","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-5984-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5984-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123669043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-4291-0.ch007
This chapter examines whether there are any aspects of communism that are missed and how people feel about democracy. While almost everyone said they preferred democracy to communism, people felt more secure about things such as their job, housing, and basic necessities under communism. Many of these aspects were affected by the centrally planned system used by communists. This chapter will discuss the differences between a centrally planned system and a capitalist system and how attitudes and behaviors of both governments and individuals can be affected by them. Additionally, there were some components of democracy people did not like. Many said democracy and capitalism made people too individualistic and materialistic. Even with these perceived shortcomings, people still felt democracy was a better political system.
{"title":"Does Anyone Miss Communism?","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-4291-0.ch007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4291-0.ch007","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter examines whether there are any aspects of communism that are missed and how people feel about democracy. While almost everyone said they preferred democracy to communism, people felt more secure about things such as their job, housing, and basic necessities under communism. Many of these aspects were affected by the centrally planned system used by communists. This chapter will discuss the differences between a centrally planned system and a capitalist system and how attitudes and behaviors of both governments and individuals can be affected by them. Additionally, there were some components of democracy people did not like. Many said democracy and capitalism made people too individualistic and materialistic. Even with these perceived shortcomings, people still felt democracy was a better political system.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126205729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-1562-4.ch002
Cognitive biases are a mistake in reasoning, evaluating, remembering, or other cognitive processes. They are mental errors caused by our simplified information processing strategies, and can be cultural, emotional, or intellectual predispositions toward a certain judgment, organizational bias, and bias that results from one's self-interest. The chapter explores some case studies in the foreign policy decision-making, distinguished in groupthink and polythink types, such as Pearl Harbor, Cuba Missile Crisis, Iraq Invasion of 2003, and post-9/11 environment.
{"title":"Policy-Decision Environment and Cognitive Biases","authors":"","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-1562-4.ch002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-1562-4.ch002","url":null,"abstract":"Cognitive biases are a mistake in reasoning, evaluating, remembering, or other cognitive processes. They are mental errors caused by our simplified information processing strategies, and can be cultural, emotional, or intellectual predispositions toward a certain judgment, organizational bias, and bias that results from one's self-interest. The chapter explores some case studies in the foreign policy decision-making, distinguished in groupthink and polythink types, such as Pearl Harbor, Cuba Missile Crisis, Iraq Invasion of 2003, and post-9/11 environment.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125667179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-5448-6.CH005
Umar G. Benna
The share of urban Africans is projected to increase 50 percent between 2010 and 2030; making Africa urbanization rate the world's highest. Either such a rate can trigger economic growth, social transformation, and poverty reduction; or alternatively, it can generate more inequality, urban poverty, and the proliferation of slums. The right choice will be shaped by the effectiveness of urban development actors, the efficacy of their industrial and urban policies, the efficiency of implementation tools designed to achieve integrated urban Africa. The reality has been a decline in the public-sector efforts to tackle the problems of industrialization and urban development deficit. However, hope is rising as some transformational entrepreneurs are creating jobs in urban and rural areas to tackle Africa's urban development deficit. This chapter explores the role of Dangote Group as an example of the rising transformative enterprise that is changing African development landscape.
{"title":"Transformative Entrepreneurs and Urban Development Deficit in Africa","authors":"Umar G. Benna","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-5448-6.CH005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5448-6.CH005","url":null,"abstract":"The share of urban Africans is projected to increase 50 percent between 2010 and 2030; making Africa urbanization rate the world's highest. Either such a rate can trigger economic growth, social transformation, and poverty reduction; or alternatively, it can generate more inequality, urban poverty, and the proliferation of slums. The right choice will be shaped by the effectiveness of urban development actors, the efficacy of their industrial and urban policies, the efficiency of implementation tools designed to achieve integrated urban Africa. The reality has been a decline in the public-sector efforts to tackle the problems of industrialization and urban development deficit. However, hope is rising as some transformational entrepreneurs are creating jobs in urban and rural areas to tackle Africa's urban development deficit. This chapter explores the role of Dangote Group as an example of the rising transformative enterprise that is changing African development landscape.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132556048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-5225-7937-3.CH011
C. Fernandes, M. J. Madeira, Maria Madalena Rocha Pereira
The fashion industry is experiencing a new dynamic as many professionals have decided to take the risk to create fashion-related businesses. As universities and private schools provide fashion courses, many paths can be taken by graduates in this vast and challenging industry, including careers as fashion design entrepreneurs. However, the lack of information regarding networking and business-creation can be a hard wall to come across, as fashion designers are not prepared in that sense by higher-education courses. Fashion education is still very focused on hard skills, forgetting to teach students to be pro-active and forward-thinkers; yet a new generation of fashion designers has transformed past experiences and professional vision to become entrepreneurs. This chapter provides results obtained through interviews of these fashion entrepreneurs in Portugal, as well as other countries around the globe. This work observes this ever-changing industry and suggests the rise of a new entrepreneurial reality in fashion design, as well as the multi-disciplinary people who are changing it.
{"title":"Fashion Design Entrepreneurs","authors":"C. Fernandes, M. J. Madeira, Maria Madalena Rocha Pereira","doi":"10.4018/978-1-5225-7937-3.CH011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7937-3.CH011","url":null,"abstract":"The fashion industry is experiencing a new dynamic as many professionals have decided to take the risk to create fashion-related businesses. As universities and private schools provide fashion courses, many paths can be taken by graduates in this vast and challenging industry, including careers as fashion design entrepreneurs. However, the lack of information regarding networking and business-creation can be a hard wall to come across, as fashion designers are not prepared in that sense by higher-education courses. Fashion education is still very focused on hard skills, forgetting to teach students to be pro-active and forward-thinkers; yet a new generation of fashion designers has transformed past experiences and professional vision to become entrepreneurs. This chapter provides results obtained through interviews of these fashion entrepreneurs in Portugal, as well as other countries around the globe. This work observes this ever-changing industry and suggests the rise of a new entrepreneurial reality in fashion design, as well as the multi-disciplinary people who are changing it.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133996329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.4018/978-1-7998-8925-0.ch012
Janiele Queiroz Mendes Caroba
This chapter aims to describe the role of intangible assets (trust, love, and well-being) in the development of organizations. After a first approach in which the authors point out distortions of the traditional organizational management models and politics in Brazil, they propose solutions adopted by several companies in construing of humanized models. Based on these successful experiences, they highlight several indicators that demonstrate the profitability of these organizations and their differentials in tackling the post-pandemic economic and social crisis.
{"title":"The Decisive Role of Intangible Assets in the Development of More Humane and Profitable Organizations in the Post-Pandemic Context","authors":"Janiele Queiroz Mendes Caroba","doi":"10.4018/978-1-7998-8925-0.ch012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-8925-0.ch012","url":null,"abstract":"This chapter aims to describe the role of intangible assets (trust, love, and well-being) in the development of organizations. After a first approach in which the authors point out distortions of the traditional organizational management models and politics in Brazil, they propose solutions adopted by several companies in construing of humanized models. Based on these successful experiences, they highlight several indicators that demonstrate the profitability of these organizations and their differentials in tackling the post-pandemic economic and social crisis.","PeriodicalId":271918,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development","volume":"163 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133523480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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