Composites Science and Technology最新文献_第2页

Quantitative analysis of interface crack propagation along a single carbon fiber under off-axis cyclic loading using nanoscopic three-dimensional imaging 用纳米三维成像技术定量分析单碳纤维在离轴循环载荷下的界面裂纹扩展

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111522

Naoya Matsuda , Kosuke Takahashi

Understanding the fatigue behavior of carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) requires clarifying the mechanism of interfacial crack initiation and propagation along individual carbon fibers. In this study, in-situ synchrotron radiation X-ray nano-computed tomography (nano-CT) was employed to visualize three-dimensional interfacial crack propagation between a single carbon fiber and an epoxy matrix under cyclic loading. Dumbbell-shaped specimens containing a transversely embedded carbon fiber were subjected to cyclic loading at maximum stresses of 50 and 60 MPa, both below the yield stress (70 MPa). Crack propagation was captured after specific numbers of cycles using a custom-designed piezo-actuated fatigue testing system installed at beamline BL20XU of the SPring-8 synchrotron facility. The reconstructed nano-CT images revealed that interfacial cracks initiated from the fiber ends and propagated several micrometers along the interface. The measured crack propagation rate decreased with increasing cycle number and eventually indicated a transition to non-propagating cracks. The corresponding stress intensity factor range calculated at the crack tips was lower than the experimentally determined threshold value for the bulk epoxy matrix obtained using compact tension specimens. This comparison confirms that the interfacial crack along a single carbon fiber is too small to fracture the surrounding epoxy matrix, suggesting that fatigue behavior is governed by the local fracture toughness of the epoxy matrix. These findings demonstrate, for the first time, direct three-dimensional visualization of an interfacial crack along a single carbon fiber under elastic cyclic loading, providing new insights into the micro-mechanical origins of fatigue resistance in CFRP materials.

要理解碳纤维增强塑料（CFRP）的疲劳行为，就需要明确单个碳纤维的界面裂纹萌生和扩展机制。在这项研究中，采用原位同步辐射x射线纳米计算机断层扫描（纳米ct）来观察循环载荷下单个碳纤维与环氧基之间的三维界面裂纹扩展。含碳纤维横向嵌套的哑铃形试件在最大应力50和60 MPa下进行循环加载，均低于屈服应力（70 MPa）。使用安装在SPring-8同步加速器设备的光束线BL20XU上的定制压电驱动疲劳测试系统，在特定次数的循环后捕获裂纹扩展。重建的纳米ct图像显示，界面裂纹从纤维端开始，沿界面扩展数微米。裂纹扩展速率随循环次数的增加而减小，最终向非扩展裂纹过渡。在裂纹尖端处计算的相应应力强度因子范围低于用紧致拉伸试样获得的大块环氧基体的实验确定的阈值。这一对比证实，沿单个碳纤维的界面裂纹太小，无法破坏周围的环氧基体，这表明疲劳行为受环氧基体局部断裂韧性的控制。这些发现首次证明了弹性循环载荷下单个碳纤维界面裂纹的直接三维可视化，为CFRP材料抗疲劳的微观力学根源提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Geometric scaling of reinforcement and its pivotal role in design of 3D woven composites 钢筋几何缩放及其在三维编织复合材料设计中的关键作用

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111517

Elena Sitnikova , Shuguang Li

Geometric scaling has been defined as means of producing equivalent 3D layer-to-layer angle interlock woven composite configurations that have different reinforcement geometries but identical, or very similar, effective elastic properties. Scaling rules have been derived under condition that the key geometric properties of the weave: the interlocking angle, global fibre volume fraction and weft to warp tow volume ratio, should not be affected by scaling. The role of tow sizes as designable parameters directly associated with scaling has been established for the first time. With scaling method in place, design of 3D woven composites can be defined as a two-stage process, where the effective elastic properties are varied via systematic variation of tow densities, while scaling is applied at a post-processing stage to ensure the practicality of design. The design process is comprehensive in a sense that it involves all the designable parameters, explicitly defining their roles and contribution.

