Composite Structures最新文献

英文中文

Biaxial tension–torsion loading of plain weave composites: Determination of initial and final failure envelopes and associated damage mechanisms

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119032

Tao Zheng, Zhanguang Chen, Li Zhang, Zhongyu Wang, Yuhang Liu, Xinyang Sun, Shangyang Yu, Licheng Guo

In this paper, the mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading are experimentally investigated by incorporating 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC), optical microscopy and acoustic emission (AE). The experimental results exhibit that biaxial tension–torsion loading enhances the torsional stiffness while weakening the tensile failure load, presenting a significant tension–torsion coupling phenomenon. Moreover, the biaxial tension–torsion loading promotes matrix cracking/inter-fiber failure. Through clustering analysis, the damage signals acquired by AE can be classified into matrix cracking/inter-fiber failure, delamination and fiber fracture. A new damage-dependent analytic method for calculating the effective stresses in plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading is proposed and verified by experimental results. Combined with the initial damage determination of AE, 3D-DIC, and the proposed analytic method, the initial and final failure envelopes of plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading are determined. This study can provide effective guidance for stress field analysis and health monitoring of plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading.

{"title":"Biaxial tension–torsion loading of plain weave composites: Determination of initial and final failure envelopes and associated damage mechanisms","authors":"Tao Zheng, Zhanguang Chen, Li Zhang, Zhongyu Wang, Yuhang Liu, Xinyang Sun, Shangyang Yu, Licheng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, the mechanical properties and damage mechanisms of plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading are experimentally investigated by incorporating 3D digital image correlation (3D-DIC), optical microscopy and acoustic emission (AE). The experimental results exhibit that biaxial tension–torsion loading enhances the torsional stiffness while weakening the tensile failure load, presenting a significant tension–torsion coupling phenomenon. Moreover, the biaxial tension–torsion loading promotes matrix cracking/inter-fiber failure. Through clustering analysis, the damage signals acquired by AE can be classified into matrix cracking/inter-fiber failure, delamination and fiber fracture. A new damage-dependent analytic method for calculating the effective stresses in plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading is proposed and verified by experimental results. Combined with the initial damage determination of AE, 3D-DIC, and the proposed analytic method, the initial and final failure envelopes of plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading are determined. This study can provide effective guidance for stress field analysis and health monitoring of plain weave composites under biaxial tension–torsion loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 119032"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A second-order multiscale reduced homogenization for nonlinear statistically heterogeneous materials

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119026

Zhiqiang Yang , Zun Kong , Taijia Guo , Shanqiao Huang

This work introduces an effective second-order multiscale reduced homogenization (SMRH) approach to analyze the nonlinear statistically heterogeneous materials. In these kinds of composites, the microscale information of particles, including their shapes, sizes, orientations, spatial distributions, volume fractions and so on, changes with position of the structures. At first, the micro-configurations of the heterogeneous structure with random distributions are briefly described. Then, the SMRH formulations for nonlinear problems are constructed, along with detailed statistical multiscale methods for statistically heterogeneous materials. The key characteristics of the new statistical multiscale methods include: (i) innovative reduced models designed to solve inelastic problems in random composites with significantly lower computational cost, (ii) high-order homogenized solutions that sidesteps the need for higher-order continuity in the macro solutions, and (iii) statistical high-order multiscale algorithms developed for investigating nonlinear statistically heterogeneous materials. Finally, several representative numerical examples are presented to validate the effectiveness of nonlinear random materials under different probability distribution models. The computational results clearly demonstrates that the statistical second-order multiscale reduced homogenization is valid for analyzing the nonlinear problems of statistically heterogeneous materials and proves beneficial for the development of random composites with multiscale arrangements.

