Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing最新文献_第3页

Rapid, Energy-Efficient CFRP manufacturing via filament winding of frontal polymerization resins 通过正面聚合树脂的长丝缠绕快速，节能的CFRP制造

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109577

Markus Fitzka , Zoltán Simon , Michael Marischler , Thomas Koch , Viktor Klitni , Angelika Fröhlich , Andreas Plengorth , Donato Girolamo , Thomas Rohr , Michael Scheerer , Robert Liska , Patrick Knaack

Radical-Induced Cationic Frontal Polymerization (RICFP) was successfully adapted for rapid and energy-efficient curing of carbon fiber-reinforced composites using industrial filament winding. Two aerospace-grade epoxy systems based on BADGE and BFDGE were formulated following a broad screening of reactive diluents. To meet manufacturing requirements, the curing process was modified into a thermally supported frontal polymerization (TSFP) approach, wherein a self-sustaining curing front is triggered locally and maintained via continuous external heat input to compensate for thermal losses. Using this method, composites with fiber volume fractions exceeding 58% were cured in significantly less time and with reduced energy consumption compared to standard industrial oven processes. Mechanical characterization showed increased interlaminar shear strength, lower outgassing, and comparable axial tensile properties relative to a reference BADGE system. Other properties (transverse tensile, torsion, compression, and glass transition) were lower but may be improved through further resin optimization. Finally, process scalability and performance were demonstrated through the manufacture and testing of a composite overwrapped pressure vessel, which withstood internal pressures of up to 400 bar.

自由基诱导阳离子正面聚合（RICFP）成功地应用于碳纤维增强复合材料的快速、节能固化。在对反应稀释剂进行广泛筛选后，研制出了基于BADGE和BFDGE的两种航空级环氧体系。为了满足制造要求，固化工艺被修改为热支持正面聚合（TSFP）方法，其中自我维持的固化前沿被局部触发，并通过连续的外部热输入来维持，以补偿热损失。使用这种方法，与标准工业烘箱工艺相比，纤维体积分数超过58%的复合材料在更短的时间内固化，并降低了能耗。力学特性表明，与参考BADGE系统相比，层间剪切强度增加，放气减少，轴向拉伸性能也相当。其他性能（横向拉伸、扭转、压缩和玻璃化转变）较低，但可以通过进一步优化树脂来改善。最后，通过制造和测试复合材料包覆压力容器，证明了工艺的可扩展性和性能，该容器可承受高达400 bar的内压。

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引用次数: 0

Grading evaluation criteria of drilling-induced damage in composites based on physics-constrained Gaussian process regression 基于物理约束高斯过程回归的复合材料钻井损伤分级评价标准

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109572

Zhenwei Xie , Bing Wang , Zhanqiang Liu , Jinfu Zhao , Liyan Zheng , Pengyang Wang

Different types of machining defects in composites may have significantly different effects on material mechanical properties, and even minor defects can lead to severe strength degradation. However, conventional evaluation methods for drilling-induced damage typically treat defects as a whole and quantify them based on geometric characteristics or empirical formulas, leading to unreliable strength assessment. To address this problem, a physics-constrained Gaussian process regression (PCGPR) framework is proposed to establish a quantitative mapping between defect features and material strength, providing data basis for developing damage evaluation criteria. Experimental validation on C/C-SiC composite specimens demonstrates that the proposed PCGPR achieves high predictive accuracy. Compared with the best-performing conventional data-driven model, prediction errors are reduced by approximately 35–40 %, and the explained variance is improved by about 0.1. Based on the predicted strength-reduction relationship, a three-level damage severity classification criterion is established by mapping defect severity to effective safety factors commonly adopted in aerospace structural design. The proposed framework provides a quantitative, physically consistent, and industrially applicable basis for damage assessment and decision-making regarding acceptance, inspection, and rejection of drilled composite components in safety–critical aerospace applications.

