Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111486
Xueyang Wang , Hao Tian , Xuanye Tian , Yi Luo , Bo Niu , Kaili Zhang , Zhe Su , Donghui Long
Electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers are crucial for advanced stealth and electromagnetic protection, yet achieving broadband microwave absorption in single-layer configurations remain challenge. Herein, a trilaminar impedance gradient structure (IGS) consisting of matching layer, absorbing layer and reflecting layer has been introduced into lightweight silicone aerogel composites for broadband microwave absorption. Conductive carbon nanofibers are deliberately sprayed onto thin quartz fiber felts, endowing composites with tunable and designable dielectric properties. These composites exhibit a wide permittivity range ( from 2.2 to 14.5, from 0.13 to 13.3), achieving a transition of EMW attenuation from weak to strong. By regulating the permittivity of each composite layers, the composite with IGS have optimized impedance matching and enhanced attenuation capacity, achieving an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 12.7 GHz, covering the frequency range of 5.3–18 GHz. Moreover, the lightweight composites exhibits good tension strength of 12.1 MPa and low thermal conductivity of 0.045 W m−1 K−1, which satisfies the multi-functional requirements for lightweight stealth and thermal insulation in practical engineering applications.
{"title":"Trilaminar impedance-gradient design of lightweight silicone aerogel composites via dielectric-tunable fiber preforms for broadband microwave absorption","authors":"Xueyang Wang , Hao Tian , Xuanye Tian , Yi Luo , Bo Niu , Kaili Zhang , Zhe Su , Donghui Long","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111486","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111486","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electromagnetic wave (EMW) absorbers are crucial for advanced stealth and electromagnetic protection, yet achieving broadband microwave absorption in single-layer configurations remain challenge. Herein, a trilaminar impedance gradient structure (IGS) consisting of matching layer, absorbing layer and reflecting layer has been introduced into lightweight silicone aerogel composites for broadband microwave absorption. Conductive carbon nanofibers are deliberately sprayed onto thin quartz fiber felts, endowing composites with tunable and designable dielectric properties. These composites exhibit a wide permittivity range (<span><math><mrow><msup><mi>ε</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> from 2.2 to 14.5, <span><math><mrow><msup><mi>ε</mi><mo>″</mo></msup></mrow></math></span> from 0.13 to 13.3), achieving a transition of EMW attenuation from weak to strong. By regulating the permittivity of each composite layers, the composite with IGS have optimized impedance matching and enhanced attenuation capacity, achieving an effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) of 12.7 GHz, covering the frequency range of 5.3–18 GHz. Moreover, the lightweight composites exhibits good tension strength of 12.1 MPa and low thermal conductivity of 0.045 W m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−1</sup>, which satisfies the multi-functional requirements for lightweight stealth and thermal insulation in practical engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111486"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111482
Mengqi Ma , Zepu Wang , Kaixiang Chen , Junyue Huang , Wei Zeng , Wenhong Ruan , Mingqiu Zhang
All-solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are widely recognized as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies. However, their commercialization is still hampered by insufficient interfacial contact between the solid electrolyte and the cathode, along with low ionic conductivity in these solid components. In this work, a highly efficient “solid-polymer-solid” Li+ transport channel was constructed based on a Diels–Alder (DA) crosslinked polyurethane (PU) incorporated with lithium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide (PUDAL). This polymer system was applied simultaneously as both the cathode binder and the solid electrolyte. The interfacial resistance between the solid electrolyte and the cathode is significantly reduced through the construction of an integrated interfacial structure. An intimate contact at the molecular level is generated by the DA bonds, which enhances the compatibility and stability of the cathode-electrolyte interface and facilitates continuous Li+ transport pathways. The utilization of DA bonds for cross-linking solid polymer electrolytes enables the preparation of solid-state electrolytes with enhanced electrochemical and mechanical properties. These improved characteristics contribute to more uniform lithium metal deposition and effective suppression of lithium dendrite growth. The Li symmetric cells employing PUDAL exhibited stable cycling for over 1500 h (0.1 mA cm−2) at both 60 °C and 30 °C. Furthermore, the integrated LFP-PUDAL |PUDAL| Li full cells demonstrated remarkable long-term charge/discharge stability and high capacity retention under the same temperature conditions.