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “GPU-based cracking simulations for scratch resistance evaluation of composite coatings” [Compos. Struct. 357 (2025) 118880]

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.118976

Hanming Yang , Chenqi Zou , Gong Chen , Toshiyuki Imamura , Yiyu Tan , Mengyan Zang , Shunhua Chen

引用次数: 0

Design optimization of 3D printed kirigami-inspired composite metamaterials for quasi-zero stiffness using deep reinforcement learning integrated with bayesian optimization

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119031

Hyunsoo Hong, Samuel Kim, Wonvin Kim, Wonki Kim, Jae-moon Jeong, Seong Su Kim

Metamaterials, renowned for their distinctive properties such as zero Poisson’s ratio, negative mass, and zero thermal expansion, attract significant attention in aerospace, photonics, and stealth technology. Recent studies focus on using metamaterials for vibration isolation, achieving remarkable performance at low frequencies due to their quasi-zero stiffness characteristics. However, despite the need for these metamaterials to support loads, research has been limited to the design geometry aimed solely at exhibiting quasi-zero stiffness properties. Therefore, this study developed kirigami-inspired composite metamaterials for low-frequency vibration reduction, optimizing them by considering both quasi-zero stiffness and structural safety simultaneously. Structural optimization was performed using finite element analysis and deep reinforcement learning integrated with Bayesian optimization. The optimized model was fabricated using carbon-fiber-reinforced composite material via 3D printing. The fabricated model’s quasi-zero stiffness characteristics were verified through compression experiments, and its outstanding vibration reduction performance was confirmed through vibration experiments.

{"title":"Design optimization of 3D printed kirigami-inspired composite metamaterials for quasi-zero stiffness using deep reinforcement learning integrated with bayesian optimization","authors":"Hyunsoo Hong, Samuel Kim, Wonvin Kim, Wonki Kim, Jae-moon Jeong, Seong Su Kim","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Metamaterials, renowned for their distinctive properties such as zero Poisson’s ratio, negative mass, and zero thermal expansion, attract significant attention in aerospace, photonics, and stealth technology. Recent studies focus on using metamaterials for vibration isolation, achieving remarkable performance at low frequencies due to their quasi-zero stiffness characteristics. However, despite the need for these metamaterials to support loads, research has been limited to the design geometry aimed solely at exhibiting quasi-zero stiffness properties. Therefore, this study developed kirigami-inspired composite metamaterials for low-frequency vibration reduction, optimizing them by considering both quasi-zero stiffness and structural safety simultaneously. Structural optimization was performed using finite element analysis and deep reinforcement learning integrated with Bayesian optimization. The optimized model was fabricated using carbon-fiber-reinforced composite material via 3D printing. The fabricated model’s quasi-zero stiffness characteristics were verified through compression experiments, and its outstanding vibration reduction performance was confirmed through vibration experiments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 119031"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Biomass aerogel with double layer heterostructure for sound absorption and sound insulation 用于吸音和隔音的双层异质结构生物质气凝胶

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119030

Liting He , Dongyang Li , Lulu Song , Jing Fang , Hao Li , Xiaoang Liu

Sound absorption materials are usually used to reduce room reverberation, and sound insulation materials are used to prevent sound transmission. However, traditional sound absorption or sound insulation materials often exhibit only a single acoustic function. As a result, they cannot provide both sound absorption and sound insulation at the same time. For this purpose, back coated double layer aerogel was prepared by thermal curing method. It solves the problem that sound absorption and sound insulation cannot exist at the same time. The structure consists of a sound absorption layer made from biomass aerogel and a damping layer coated with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The sound absorption layer consists of a porous network structure formed by crosslinking delignified kapok fibers and sodium alginate with calcium ion (Ca²⁺). The damping layer is constructed by the back-coated PDMS damping material. The effects of the concentration of Ca²⁺ and the coating method of PDMS on the acoustic behavior of the aerogel were investigated. At 50 ∼ 6300 Hz, the aerogel not only has good sound absorption performance but also has sound insulation performance. Furthermore, aerogel effectively addresses the issue of interfacial incompatibility in multilayer heterogeneous composites, providing a promising approach for designing modern noise reduction materials.

