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Oxygen Absorption and Oxide Inclusion of Iron Weld Metal during Arc Welding 电弧焊中铁焊缝金属的氧吸收与氧化物夹杂
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.5.396
T. Kuwana, Yoshihiro Sato
Pure iron plates were welded using pure iron electrode wire in a controlled arc atmosphere. Effects of the oxidizing gas partial pressure in the welding atmospheres of Ar-O2 and Ar-CO2 gas mixture and welding conditions on the oxygen contents and the nonmetallic inclusions of the iron weld mteals were systematically studied.The results are as follows:1. The mean temperature of the iron weld pool is about 1910 K.2. The oxygen contents and the inclusions of the iron weld metals decrease with increasing the welding current and increase with increasing the arc voltage.3. The oxygen contents and the inclusions of the iron weld metals decrease slightly with increaseing the traveling speed.4. In Ar-O2 welding atmosphere, the oxygen contents and the inclusions of the iron weld metals increase with increasing the oxygen partial pressure, but the oxygen contents become constant value at about 0.26 wt.% in high oxygen partial pressure atmosphere. In Ar-CO2 welding atmosphere, the oxygen contents and the inclusions of the iron weld metals increase with increasing the carbon dioxide partial pressure. The oxide inclusions are seemed to be FeO.5. Behavior of the oxygen absorption into the iron weld metal is discussed using thermodynamic data.
用纯铁焊丝在可控电弧气氛下焊接纯铁板。系统研究了Ar-O2和Ar-CO2混合气体焊接气氛中氧化气体分压和焊接条件对铁焊缝金属氧含量和非金属夹杂物的影响。研究结果如下:1。铁熔池的平均温度约为1010k。铁焊缝金属中氧含量和夹杂物随焊接电流的增大而降低,随电弧电压的增大而升高。随着运动速度的增加,铁焊缝金属中氧含量和夹杂物略有下降。在Ar-O2焊接气氛下,随着氧分压的增加,铁焊缝金属中的氧含量和夹杂物均增加,但在高氧分压气氛下,氧含量趋于恒定,约为0.26 wt.%。在Ar-CO2焊接气氛下,随着二氧化碳分压的增加,铁焊缝金属中的氧含量和夹杂物均增加。氧化物夹杂物为fe5。用热力学数据讨论了铁焊缝金属的吸氧行为。
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引用次数: 8
Joining of Titanium-Matrix Composites Reinforced with SiC-CVD Fiber. SiC-CVD纤维增强钛基复合材料的连接研究。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.9.581
T. Onzawa, A. Suzumura, J. H. Kim, K. Takagami
In this study, we have been investigated on joining of titanium-matrix composites reinforced with SiC-CVD fiber (FRM) to FRM by tensile tests of the joints using butt joint, with a doubler and overlap length of 20 mm. The joinability was compared with solid state diffusion bonding and diffusion brazing using commercially pure copper and Ti-37.5Zr-15Ni-10Cu amorphous filler.As for mechanical properties of the joint, even the joint made at 1143 K for 5 min under the joining pressure of 12 MPa, which is slightly higher than that required in solid state diffusion bonding of the same material, was fractured in the base metal with tensile strength of 1400 MPa, resulting a joint efficiency of about 96%. The fiber damage decreases the strength of the joint as the joinging pressure increases. The diffusion brazability using commercially pure copper of 5 μm thickness at 1153 K was obtained good joint efficiency for 3 min under the joining pressure of 2 MPa, lower than that of diffusion bonding. In the diffusion brazability using Ti-base filler metal, the strength of the joint was equal to the strength of the base metal.Butt joint, with a doubler and overlap length of 10 and 15 mm, failed in shear at a tensile stress in the base material, resulting in a shear strength of about 125 MPa. The poor results were attributed to composites material of lower interlaminar shear strength.
本研究通过对接接头的拉伸试验,研究了SiC-CVD纤维增强钛基复合材料(FRM)与FRM的连接,对接接头采用倍频器,重叠长度为20mm。采用市售纯铜和Ti-37.5Zr-15Ni-10Cu非晶态钎料,比较了钎料的固相扩散焊和扩散钎焊的焊接性能。在接头力学性能方面,即使在1143k、5min、连接压力为12mpa(略高于同一材料的固态扩散连接压力)的条件下,接头也能在拉伸强度为1400 MPa的母材上断裂,接头效率约为96%。随着连接压力的增大,纤维的损伤降低了接头的强度。采用5 μm厚的市产纯铜在1153 K温度下进行扩散钎焊,在2 MPa的连接压力下,焊接时间为3 min,接头效率较低。采用钛基钎料进行扩散钎焊时,接头的强度与母材的强度相等。对接接头具有加倍接头,重叠长度分别为10和15 mm,在基材拉应力作用下失效,抗剪强度约为125 MPa。复合材料的层间抗剪强度较低,是导致效果较差的主要原因。
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引用次数: 0
Effect of Pulsed Welding Current on Solidification Cracking in Austenitic Stainless Steel Welds 脉冲焊接电流对奥氏体不锈钢焊缝凝固裂纹的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.7.245
T. Shinoda, Y. Ueno, I. Masumoto
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引用次数: 22
A Study on Object Modeling of Plate Structure by Parts Representation and Its Local Relations. 基于零件表示及其局部关系的板结构对象建模研究。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.9.507
H. Maekawa, Fumihiko Nagai, H. Horibe, S. Nakata
In the object modeling for a product that consists of many parts, it is required to describe not only a shape of each of the parts but also relations among them.In this paper, we propose a new product model for plate structures. Each of the parts is described as a predicate of prolog, which predicate consists of part's name and boundary-represented shape of the plate. Connectivity between two parts is also described by a predicate as a binary relation. Some fundamental concepts of local structure, that are important in design and manufacturing process, and their prolog implementation are shown.