复合材料中不同类型的加工缺陷对材料力学性能的影响可能有显著差异，即使是很小的缺陷也会导致严重的强度退化。然而，传统的钻致损伤评估方法通常将缺陷作为一个整体来处理，并根据几何特征或经验公式对缺陷进行量化，导致强度评估不可靠。针对这一问题，提出了物理约束高斯过程回归（PCGPR）框架，建立了缺陷特征与材料强度之间的定量映射关系，为损伤评价标准的制定提供了数据依据。在C/C- sic复合材料样品上的实验验证表明，PCGPR具有较高的预测精度。与性能最好的传统数据驱动模型相比，预测误差降低了约35 - 40%，解释方差提高了约0.1。基于预测强度-折减关系，将缺陷严重程度映射到航空结构设计中常用的有效安全系数，建立了三级损伤严重程度分类准则。所提出的框架提供了一个定量的、物理上一致的、工业上适用的基础，用于安全关键航空航天应用中钻孔复合材料部件的损伤评估和决策的接受、检查和拒绝。

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引用次数: 0

Tunable dual-driven photothermal/electrothermal textile heater for personal thermal management 可调谐双驱动光热/电热纺织品加热器个人热管理

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109583

Weiyi Han , Jialing Tan , Hongkun Zhu , Tao Wu , Chaoxia Wang

Against the backdrop of rising global energy consumption and the need for personal thermal management (PTM), developing efficient, multi-modal wearable heaters is crucial to reduce reliance on energy-intensive heating systems. Herein, an MXene-CuS/PANI-GO cotton (MCPGC) fabric is fabricated via a two-step method involving in-situ polymerization of polyaniline with graphene oxide on cotton, followed by dip-coating with MXene-CuS dispersion. The MCPGC fabric exhibits photothermal and electrothermal heating performances, achieving an average surface temperature of 60.20 °C under 1000 W/m² solar irradiation and 57.54 °C under an applied voltage of 4.5 V. Furthermore, a significant synergistic heating effect is observed under simultaneous photothermal and electrothermal activation, with the surface temperature reaching 84.13 °C. A tunable dual-driven textile heater is subsequently constructed by integrating the MCPGC fabric with a microcontroller-based automatic conversion system. This configuration effectively maintains the surface temperature of the fabric at user-defined setpoints by autonomously activating electrothermal assistance to compensate for heat deficits under low or fluctuating solar irradiance, as validated by outdoor practical testing. This study successfully develops a dual-driven synergistic textile heater with intelligent thermostatic control, demonstrating potential for energy-saving personal thermal management applications.

在全球能源消耗不断上升和个人热管理（PTM）需求的背景下，开发高效、多模态可穿戴加热器对于减少对能源密集型供暖系统的依赖至关重要。本文采用两步法制备了mxene - cu /PANI-GO棉（MCPGC）织物，首先在棉上原位聚合聚苯胺和氧化石墨烯，然后用mxene - cu分散体浸渍涂层。MCPGC织物具有光热和电热加热性能，在1000 W/m2太阳辐照下平均表面温度为60.20°C，在4.5 V电压下平均表面温度为57.54°C。此外，光热和电热同时激活下，表面温度达到84.13℃，存在显著的协同加热效应。随后，将MCPGC织物与基于微控制器的自动转换系统集成，构建了可调谐双驱动纺织品加热器。这种配置通过自动激活电热辅助来补偿低或波动的太阳辐照度下的热缺陷，有效地将织物的表面温度保持在用户定义的设定值，并经过室外实际测试验证。本研究成功开发了一种具有智能恒温控制的双驱动协同纺织加热器，展示了节能个人热管理应用的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Microstructure-dependent compression behavior of mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers: insights from in-situ compression and molecular dynamics simulations 中间相沥青基碳纤维的微观结构依赖的压缩行为：来自原位压缩和分子动力学模拟的见解

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109582

Ningyuan Zhang , Dong Huang , Ke Duan , Chong Ye , Chaoyi Peng , Lei Tao , Shipeng Zhu , Jinshui Liu