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引用次数: 0

Manufacturing, microstructural and mechanical investigations of inverse hybrid composite laminates: Glass fiber-reinforced polyamide-6/aluminium 反向混合复合材料层压板的制造、微观结构和力学研究：玻璃纤维增强聚酰胺-6/铝

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119027

Ahmed Makradi , Camilo Zopp , Abdelghani Laachachi , Gregor Zucker , Julian Berndt , Mustafa Basaran , Lothar Kroll , Salim Belouettar

Inverse hybrid laminate consists of a metallic sheet alloy sandwiched between two fiber-reinforced thermoplastic composite layers. This class of structures could be tailored through the use of specific sub-components to achieve desired mechanical performance. The metal/composite adhesion is a common challenge in this hybrid laminates and strongly depends on its sub-components. The hybrid compound targeted in the present work consist of polyamid-6 thermoplastic reinforced with glass fibres, laminated to an aluminium sheet alloy. The metal/composite adhesion is ensured by a commercial monolayer adhesive film based on functionalized polypropylene, augmented with a mechanical treatment of the aluminium sheet surfaces.

Inverse hybrid laminates are manufactured under a controlled time, temperature and pressure cycle. The laminates microstructure is investigated using DSC and tomography imaging. Three-point bending, tensile and Interlaminar Shear Strength tests are conducted to evaluate their mechanical performance and failure modes. The mechanical performances and failure mechanisms of the hybrid laminates are compared to those of glass fiber reinforced polyamide-6 under both three-point bending and tensile tests. The structural hybrid lamination in conjunction with the enhanced metal/aluminium adhesion improves stiffness and the required load to failure, although its strength is lower. The dominated structural metal/composite interfaces within the hybrid laminates exhibit lower interlaminar strength compared to the glass fiber reinforce polyamide-6 composite.

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引用次数: 0

A novel formulation for efficient flutter analysis of rotating composite blades based on referenced nodal coordinate formulation

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119023

Shuangxing Ren , Lei Hou , Tengfei Yuan , Faisal Z. Duraihem , Emad Mahrous Awwad , Nasser.A. Saeed

A precise and cost-effective method for flutter analysis is essential for the structural design of aero engine blades. This paper presents an efficient approach that first determines the reference flutter dynamic pressure via the eigenvalue method, followed by a rapid evaluation of the vibration response through the referenced nodal coordinate formulation (RNCF), which is particularly suitable for high-speed rotation, to assess flutter occurrence. The blade is modeled as a rotating plate made of graphene platelet-reinforced metal foam (GPLRMF). The effective material properties are derived from the modified Halpin-Tsai model and the effect of metal foam. The correctness of the structural model is confirmed by comparison with published results. The efficiency is demonstrated by its computational speed, being approximately ten times faster than the absolute nodal coordinate formulation (ANCF). The proposed formulation offers an accurate and efficient tool for obtaining the vibration response and assessing the occurrence of flutter.

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引用次数: 0

On flexural behavior of 3D-printed continuous hybrid fiber reinforced composites: Experimental and multiscale modeling study

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119034

Xi-Ao Cao, Guohua Zhu, Zhen Wang, Xuan Zhao

3D-printed continuous hybrid fiber reinforced composites (cHFRC) present great advantages in terms of balanced design between material cost, weight reduction, and mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the lack of an effective design methodology has so far limited its large-scale application. This paper aims to provide a high-fidelity multiscale modeling strategy for 3D-printed cHFRC and achieved a micro-meso-macro matched optimization design. Specifically, several carbon fiber/glass fiber hybrid 3D-printed laminates were prepared for bending tests to explore the effects of hybrid ratio and stacking sequences on the bending performance. Subsequently, a novel multiscale model based on the micromechanical failure (MMF) theory was developed to investigate the deformation modes and energy absorption mechanisms of 3D-printed cHFRCs. Based on the validated multiscale model, the effects of microscopic design variables on the macroscopic structural performance were further investigated. Finally, a discrete optimization design was carried out to improve the bending performance of 3D-printed cHFRC laminates. The results indicated that increasing the proportion of carbon fibers could improve the flexural strength and modulus of the 3D-printed cHFRC specimens. It was also found that the specimens were more likely to exhibit better flexural properties when the carbon fiber layer was located at the topside. This study not only reveals the flexural mechanical response and energy absorption mechanism of 3D-printed cHFRC laminates, but also realizes their multiscale collaborative optimization.

