미ㆍ중 통상마찰은 우리나라의 대외경제 불확실성을 야기하는 주요 변수 중 하나로 지목되고 있다. 주지하듯이 미ㆍ중 통상마찰의 본질은 중국의 기술 굴기에 따른 미ㆍ중 간 기술패권 경쟁이다. 중국의 기술 굴기에 대응하기 위하여 중국정부가 추진하고 있는 대표적인 산업 육성정책인 「중국제조 2025」에 대한 구체적인 분석과 평가가 선행되어야 한다. 다음으로 적절한 대응책이 무엇인지에 대한 논의가 뒤따라야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 관점에서 「중국제조 2025」의 핵심 정책과제 중 하나인 제조업 혁신 네트워크 구축이 어떻게 진행되고 있는지 분석하고 평가하였다. U.S.-China trade friction is one of the major variables causing external economic uncertainty in Korea. The competition for technological supremacy between the U.S. and China has been pointed out as lying at the essence of the trade friction between the U.S. and China, prompted by China’s rise in technological prowess. As the most representative industrial development policy by the Chinese government to respond to this rise in the nation’s technological prowess, the Made in China 2025 (MIC 2025) plan deserves detailed analysis and evaluation, based on which we can debate proper response measures. In this regard, this study analyzed and evaluated the progress of measures to establish a manufacturing innovation network currently ongoing within China, one of the key policy tasks of MIC 2025.
美中贸易摩擦被认为是导致韩国对外经济不确定性的主要变数之一。众所周知，中美贸易摩擦的本质是中国技术崛起带来的中美技术霸权竞争。为了应对中国的技术崛起，首先要对中国政府正在推进的代表性产业培育政策《中国制造2025》进行具体分析和评价。其次，应该讨论适当的对策是什么。本研究从这一观点出发，分析和评价了《中国制造2025》的核心政策课题之一——制造业创新网络的构建进展情况。China trade friction is one of the major variables causing external economic uncertainty in Korea。The competition for technological supremacy between The u.s. and China has been pointed out as lying at The essence of The trade friction between The u.s. and China;prompted by China ' s rise in technological prowess。the most representative industrial development policy by the Chinese government to respond to this rise in the nation ' s technological prowess;中国制造2025 (MIC 2025) plan deserves detailed analysis and evaluation, based on which we can debate proper response measures。In this regard, this study analyzed and evaluated the progress of measures to establish a manufacturing innovation network currently ongoing within China, one of the key policy tasks of MIC 2025。
{"title":"중국 제조업 혁신 네트워크 구축과 사례연구 (The Establishment of a Manufacturing Innovation Network in China: Review and Case Studies)","authors":"Hongwon Kim, Joohye Kim","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3709743","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3709743","url":null,"abstract":"미ㆍ중 통상마찰은 우리나라의 대외경제 불확실성을 야기하는 주요 변수 중 하나로 지목되고 있다. 주지하듯이 미ㆍ중 통상마찰의 본질은 중국의 기술 굴기에 따른 미ㆍ중 간 기술패권 경쟁이다. 중국의 기술 굴기에 대응하기 위하여 중국정부가 추진하고 있는 대표적인 산업 육성정책인 「중국제조 2025」에 대한 구체적인 분석과 평가가 선행되어야 한다. 다음으로 적절한 대응책이 무엇인지에 대한 논의가 뒤따라야 할 것이다. 본 연구는 이러한 관점에서 「중국제조 2025」의 핵심 정책과제 중 하나인 제조업 혁신 네트워크 구축이 어떻게 진행되고 있는지 분석하고 평가하였다. U.S.-China trade friction is one of the major variables causing external economic uncertainty in Korea. The competition for technological supremacy between the U.S. and China has been pointed out as lying at the essence of the trade friction between the U.S. and China, prompted by China’s rise in technological prowess. As the most representative industrial development policy by the Chinese government to respond to this rise in the nation’s technological prowess, the Made in China 2025 (MIC 2025) plan deserves detailed analysis and evaluation, based on which we can debate proper response measures. In this regard, this study analyzed and evaluated the progress of measures to establish a manufacturing innovation network currently ongoing within China, one of the key policy tasks of MIC 2025.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132820081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper examines the effects of public subsidies across several dimensions of innovation and the implications for productivity. As an identification strategy, panel data is used to estimate a structural innovation model that controls for unobserved heterogeneity combined with matching techniques that help ensure comparability between subsidized and non-subsidized firms. The findings reveal that public subsidies reduce firms’ economic performance in lower and higher technology industries despite promoting indigenous innovation in the higher technology industries. Policymakers may tolerate lower average efficiency if they expect that some of the state-backed firms will go on to become innovators that go on to generate significantly large social welfare payoffs. Although the find-ings do not support such an expectation, thus bringing into question whether the social payoff from China’s so-called picking ‘winners’ strategy justifies the cost.