全固态锂金属电池（lmb）被广泛认为是最有前途的下一代储能技术之一。然而，由于固体电解质和阴极之间的界面接触不足，以及这些固体成分中的离子电导率低，它们的商业化仍然受到阻碍。在这项工作中，基于Diels-Alder （DA）交联聚氨酯（PU）和双（三氟甲基磺酰基）亚胺锂（PUDAL）构建了一个高效的“固体-聚合物-固体”Li+传输通道。该聚合物体系同时用作阴极粘结剂和固体电解质。通过构建集成界面结构，大大降低了固体电解质与阴极之间的界面电阻。DA键在分子水平上产生了密切的接触，增强了阴极-电解质界面的相容性和稳定性，促进了Li+的连续传输途径。利用DA键进行交联固体聚合物电解质，可以制备出具有增强的电化学和机械性能的固态电解质。这些改进的特性有助于更均匀的金属锂沉积和有效地抑制锂枝晶的生长。使用PUDAL的锂对称电池在60°C和30°C下均能稳定循环超过1500 h （0.1 mA cm−2）。此外，在相同温度条件下，集成的LFP-PUDAL |锂电池具有显著的长期充放电稳定性和高容量保持性。
{"title":"Integrated cathode/electrolyte with low resistance enables untra-long cycle-lifetime in solid-state lithium-metal batteries","authors":"Mengqi Ma , Zepu Wang , Kaixiang Chen , Junyue Huang , Wei Zeng , Wenhong Ruan , Mingqiu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111482","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111482","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>All-solid-state lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are widely recognized as one of the most promising next-generation energy storage technologies. However, their commercialization is still hampered by insufficient interfacial contact between the solid electrolyte and the cathode, along with low ionic conductivity in these solid components. In this work, a highly efficient “solid-polymer-solid” Li<sup>+</sup> transport channel was constructed based on a Diels–Alder (DA) crosslinked polyurethane (PU) incorporated with lithium bis(trifluoromethyl sulfonyl)imide (PUDAL). This polymer system was applied simultaneously as both the cathode binder and the solid electrolyte. The interfacial resistance between the solid electrolyte and the cathode is significantly reduced through the construction of an integrated interfacial structure. An intimate contact at the molecular level is generated by the DA bonds, which enhances the compatibility and stability of the cathode-electrolyte interface and facilitates continuous Li<sup>+</sup> transport pathways. The utilization of DA bonds for cross-linking solid polymer electrolytes enables the preparation of solid-state electrolytes with enhanced electrochemical and mechanical properties. These improved characteristics contribute to more uniform lithium metal deposition and effective suppression of lithium dendrite growth. The Li symmetric cells employing PUDAL exhibited stable cycling for over 1500 h (0.1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup>) at both 60 °C and 30 °C. Furthermore, the integrated LFP-PUDAL |PUDAL| Li full cells demonstrated remarkable long-term charge/discharge stability and high capacity retention under the same temperature conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111482"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145837055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-11DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111484
Feng Gao , Yong Feng , Jinlin Feng , Yuhao Zhou , Peng Zheng , Wangfeng Bai , Qiaolan Fan , Liang Zheng , Yang Zhang
The advancement of miniaturization and integration technologies demands polymer dielectric materials that simultaneously possess thermal stability and high energy storage capacity for polymer capacitor applications. To meet this challenge, multilayer composite films were designed in this work, consisting of pure polyetherimide (PEI) outer layers and a central PEI layer incorporated with boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS). The findings indicate that the multilayer structural design effectively integrates the high dielectric permittivity of BNNS with the excellent breakdown field strength of PEI. Furthermore, the introduced interfaces impede charge carrier transport, further enhancing the breakdown field strength. Consequently, at an elevated external breakdown field strength (Eb) of 712 MV m−1, the film delivers an efficiency (η) of 87 % and a discharge energy density (Ud) of 11.10 J cm−3 at room temperature. Notably, the film sustains excellent performance at 200 °C, delivering an η of 74 % and a Ud of 6.14 J cm−3. These findings indicate that combining structural design with functional fillers in PEI composites is a promising pathway for developing advanced dielectric materials with stable energy performance at elevated temperatures.