Mesophase pitch-based carbon fibers (MPCFs) possess exceptional thermal conductivity and modulus, but their high-tech applications are severely constrained by low compressive strength. To address this limitation, it is crucial to comprehensively understand the microstructure-dependent compression behavior of MPCFs. This study systematically investigates the compression response of MPCFs with varying graphite microstructures by innovatively combining in-situ micropillar compression experiments with molecular dynamics simulations. Results elucidate the critical roles of grain size, orientation, amorphous carbon content, and pore structure in governing compression behavior. Specifically, as graphitic microcrystals develop, increased grain size and enhanced orientation induce collective buckling of graphitic sheets. Meanwhile, reduced amorphous regions and highly oriented pores weaken lateral support, promoting extensive sheet reorientation and leading to shear or kinking failure at lower stress levels. Consequently, the compressive strength of MPCFs decreases from 1273 MPa to 454 MPa, with fracture morphology transitioning from uniform microcracks to axial cracks along (002) planes. Correspondingly, the compressive strength of their polymer composites declines by 57.9 %, with the failure mode shifting from matrix-dominated shear delamination to penetration damage caused by brittle fracture of fibers. This study provides integrated micro–macro insights into the compressive failure mechanisms of MPCFs, guiding the design of compression-resistant MPCFs and their composites.

中间相沥青基碳纤维（MPCFs）具有优异的导热性和模量，但其高技术应用受到低抗压强度的严重限制。为了解决这一限制，全面了解mpcf的微观结构相关压缩行为是至关重要的。本研究创新性地将原位微柱压缩实验与分子动力学模拟相结合，系统地研究了不同石墨微结构的微柱复合材料的压缩响应。结果阐明了晶粒尺寸、取向、非晶碳含量和孔隙结构在控制压缩行为中的关键作用。具体来说，随着石墨微晶的发展，晶粒尺寸的增加和取向的增强会导致石墨片的集体屈曲。同时，减少的非晶区和高度定向的孔隙削弱了横向支撑，促进了广泛的薄片重定向，导致在较低应力水平下剪切或扭结破坏。试样抗压强度由1273 MPa降至454 MPa，断裂形态由均匀微裂纹向（002）面轴向裂纹转变。相应的，聚合物复合材料的抗压强度下降57.9%，破坏模式由基体主导的剪切脱层转变为纤维脆性断裂引起的穿透损伤。本研究为微孔复合材料的压缩破坏机制提供了微观宏观的综合认识，指导了抗压微孔复合材料及其复合材料的设计。

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引用次数: 0

Synergistic enhancement of heat resistance and mechanical performance of epoxy resin by introducing entanglement effect 引入缠结效应，协同增强环氧树脂的耐热性和机械性能

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109581

Zimin Luo , Liming Wang , Bin Cao , Yuhao Liu , Xiaobang Tong , Libao Liu , Xiaoqing Wu , Xukai Zhu

The inherent molecular structure of epoxy composites make it difficult to synergistically enhance their heat resistance and mechanical performance. Precise molecular structure design provides an effective approach to solving this problem. By introducing entanglement structures into epoxy composites, this study successfully addresses this trade-off issue. Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) confirm the entanglement network induced by the long carbon chain molecular structure in the epoxy composites. The inclusion of rigid benzene rings facilitates the synergistic improvement of thermal stability and mechanical performance in epoxy composites. Compared with pure epoxy resin (EP), the glass transition temperature, tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength of modified epoxy resin (EP-BTDA-10) are increased by 9.00%, 21.70%, 14.50%, and 24.97%, respectively. The constraints on molecular motion from entanglement at high temperatures, coupled with long carbon chains, result in increases of 109.48% in tensile strength and 211.62% in elongation at break for EP-BTDA-10 at 90°C. The entanglement network enhances the cross-linking density of epoxy composites, leading to an 11.84% increase in alternating current breakdown field strength and an order-of-magnitude improvement in resistivity. This study provides a new insight for the design of high heat resistance and high toughness insulating materials with customizable designs for electrical applications.

