Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing最新文献_第5页

Lowering the cement content of ultra-high-performance fiber-reinforced lightweight concrete by replacing hollow glass microspheres 通过替代中空玻璃微珠降低超高性能纤维增强轻量化混凝土的水泥含量

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2026.109554

Van Thanh Huynh , Tuan Kiet Tran , Duy-Liem Nguyen , Van Thong Nguyen , Ngoc Thanh Tran

This study presents a novel ultra-high-performance lightweight concrete (UHPLC) mix that significantly reduces cement content through a high-volume replacement with hollow glass microspheres (HGM). Cement was partially replaced with the lightweight material HGM at five volume-based replacement levels, 0 %, 20 %, 40 %, 60 %, and 70 %, for UHPLC production. Moreover, three curing methods (hot water, normal water, and combined water) and three curing ages (7, 14, and 28 days) were evaluated. Additionally, two types of high-strength steel fibers with a 1.5 % volume content, namely long smooth and short smooth fibers, were incorporated into the UHPLC. Experimental results demonstrated that among the different HGM replacement levels, only the UHPLC with 60 % HGM (H60) achieved outstanding simultaneous performance, including a flowability between 200 and 250 mm, a density below 1920 kg/m³, a compressive strength exceeding 120 MPa, and a flexural strength greater than 14 MPa. Moreover, the inclusion of 1.5 % steel fibers further enhanced the compressive strength of H60 to 166 MPa and the flexural strength to 40 MPa. Furthermore, H60 maintained excellent performance across all curing methods and ages, indicating its suitability for both precast and on-site structural applications, as well as for early strength development in construction. Specifically, H60, containing a low cement content (331 kg/m³) and low HGM content (66 kg/m³), exhibited significant advantages in terms of cost reduction, CO₂ emission mitigation, and energy savings compared with previously developed UHPLCs reported in earlier studies.

本研究提出了一种新型的超高性能轻质混凝土（UHPLC）混合物，通过大量替换中空玻璃微球（HGM）显著减少水泥含量。在UHPLC生产中，水泥部分被轻质材料HGM替代，替代率为0%、20%、40%、60%和70%。并对三种养护方法（热水、普通水和混合水）和三种养护龄期（7、14和28天）进行了评价。此外，在UHPLC中加入了两种体积含量为1.5%的高强钢纤维，即长光滑纤维和短光滑纤维。实验结果表明，在不同的HGM替换水平中，只有60% HGM （H60）的UHPLC具有出色的同时性能，包括流动性在200 ~ 250 mm之间，密度低于1920 kg/m3，抗压强度超过120 MPa，抗弯强度大于14 MPa。此外，1.5%钢纤维的掺入进一步提高了H60至166mpa的抗压强度和40mpa的抗弯强度。此外，H60在所有养护方法和龄期中都保持了优异的性能，这表明它适用于预制和现场结构应用，以及施工中的早期强度发展。具体而言，与早期研究中报道的先前开发的超高效液相色谱相比，含有低水泥含量（331 kg/m3）和低HGM含量（66 kg/m3）的H60在降低成本、减少二氧化碳排放和节约能源方面具有显著优势。

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引用次数: 0

Aromatic π–π interaction–driven sizing strategy for enhanced interfacial adhesion in carbon fiber/PPESK thermoplastic composites 芳香族π -π相互作用驱动的施胶策略增强碳纤维/PPESK热塑性复合材料的界面附着力

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109551

Yaoxin Xie, Yining Wang, Yu Deng, Zhimin Wang, Wenhui Zhou, Cheng Liu, Xigao Jian, Yousi Chen

Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composites (CFRTPs) often exhibit limited mechanical performance due to weak interfacial adhesion between carbon fibers and the thermoplastic matrix. In this work, a series of heteroaromatic poly(arylene ether ketone)s (PPFEKs) were synthesized by varying the molar ratio between 4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)phthalazin-1(2H)-one (DHPZ) and 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene (BPF) to serve as sizing agents for desized carbon fibers. Experimental characterizations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations jointly revealed that PPFEKs strongly adsorbed on carbon fiber surfaces through π–π stacking interactions. The optimized formulation (BPF:DHPZ = 7:3) significantly enhanced interfacial bonding, yielding flexural and interlaminar shear strengths of 1749 MPa and 81.9 MPa—43 % and 47 % higher than the desized composite, respectively. Raman microspectroscopy provided direct spectroscopic evidence of π–π electronic coupling at the interface. This study establishes a π–π interaction–driven sizing strategy for efficient interfacial engineering, offering a practical and scalable route to improve the mechanical performance of CFRTPs.

碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料（CFRTPs）由于碳纤维与热塑性基体之间的界面附着力较弱，往往表现出有限的机械性能。本文通过改变4-（4-羟基苯基）酞嗪-1(2H)- 1（DHPZ）和9,9-双（4-羟基苯基）芴（BPF）的摩尔比，合成了一系列杂芳香聚芳醚酮（PPFEKs），作为浆料碳纤维的上浆剂。实验表征和分子动力学（MD）模拟共同表明，PPFEKs通过π -π堆积相互作用在碳纤维表面进行了强吸附。优化后的配方（BPF:DHPZ = 7:3）显著增强了复合材料的界面结合，屈服弯曲强度为1749 MPa，层间剪切强度为81.9 MPa，分别比浆化后的复合材料提高了43%和47%。拉曼微光谱提供了界面处π -π电子耦合的直接光谱证据。本研究建立了一种π -π相互作用驱动的高效界面工程施胶策略，为提高cfrtp的力学性能提供了一条实用且可扩展的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Hybridising self-reinforced polypropylene with flax fibres 自增强聚丙烯与亚麻纤维的杂交

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109553

Paul Woody , Jonas Van Damme , Yentl Swolfs

Self-reinforced polypropylene (SRPP) is a lightweight and tough material, but its relatively low stiffness limits the number of potential applications. Hybridisation, whereby an optimised volume fraction (V_f) of low elongation (LE) fibre is used to reinforce the ductile polypropylene (PP), is a method used for improving initial stiffness whilst retaining a pseudo-ductile failure. However, as the V_f of LE fibre within the hybrid is increased, the ability to retain a ductile failure mode diminishes. This work assesses whether twisting PP tapes to form a PP yarn and weaving them using a novel 3D angle interlocking weave, can be beneficial for maintaining the pseudo-ductile response at greater V_f’s of LE reinforcement (in this case aligned flax fibres). A comparison is made with hybrids manufactured using flat tape weaves (twill 2/2) with tensile strength, penetration impact resistance and interlayer bond strength assessed. With a hybrid flax V_f of 11%, the initial stiffness of the 3D woven SRPP was increased by 165%, whilst retaining 87% of the baseline SRPP strength and 98% of the failure strain. This work successfully demonstrates the advantages of employing a novel 3D angle-interlocking weave to produce interlayer SRPP composites reinforced with flax fibres.

自增强聚丙烯（SRPP）是一种轻质且坚韧的材料，但其相对较低的刚度限制了潜在应用的数量。杂化是一种优化的低伸长率（LE）纤维体积分数（Vf）来增强延性聚丙烯（PP）的方法，它可以提高初始刚度，同时保持伪延性破坏。然而，随着混合材料中LE纤维的Vf增加，保持延性破坏模式的能力减弱。本研究评估了缠绕PP带形成PP纱并使用新型3D角度互锁编织是否有利于在较大的LE增强（在这种情况下是排列的亚麻纤维）的Vf下保持伪延性响应。与使用平带编织（斜纹2/2）制造的混合材料进行了比较，评估了抗拉强度、抗渗透冲击能力和层间粘合强度。当混合亚麻Vf为11%时，3D编织SRPP的初始刚度增加了165%，同时保留了基线SRPP强度的87%和失效应变的98%。这项工作成功地证明了采用一种新颖的三维角度互锁组织来生产亚麻纤维增强的层间SRPP复合材料的优点。