{"title":"On flexural behavior of 3D-printed continuous hybrid fiber reinforced composites: Experimental and multiscale modeling study","authors":"Xi-Ao Cao, Guohua Zhu, Zhen Wang, Xuan Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>3D-printed continuous hybrid fiber reinforced composites (cHFRC) present great advantages in terms of balanced design between material cost, weight reduction, and mechanical properties. Nevertheless, the lack of an effective design methodology has so far limited its large-scale application. This paper aims to provide a high-fidelity multiscale modeling strategy for 3D-printed cHFRC and achieved a micro-meso-macro matched optimization design. Specifically, several carbon fiber/glass fiber hybrid 3D-printed laminates were prepared for bending tests to explore the effects of hybrid ratio and stacking sequences on the bending performance. Subsequently, a novel multiscale model based on the micromechanical failure (MMF) theory was developed to investigate the deformation modes and energy absorption mechanisms of 3D-printed cHFRCs. Based on the validated multiscale model, the effects of microscopic design variables on the macroscopic structural performance were further investigated. Finally, a discrete optimization design was carried out to improve the bending performance of 3D-printed cHFRC laminates. The results indicated that increasing the proportion of carbon fibers could improve the flexural strength and modulus of the 3D-printed cHFRC specimens. It was also found that the specimens were more likely to exhibit better flexural properties when the carbon fiber layer was located at the topside. This study not only reveals the flexural mechanical response and energy absorption mechanism of 3D-printed cHFRC laminates, but also realizes their multiscale collaborative optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 119034"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Simulation of failure in fiber-reinforced composites and polycrystalline materials: A novel anisotropic local damage approach

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.118981

Quan Nhu Tran, Minh Ngoc Nguyen, Chanh Dinh Vuong, Tinh Quoc Bui

Fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) have a wide range of engineering applications in many different fields. In this study, we present a novel local continuum damage model that is able to accurately capture direction-dependent damage evolution in FRC and polycrystalline materials. The damage model employs three distinct damage variables in describing the evolution of crack in different directions: longitudinal, transverse, and shear. In addition to that the second-order structural tensor is used to represent the orientation of the fibers/cleavages inside the anisotropic materials. We further enhance our damage model by incorporating both the fracture energy and element characteristic length into the damage evolution law, which aims to alleviate the mesh sensitivity, an inherent issue of continuum damage approaches. The accuracy and performance of the developed local damage model are examined through two-dimensional crack propagation in fiber-reinforced composites and polycrystalline materials, including tensile tests on single-edge notch (SEN) and center-notch (CNT) specimens, three-point bending tests on a composite sandwich beam, tension and shear tests on polycrystalline specimens. The numerical results illustrate good agreement with experimental data and other reference solutions, highlighting the effectiveness of the damage model in capturing complex damage mechanisms and predicting failure behavior in anisotropic materials.

{"title":"Simulation of failure in fiber-reinforced composites and polycrystalline materials: A novel anisotropic local damage approach","authors":"Quan Nhu Tran, Minh Ngoc Nguyen, Chanh Dinh Vuong, Tinh Quoc Bui","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.118981","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.118981","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber-reinforced composites (FRC) have a wide range of engineering applications in many different fields. In this study, we present a novel local continuum damage model that is able to accurately capture direction-dependent damage evolution in FRC and polycrystalline materials. The damage model employs three distinct damage variables in describing the evolution of crack in different directions: longitudinal, transverse, and shear. In addition to that the second-order structural tensor is used to represent the orientation of the fibers/cleavages inside the anisotropic materials. We further enhance our damage model by incorporating both the fracture energy and element characteristic length into the damage evolution law, which aims to alleviate the mesh sensitivity, an inherent issue of continuum damage approaches. The accuracy and performance of the developed local damage model are examined through two-dimensional crack propagation in fiber-reinforced composites and polycrystalline materials, including tensile tests on single-edge notch (SEN) and center-notch (CNT) specimens, three-point bending tests on a composite sandwich beam, tension and shear tests on polycrystalline specimens. The numerical results illustrate good agreement with experimental data and other reference solutions, highlighting the effectiveness of the damage model in capturing complex damage mechanisms and predicting failure behavior in anisotropic materials.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 118981"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interfacial strengthening of CF/PEEK composites by electrodeposition of Al-substituted β-TCP coating for load-bearing orthopedic implants