{"title":"Do Subsidies Matter for Indigenous Innovation and Firm Productivity?","authors":"Anthony Howell","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3608745","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3608745","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the effects of public subsidies across several dimensions of innovation and the implications for productivity. As an identification strategy, panel data is used to estimate a structural innovation model that controls for unobserved heterogeneity combined with matching techniques that help ensure comparability between subsidized and non-subsidized firms. The findings reveal that public subsidies reduce firms’ economic performance in lower and higher technology industries despite promoting indigenous innovation in the higher technology industries. Policymakers may tolerate lower average efficiency if they expect that some of the state-backed firms will go on to become innovators that go on to generate significantly large social welfare payoffs. Although the find-ings do not support such an expectation, thus bringing into question whether the social payoff from China’s so-called picking ‘winners’ strategy justifies the cost.<br>","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131354283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Against the backdrop of coronavirus pandemic-induced economic crises, small and medium business sector oriented towards off-line services provision has been worst-hit. In reality, demand for services provided by catering, entertainment, tourism, hospitality, beauty-business, and non-food retail has declined several-fold amid lockdown. This being said, the need to pay wages, taxes, social contributions, rental charges, bank credit interest, and contractors for supplies and other services has remained. All types of businesses who missed the chance to switchover to online services provision or stick to business model for rendering exclusively personal off-line services to date are exposed to bankruptcy risk. Cash gap is on the rise that can lead to bankruptcy of multiple small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) unable rapidly and without losing work performance to switchover to the online regime especially in large Russian cities. In this memorandum we present assessment of the crisis impact on income, employment, lending, and the number of SMEs.
{"title":"Development Trends of Small and Medium-sized Enterprises Amid Pandemic-Induced Crisis","authors":"Stepan Zemtsov, Y. Tsareva","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3629589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3629589","url":null,"abstract":"Against the backdrop of coronavirus pandemic-induced economic crises, small and medium business sector oriented towards off-line services provision has been worst-hit. In reality, demand for services provided by catering, entertainment, tourism, hospitality, beauty-business, and non-food retail has declined several-fold amid lockdown. This being said, the need to pay wages, taxes, social contributions, rental charges, bank credit interest, and contractors for supplies and other services has remained. All types of businesses who missed the chance to switchover to online services provision or stick to business model for rendering exclusively personal off-line services to date are exposed to bankruptcy risk. Cash gap is on the rise that can lead to bankruptcy of multiple small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) unable rapidly and without losing work performance to switchover to the online regime especially in large Russian cities. In this memorandum we present assessment of the crisis impact on income, employment, lending, and the number of SMEs.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"832 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126906736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In the management of human resources required management can manage resources systematically, planned, and efficiently. Research shows that motivation is a very important thing to look for the management and all members of the organization/company to create a safe, controlled work environment and increased work productivity. The research purpose is to see the effect of training and work motivation on employee performance PT. Bank Negara Indonesia. This research uses descriptive and causal methods with quantitative approaches. Data analysis techniques in this study using multiple linear regression analysis techniques using the SPSS 22 program. The results of this research demonstrate that training, work motivation, and occupational health and safety have positive and significant effects on employee performance both simultaneously and partially.
{"title":"The Effect of Job Training, Work Motivation, and Health and Work Safety on Employee Performance at Pt. Bank Negara Indonesia","authors":"Maspul Djibran","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3603088","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3603088","url":null,"abstract":"In the management of human resources required management can manage resources systematically, planned, and efficiently. Research shows that motivation is a very important thing to look for the management and all members of the organization/company to create a safe, controlled work environment and increased work productivity. The research purpose is to see the effect of training and work motivation on employee performance PT. Bank Negara Indonesia. This research uses descriptive and causal methods with quantitative approaches. Data analysis techniques in this study using multiple linear regression analysis techniques using the SPSS 22 program. The results of this research demonstrate that training, work motivation, and occupational health and safety have positive and significant effects on employee performance both simultaneously and partially.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128721893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
COVID-19 is not just a public health crisis. Its economic fallout is tremendous and still unknown. During and post-COVID, the business will not be as usual. Disaster and recovery management literature provides for ways of working through a crisis including recovery and preparedness. This article discusses how B2B firms can recover from the present crisis and can help revive the global economy by utilizing disaster and recovery management concepts and framework. The article provides lessons for recovery and preparedness for managers and entrepreneurs working in the B2B domain.