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引用次数: 0

Effect of stacking sequence on the electromagnetic shielding and mechanical properties of jute/graphite reinforced polylactic acid composites 堆积顺序对黄麻/石墨增强聚乳酸复合材料电磁屏蔽及力学性能的影响

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109550

Hongyang Li, Jiahua Yang, Ni Wang, Lan Yao

Imparting electromagnetic (EM) shielding properties to the natural fiber reinforced composites is becoming necessary when they are applied in the signal transmission area. In this study, four types of jute/graphite hybrid fiber reinforced polylactic acid (PLA) composites and two types of pure fiber composites were designed, where jute and graphite fiber appeared in the form of jute fabric and graphite felt. As the graphite fiber is conductive, the four types of hybrid fiber composites and the pure graphite fiber composite were tested to have adequate EM shielding effectiveness. The composite with graphite felts as the top and bottom layers and jute fabrics as the two middle layers (GJJG composite) achieved the highest EM shielding effectiveness of 54.40 dB, indicating greater distance between the two conductive layers led to higher EM shielding effectiveness. Graphic models were built for analyzing the process of EM wave passing through the composites. GJJG still showed the optimum overall mechanical performance and its after-fracture mode exhibited different fiber-resin bonding behaviors from different fibers. The novel contribution of this research is providing the effect of fiber stacking sequences on EM shielding and mechanical properties, which is new and significantly important in natural fiber composite area.

天然纤维增强复合材料在信号传输领域的应用，需要赋予其电磁屏蔽性能。本研究设计了四种黄麻/石墨混杂纤维增强聚乳酸（PLA）复合材料和两种纯纤维复合材料，其中黄麻和石墨纤维以黄麻织物和石墨毡的形式出现。由于石墨纤维具有导电性，对四种混杂纤维复合材料和纯石墨纤维复合材料进行了电磁屏蔽性能测试。以石墨毡为上下两层，黄麻织物为中间两层的复合材料（GJJG复合材料）的电磁屏蔽效果最高，为54.40 dB，说明两导电层之间的距离越大，电磁屏蔽效果越好。建立了图形模型，分析了电磁波通过复合材料的过程。GJJG仍表现出最佳的综合力学性能，其断裂后模式表现出不同纤维的纤维-树脂结合行为。本研究的新颖贡献在于提供了纤维堆叠顺序对电磁屏蔽和力学性能的影响，这在天然纤维复合材料领域具有重要意义。

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引用次数: 0

Ferromagnetic amorphous microwire based metacomposite absorber for multi-field modulation and extreme environment applications 用于多场调制和极端环境应用的铁磁非晶微丝基超复合吸收材料

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109549

Jing Yang , Changfeng Li , Jiaxin Liu , Xiong Lv , Yunlong Li , Yaqian Yang , Tangfeng Feng , Yunfei Wang , Baihong Chi , Faxiang Qin

Modern electromagnetic protection and radar stealth technologies require microwave-absorbing materials that exhibit high integration, robust environmental adaptability, and tunability. However, current research focuses on individual properties, creating a significant gap in developing high-performance stealth structural components with integrated multifunctionality. To bridge this gap, we propose a novel metacomposite incorporating ferromagnetic amorphous microwires, resistive square-loops, and glass fiber-reinforced epoxy. This metacomposite demonstrates excellent stealth performance, mechanical strength, thermal resistance, and field-induced tunability. Fabricated via vacuum-assisted resin transfer molding (VARTM), the optimized metacomposite achieves over 60 % absorption across the entire X-band and more than 90 % within 9.7–11.9 GHz. It also exhibits great tensile strength (487.5 MPa in axial direction), impact resistance (energy dissipation value of 9 J), and thermal stability (glass transition temperature is 163.41 °C). Furthermore, under external magnetic and thermal fields, the absorption peak achieves a 2.31 GHz blue shift and a 0.25 GHz red shift, respectively. In future research, arbitrarily shaped structural components can also be fabricated via the VARTM process, overcoming the formability limitations of conventional stealth metamaterials. By combining broadband absorption, multi-field tunability, mechanical robustness, and thermal adaptability, the developed metacomposite shows promising potential for applications in radar stealth and electromagnetic protection, especially under extreme operating conditions.

