Composites Science and Technology最新文献_第2页

Recoverable, impact-resistant composites by encapsulating shear-stiffening gel into 3D-printed superelastic silicone rubber skeletons via in-situ polymerization 通过原位聚合将剪切硬化凝胶封装到3d打印的超弹性硅橡胶骨架中，制成可回收的抗冲击复合材料

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111467

Xingwei Feng , Jie Wang , Yongqian Chen , Jinpeng Wen , Tao Xing , Hong Shao , Yangguang Xu , Jian Li , Xicheng Huang , Changyu Tang

This study reports a compressive deformation-recoverable and high impact-resistant flexible composite fabricated by encapsulating shear-stiffening polyborosiloxane (PBS) gel into 3D-printed superelastic silicone rubber (SE) skeletons through in-situ polymerization approach, addressing critical limitations of conventional PBS, such as cold-flow and poor resilience. The approach achieves a homogeneous and high filling of PBS in the composites without leakage. Synergistic interactions between the resilient SE skeleton and strain-rate-sensitive PBS enable exceptional energy dissipation efficiency (83.6 %) and high recoverability (96.7 %) at low strain rate due to the synergistic effect of SE skeleton and PBS. The composite demonstrates superior impact-resistance, reducing peak forces by 69.1–80.6 % under high-energy impacts and exhibiting strain-rate-dependent energy absorption enhancement (79-fold increase at 5153 s⁻¹), outperforming commercial materials like EVA foam. Besides, the composite retains structural integrity after high-speed impacts due to PBS's self-healing capability via cold-flow behavior. Our approach provides a way for designing a composite with good elastic recovery, high impact resistance, and reusable energy dissipation properties for applications in wearable systems, precision equipment, and advanced armor.

本研究报告了一种压缩变形可恢复的高抗冲击柔性复合材料，通过原位聚合方法将剪切增强聚硼硅氧烷（PBS）凝胶封装到3d打印的超弹性硅橡胶（SE）骨架中，解决了传统PBS的冷流动和回弹性差等关键局限性。该方法实现了PBS在复合材料中的均匀和高填充，无泄漏。弹性SE骨架和应变率敏感的PBS之间的协同作用使得SE骨架和PBS在低应变率下具有出色的能量耗散效率（83.6%）和高的可恢复性（96.7%）。该复合材料表现出优异的抗冲击性，在高能冲击下峰值力降低69.1 - 80.6%，并表现出应变率相关的能量吸收增强（5153 s−1时增加79倍），优于EVA泡沫等商用材料。此外，由于PBS通过冷流行为的自愈能力，复合材料在高速撞击后仍能保持结构完整性。我们的方法为设计具有良好弹性恢复，高抗冲击性和可重复使用能量耗散特性的复合材料提供了一种方法，可用于可穿戴系统，精密设备和先进装甲。

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引用次数: 0

Multifunctional gradient-engineered ultrathin flexible composite films for electromagnetic interference shielding, energy storage, and Joule heating 用于电磁干扰屏蔽、储能和焦耳加热的多功能梯度工程超薄柔性复合薄膜

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111466

Zhuo Cai , Xinyu Ji , Jiepeng Zhao , Dandan Li , Yifei Ma , Mei Wang , Zhaomin Tong , Xuyuan Chen

Driven by the widespread adoption of smart and portable electronic devices, ultrathin films with energy storage capabilities are required to simultaneously provide electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and self-heating functionalities to operate reliably in demanding environments. Given the similarities in material selection and structural design between EMI shielding materials and supercapacitor electrodes, constructing architectures that integrate efficient conductive networks and ion transport pathways is critical for developing such multifunctional materials. Gradient conductive architectures using high–aspect ratio materials to bridge layers, with layer–performance correlation analysis, offer a promising route to overcome current limitations. Here, a gradient structure was achieved by designing a multilayer ultrathin CNF-based (carbon nanofiber) film. The resulting film presents a high EMI shielding effectiveness (SE/t of 8000 dB mm⁻¹ with a thickness of 5 μm), primarily due to the synergistic sequential reflection–absorption cycles shielding mechanism and enhanced polarization losses induced by abundant interfacial interactions. The CNT/CNF network inhibits the restacking of MXene, while CNT can form bridging channels between the upper and lower conductive layers, facilitating vertical electron transport across different conductive layers. The resulting film demonstrates excellent energy storage performance in symmetric supercapacitors, achieving a specific capacitance of 92.1 F/g. The film exhibits robust mechanical performance, with a tensile strength of 198 MPa and a strain of 5.8 % and outstanding Joule heating performance with a low operating voltage (reaching 92.7 °C at 4 V). The demonstrated properties position the composite film as a compelling material for integration into advanced wearable and flexible electronic platforms.