几何缩放被定义为产生等效的三维层对层角度互锁编织复合材料构型的手段，这些复合材料具有不同的增强几何形状，但具有相同或非常相似的有效弹性性能。在织物的关键几何性能：互锁角、总纤维体积分数和经纬拖曳比不受结垢影响的条件下，推导出结垢规则。作为可设计参数的拖曳尺寸的作用首次被确定，并与尺度直接相关。有了缩放法，三维编织复合材料的设计可以定义为两个阶段的过程，其中有效弹性性能是通过系统的变化束密度来改变的，而缩放是在后处理阶段进行的，以确保设计的实用性。从某种意义上说，设计过程是全面的，它涉及所有可设计的参数，明确定义它们的角色和贡献。

引用次数: 0

Meso-scale fracture simulation of high particle-filled composites using the numerical manifold method 基于数值流形方法的高颗粒填充复合材料细观断裂模拟

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111515

Liuchen Shu , Rui Yue , Xuezhen Zhai , Youjun Ning , Ge Kang

High particle-filled composites (HPFCs) are widely used in protective structures, aerospace components, and energetic materials due to their high density, superior mechanical properties, and multifunctionality. However, their complex meso-structures give rise to highly nonlinear and multi-scale coupled deformation and fracture behaviors under tensile loading. In this study, crack-insertion and element-deletion algorithms were developed within the framework of the Numerical Manifold Method (NMM) to simulate the meso-scale fracture processes of HPFCs. Representative volume elements (RVEs) were constructed with distinct constitutive models for particles, matrix, and interfaces to investigate the effects of particle filling ratio, temperature, and strain rate on the mechanical response. Results indicate that low filling ratio models exhibit multiple crack bands, whereas high filling ratio models develop a single dominant crack band. Increasing filling ratio enhances the equivalent elastic modulus but reduces failure strain, with tensile strength remaining nearly constant. Temperature rise softens the matrix, shifts crack initiation toward the bottom, and suppresses transgranular fracture of particles. At high strain rates, fracture evolves into multiple crack bands, with increasing modulus and decreasing failure strain. Comparison with experimental data at 25 °C, strain rate of

0.67 s^{- 1}

, and particle volume fraction of 90.102% shows simulation errors below 2% for both modulus and strength, confirming the accuracy of the method. Overall, the proposed NMM-based approach effectively captures critical fracture features such as crack-band evolution and interfacial debonding, and provides accurate predictions of HPFCs mechanical responses under varying service conditions, offering valuable insights for material design and optimization.

高颗粒填充复合材料（hpfc）因其高密度、优异的机械性能和多功能性而广泛应用于防护结构、航空航天部件和高能材料中。然而，它们复杂的细观结构导致了在拉伸载荷下高度非线性和多尺度耦合的变形和断裂行为。本文在数值流形法（NMM）的框架下，开发了裂纹插入和单元删除算法来模拟高氟碳纤维的细观尺度断裂过程。构建具有代表性的体积单元（RVEs），分别建立颗粒、基体和界面的本构模型，研究颗粒填充率、温度和应变速率对力学响应的影响。结果表明：低填充率模型存在多条裂缝带，而高填充率模型存在一条优势裂缝带。增大填充比，等效弹性模量增大，破坏应变减小，抗拉强度基本保持不变。升温软化了基体，使裂纹萌生向底部移动，抑制了颗粒的穿晶断裂。在高应变速率下，断裂演化为多个裂纹带，模量增大，破坏应变减小。与25℃、应变率为0.67s−1、颗粒体积分数为90.102%时的实验数据相比，模量和强度的模拟误差均小于2%，验证了该方法的准确性。总体而言，该方法有效捕获了裂纹带演化和界面脱粘等关键断裂特征，并提供了不同使用条件下HPFCs力学响应的准确预测，为材料设计和优化提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

A detailed study of NiFe2O4-PVDF magnetic composites: Structural stability and superior magnetic properties for functional applications NiFe2O4-PVDF磁性复合材料的详细研究：结构稳定性和功能应用的优越磁性