IF 6.3 2区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composite Structures

Pub Date : 2025-02-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119024

Yang Liu , Kaibao Wang , Huirong Le

This article investigated the interfacial strengthening of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK (CF/PEEK) by modifying CF with Al-substituted β-TCP (Al-TCP). Short carbon fibers with Al-TCP coating (CF/Al-TCP) were prepared using the electrodeposition process, and CF/Al-TCP/PEEK composites with 20 wt% CF/Al-TCP were then obtained by the solution method and the compression molding. The analysis of XRD, FTIR, TG-DSC, and SEM with EDS of CF/Al-TCP powders confirmed the success of the coating and its composition consisting of

{C a}_{9} A l {(P O_{4})}_{7}

, β-TCP and

A l P O_{4}

. Compared with bare CF (BCF), the contact angle with deionized water of CF/Al-TCP decreased by 14.2 %, and the surface energy of CF/Al-TCP increased by 16.2 %. Compared with BCF/PEEK, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of CF/Al-TCP/PEEK increased from 109 MPa and 5.129 GPa to 121.7 MPa and 5.182 GPa, respectively, with an increase of 11.6 % and 1.0 %. The predicted flexural modulus of CF/Al-TCP/PEEK composites using the finite element simulation method agreed well with the experimental results. The interfacial strengthening of CF/Al-TCP/PEEK can be explained by CF’s increased roughness (mechanical interlocking theory) and surface wettability (infiltration adsorption theory). These findings suggest that the CF/Al-TCP/PEEK composites can potentially be utilized for load-bearing orthopedic applications.

{"title":"Interfacial strengthening of CF/PEEK composites by electrodeposition of Al-substituted β-TCP coating for load-bearing orthopedic implants","authors":"Yang Liu , Kaibao Wang , Huirong Le","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruct.2025.119024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article investigated the interfacial strengthening of carbon fiber reinforced PEEK (CF/PEEK) by modifying CF with Al-substituted β-TCP (Al-TCP). Short carbon fibers with Al-TCP coating (CF/Al-TCP) were prepared using the electrodeposition process, and CF/Al-TCP/PEEK composites with 20 wt% CF/Al-TCP were then obtained by the solution method and the compression molding. The analysis of XRD, FTIR, TG-DSC, and SEM with EDS of CF/Al-TCP powders confirmed the success of the coating and its composition consisting of <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>a</mi></mrow><mn>9</mn></msub><mi>A</mi><mi>l</mi><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>P</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>7</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>, β-TCP and <span><math><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>l</mi><mi>P</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub></mrow></math></span>. Compared with bare CF (BCF), the contact angle with deionized water of CF/Al-TCP decreased by 14.2 %, and the surface energy of CF/Al-TCP increased by 16.2 %. Compared with BCF/PEEK, the flexural strength and flexural modulus of CF/Al-TCP/PEEK increased from 109 MPa and 5.129 GPa to 121.7 MPa and 5.182 GPa, respectively, with an increase of 11.6 % and 1.0 %. The predicted flexural modulus of CF/Al-TCP/PEEK composites using the finite element simulation method agreed well with the experimental results. The interfacial strengthening of CF/Al-TCP/PEEK can be explained by CF’s increased roughness (mechanical interlocking theory) and surface wettability (infiltration adsorption theory). These findings suggest that the CF/Al-TCP/PEEK composites can potentially be utilized for load-bearing orthopedic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":281,"journal":{"name":"Composite Structures","volume":"359 ","pages":"Article 119024"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143551119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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