环氧复合材料固有的分子结构使得其耐热性和力学性能难以协同提高。精确的分子结构设计为解决这一问题提供了有效的途径。通过将缠结结构引入环氧复合材料，本研究成功地解决了这一权衡问题。小角x射线散射（SAXS）和x射线衍射（XRD）证实了环氧复合材料中长碳链分子结构引起的缠结网络。刚性苯环的加入促进了环氧复合材料热稳定性和力学性能的协同改善。与纯环氧树脂（EP）相比，改性环氧树脂（EP- btda -10）的玻璃化转变温度、抗拉强度、断裂伸长率和冲击强度分别提高了9.00%、21.70%、14.50%和24.97%。高温缠结对分子运动的限制，加上长碳链，使EP-BTDA-10在90℃时的拉伸强度提高了109.48%，断裂伸长率提高了211.62%。缠结网络增强了环氧复合材料的交联密度，使其交变击穿场强提高了11.84%，电阻率提高了一个数量级。这项研究为高耐热、高韧性绝缘材料的设计提供了新的见解，并为电气应用提供了可定制的设计。

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引用次数: 0

High-impact marine antifouling HDPE composites based on synergistic covalent and ionic bonding with poly (hexamethylene guanidine) 基于聚六亚甲基胍协同共价键和离子键的高冲击船用防污HDPE复合材料

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109576

Xiurong Hou , Jiaqi Wang , Ruihuan Wang , Sitong Zhang , Wenwen Yu , Jiangao Shi

The high-density polyethylene (HDPE)/ethylene–acrylic acid block copolymer (EAA)/poly (hexamethylene guanidine) (PHMG) composites with outstanding comprehensive properties were successfully fabricated through the synergistic design of covalent and ionic bonds with PHMG. Structural characterization confirmed the formation of amide bonds, while rheological and thermal analyses jointly demonstrated that the covalent bonded PHMG significantly enhanced molecular chain entanglement. This entanglement effect led to synergistic optimization of both tensile strength and toughness in this composite. Compared to pure HDPE, the HDPE/EAA/PHMG composites showed a slight decrease in tensile strength but a substantial 302 % surge in impact strength. Ionic bond modification of the composite material via PHMG solution immerse effectively enhanced its antibacterial properties, demonstrating good inhibitory effects against both E. coli and S. aureus. Furthermore, the modified material exhibits outstanding antifouling performance, reducing Chlorella attachment by 91.6 %. A three-month in marine test further validated its effective inhibition of algal growth. This research offers innovative material design concepts and technical pathways for developing high-performance marine antifouling materials that integrate significantly boosted toughness with outstanding antifouling performance.

通过共价键和离子键的协同设计，成功制备了具有优异综合性能的高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)/乙烯-丙烯酸嵌段共聚物(EAA)/聚六亚甲基胍（PHMG）复合材料。结构表征证实了酰胺键的形成，而流变学和热分析共同表明共价键PHMG显著增强了分子链纠缠。这种缠结效应导致复合材料的抗拉强度和韧性协同优化。与纯HDPE相比，HDPE/EAA/PHMG复合材料的抗拉强度略有下降，但冲击强度却大幅提高了302%。通过PHMG溶液浸泡对复合材料进行离子键改性，有效增强了复合材料的抗菌性能，对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌均有良好的抑制效果。此外，改性材料具有良好的防污性能，使小球藻附着减少91.6%。为期三个月的海洋试验进一步验证了其对藻类生长的有效抑制作用。该研究为开发高性能海洋防污材料提供了创新的材料设计理念和技术途径，这些材料将显著提高韧性并具有出色的防污性能。

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引用次数: 0

Brittle-ductile transition in woven thermoplastic composites incorporating yarn reorientation after structural forming: Mesoscale modeling and experimental investigation 编织热塑性复合材料在结构形成后包含纱线重定向的脆性-韧性转变：中尺度模型和实验研究