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111521

Sarah Baayyad , Chaymae Bahloul , Fatima-Zahra Semlali , El Kebir Hlil , Tarik Mahfoud , Hassan EL Moussaoui , Mounir EL Achaby

In this work, PVDF-based magnetic nanocomposites reinforced with NiFe₂O₄ nanoparticles were successfully fabricated through a two-step process, involving nanoparticle synthesis at controlled pH values (10, 11, and 12) followed by composite preparation via solvent casting. The influence of particle size, loading, and inter-particles interaction on the structural, mechanical, and magnetic properties of the magnetic polymer composite was systematically investigated. SEM analysis revealed that higher nanoparticle loadings and larger particle sizes increased surface roughness due to aggregation and chain disruption, yet the magnetic polymer composite material maintained structural integrity without phase separation or defects. Mechanical performance was also strongly governed by nanoparticle characteristics: PVDF/30-NF11 showed the highest stiffness, while PVDF/30-NF10, containing smaller particles (26.7 nm), achieved the best balance of stiffness, strength, and strain. Magnetic behavior was optimized in PVDF/30-NF11, where particle size (42 nm) enabled strong inter-particle interactions and enhanced structural stability, yielding superior magnetic response. These findings highlight how particle size, the filler content in the PVDF matrix, and the inter-particle interactions, collectively govern the overall performance of PVDF based magnetic composite, offering a clear pathway to guide the optimized design of high-performance polymer-based magnetic materials for applications in sensors, actuators, and electromagnetic devices.

在这项工作中，通过两步工艺成功制备了以NiFe2O4纳米颗粒增强的pvdf基磁性纳米复合材料，包括在控制pH值（10、11和12）下合成纳米颗粒，然后通过溶剂铸造制备复合材料。系统地研究了粒径、载荷和颗粒间相互作用对磁性聚合物复合材料结构、力学和磁性能的影响。SEM分析表明，高纳米颗粒负载和大颗粒尺寸增加了表面粗糙度，因为聚集和链断裂，但磁性聚合物复合材料保持结构完整性，没有相分离或缺陷。力学性能也受到纳米颗粒特性的强烈影响：PVDF/30-NF11具有最高的刚度，而PVDF/30-NF10含有较小的颗粒（26.7 nm），达到了刚度，强度和应变的最佳平衡。PVDF/30-NF11的磁性行为进行了优化，其中粒径（42 nm）使颗粒间相互作用强，增强了结构稳定性，产生了优异的磁性响应。这些发现强调了PVDF基质中的颗粒大小、填料含量以及颗粒间相互作用如何共同影响PVDF基磁性复合材料的整体性能，为指导高性能聚合物基磁性材料的优化设计提供了明确的途径，可用于传感器、执行器和电磁器件。

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引用次数: 0

Comparison of the in-plane shear response of a FRP obtained by biaxial tension-compression test and standard methods 双轴拉压试验与标准方法测得FRP的面内剪切响应比较

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111519

M.C. Serna Moreno, S. Horta Muñoz, J. García-Delgado

Standard methods for determining the intralaminar shear behaviour of unidirectional fibre-reinforced polymers (FRPs) provide accurate measurements of shear stiffness along the principal material directions. However, the shear stress-strain relationship often varies across methodologies, leading to significant differences in the onset of non-linearity and the estimated shear strength. In this work, the Digital Image Correlation technique is used to assess the full strain fields obtained from V-notched rail, Iosipescu and uniaxial tensile standards, together with the tension-compression biaxial test (TC test), recently introduced as a novel technique for determining the in-plane shear response. The strain state specific to each case is examined, as they are closely related to the differences observed in their non-linear shear responses. This study presents, for the first time in the literature, a comprehensive comparison of angular changes, rigid-body motion and fibre reorientation obtained with different shear test methodologies. The main challenge lies in quantitatively describing the deviation from ideal strain states, i.e. simple and pure shear strain fields, as large shear strains during the non-linear shear response can significantly alter the initial geometry of the specimen. As a new outcome, shear and longitudinal strains along the updated fibre directions are calculated for analysing which strain component is predominant throughout the experiments. This comparative information is intended to support decision-making when selecting the most appropriate methodology. If only the shear modulus in the principal directions is of interest, the simpler and more cost-effective uniaxial tensile test is recommended first, followed by V-notched type methods. For a more detailed characterization of the non-linear shear behaviour, the additional time and expense of TC tests may be justified.