{"title":"Superior high-temperature capacitive performance achieved in PEI composites through filler and structural design","authors":"Feng Gao , Yong Feng , Jinlin Feng , Yuhao Zhou , Peng Zheng , Wangfeng Bai , Qiaolan Fan , Liang Zheng , Yang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111484","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111484","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The advancement of miniaturization and integration technologies demands polymer dielectric materials that simultaneously possess thermal stability and high energy storage capacity for polymer capacitor applications. To meet this challenge, multilayer composite films were designed in this work, consisting of pure polyetherimide (PEI) outer layers and a central PEI layer incorporated with boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS). The findings indicate that the multilayer structural design effectively integrates the high dielectric permittivity of BNNS with the excellent breakdown field strength of PEI. Furthermore, the introduced interfaces impede charge carrier transport, further enhancing the breakdown field strength. Consequently, at an elevated external breakdown field strength (<em>E</em><sub>b</sub>) of 712 MV m<sup>−1</sup>, the film delivers an efficiency (<em>η</em>) of 87 % and a discharge energy density (<em>U</em><sub>d</sub>) of 11.10 J cm<sup>−3</sup> at room temperature. Notably, the film sustains excellent performance at 200 °C, delivering an <em>η</em> of 74 % and a <em>U</em><sub>d</sub> of 6.14 J cm<sup>−3</sup>. These findings indicate that combining structural design with functional fillers in PEI composites is a promising pathway for developing advanced dielectric materials with stable energy performance at elevated temperatures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111484"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for materials with superior barrier and mechanical properties has surged. Mechanical processing techniques have been proven effective in facilitating the self-assembly of the nacre-mimetic structure, significantly enhancing the properties of polymer materials. However, these methods often lead to non-uniform strain, which limits the potential reinforcement effects. This study proposes a sequential pulse cold rolling rheological strategy. By applying multiple small-amplitude loads, the relaxation behavior of molecular chains is effectively regulated to minimize non-uniform strain during mechanical processing, thereby enabling the formation of a more uniform nacre-mimetic structure under cold solid-state. The optimized cold-rolled membrane demonstrated an oxygen improvement factor (BIF) of 5.8 and a tensile strength of 59.0 MPa, representing enhancements of 480 % and 470.3 %, respectively, compared to that of the control. The membranes also showed excellent biocompatibility and achieved a 60.24 % inhibition rate against Candida albicans, compared to 24.09 % for the control. In vivo studies demonstrated that by 14 days, the cr-2 achieved a healing rate of 93.05 %, significantly higher than that of the control (83.10 %) and blank (58.34 %). This approach provides a general strategy for mitigating non-uniform strain during machining processes, offering broad applicability in material design and processing.
{"title":"Development of ultra-strong and high barrier polymer membrane with nacre-mimetic structure via sequential pulse cold rolling rheological strategy","authors":"Senhao Zhang, Tongkun Wang, Cong Ye, Jincai Cheng, Huanhuan Zhang, Jin-Ping Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111487","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111487","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Following the COVID-19 pandemic, the demand for materials with superior barrier and mechanical properties has surged. Mechanical processing techniques have been proven effective in facilitating the self-assembly of the nacre-mimetic structure, significantly enhancing the properties of polymer materials. However, these methods often lead to non-uniform strain, which limits the potential reinforcement effects. This study proposes a sequential pulse cold rolling rheological strategy. By applying multiple small-amplitude loads, the relaxation behavior of molecular chains is effectively regulated to minimize non-uniform strain during mechanical processing, thereby enabling the formation of a more uniform nacre-mimetic structure under cold solid-state. The optimized cold-rolled membrane demonstrated an oxygen improvement factor (BIF) of 5.8 and a tensile strength of 59.0 MPa, representing enhancements of 480 % and 470.3 %, respectively, compared to that of the control. The membranes also showed excellent biocompatibility and achieved a 60.24 % inhibition rate against <em>Candida albicans</em>, compared to 24.09 % for the control. In vivo studies demonstrated that by 14 days, the cr-2 achieved a healing rate of 93.05 %, significantly higher than that of the control (83.10 %) and blank (58.34 %). This approach provides a general strategy for mitigating non-uniform strain during machining processes, offering broad applicability in material design and processing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111487"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798066","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-10DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111485
Xiaofang Zhang , Yanan Yuan