{"title":"Business Not As Usual: Recovery and Future Preparedness of B2B Manufacturing Firms in a Post-COVID World","authors":"Piyush Pranjal, Soumya Sarkar","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3626182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3626182","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 is not just a public health crisis. Its economic fallout is tremendous and still unknown. During and post-COVID, the business will not be as usual. Disaster and recovery management literature provides for ways of working through a crisis including recovery and preparedness. This article discusses how B2B firms can recover from the present crisis and can help revive the global economy by utilizing disaster and recovery management concepts and framework. The article provides lessons for recovery and preparedness for managers and entrepreneurs working in the B2B domain.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122227716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abdullah Alanezi, Tamer K. Darwish, Satwinder Singh, Anne Miroux
Owing to rising unemployment among Saudi nationals, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has instituted Saudization, a localization policy that strives to induce the employment of more Saudi nationals in the private sector. A major gap in the literature is the lack of empirical investigation regarding the relationships between indigenization and the underlying principles of its process. This study seeks to fill this gap. The study assesses the success or otherwise of the Saudization initiative empirically and uncovers several features. It finds that TNCs that experience the external pressures to localize their workforce, and those that wish to enhance their social legitimacy, are more likely to comply with Saudization. Furthermore, TNCs do not believe that the process of localization provides them with economic gains. Legal coercion to adhere to the Saudization initiative turns out to be a highly significant instrument in making TNCs adhere to the localization process. The study also finds that neither age nor the size of the firm have an impact on the Saudization programme. Implications for theory and practice are drawn out.
{"title":"Substituting Expats With Locals: TNCs and the Indigenization Policies of Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdullah Alanezi, Tamer K. Darwish, Satwinder Singh, Anne Miroux","doi":"10.18356/41c3a7d3-en","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18356/41c3a7d3-en","url":null,"abstract":"Owing to rising unemployment among Saudi nationals, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) has instituted Saudization, a localization policy that strives to induce the employment of more Saudi nationals in the private sector. A major gap in the literature is the lack of empirical investigation regarding the relationships between indigenization and the underlying principles of its process. This study seeks to fill this gap. The study assesses the success or otherwise of the Saudization initiative empirically and uncovers several features. It finds that TNCs that experience the external pressures to localize their workforce, and those that wish to enhance their social legitimacy, are more likely to comply with Saudization. Furthermore, TNCs do not believe that the process of localization provides them with economic gains. Legal coercion to adhere to the Saudization initiative turns out to be a highly significant instrument in making TNCs adhere to the localization process. The study also finds that neither age nor the size of the firm have an impact on the Saudization programme. Implications for theory and practice are drawn out.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122570153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. Makarova, A. Ershov, N. S. Kibitkina, I. M. Timoshenko, Petr Shinkarenko
Russian Abstract: Направления социально-экономического развития региона должны соответствовать приоритетным направлениям развития Российской Федерации и основываться на отраслях, в которых регион обладает конкурентоспособными компетенциями. В связи с этим актуальной является задача по разработке системы приоритетов регионального социально-экономического развития, синхронизированных с целями национальных проектов и базирующихся на конкурентных преимуществах региона. Для решения данной задачи необходим современный инструментарий, основанный на лучших отечественных и международных практиках, адаптированных для использования и масштабирования на уровне субъектов Российской Федерации и на межрегиональном уровне.
English Abstract: The directions of the socio-economic development of the region must correspond to the priority directions of the development of the Russian Federation and be based on the industries in which the region has competitive competencies. In this regard, the task of developing a system of priorities for regional socio-economic development, synchronized with the goals of national projects and based on the competitive advantages of the region, is urgent. To solve this problem, modern tools are needed based on the best domestic and international practices, adapted for use and scaling at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and at the inter-regional level.