现代电磁保护和雷达隐身技术需要具有高集成度、强环境适应性和可调性的微波吸收材料。然而，目前的研究主要集中在单个性能上，在开发具有集成多功能的高性能隐身结构部件方面存在很大差距。为了弥补这一差距，我们提出了一种新型的超复合材料，包括铁磁非晶微线，电阻方环和玻璃纤维增强环氧树脂。这种超复合材料具有优异的隐身性能、机械强度、耐热性和场致可调性。通过真空辅助树脂转移成型（VARTM）制造，优化后的超复合材料在整个x波段的吸收率超过60%，在9.7-11.9 GHz范围内的吸收率超过90%。具有良好的抗拉强度（轴向487.5 MPa）、抗冲击性能（能量耗散值9 J）和热稳定性（玻璃化转变温度163.41℃）。此外，在外加磁场和热场作用下，吸收峰分别实现了2.31 GHz的蓝移和0.25 GHz的红移。在未来的研究中，还可以通过VARTM工艺制造任意形状的结构部件，克服传统隐身超材料的成形性限制。通过结合宽带吸收、多场可调性、机械稳健性和热适应性，所开发的超复合材料在雷达隐身和电磁保护方面具有广阔的应用前景，特别是在极端工作条件下。

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引用次数: 0

A model for gap formation between dry preforms and curved tool surfaces in closed-mould composites manufacturing processes 闭模复合材料制造过程中干预制件与弯曲刀具表面间隙形成的模型

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-31 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109548

Mikhail Y. Matveev, Andreas Endruweit

The formation of a gap between the dry reinforcement and the tool surface at a bend, i.e. a geometrical feature with single curvature, in a tool for closed-mould manufacturing processes is caused by tensile forces in the reinforcement. The gap shape was analysed based on the mechanical model of an arched beam supported by an elastic foundation. The compaction stiffness of the reinforcement was derived from linearisation of the power-law approximating the reinforcement compression response. Fifth-order differential equations were derived and solved with the appropriate boundary conditions to find expressions for the local gap height. Applying a minimum-energy principle, the gap was found to typically extend into the flat sections of the geometry on both sides of the bend. Its size increases with increasing bend angle and applied force. It decreases with increasing bend radius, cavity height, level of pre-compaction, and stiffness of the reinforcement in compaction and in bending. If the gap height is expressed as a function of the fibre volume fraction, the correlation between the gap size and the fibre volume fraction was found to be negative if the tensile force is constant, and positive if the force increases with increasing fibre volume fraction. The solutions derived here allow the geometry of the gap and the bent preform to be described in more detail than in previous studies, which allows further analysis of the manufacturing process, e.g. predicting the effect of racetracking in the formed gap during a Resin Transfer Moulding process.

在封闭模具制造过程中，在弯曲处的干燥钢筋和刀具表面之间形成间隙，即具有单一曲率的几何特征，是由钢筋中的拉伸力引起的。基于弹性基础支撑拱梁的力学模型，对其间隙形状进行了分析。钢筋的压实刚度来源于近似钢筋压缩响应的幂律的线性化。推导了五阶微分方程，并在适当的边界条件下进行了求解，得到了局部间隙高度的表达式。应用最小能量原理，发现间隙通常延伸到弯曲两侧几何形状的平坦部分。其尺寸随弯曲角度和受力的增大而增大。它随弯曲半径、空腔高度、预压实水平和钢筋压实和弯曲刚度的增加而减小。如果将间隙高度表示为纤维体积分数的函数，则当拉伸力恒定时，间隙大小与纤维体积分数之间的相关性为负，当拉伸力随纤维体积分数的增加而增加时，间隙大小与纤维体积分数之间的相关性为正。这里导出的解决方案允许比以前的研究更详细地描述间隙和弯曲预制体的几何形状，从而可以进一步分析制造过程，例如预测在树脂转移成型过程中形成的间隙中的赛道跟踪效果。