Traditional thick-ply composites exhibit significant susceptibility to delamination under impact loading, presenting critical challenges to higher mechanical performance. Superior delamination resistance of ultra-thin-ply composites has been proven. We have attempted for the first time to conduct low-velocity impact (LVI) and compression-after-impact (CAI) test using ultra-thin-ply layer under thickness gradient and hybrid design, which is expected to inhibit impact delamination and induced damage competition mechanism, thereby improving CAI strength. Experimental results have proven that the gradient structure with ultra-thin-ply effectively reduces the delamination risk under LVI test and the energy dissipated mechanism transformation has been observed. Compared with thick-ply laminates dominated by delamination, the gradient structure exhibits increased energy distribution for fiber fracture and and the ultimate failure mode is the competition mode between delamination and fiber fracture. Notably, the gradient design imparts more comprehensive mechanical properties to FG-43211234 (a thickness gradient design incorporating four distinct ply thicknesses), manifested in smaller impact depths and superior CAI strength. Furthermore, this study elucidates the damage mechanism of CAI performance: uniform-ply composites exhibit single damage control, with thin-ply structure mainly experiences kink-band failure, while thick-ply structure is primarily characterized by delamination failure. The gradient structure exhibits a damage mechanism competition between kink-band and delamination. The thickness gradient design significantly improves damage tolerance by impeding through-thickness damage propagation, thereby offering enhanced design possibilities and approaches for applications demanding superior damage resistance.
{"title":"Enhancing CAI strength via ultra-thin/thick ply gradient design: Inhibiting impact delamination and inducing damage competition","authors":"Xiaofang Zhang , Yanan Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111485","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111485","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Traditional thick-ply composites exhibit significant susceptibility to delamination under impact loading, presenting critical challenges to higher mechanical performance. Superior delamination resistance of ultra-thin-ply composites has been proven. We have attempted for the first time to conduct low-velocity impact (LVI) and compression-after-impact (CAI) test using ultra-thin-ply layer under thickness gradient and hybrid design, which is expected to inhibit impact delamination and induced damage competition mechanism, thereby improving CAI strength. Experimental results have proven that the gradient structure with ultra-thin-ply effectively reduces the delamination risk under LVI test and the energy dissipated mechanism transformation has been observed. Compared with thick-ply laminates dominated by delamination, the gradient structure exhibits increased energy distribution for fiber fracture and and the ultimate failure mode is the competition mode between delamination and fiber fracture. Notably, the gradient design imparts more comprehensive mechanical properties to FG-43211234 (a thickness gradient design incorporating four distinct ply thicknesses), manifested in smaller impact depths and superior CAI strength. Furthermore, this study elucidates the damage mechanism of CAI performance: uniform-ply composites exhibit single damage control, with thin-ply structure mainly experiences kink-band failure, while thick-ply structure is primarily characterized by delamination failure. The gradient structure exhibits a damage mechanism competition between kink-band and delamination. The thickness gradient design significantly improves damage tolerance by impeding through-thickness damage propagation, thereby offering enhanced design possibilities and approaches for applications demanding superior damage resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111485"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111483
Wenlong Hu , Hui Cheng , Kaifu Zhang , Yapeng Li , Haozhe Yang , Yuan Li , Renzi Bai , Biao Liang
The concurrent multiscale damage analysis allows to capture the macro and micro damage information simultaneously for carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite (CFRP) joint, which is beneficial for elucidating its complex multiscale damage failure mechanisms. However, existing concurrent multiscale methods have failed to balance the efficiency and accuracy, posing challenges for the concurrent damage simulation of CFRP joint. To address this issue, this work proposed a novel concurrent multiscale method integrating finite element method (FEM) and physics-informed neural network (PINN) based self-consistent clustering analysis (SCA) method, aiming at efficiently and accurately predicting the multiscale damage behavior of CFRP joint. The PINN-based SCA method was employed to efficiently compute the stress and damage state of the unidirectional representative volume element (UD-RVE) at microscale, while the modified macro stress homogenization method and the energy-based macro damage state calculation method were adopted to accurately compute the stress and damage of corresponding macro material point. The effectiveness of the proposed method was validated through in-situ loading experiments and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) experiments, demonstrating its capability to effectively capture the multiscale damage behavior of CFRP joint. In the end, different joint forms (bolt forms and lapped forms) were analyzed with this method to investigate the influence of joint forms on the damage around the bolt-holes, providing a useful analysis tool for the design of CFRP joint structure.