{"title":"Изучение и адаптация современных подходов к социально-экономическому развитию территорий для стратегического развития регионов Российской Федерации (Study and Adaptation of Modern Approaches to the Socio-Economic Development of Territories for the Strategic Development of Regions of the Russian Fede","authors":"O. Makarova, A. Ershov, N. S. Kibitkina, I. M. Timoshenko, Petr Shinkarenko","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3678074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3678074","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Russian Abstract:</b> Направления социально-экономического развития региона должны соответствовать приоритетным направлениям развития Российской Федерации и основываться на отраслях, в которых регион обладает конкурентоспособными компетенциями. В связи с этим актуальной является задача по разработке системы приоритетов регионального социально-экономического развития, синхронизированных с целями национальных проектов и базирующихся на конкурентных преимуществах региона. Для решения данной задачи необходим современный инструментарий, основанный на лучших отечественных и международных практиках, адаптированных для использования и масштабирования на уровне субъектов Российской Федерации и на межрегиональном уровне.<br><br><b>English Abstract:</b> The directions of the socio-economic development of the region must correspond to the priority directions of the development of the Russian Federation and be based on the industries in which the region has competitive competencies. In this regard, the task of developing a system of priorities for regional socio-economic development, synchronized with the goals of national projects and based on the competitive advantages of the region, is urgent. To solve this problem, modern tools are needed based on the best domestic and international practices, adapted for use and scaling at the level of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation and at the inter-regional level.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114534473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study on the effects of the implementation of ADSDPP in Taocanga, Manay, Davao Oriental intended to assess the socio-economic conditions in the indigenous community before and after the ADSDPP was implemented. Furthermore, the study also determines if there is a significant improvement after the implementation of the plan. The descriptive-evaluative method of research was employed. It utilized primary data obtained from the responses of 120 Mandayas to the survey questionnaire used to assess the effects of the implementation. Chi-square and t-test were used to enable to compare observed and expected frequencies objectively and to determine whether there was a significant difference in the socio-economic condition before and after the ADSDPP were implemented. The study integrated quantitative and qualitative techniques in the collection and analysis of data to provide a better understanding of the research problem. Results showed that in terms of annual household income and access to credit, there was a significant difference in the economic status of the IP respondents. There was also a considerable difference in the social state of the IP respondents. In terms of health insurance, savings for future needs and emergencies, and social involvement. Access to roads, crop diseases, and the peace and order situation identified as concerns that could hinder the development of the area. Recreation is not important. Though IP respondents were aware that they need to have savings for use in case of needs and emergencies, they did not consider it essential. Thus, the ADSDPP, in the context of sustainable development, poses challenges in attaining the struggle to a sustainable community, is a continuous process. Even though results from the process might take a long time achieved, it promises a just and equitable future for all.
{"title":"The Ancestral Domain Sustainable Development Protection Plan Implementation in the Mandaya Indigenous Community of Davao Oriental","authors":"Sharmaine Escarian-Cabugwason","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3576063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3576063","url":null,"abstract":"The study on the effects of the implementation of ADSDPP in Taocanga, Manay, Davao Oriental intended to assess the socio-economic conditions in the indigenous community before and after the ADSDPP was implemented. Furthermore, the study also determines if there is a significant improvement after the implementation of the plan. The descriptive-evaluative method of research was employed. It utilized primary data obtained from the responses of 120 Mandayas to the survey questionnaire used to assess the effects of the implementation. Chi-square and t-test were used to enable to compare observed and expected frequencies objectively and to determine whether there was a significant difference in the socio-economic condition before and after the ADSDPP were implemented. The study integrated quantitative and qualitative techniques in the collection and analysis of data to provide a better understanding of the research problem. Results showed that in terms of annual household income and access to credit, there was a significant difference in the economic status of the IP respondents. There was also a considerable difference in the social state of the IP respondents. In terms of health insurance, savings for future needs and emergencies, and social involvement. Access to roads, crop diseases, and the peace and order situation identified as concerns that could hinder the development of the area. Recreation is not important. Though IP respondents were aware that they need to have savings for use in case of needs and emergencies, they did not consider it essential. Thus, the ADSDPP, in the context of sustainable development, poses challenges in attaining the struggle to a sustainable community, is a continuous process. Even though results from the process might take a long time achieved, it promises a just and equitable future for all.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115169531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
International Journal of Business and Applied Soci IJBASS
This paper examines the dynamics of the location patterns of the foreign direct investment(FDI)subsidiaries in manufacturing and service sectors across regions in a developing economy before and after the accession of the European Union in 2004. The data at the NUTS level 2 on regions in Poland is analyzed employing the revealed location advantage (RLA) index for industrial specialization (RLAis) of the regions. The study tests the concentration patterns of industrial sectors along with the industrial specialization level of regions’ participating foreign enterprises across all regions of Poland. The findings allow answering for the presented hypothesis testing the level of industrial specialization across regions and its impact on narrowing industrial specialization, wages and the level of R&D investment. The results determine that the location of foreign firms in service-related industries is concentrating mostly in the largest agglomerations with the presence of large markets and universities. While, also, several regions seem to be able to narrow their manufacturing specializations, they generally locate at, or near, the legacy centers of those industrial sectors. This provides answers for, and confirms the raised hypothesis and generally follows the existing theoretical path of the developed economies. The study, also, shows that Polish regions attracting a higher number of foreign service-related investments also seem to increase their industrial specialization in select manufacturing sectors that can increasingly attract R&D investment.