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引用次数: 0

Reconfigurable anisotropy in highly crosslinked vitrimers enabled by low-stress nanofiller alignment 通过低应力纳米填料排列实现高度交联的玻璃聚合物的可重构各向异性

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109547

Zhiqiang Chen, Xubin Wang, Dongyuan Chen

Vitrimers with dynamic covalent networks represent a new generation of composite matrices, offering superior reprocessability, repairability, and recyclability compared with traditional thermosetting resins. Incorporating carbon nanotubes (CNTs) into these matrices holds promise for advanced structural and functional applications due to their exceptional mechanical and electrical properties. Yet, achieving effective CNT alignment for optimal reinforcement remains a key challenge, as conventional methods such as electric- or magnetic-field-assisted alignment suffer from high energy consumption, complex processing, and limited scalability. Here, we systematically examine the influence of CNT content on the mechanical and thermomechanical performance of vitrimer nanocomposites, highlighting the critical interplay between CNT-induced reinforcement and dynamic bond-exchange kinetics. We propose a low-stress post-processing alignment strategy for highly cross-linked vitrimers, utilizing time-dependent creep deformation to orient CNTs along the loading direction. Microscopy confirms that adaptive stress-driven molecular rearrangements facilitate effective nanofiller alignment. This approach imparts pronounced mechanical anisotropy, yielding a 20 % increase in tensile strength, a 9.5 % increase in modulus, and a tenfold enhancement in electrical conductivity along the alignment axis. By synergistically coupling dynamic covalent chemistry with thermomechanical activation, this method establishes a versatile post-processing route for fabricating polymer composites with directionally optimized properties.

与传统的热固性树脂相比，具有动态共价网络的玻璃体代表了新一代复合基质，具有优越的可再加工性、可修复性和可回收性。将碳纳米管（CNTs）结合到这些基质中，由于其优异的机械和电气性能，有望在先进的结构和功能应用中发挥作用。然而，实现有效的碳纳米管对准以获得最佳的强化仍然是一个关键的挑战，因为传统的方法，如电场或磁场辅助对准，存在高能耗、复杂的处理和有限的可扩展性。在这里，我们系统地研究了碳纳米管含量对玻璃聚合物纳米复合材料的机械和热机械性能的影响，强调了碳纳米管诱导的增强和动态键交换动力学之间的关键相互作用。我们提出了一种低应力后处理策略，用于高度交联的vitrimers，利用随时间的蠕变变形沿加载方向定向碳纳米管。显微镜证实，自适应应力驱动的分子重排促进了有效的纳米填料排列。这种方法具有明显的力学各向异性，抗拉强度提高20%，模量提高9.5%，沿取向轴的导电性提高10倍。该方法通过动态共价化学与热机械活化的协同耦合，为制备具有定向优化性能的聚合物复合材料建立了一条通用的后处理路线。

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引用次数: 0

A dual-stage analytical model for FRPs drilling considering step structure 考虑阶梯结构的frp钻井双阶段分析模型

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109544

Jie Xu , Pingfa Feng , Huanhong Lin , Chun Liu , Haibo Bi , Feng Feng

This study investigates the influence of the step drill geometric characteristics on critical thrust force (CTF) using an analytical modeling. The study is motivated by the fact that step drill has proven to minimise delamination phenomena in comparison to twist drills. However, the existing CTF analytical models predominantly focus on the discussion of single-stage load mode based on twist drills. In contrast, the inherent two-stage geometry of step drills exhibits different material removal mechanisms and load distributions. Single-stage analysis is evidently inapplicable. To fill this gap, a dual-stage analytical model is developed that explicitly accounts for the local cutting mechanism and load contributions in each stage. The model incorporates critical geometric characteristic of step drills (e.g., the front-section point angle, transition angle, front-section radius, and shank radius). By comparison with existing models, the dual-stage analytical model demonstrates superior accuracy in CTF evolution throughout step drilling. Across the two stages, deviations from experimental measurements are 13.6% and 15.4%, respectively, representing a substantial improvement over exiting model, which exhibits deviations exceeding 150% under varying geometric parameters. In addition, as key factor, increasing the front-section point angle from 90° to 120° reduces the CTF by approximately 10%. These findings enhance the theoretical understanding of the geometric characteristics of step drills and highlight the necessity of a consideration of two stages.