{"title":"A novel concurrent multiscale damage analysis method enhanced by physics-informed neural network for composite joint","authors":"Wenlong Hu , Hui Cheng , Kaifu Zhang , Yapeng Li , Haozhe Yang , Yuan Li , Renzi Bai , Biao Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111483","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111483","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The concurrent multiscale damage analysis allows to capture the macro and micro damage information simultaneously for carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite (CFRP) joint, which is beneficial for elucidating its complex multiscale damage failure mechanisms. However, existing concurrent multiscale methods have failed to balance the efficiency and accuracy, posing challenges for the concurrent damage simulation of CFRP joint. To address this issue, this work proposed a novel concurrent multiscale method integrating finite element method (FEM) and physics-informed neural network (PINN) based self-consistent clustering analysis (SCA) method, aiming at efficiently and accurately predicting the multiscale damage behavior of CFRP joint. The PINN-based SCA method was employed to efficiently compute the stress and damage state of the unidirectional representative volume element (UD-RVE) at microscale, while the modified macro stress homogenization method and the energy-based macro damage state calculation method were adopted to accurately compute the stress and damage of corresponding macro material point. The effectiveness of the proposed method was validated through in-situ loading experiments and Digital Image Correlation (DIC) experiments, demonstrating its capability to effectively capture the multiscale damage behavior of CFRP joint. In the end, different joint forms (bolt forms and lapped forms) were analyzed with this method to investigate the influence of joint forms on the damage around the bolt-holes, providing a useful analysis tool for the design of CFRP joint structure.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111483"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111481
Ziyi Liu, Jinzhao Huang, Shangyang Yu, Zhonggang Li, Siyang Wu, Weiyang Zheng, Bo Xiong, Licheng Guo
This paper proposes a novel non-destructive testing method for damage identification in composite plates, which is based on Frequency Response Functions (FRFs)-integrated Equivalent Mode Shape Derivatives (FEMSD), to address the critical challenge of measurement noise degrading the accuracy of vibration-based methods. The proposed method constructs noise-robust equivalent mode shape derivatives by leveraging FRFs within adaptively optimized frequency bands. Its core innovation lies in uniquely determining these optimal frequency bands by minimizing the equivalent mode shape's mean curvature. This strategy autonomously balances noise suppression with modal fidelity without any prior knowledge of the uncontaminated mode shape. Validation via numerical simulations and experiments on composite plates with matrix cracks and delamination shows that the proposed method establishes a robust and noise-resistant framework, outperforming the conventional Mode Shape Derivative Based Damage Identification (MSDBDI) method in accuracy, noise robustness, and reliability. It achieves accurate identification of a 112-mm crack at 10 % noise and 40 × 40 mm delamination at 15 % noise, whereas the MSDBDI method possesses 0 % noise tolerance for accurate identification. Experimental validations further confirm the method's practicality, demonstrating that it eliminates false positives generated by MSDBDI and yields identification results consistent with ultrasonic C-scans.