测定单向纤维增强聚合物（frp）层内剪切行为的标准方法提供沿主要材料方向的剪切刚度的精确测量。然而，不同方法的剪切应力-应变关系往往不同，导致非线性的开始和估计的抗剪强度有显著差异。在这项工作中，使用数字图像相关技术来评估从v形缺口轨，Iosipescu和单轴拉伸标准中获得的全应变场，以及最近作为确定面内剪切响应的新技术引入的拉压双轴试验（TC试验）。对每种情况的应变状态进行了检查，因为它们与在非线性剪切响应中观察到的差异密切相关。本研究首次在文献中全面比较了不同剪切试验方法获得的角度变化、刚体运动和纤维重定向。主要的挑战在于定量描述与理想应变状态的偏差，即简单和纯剪切应变场，因为非线性剪切响应期间的大剪切应变会显著改变试样的初始几何形状。作为一种新的结果，沿着更新的纤维方向计算剪切和纵向应变，以分析在整个实验中哪种应变分量占主导地位。这种比较信息的目的是在选择最适当的方法时支持决策。如果只对主方向的剪切模量感兴趣，则建议先进行更简单、更经济的单轴拉伸试验，然后采用v形缺口型方法。为了更详细地描述非线性剪切行为，TC试验的额外时间和费用可能是合理的。

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引用次数: 0

Sequential bridging and horizontal alignment: A synergistic engineering strategy for high-performance Graphene/CNF films 顺序桥接和水平对齐：高性能石墨烯/CNF薄膜的协同工程策略

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111520

Yang Su, Jun Jin, Jiachen Guo, Minghui Zhang, Bo Peng, Min Chen, Limin Wu

Graphene-based composites are promising thermal management materials (TMMs) for integrated miniaturized electronics, yet surface size effects limit interfacial interactions and graphene alignment, hindering high thermal conductivity and mechanical strength. Herein, we fabricated robust graphene-based composite films via a sequential π-π, covalent, and hydrogen bonding integration, combining vacuum filtration and hot-pressing technologies. The self-assembled graphene and boron-doped graphene quantum dots (G/BGQDs), formed via intrinsic lattice matching, served as the filler within a cellulose nanofibers (CNF) matrix. At 80 wt% filler loading, the film exhibits an in-plane thermal conductivity of 136.7 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, tensile strength of 95.1 MPa, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding performance of 29.8 dB, along with excellent flexibility. The composite film demonstrates superior cooling efficiency for electronic components and stable thermal performance under various harsh conditions. This work provides a simple, scalable strategy for engineering interfacial interactions and lays a material foundation for high-performance thermal management systems.

石墨烯基复合材料是一种很有前途的集成小型化电子热管理材料（TMMs），但表面尺寸效应限制了界面相互作用和石墨烯排列，阻碍了高导热性和机械强度。在此，我们通过顺序π-π、共价和氢键集成，结合真空过滤和热压技术，制备了坚固的石墨烯基复合薄膜。自组装石墨烯和掺硼石墨烯量子点（G/BGQDs）通过本征晶格匹配形成，作为纤维素纳米纤维（CNF）基体的填料。在填充量为80 wt%时，薄膜的面内导热系数为136.7 W m−1 K−1，抗拉强度为95.1 MPa，电磁干扰（EMI）屏蔽性能为29.8 dB，同时具有优异的柔韧性。复合薄膜对电子元件具有优越的冷却效率，在各种恶劣条件下具有稳定的热性能。这项工作为工程界面交互提供了一种简单、可扩展的策略，并为高性能热管理系统奠定了物质基础。