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109579

Yuhao Tan , Nicholas Yock Chuan Lian , Karthikayen Raju , Kirk Ming Yeoh , Yanxue Ma , Yuling Li , Vincent Beng Chye Tan

Woven fabric undergoes non-uniform yarn reorientation after formed into structural components, giving rise to spatially dependent mechanical behaviors that are difficult to incorporate in computational modeling. Thorough evaluation of localized responses is of paramount importance for overall structural analysis. However, with thermoplastic composites, failure analysis is further complicated and challenging by combined nonlinear effects of matrix plasticity and yarn rotation. Herein, off-axis tests were performed on woven carbon fabrics in polycarbonate (PC) matrix that have been per-sheared to simulate yarn reorientation. A transition from brittle to ductile characteristics was found as yarn angle increased. High-fidelity mesoscale representative volume elements (RVEs) were developed to examine this transition as well as the progressive failure of composites. An elasto-plastic constituent model was established for the PC, and modified strain-based 3D Hashin failure criteria with viscosity regularization were employed for yarns to facilitate convergence in response to PC plasticity-induced large deformation of composites. In agreement with the experiments, RVEs with small yarn angles (30°, 37.5°) exhibited near linear mechanical behaviors with brittle failure dominated by fiber fracture whereas RVEs with larger angles (45°, 52.5° and 60°) displayed significant nonlinearity and large deformation (nearly 40% strains). These ductile characteristics were manifestations of matrix plasticity coupled with yarns rotating to align with the load until interlocked. Morphological observation and digital image correlation (DIC) characterization further validated the RVE models. This study could provide reliable insights for subsequent structural analysis of formed woven thermoplastic composites, and the developed RVE model is useful for corresponding multiscale simulations.

机织织物在形成结构部件后，纱线重新定向不均匀，产生空间依赖的力学行为，难以纳入计算建模。全面评估局部响应对整体结构分析至关重要。然而，热塑性复合材料的失效分析由于基体塑性和纱线旋转的非线性共同作用而变得更加复杂和具有挑战性。本文对经预剪的聚碳酸酯（PC）基机织物进行了离轴试验，以模拟纱线重定向。随着纱线角度的增大，纱线的脆性向延性转变。开发了高保真中尺度代表性体积单元（RVEs）来检查这种转变以及复合材料的渐进破坏。建立了PC的弹塑性构件模型，针对PC塑性引起的复合材料大变形，采用改进的基于应变的三维Hashin破坏准则进行粘滞正则化处理。实验结果表明，纱线角较小（30°、37.5°）的纤维纤维力学行为接近线性，脆性破坏以纤维断裂为主，而纱线角较大（45°、52.5°和60°）的纤维纤维力学行为非线性明显，变形大（近40%的应变）。这些延性特征是基体塑性与纱线旋转以与载荷对齐直至互锁的表现。形态学观察和数字图像相关（DIC）表征进一步验证了RVE模型。该研究可为后续成形机织热塑性复合材料的结构分析提供可靠的见解，所建立的RVE模型可用于相应的多尺度模拟。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of ply waviness defects on the viscoelastic properties of carbon/epoxy composites 层状缺陷对碳/环氧复合材料粘弹性的影响

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109575

Paulina Díaz-Montiel , Miguel Serrato , Mayling H. Kohl , James G. Kohl

Ply waviness is a common manufacturing defect in carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites that is known to reduce quasi-static mechanical properties. However, its influence on viscoelastic properties remains largely unexplored. This study investigates the effect of embedded ply waviness defects on the viscoelastic properties of carbon/epoxy laminates, focusing on storage modulus, loss modulus, tan

δ

, and the glass transition temperature (

T_{g}

). Dynamic mechanical analysis was performed on single-clamped cantilever specimens using both temperature and frequency sweeps. Two laminate types were evaluated: (1) predominantly unidirectional composites with embedded ply waviness, and (2) cross-ply laminates without defects.