{"title":"A novel noise-resistant method for damage identification in Composite plates using equivalent mode shape derivatives","authors":"Ziyi Liu, Jinzhao Huang, Shangyang Yu, Zhonggang Li, Siyang Wu, Weiyang Zheng, Bo Xiong, Licheng Guo","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111481","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111481","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper proposes a novel non-destructive testing method for damage identification in composite plates, which is based on Frequency Response Functions (FRFs)-integrated Equivalent Mode Shape Derivatives (FEMSD), to address the critical challenge of measurement noise degrading the accuracy of vibration-based methods. The proposed method constructs noise-robust equivalent mode shape derivatives by leveraging FRFs within adaptively optimized frequency bands. Its core innovation lies in uniquely determining these optimal frequency bands by minimizing the equivalent mode shape's mean curvature. This strategy autonomously balances noise suppression with modal fidelity without any prior knowledge of the uncontaminated mode shape. Validation via numerical simulations and experiments on composite plates with matrix cracks and delamination shows that the proposed method establishes a robust and noise-resistant framework, outperforming the conventional Mode Shape Derivative Based Damage Identification (MSDBDI) method in accuracy, noise robustness, and reliability. It achieves accurate identification of a 112-mm crack at 10 % noise and 40 × 40 mm delamination at 15 % noise, whereas the MSDBDI method possesses 0 % noise tolerance for accurate identification. Experimental validations further confirm the method's practicality, demonstrating that it eliminates false positives generated by MSDBDI and yields identification results consistent with ultrasonic <em>C</em>-scans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111481"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145798059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Process-induced deformation (PID) during the curing of thermoset composites, driven by complex mechanisms, compromises the load-bearing capacity and service life of assembled components. This study explores a gravity-driven strategy, inspired by gravitropism in plant root growth, to suppress PID and enhance the performance of thin-walled S-glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates for aerospace applications. The upside-down molding (UM) process, leveraging gravitational resin flow, reduced thickness variance by up to 47.37 % and curing deformation by up to 24.28 % compared to conventional molding (CM). Three-point bending tests revealed UM improved bending strength stability, energy absorption density rises of 16.10 %. These enhancements, attributed to optimized interlayer resin distribution, suggest potential for aerospace structural applications.
{"title":"Investigation on suppressing curing deformation and optimizing performance of fiber composites with gravity-driven strategies","authors":"Yuhang Ding , Xishuang Jing , Fubao Xie , Jingyan An , Boyan Shen , Siyu Chen , Chengyang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111480","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111480","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Process-induced deformation (PID) during the curing of thermoset composites, driven by complex mechanisms, compromises the load-bearing capacity and service life of assembled components. This study explores a gravity-driven strategy, inspired by gravitropism in plant root growth, to suppress PID and enhance the performance of thin-walled S-glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) laminates for aerospace applications. The upside-down molding (UM) process, leveraging gravitational resin flow, reduced thickness variance by up to 47.37 % and curing deformation by up to 24.28 % compared to conventional molding (CM). Three-point bending tests revealed UM improved bending strength stability, energy absorption density rises of 16.10 %. These enhancements, attributed to optimized interlayer resin distribution, suggest potential for aerospace structural applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111480"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111478
Mengyuan Hao , Zhenjiang Zhang , Xin Qian , Yao Wu , Mingyuan Li , Chengxi Zhu , Yonggang Zhang
With the continuous increase in integration and operating frequency of electronic equipment, issues concerning electromagnetic compatibility and thermal management have drawn significant attention. Graphite foam could be designed as a promising bi-functional material capable of simultaneous heat conduction and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, owing to its highly conductive graphite framework and unique porous architecture that effectively reflects electromagnetic waves. Polyimide (PI) stands out as an ideal carbon source due to its rigid chain structure, thermal stability and high carbonization rate. Herein, this work presents a strategy for the preparation of catalyzed PI-based graphite foam to achieve simultaneous thermal conduction and EMI shielding. In detail, PI-based graphite foam (GPIF) was fabricated via foaming, carbonization and graphitization, along with the graphitic crystallinity being significantly enhanced through catalytic graphitization. Eventually, GPIF-Fe2O3-2800 was prepared through the Fe2O3-catalyzed graphitization under 2800 °C, which exhibited a remarkable thermal conductivity of 7.77 W/(m·K) because of its significantly improved graphitization degree, as demonstrated by the 002 crystal plane spacing of 0.3355 nm. Moreover, when subjected to uncatalyzed graphitization, GPIF-2800 showed exceptional electromagnetic shielding performance, with an electromagnetic shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of 54.55 dB in the X-band frequency range (8–12 GHz). This research provides a straightforward and feasible strategy for developing bi-functional graphite foam materials, suitable for both heat dissipation and EMI shielding in advanced electronic devices.