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引用次数: 0

Application of an unsupervised deep learning framework for acoustic emission-based characterization of delamination process in composite laminates 应用无监督深度学习框架对复合材料层合板的分层过程进行声发射表征

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111507

Jakub Rzeczkowski

This study presents an advanced unsupervised deep learning framework for characterization of delamination processes in composite laminates based on acoustic emission (AE) measurements. The AE signal descriptors acquired during a double cantilever beam test were processed through a multi-stage analytical pipeline integrating stacked autoencoder for nonlinear feature extraction, uniform manifold approximation and projection (UMAP) for low-dimensional embedding and hierarchical density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise (HDBSCAN) for unsupervised acoustic emission signals classification. This comprehensive approach enabled effective segregation of heterogeneous AE events into distinct clusters associated with specific damage mechanisms occurring during delamination process. The clustering outcomes were further validated through complementary time-frequency analysis by using continuous wavelet transform (CWT). In addition, a scanning electron microscopy fractographic observations of real delamination surfaces were also conducted. The proposed framework facilitated the differentiation of AE signal groups that may be associated with typical damage mechanisms, including matrix cracking, interfacial debonding with fiber pull-out and delamination. By removing the reliance on manual feature engineering and labeled datasets, this methodology provides a fully data-driven tool for interpretation of complex acoustic emission data. Furthermore, a prototype software application was developed to enable real-time processing, clustering and visualization of AE signals during experimental testing. The originality of this work lies in the integration of deep representation learning, nonlinear manifold embedding and density-based clustering into a coherent unsupervised analytical framework enabling efficient clustering of nonlinear acoustic emission data acquired during experimental testing of composite laminates.

本研究提出了一种先进的无监督深度学习框架，用于表征基于声发射（AE）测量的复合材料层压板的分层过程。在双悬臂梁测试过程中获得的声发射信号描述符通过多层分析管道进行处理，该管道集成了堆叠自编码器进行非线性特征提取，均匀流形逼近和投影（UMAP）进行低维嵌入，基于分层密度的带噪声应用空间聚类（HDBSCAN）进行无监督声发射信号分类。这种综合的方法能够有效地将异质声发射事件分离成与分层过程中发生的特定损伤机制相关的不同簇。通过连续小波变换（CWT）的互补时频分析进一步验证聚类结果。此外，还对实际脱层表面进行了扫描电镜断口观察。所提出的框架有助于区分可能与典型损伤机制相关的声发射信号群，包括基体开裂、界面脱粘（纤维拔出）和分层。通过消除对手动特征工程和标记数据集的依赖，该方法为复杂声发射数据的解释提供了完全数据驱动的工具。此外，开发了一个原型软件应用程序，实现了实验测试过程中声发射信号的实时处理、聚类和可视化。这项工作的独创性在于将深度表示学习，非线性流形嵌入和基于密度的聚类集成到一个连贯的无监督分析框架中，从而能够有效地聚类复合材料层压板实验测试期间获得的非线性声发射数据。

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引用次数: 0

Series-structured design for enhanced pyroresistive properties in low switching temperature PTC composites 低开关温度PTC复合材料中增强热阻性能的系列结构设计

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111516

Teng Li , Chang Dong , Li Yang , Hui-Kang Xu , Gui-Lin Song , Jie Li , Yue-Yi Wang , Ding-Xiang Yan , Zhong-Ming Li

Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) composites with low switching temperature (T_s) are critical for self-regulating heating in spacecraft optical systems and energy systems, nevertheless, balancing low initial resistivity, high PTC intensity, and fast heating rate is still challenged. This work designs a novel low T_s PTC composite with series structure to conquer such contradictions, comprising a PTC switching module as interlayer and highly conductive heating modules as upper/lower layers. The architecture simultaneously leverages the sharp PTC effect of interlayers and rapid heating effect of upper/lower layers, resulting in obvious advantages in pyroresistivity properties and self-regulating heating performance. The series-structured composite achieves improved PTC intensity of 6.7 with the corresponding heater average heating rate of 25.8 °C/min, in comparison to 6.2 and 7.8 °C/min for the conventional PTC composite, while these two composites possess similar low T_s (38 °C) and initial resistivity (45 Ω cm). The series-structured composite also demonstrates exceptional reproducibility of pyroresistivity properties with 89 % resistivity retention over 500 heating-cooling cycles. Furthermore, as an innovative design architecture transcending compositional constraints, adjusting module compositions enables flexible tuning of pyroresistivity properties of the series-structured composites and average heating rates and equilibrium temperatures of the corresponding heater without compromising stability. This work provides a new guideline for developing low T_s PTC composites with potential applications in customizable aerospace de-icing, automotive heaters, and battery thermal management systems.

低开关温度的正温度系数（PTC）复合材料是航天器光学系统和能源系统自调节加热的关键，但如何平衡低初始电阻率、高开关温度强度和快速加热速率仍然是一个挑战。为了克服这一矛盾，本文设计了一种新颖的串联结构的低Ts PTC复合材料，其中PTC开关模块为中间层，高导电加热模块为上下两层。该结构同时利用了中间层的明显PTC效应和上下层的快速加热效应，在热阻性能和自调节加热性能上具有明显的优势。串联结构复合材料的PTC强度达到6.7，加热器的平均加热速率为25.8°C/min，而传统PTC复合材料的平均加热速率为6.2和7.8°C/min，两种复合材料具有相似的低Ts（38°C）和初始电阻率（45 Ω cm）。该系列结构的复合材料还表现出优异的热阻特性再现性，在500次加热-冷却循环中电阻率保持率为89%。此外，作为一种超越成分限制的创新设计架构，调整模块成分可以在不影响稳定性的情况下灵活调整串联结构复合材料的热阻特性以及相应加热器的平均加热速率和平衡温度。这项工作为开发低Ts PTC复合材料提供了新的指导方针，该复合材料在可定制的航空航天除冰、汽车加热器和电池热管理系统中具有潜在的应用前景。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated capacitive-resistive multiplexing technology for achieving pressure-strain decoupling in dual-parameter flexible sensor 实现双参数柔性传感器压力-应变解耦的集成容阻复用技术

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2026.111518

Shixue He , Jian Wu , Qiandiao Wei , Zhihao Chen , Shouyao Liu , Benlong Su , Youshan Wang

Flexible sensors are widely used in various fields but still encounter significant challenges (crosstalk of electromechanical signals, internal information monitoring) in monitoring complex environment. To address this challenge, we report a dual-parameter flexible pressure sensor based on a capacitive-resistive multiplexing architecture that ensures multiple parameter acquisition. The dual-parameter flexible sensor comprises a pressure-insensitive strain sensing unit (NR-CNT/GO) and a cross-response pressure sensing unit (PDMS/CNT porous structure). The sensor shows excellent stability and responsiveness with a pressure range of 0–1000 kPa or a strain range of 0–150 % under a single stimulus. Additionally, the sensor has excellent resolution under dual stimuli, and the deviation between the theoretical model decoupling and the experimental data of the pressure sensing unit with cross-response is less than 13 %. Finally, a monitoring system with the sensor embedded in the rubber wheel (broad temperature range environment) demonstrates the application potential of the designed sensor for multi-parameter sensing under complex conditions.