{"title":"To Make or to Serve – Industrial Specialization Drivers of Foreign Subsidiaries in Service and Manufacturing Sectors Across Agglomerations in a Transition Economy","authors":"International Journal of Business and Applied Soci IJBASS","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3574531","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3574531","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the dynamics of the location patterns of the foreign direct investment(FDI)subsidiaries in manufacturing and service sectors across regions in a developing economy before and after the accession of the European Union in 2004. The data at the NUTS level 2 on regions in Poland is analyzed employing the revealed location advantage (RLA) index for industrial specialization (RLAis) of the regions. The study tests the concentration patterns of industrial sectors along with the industrial specialization level of regions’ participating foreign enterprises across all regions of Poland. The findings allow answering for the presented hypothesis testing the level of industrial specialization across regions and its impact on narrowing industrial specialization, wages and the level of R&D investment. The results determine that the location of foreign firms in service-related industries is concentrating mostly in the largest agglomerations with the presence of large markets and universities. While, also, several regions seem to be able to narrow their manufacturing specializations, they generally locate at, or near, the legacy centers of those industrial sectors. This provides answers for, and confirms the raised hypothesis and generally follows the existing theoretical path of the developed economies. The study, also, shows that Polish regions attracting a higher number of foreign service-related investments also seem to increase their industrial specialization in select manufacturing sectors that can increasingly attract R&D investment.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122979483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Succession planning (SP) and employee retention (ER) are mutually reinforcing. Meaning ineffective succession planning leads to turnover, and that would, in turn, make the succession plan ineffective. Hence the big challenge is to find how SP affects ER. For this, we proposed a model explaining the mediation effect of various factors on SP-ER nexus. We hypothesize that proper Succession planning produces a positive effect on Performance Goal Orientation, Supervisor Support, Working Environment, Rewards, Work-life Policies, Career Development, and Job Security. And these factors, in turn, lead to employee retention. We further assumed that the ER would lead to Organizational Effectiveness. To establish its empirical validity, we conducted a survey using a close-ended questionnaire. Data was gathered from 300 respondents who are serving in the middle and lower level of management in the private organizations in Pakistan. Data analysis was done through the descriptive statistics, partial least square (PLS), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS3. The findings indicated that effective succession planning practices had a meaningful, favorable connection with employee retention and out of seven mediators, only three mediators i.e. job security, rewards, and supervisor support significantly mediated the association between effective succession planning practices and employee retention. Succession planning also seems to significantly affect the working environment, work-life policies, and career development. Results also exhibited that there’s an insignificant link between effective succession planning practices and organizational effectiveness and also there is no positive relationship between employee retention and organizational effectiveness.
{"title":"Impact of Effective Succession Planning Practices on Employee Retention: Exploring the Mediating Roles","authors":"Syed Najam ul Hassan, D. Siddiqui","doi":"10.2139/ssrn.3556924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3556924","url":null,"abstract":"Succession planning (SP) and employee retention (ER) are mutually reinforcing. Meaning ineffective succession planning leads to turnover, and that would, in turn, make the succession plan ineffective. Hence the big challenge is to find how SP affects ER. For this, we proposed a model explaining the mediation effect of various factors on SP-ER nexus. We hypothesize that proper Succession planning produces a positive effect on Performance Goal Orientation, Supervisor Support, Working Environment, Rewards, Work-life Policies, Career Development, and Job Security. And these factors, in turn, lead to employee retention. We further assumed that the ER would lead to Organizational Effectiveness. To establish its empirical validity, we conducted a survey using a close-ended questionnaire. Data was gathered from 300 respondents who are serving in the middle and lower level of management in the private organizations in Pakistan. Data analysis was done through the descriptive statistics, partial least square (PLS), and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the help of SmartPLS3. The findings indicated that effective succession planning practices had a meaningful, favorable connection with employee retention and out of seven mediators, only three mediators i.e. job security, rewards, and supervisor support significantly mediated the association between effective succession planning practices and employee retention. Succession planning also seems to significantly affect the working environment, work-life policies, and career development. Results also exhibited that there’s an insignificant link between effective succession planning practices and organizational effectiveness and also there is no positive relationship between employee retention and organizational effectiveness.","PeriodicalId":274523,"journal":{"name":"Development Economics: Microeconomic Issues in Developing Economies eJournal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122738094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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