{"title":"Bifunctional polyimide-based graphite foam with integrated thermal conduction and electromagnetic shielding capabilities","authors":"Mengyuan Hao , Zhenjiang Zhang , Xin Qian , Yao Wu , Mingyuan Li , Chengxi Zhu , Yonggang Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111478","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111478","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the continuous increase in integration and operating frequency of electronic equipment, issues concerning electromagnetic compatibility and thermal management have drawn significant attention. Graphite foam could be designed as a promising bi-functional material capable of simultaneous heat conduction and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, owing to its highly conductive graphite framework and unique porous architecture that effectively reflects electromagnetic waves. Polyimide (PI) stands out as an ideal carbon source due to its rigid chain structure, thermal stability and high carbonization rate. Herein, this work presents a strategy for the preparation of catalyzed PI-based graphite foam to achieve simultaneous thermal conduction and EMI shielding. In detail, PI-based graphite foam (GPIF) was fabricated via foaming, carbonization and graphitization, along with the graphitic crystallinity being significantly enhanced through catalytic graphitization. Eventually, GPIF-Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-2800 was prepared through the Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>-catalyzed graphitization under 2800 °C, which exhibited a remarkable thermal conductivity of 7.77 W/(m·K) because of its significantly improved graphitization degree, as demonstrated by the 002 crystal plane spacing of 0.3355 nm. Moreover, when subjected to uncatalyzed graphitization, GPIF-2800 showed exceptional electromagnetic shielding performance, with an electromagnetic shielding efficiency (EMI SE) of 54.55 dB in the X-band frequency range (8–12 GHz). This research provides a straightforward and feasible strategy for developing bi-functional graphite foam materials, suitable for both heat dissipation and EMI shielding in advanced electronic devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111478"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145749194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111479
Wenxuan Ding , Bohao Xu , Weihe Chen , Siyang Wang , Yonglin Chen , Wenbin Kang , Weidong Yang
The thermo-tactile linkage perception of human skin is an important mechanism for maintaining life safety. However, existed biomimicking electronic skin sensors are difficult to achieve active regulation of touch by temperature information. So far, some multimodal and multifunctional flexible sensors have made progress, but most of them are limited to independent signal acquisition and parallel processing, lacking the cross-modal collaborative response capability of biological organisms. Therefore, this work proposes a self-adaptive capacitive-resistive mode-conversion pressure sensor, whose mode-converting function can be achieved by a high relative permittivity (high-κ) nanocomposite layer and a temperature sensitive insulation layer. The capacitive pressure sensing mode is constructed at the ambient temperatures below the phase transition temperature of the insulation layer, exhibiting high stability and repeatability. When the ambient temperature rises to the phase transition point, conductive pathways are formed, thus the flexible pressure sensor converts to resistive pressure sensing mode. The mode conversion characteristics were experimentally demonstrated through robot hand grasping the hot water cup, where temperature-triggered adaptive converting of sensing mechanism. This mode-conversion flexible pressure sensor achieves perception of dangerous temperatures through the recognition of electrical signal patterns, providing new ideas for the development of intelligent electronic skin with environmental adaptability.
{"title":"Self-adaptive capacitive-resistive mode-conversion sensor for thermo-tactile perception via high-κ nanocomposites","authors":"Wenxuan Ding , Bohao Xu , Weihe Chen , Siyang Wang , Yonglin Chen , Wenbin Kang , Weidong Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111479","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111479","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermo-tactile linkage perception of human skin is an important mechanism for maintaining life safety. However, existed biomimicking electronic skin sensors are difficult to achieve active regulation of touch by temperature information. So far, some multimodal and multifunctional flexible sensors have made progress, but most of them are limited to independent signal acquisition and parallel processing, lacking the cross-modal collaborative response capability of biological organisms. Therefore, this work proposes a self-adaptive capacitive-resistive mode-conversion pressure sensor, whose mode-converting function can be achieved by a high relative permittivity (high-κ) nanocomposite layer and a temperature sensitive insulation layer. The capacitive pressure sensing mode is constructed at the ambient temperatures below the phase transition temperature of the insulation layer, exhibiting high stability and repeatability. When the ambient temperature rises to the phase transition point, conductive pathways are formed, thus the flexible pressure sensor converts to resistive pressure sensing mode. The mode conversion characteristics were experimentally demonstrated through robot hand grasping the hot water cup, where temperature-triggered adaptive converting of sensing mechanism. This mode-conversion flexible pressure sensor achieves perception of dangerous temperatures through the recognition of electrical signal patterns, providing new ideas for the development of intelligent electronic skin with environmental adaptability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":283,"journal":{"name":"Composites Science and Technology","volume":"275 ","pages":"Article 111479"},"PeriodicalIF":9.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693453","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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