柔性传感器被广泛应用于各个领域，但在复杂环境的监测中仍面临着重大挑战（机电信号串扰、内部信息监测）。为了解决这一挑战，我们报告了一种基于容阻复用架构的双参数柔性压力传感器，可确保多参数采集。双参数柔性传感器包括一个压力不敏感应变传感单元（NR-CNT/GO）和一个交叉响应压力传感单元（PDMS/CNT多孔结构）。该传感器在单次刺激下的压力范围为0 - 1000kpa，应变范围为0 - 150%，具有良好的稳定性和响应性。此外，该传感器在双重刺激下具有良好的分辨率，具有交叉响应的压力传感单元的理论模型解耦与实验数据的偏差小于13%。最后，通过将传感器嵌入橡胶轮（宽温度范围环境）的监测系统，验证了所设计传感器在复杂条件下多参数传感的应用潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing polymer composite performance through optimized alignment with machine learning and in-situ monitoring in electrically assisted vat photopolymerization 提高聚合物复合材料的性能，通过优化对准与机器学习和现场监测的电辅助缸光聚合

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111506

Tengteng Tang , Namratha Gopalabhatla , Jhati Seelapureddy , Jessica Westerham , Srikar Anudeep Remani , Shah Md Ashiquzzaman Nipu , Minju Yoo , Shenghan Guo , Xiangjia Li

Electrically assisted vat photopolymerization (E-VPP) presents a transformative approach for fabricating bioinspired, multiscale polymer composites with programmable anisotropic properties. By integrating dynamic electric field modulation with high-resolution video projection, E-VPP enables high-speed, cost-effective additive manufacturing of photocurable liquid crystal–silicon carbide (LC/SiC) nanocomposites. Precise nanofiller alignment achieved during printing is critical for tailoring microarchitectures and enhancing mechanical performance in a directionally controlled manner. A key challenge in this process is the real-time monitoring of nanofiller alignment, due to limited visual access during fabrication. To address this, we develop a generalizable machine learning prediction model that not only enables in-situ monitoring through video analysis but also accurately forecasts optimal alignment states across varying electric field conditions. Video data acquired during printing are analyzed using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for feature extraction and principal component analysis (PCA) for dimensionality reduction. Anomaly detection techniques, such as Hotelling's T-squared analysis, are employed to identify time windows of stable alignment. These data-driven insights guide optimal voltage application and process timing, ensuring consistent material quality and reproducible anisotropy. Aligned nanofillers substantially enhance anisotropic structural deformation and enable shape-morphing functionality. Specifically, the alignment of liquid crystal elastomer precursors results in programmable deformation in response to drying stimuli. The method accommodates complex geometries and heterogeneous material compositions, broadening its applicability to soft robotics, adaptive optics, biomedical scaffolds, and flexible electronics. This work establishes E-VPP as a scalable, intelligent manufacturing platform for engineering high-performance, multifunctional polymer composites with spatially programmable anisotropy.

电辅助还原光聚合（E-VPP）为制造具有可编程各向异性特性的生物启发、多尺度聚合物复合材料提供了一种革命性的方法。通过将动态电场调制与高分辨率视频投影相结合，E-VPP实现了光固化液晶碳化硅（LC/SiC）纳米复合材料的高速、经济高效的增材制造。在打印过程中实现精确的纳米填料对齐对于定制微结构和以定向控制的方式提高机械性能至关重要。在这个过程中一个关键的挑战是实时监测纳米填料排列，由于有限的视觉访问在制造过程中。为了解决这个问题，我们开发了一种通用的机器学习预测模型，该模型不仅可以通过视频分析进行现场监测，还可以准确预测不同电场条件下的最佳对准状态。采用卷积神经网络（cnn）进行特征提取，主成分分析（PCA）进行降维，对打印过程中采集的视频数据进行分析。异常检测技术，如霍特林的t平方分析，被用来识别稳定对准的时间窗。这些数据驱动的见解指导最佳电压应用和工艺时机，确保一致的材料质量和可重复的各向异性。排列的纳米填料大大增强了各向异性结构变形和实现形状变形功能。具体来说，液晶弹性体前体的排列导致可编程变形，以响应干燥刺激。该方法适用于复杂的几何形状和异质材料组成，扩大了其在软机器人、自适应光学、生物医学支架和柔性电子领域的适用性。这项工作建立了E-VPP作为一个可扩展的智能制造平台，用于工程高性能、多功能、具有空间可编程各向异性的聚合物复合材料。

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引用次数: 0