在由多个零件组成的产品的对象建模中,不仅需要描述每个零件的形状,还需要描述零件之间的关系。本文提出了一种新的板结构产品模型。每个零件被描述为一个谓词,谓词由零件的名称和边界表示的板的形状组成。两个部分之间的连通性也由谓词描述为二元关系。给出了局部结构在设计和制造过程中重要的几个基本概念及其实现序。
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引用次数: 0
Weldability of 6% Superaustenitic Stainless Steel for Seawater Applications 海水用6%超奥氏体不锈钢的可焊性
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.9.154
T. Ogawa, T. Koseki
Corrosion resistant alloy welds for seawater applications are necessary to be over-alloyed with Cr, Mo and nitrogen to have an increased Pitting Index value. The desired weld chemistry also requires less microsegregation of Cr and Mo and precipitation free microstruciure not only for higher corrosion resistance but also for good mechanical properties and weld hot-cracking resistance. Based on such requisites for the welds, nitrogen-added Ni-based filler metal, 22Cr-60Ni-9Mo-0.1N, was developed for the welding of a 6%Mo superaustenitic stainless steel.The weldment by the newly developed filler metal showed excellent chloride corrosion resistance comparable to the base metal. The weld solidification and microstructure were fully austenitic without any other phases and brittle precipitates in the whole weld. Thereby, the weldment also offered good ductility, toughness and hot-cracking resistance superior to the weldment by the conventional Alloy 625 filler metal.
海水应用的耐腐蚀合金焊缝必须与Cr、Mo和氮过度合金,以提高点蚀指数值。理想的焊缝化学性质还要求较少的Cr和Mo的微偏析和无析出的显微组织,不仅具有更高的耐腐蚀性,而且具有良好的机械性能和焊接热裂性。基于这些焊接要求,开发了用于焊接6%Mo超奥氏体不锈钢的添加氮的ni基填充金属22Cr-60Ni-9Mo-0.1N。新开发的钎料焊件具有与母材相当的优异的耐氯化物腐蚀性能。焊缝凝固和组织为完全奥氏体,无其他相和脆性析出物。因此,该焊件具有良好的延展性、韧性和抗热裂性,优于传统的Alloy 625填充金属焊件。
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引用次数: 7
Influence of Microstructure in the Heat-Affected Zone on the Reheat Cracking Susceptibility of Cr-Mo steel 热影响区组织对Cr-Mo钢再热开裂敏感性的影响
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.9.398
Mitsuru Nakamura, Late Toshio Enjo, Y. Kikuchi
by Mitsuru Nakamura, Late Toshio Enjo and Yasushi Kikuchi Influence of microstructure in the Heat-Affected Zone on the reheat cracking susceptibility of Cr -Mo steels (11/4Cr-1/2Mo steel , 21/4Cr-lMo steel and 5Cr-1/2Mo steel) were studied. Reheat crackingg tests on 3 type steels were carried out by means of three point bending method, constant-strain rate test on heating and constant-load test on heating. Influence of microstructure of synthetic HAZ at high temperature during the reheat treatment process was investigated by atomic absorption spectrometry, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopic observation. The relation between the concentration of alloying elements in the precipitated carbides and their concentration in the matrix of synthetic HAZ were investigated. The effect of this relationship on the stress relaxation behavior was discussed. The results are summarized as follows. 1) The reheat cracking susceptibility of Cr-Mo steels were very low. The reason why it is estimated that it had good stress relaxation behavior during reheat treatment process. 2) The reheat cracking susceptibility of Bainitic structure specimens (Air Cooled) was the higher than that of Lath-martensitic structure specimens (Water Quenched) of 11/4Cr-1/2Mo steel and 21/4 Cr-lMo steel. But, it was not occured to reheat cracking on both specimens A.C and W.Q of 5Cr-1/ 2Mo steel. 3) The difference of reheat cracking susceptibility could be explained by the stress relaxation behavior of specimens and change of the concentration of alloying elements in the matrix. Especially, change of Cr content during the reheat treatment process is effective.