采用解析模型研究了阶梯钻的几何特性对临界推力的影响。这项研究的动机是，与麻花钻相比，阶梯钻已被证明可以最大限度地减少分层现象。然而，现有CTF分析模型主要侧重于基于麻花钻的单级载荷模式的讨论。相反，阶梯钻头固有的两阶段几何结构表现出不同的材料去除机制和载荷分布。单级分析显然是不适用的。为了填补这一空白，开发了一种双阶段分析模型，明确地说明了每个阶段的局部切削机制和载荷贡献。该模型结合了阶跃钻头的关键几何特性（如前段点角、过渡角、前段半径和刀柄半径）。通过与现有模型的比较，双级分析模型在整个阶梯钻进过程中CTF演化的准确性更高。在两个阶段中，与实验测量值的偏差分别为13.6%和15.4%，比现有模型有了很大的改进，在不同几何参数下，现有模型的偏差超过150%。此外，作为关键因素，将前截面点角从90°增加到120°可使CTF降低约10%。这些发现增强了对阶梯钻的几何特征的理论认识，并强调了考虑两个阶段的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Direct ink writing − assisted hot-press infiltration of B4C-SiC/Al lattice interpenetrating composites: superior quasi-static/dynamic mechanical properties and interface toughening mechanism B4C-SiC/Al晶格互穿复合材料的直接墨水书写辅助热压渗透：优越的准静态/动态力学性能和界面增韧机制

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109543

Hong Wang , Haiyu Li , Hongbing Du , Xiaolin Guo , Yanxin Zhuang , Shuai Wang , Pengfei Xing

Boron carbide (B₄C) ceramics are constrained by their low toughness and the inherent hardness-toughness trade-off, limiting their engineering applications. To overcome these limitations, B₄C-SiC/Al lattice interpenetrating composites were fabricated using a two-step process: direct ink writing of a B₄C-SiC ceramic skeleton (95 wt% B₄C + 5 wt% SiC), followed by hot-press infiltration of molten 1060 Al at 900 °C under a unidirectional pressure of 0.06 MPa. A robust interface between the ceramic and metal phases is crucial for optimizing mechanical performance, as revealed by interfacial reaction characterization. Experimental results indicate that the quasi-static compressive strength (352.26 ± 4.30 MPa) and dynamic compressive strength (752.3 ± 2.1 MPa, 1200 s⁻¹ strain rate) of this composite material represent increases of 169 % and 266 %, respectively, compared to pure aluminium. While its fracture toughness (11.6 ± 0.5 MPa·m^1/2) surpasses that of conventional pressureless sintered B₄C-SiC ceramics by 286 %. The maximum hardness of this composite is 6.52 ± 0.20 GPa. It is noteworthy that this composite effectively mitigates the anisotropy issues in traditional ceramic–metal composites through its unique porous ceramic skeleton structure and superior interfacial bonding. This study confirms that the multiple interfacial toughening mechanism mediated by the reaction product AlB₂ effectively toughens B₄C ceramics, expanding their application prospects in demanding environments.