Temperature sweep results show that the average

T_{g}

of specimens with ply waviness is 3.8 °C higher than that of cross-ply laminates, indicating constrained polymer chain mobility and delayed

α

-relaxation. Reduced molecular mobility also leads to a smaller change in storage modulus in the rubbery state, as well as lower loss modulus and tan

δ

. This suggests that less energy is dissipated as heat during the polymer relaxation process and that the damping capability of the ply waviness specimens is reduced. The frequency sweep results revealed that modulus hardening of ply waviness specimens with increasing frequency is lower than in cross-ply laminates, indicating a greater contribution of viscous deformation and reduced elastic stiffness due to fiber misalignments.

These findings demonstrate that ply waviness defects affect the time- and temperature-dependent behavior of CFRPs, underscoring the importance of incorporating the effect of this manufacturing defect into predictive models for composite structures subjected to dynamic or thermal loads.

铺层波纹是碳纤维增强聚合物（CFRP）复合材料中常见的制造缺陷，它会降低准静态力学性能。然而，它对粘弹性性能的影响在很大程度上仍未被探索。本文研究了嵌套层状缺陷对碳/环氧复合材料粘弹性性能的影响，重点研究了存储模量、损耗模量、tan δ和玻璃化转变温度（Tg）。采用温度扫描和频率扫描对单夹紧悬臂试件进行了动态力学分析。评估了两种层压板类型：(1)主要是带有嵌入层状波纹的单向复合材料，(2)没有缺陷的交叉层压材料。温度扫描结果表明，具有波浪形层合材料的平均Tg比交叉层合材料高3.8℃，表明聚合物链迁移受限，α-弛豫延迟。分子迁移率的降低也导致橡胶态的存储模量变化较小，损耗模量和tan δ也较低。这表明在聚合物弛豫过程中，较少的能量以热的形式耗散，从而降低了铺层波纹试样的阻尼能力。频率扫描结果显示，随着频率的增加，铺层波纹试件的模量硬化比交叉铺层试件的模量硬化要低，这表明纤维错位导致的粘性变形和弹性刚度降低的贡献更大。这些发现表明，铺层波浪形缺陷会影响cfrp的时间和温度依赖行为，强调了将这种制造缺陷的影响纳入复合材料结构动态或热载荷预测模型的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Sodium alginate/polyacrylic acid/halloysite nanotube fibers fabricated by wet spinning for salinity gradient power generation 盐度梯度发电用海藻酸钠/聚丙烯酸/高岭土纳米管纤维的湿纺制备

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109574

Yuqian Xu , Xiangyu Chen , Xinyuan Zhou , Ming Huang , Mingxian Liu

Ion transport through nanosized pores or channels can be used for salinity gradient power generation. In this study, sodium alginate/polyacrylic acid/halloysite nanotubes (SA/PAA/HNTs) composite fiber materials were fabricated using wet spinning technology via a shear-induced assembly strategy. The electrostatic repulsion among SA, PAA, and HNTs effectively prevented the close packing of molecular chains. Meanwhile, the applied shear force promoted the preferred alignment of HNTs along the fiber axis. This ordered arrangement imparts the fibers with pronounced birefringent optical properties. The hierarchical pore structure formed within the material offers efficient pathways for ion transport and significantly reduces ion migration resistance. By systematically adjusting the SA-to-PAA mass ratio (within 3:1 to 1:2), HNTs content (0–15 wt%), and spinning parameters (extrusion pressure from 5 to 120 psi), we achieved precise control over the fiber’s microstructure and overall performance. Notably, the unique hollow tubular structure of HNTs offers nanoscale channels for ion conduction, while the hydrophilic matrix formed by SA and PAA provides a favorable environment for ion dissolution and mobility. This multifunctional fiber, integrating optical responsiveness with enhanced ion transport, presents an innovative approach for developing smart textiles and next-generation salinity gradient energy harvesting systems.