研究了热影响区组织对Cr -Mo钢(11/4Cr-1/2Mo钢、21/4Cr-lMo钢和5Cr-1/2Mo钢)再热开裂敏感性的影响。采用三点弯曲法、加热恒应变速率试验和加热恒载荷试验对3种型钢进行了再热开裂试验。采用原子吸收光谱法、x射线衍射法和扫描电镜观察研究了再热处理过程中高温下合成热影响区微观结构的影响。研究了合成热影响区基体中合金元素含量与析出碳化物中合金元素含量的关系。讨论了这种关系对应力松弛行为的影响。结果总结如下:1) Cr-Mo钢的再热开裂敏感性很低。其原因估计是在再热处理过程中具有良好的应力松弛行为。2) 11/4Cr-1/2Mo钢和21/4 Cr-lMo钢的贝氏体组织试样(风冷)的再热开裂敏感性高于板条马氏体组织试样(水淬)。而5Cr-1/ 2Mo钢的ac和w - q试样均未发生再热开裂。3)试样的应力松弛行为和基体中合金元素浓度的变化可以解释再热开裂敏感性的差异。特别是在再热处理过程中,Cr含量的变化是有效的。
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引用次数: 1
Analysis of laser transformation hardening process of hypoeutectoid steel. 1st Report, Formulation and computer model for coupled analysis between temperature field and structural changes. 亚共析钢激光相变硬化过程分析。温度场与结构变化耦合分析的公式与计算机模型。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.9.50
Katsunori Inoue, E. Ohmura, N. Ohata, Yasuyuki Takamachi
Coupling effects between the temperature field and the structural changes are considered in the analysis of the laser transformation hardening process. The volume fractions of the structural components, the latent heat during the phase transformation and structure dependence of the thermophysical properties are introduced during the iterational calculations of the temperature distribution and the structural changes. The carbon content, mean value of the grain size of the prior austentite, and the size and the interlamellar spacing of the pearlite colony are input for the initial parameters. Numerical computations are carried out by the finite element method, and the hardness distribution in HAZ can be also obtained
在分析激光相变硬化过程时,考虑了温度场与组织变化之间的耦合效应。在温度分布和结构变化的国际计算中,引入了结构组分的体积分数、相变过程中的潜热和热物性的结构依赖关系。初始参数输入的是碳含量、先前奥氏体晶粒尺寸的平均值以及珠光体群体的尺寸和层间距。采用有限元法进行了数值计算,得到了热影响区内的硬度分布
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引用次数: 1
Oxygen and Nitrogen contents of Multilayer Weld Metal by Submerged Arc Welding 埋弧焊多层焊缝金属的氧、氮含量
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/qjjws.9.512
K. Shimizu, N. Iwamoto, T. Akamatsu, S. Ukita, K. Miyasaka
This study was made on the oxygen and nitrogen contents and notch toughness of the multilayered weld metal produced by submerged arc welding.The results obtained are summarized as follows.(1) The oxygen content of multilayered weld metal increased as the number of layered weld metal increased.(2) The nitrogen content of multilayered weld metal is almost constant irrespective of the number of layered weld metal.(3) The silicon content of multilayered weld metal increased as the number of layered weld metal increased, and the oxygen content of multilayered weld metal shows the similar tendency.(4) The manganese content of multilayered weld matal increased by MnO included flux, and decreased by flux without MnO as the number of layered weld metal increased.(5) The carbon content of multilayered weld metal decreased as the number of layered weld metal increased.(6) The impact value of multilayered weld metal is roughly constant, but the value of last layered weld metal decreased slightly.(7) The oxygen and nitrogen contents of weld metal does not change remarkablly irrespective of heat treatment.(8) The oxygen content of weld metal increased as the welding current increased, but the nitrogen content in weld metal decreased as the welding current increased, and the impact value of weld metal generally decreased as the welding current increased.
对埋弧焊多层焊缝金属的氧、氮含量及缺口韧性进行了研究。结果表明:(1)多层焊缝金属的氧含量随层状焊缝金属数量的增加而增加,(2)与层状焊缝金属数量无关,多层焊缝金属的氮含量基本不变,(3)多层焊缝金属的硅含量随层状焊缝金属数量的增加而增加。(4)随着层状焊缝金属数量的增加,含MnO助焊剂使多层焊缝材料的锰含量增加,不含MnO助焊剂使多层焊缝材料的锰含量降低。(5)随着层状焊缝金属数量的增加,多层焊缝金属的碳含量降低。(6)多层焊缝金属的冲击值基本恒定。(7)焊缝金属中氧、氮含量随焊接电流的增大而增大,而焊缝金属中氮含量随焊接电流的增大而减小,焊缝金属的冲击值普遍随焊接电流的增大而减小。
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引用次数: 0
A Study on Mechanical Properties of the Grain Growth Region in Gold wire Ball Bonding 金丝球焊晶粒生长区力学性能研究
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.9.587
Y. Ichiyama, T. Saito, Y. Ohno
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引用次数: 3
A new formula for estimating HAZ maximum hardness in welded steel. 一种估算焊接钢热影响区最大硬度的新公式。
Pub Date : 1900-01-01 DOI: 10.2207/QJJWS.4.90
Haruyoshi Suzuki
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引用次数: 12
期刊
Transactions of the Japan Welding Society
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