碳化硼（B4C）陶瓷由于其低韧性和固有的硬度-韧性权衡，限制了其工程应用。为了克服这些限制，采用两步工艺制备了B4C-SiC/Al晶格互穿复合材料：B4C-SiC陶瓷骨架（95 wt% B4C + 5 wt% SiC）的直接墨水书写，然后在900°C下在0.06 MPa的单向压力下热压渗透熔融1060 Al。正如界面反应表征所揭示的那样，陶瓷相和金属相之间的坚固界面对于优化机械性能至关重要。实验结果表明，与纯铝相比，该复合材料的准静态抗压强度（352.26±4.30 MPa）和动态抗压强度（752.3±2.1 MPa， 1200 s−1应变速率）分别提高了169%和266%。断裂韧性（11.6±0.5 MPa·m1/2）比常规无压烧结B4C-SiC陶瓷提高286%。该复合材料的最大硬度为6.52±0.20 GPa。值得注意的是，该复合材料通过其独特的多孔陶瓷骨架结构和优异的界面结合，有效地缓解了传统陶瓷-金属复合材料的各向异性问题。本研究证实了反应产物AlB2介导的多界面增韧机制能有效增韧B4C陶瓷，拓展了其在苛刻环境中的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

High-performance wearable pressure sensors based on biocompatible 3D-printed PU sponges with MXene coating 高性能可穿戴压力传感器基于生物相容性3d打印PU海绵与MXene涂层

IF 8.1 2区材料科学 Q1 ENGINEERING, MANUFACTURING

Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing

Pub Date : 2025-12-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2025.109546

Sung-Jun Lee , Eunwon Choi , Ji-Young Choi , Chang-Lae Kim

This study presents the development of piezoresistive pressure sensors based on Ti₃C₂T_x MXene-coated polyurethane (PU) sponges fabricated using Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing. Six different porous structures were designed by varying the line width (300 and 500 μm) and height width (100, 300, and 500 μm) to optimize the sensor performance. The 500 × 300 μm structure demonstrated an optimal balance between sensitivity and measurement range, achieving resistance change rates from −11.02 % at 25 Pa to −163.78 % at 2.25 kPa. DLP 3D printing allows precise control of pore geometry with dimensional accuracy within 50 μm, while eliminating the complex multistep fabrication processes associated with traditional template methods. The sensor exhibited excellent durability, with less than 1.5 % performance variation after 1000 compression cycles at both 1 and 2 kPa values. Environmental stability tests revealed minimal interference from humidity (30–90 % RH) and predictable temperature-dependent behavior (20–90 °C). Cytotoxicity assessments using RAW 264.7 macrophages confirmed biocompatibility, with cell viability exceeding 95 % for both MAX/MXene materials and PU/MXene composites. Practical demonstrations, including finger pressing, palm contact, and dynamic tapping, validated the capability of the sensor for human motion detection. The combination of DLP 3D printing precision and MXene conductivity enables the scalable production of customizable pressure sensors for wearable electronics, health monitoring, and human–machine interface applications.

本研究介绍了基于Ti3C2Tx mxene涂层聚氨酯（PU）海绵的压阻式压力传感器的开发，该海绵采用数字光处理（DLP） 3D打印制造。通过改变线宽（300和500 μm）和高宽（100、300和500 μm），设计了6种不同的多孔结构，以优化传感器的性能。500 × 300 μm结构在灵敏度和测量范围之间取得了最佳平衡，电阻变化率从25 Pa时的- 11.02%到2.25 kPa时的- 163.78%。DLP 3D打印可以精确控制孔隙几何形状，尺寸精度在50 μm以内，同时消除了与传统模板方法相关的复杂的多步骤制造过程。该传感器表现出优异的耐用性，在1和2 kPa值下1000次压缩循环后，性能变化小于1.5%。环境稳定性测试显示湿度（30 - 90% RH）和可预测的温度依赖行为（20-90°C）的干扰最小。使用RAW 264.7巨噬细胞进行的细胞毒性评估证实了MAX/MXene材料和PU/MXene复合材料的生物相容性，细胞存活率均超过95%。实际演示，包括手指按压，手掌接触和动态敲击，验证了传感器对人体运动检测的能力。DLP 3D打印精度和MXene导电性的结合使可扩展生产可定制的压力传感器，用于可穿戴电子产品，健康监测和人机界面应用。

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