离子通过纳米孔或通道传输可用于盐度梯度发电。本研究采用剪切诱导装配策略，采用湿纺丝技术制备了海藻酸钠/聚丙烯酸/高岭土纳米管（SA/PAA/HNTs）复合纤维材料。SA、PAA和HNTs之间的静电斥力有效地阻止了分子链的紧密排列。同时，施加的剪切力促进了hnt沿纤维轴的优先排列。这种有序的排列使光纤具有明显的双折射光学特性。材料内部形成的分层孔结构为离子输送提供了有效的途径，并显著降低了离子迁移阻力。通过系统地调整sa与paa的质量比（在3:1到1:2之间）、HNTs含量（0-15 wt%）和纺丝参数（挤出压力从5到120 psi），我们实现了对纤维微观结构和整体性能的精确控制。值得注意的是，HNTs独特的空心管状结构为离子传导提供了纳米级通道，而SA和PAA形成的亲水性基质为离子溶解和迁移提供了有利的环境。这种多功能光纤集成了光响应性和增强的离子传输，为开发智能纺织品和下一代盐度梯度能量收集系统提供了一种创新方法。

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引用次数: 0

A Multi-Step approach for the chemical recycling of Flame-Retardant PBT Composites: Environmental and economic benefits 阻燃PBT复合材料化学回收的多步骤方法：环境和经济效益

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109568

Qiang Zhang , Bo Wu , Yujun Chen , Guiquan Liao , Xiaoqiong Xie , Yu-Zhong Wang

The extensive use of flame-retardant polyester composites, notably polybutylene terephthalate (polybutylene terephthalate, PBT), has resulted in a growing accumulation of non-biodegradable plastic waste, posing significant challenges to both environmental sustainability and resource recovery. These materials, which contain brominated flame retardants and inorganic fillers, are resistant to conventional recycling methods, contributing to long-term ecological risks. In this study, we propose a comprehensive chemical recycling strategy for post-consumer flame-retardant PBT composite materials (PBT-FrCM), integrating staged depolymerization, solvent extraction, and monomer purification to achieve efficient recovery and reuse of all major components. The recovered monomer, bis(4-hydroxybutyl) terephthalate (BHBT) (99.7% purity), brominated flame retardants (99% recovery), and inorganic fillers were successfully reintegrated into regenerated flame-retardant PBT composites (rPBT-FrCM) that exhibit mechanical and flame-retardant properties comparable to those of virgin materials. Life cycle assessment demonstrates that the process reduces greenhouse gas emissions, while highlighting energy consumption and solvent toxicity as key areas for improvement. An economic evaluation indicates that recycling 1 tonne of waste PBT generates a net value of 5041 CNY, illustrating the dual environmental and economic benefits of this approach. These findings underscore the potential of closed-loop upcycling for engineering plastics and provide a scalable pathway toward a more circular, climate-resilient material economy.

阻燃聚酯复合材料，特别是聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯（聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯，PBT）的广泛使用，导致了不可生物降解塑料废物的不断积累，对环境可持续性和资源回收提出了重大挑战。这些材料含有溴化阻燃剂和无机填料，对传统的回收方法有抵抗力，造成长期的生态风险。在本研究中，我们提出了一种综合的消费后阻燃PBT复合材料（PBT- frcm）的化学回收策略，整合了分阶段解聚，溶剂萃取和单体纯化，以实现所有主要成分的有效回收和再利用。回收的单体，双（4-羟基丁基）对苯二甲酸酯（BHBT）（纯度为99.7%），溴化阻燃剂（回收率为99%）和无机填料成功地重新整合到再生阻燃PBT复合材料（rPBT-FrCM）中，该复合材料具有与原始材料相当的机械和阻燃性能。生命周期评估表明，该工艺减少了温室气体排放，同时强调能源消耗和溶剂毒性是改进的关键领域。经济评估表明，回收1吨废弃PBT可产生5041元的净价值，说明了这种方法的环境和经济双重效益。这些发现强调了工程塑料闭环升级回收的潜力，并为更循环、更适应气候变化的材料经济提供了一条可扩展的途径。

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