由于智能和便携式电子设备的广泛采用，需要具有能量存储能力的超薄薄膜同时提供电磁干扰（EMI）屏蔽和自加热功能，以便在苛刻的环境中可靠地运行。考虑到电磁干扰屏蔽材料和超级电容器电极在材料选择和结构设计上的相似性，构建集成高效导电网络和离子传输途径的架构对于开发这种多功能材料至关重要。利用高纵横比材料架桥的梯度导电结构，以及层间性能的相关性分析，为克服当前的限制提供了一条有希望的途径。在这里，通过设计多层超薄cnf基（碳纳米纤维）薄膜来实现梯度结构。所制备的薄膜具有较高的电磁干扰屏蔽效果（SE/t为8000 dB mm−1，厚度为5 μm），主要是由于协同顺序反射-吸收周期屏蔽机制和丰富的界面相互作用引起的极化损失增强。CNT/CNF网络抑制了MXene的再堆积，而CNT可以在上下导电层之间形成桥接通道，促进电子在不同导电层之间的垂直传递。所得薄膜在对称超级电容器中表现出优异的储能性能，比电容达到92.1 F/g。该薄膜具有良好的力学性能，抗拉强度为198 MPa，应变为5.8%，在低工作电压（4 V时达到92.7°C）下具有出色的焦耳加热性能。所展示的性能使复合薄膜成为集成到先进可穿戴和柔性电子平台的引人注目的材料。

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引用次数: 0

A full-field frequency domain analysis of experimental and numerical damping responses in flax fiber reinforced composites under hygroscopic cycling 吸湿循环作用下亚麻纤维增强复合材料阻尼响应的频域分析

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111468

Songli Tan , Bo Wen , Zhen Zhang , Qian Li , Yan Li

Flax fiber reinforced composites (FFRCs) have gained increasing attention as sustainable composites in aerospace applications, where vibration damping performance under environmental exposure is critical. However, the hygroscopic effects on the damping behavior of FFRCs, particularly in low to mid-frequency ranges, remain insufficiently understood. In this study, a full-field frequency domain analysis was conducted to investigate the damping responses of FFRCs under hygroscopic cycling. Firstly, unidirectional (0°, 45°, 90°), orthotropic and symmetric angle-ply composites were subjected to hygroscopic cycling in an environmental chamber under controlled temperature and humidity conditions. Then, all composites under various hygroscopic cycles were examined to establish the relationship between the first five-order modal frequencies, hygroscopicity and damping ratios via non-contact 3D scanning laser Doppler vibrometer. Finally, a finite element model was developed by incorporating laminate theory and the complex eigenvalue method within user-defined material subroutines to predict frequency- and moisture-dependent damping responses in full-field frequency range. The findings indicated that the damping ratio increased while the frequency were reduced in the composites subjected to hygroscopic cycling, thereby modifying the frequency dependence of energy dissipation mechanisms. Redrying to equilibrium moisture content did not restore the initial damping properties. After hygroscopic cycles, the resonance response amplitudes decreased under the same input energy. The proposed model demonstrated significant agreement with experimental results across all composites. The low-to-mid-frequency damping behavior and orientation-dependent modal responses of FFRCs under hygroscopic cycling were characterized. A novel finite element model incorporating hydrophilic properties was developed to provide critical insights for aerospace vibration mitigation.

亚麻纤维增强复合材料（ffrc）作为可持续复合材料在航空航天领域的应用越来越受到关注，在航空航天领域，环境暴露下的减振性能至关重要。然而，吸湿效应对ffrc阻尼行为的影响，特别是在低频到中频范围内，仍然没有得到充分的了解。在本研究中，对ffrc在吸湿循环下的阻尼响应进行了全场频域分析。首先，对单向（0°、45°、90°）、正交各向异性和对称角层复合材料在可控温湿度条件下进行了吸湿循环实验。然后，通过非接触式三维扫描激光多普勒测振仪对不同吸湿周期下的复合材料进行测试，建立前五阶模态频率、吸湿性和阻尼比之间的关系。最后，在用户定义的材料子程序中，结合层压理论和复特征值方法建立了有限元模型，以预测全场频率范围内频率和湿度相关的阻尼响应。结果表明，吸湿循环作用下复合材料的阻尼比增大，频率降低，从而改变了能量耗散机制的频率依赖性。重新干燥到平衡水分含量并不能恢复初始的阻尼特性。吸湿循环后，在相同的输入能量下，共振响应幅度减小。该模型与所有复合材料的实验结果一致。研究了吸湿循环作用下ffrc的低-中频阻尼特性和方向相关模态响应。开发了一种包含亲水特性的新型有限元模型，为航空航天减振提供了重要见解。

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引用次数: 0

An improved and complete closed-form solution for the mixed mode bending test for delamination in composite laminates 复合材料层合板分层混合模弯曲试验的一种改进的完全封闭解

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111463

Bo Wang, Zhenmin Zou

Most existing closed-form solutions for the Mixed-Mode Bending (MMB) test, used to investigate the delamination behaviour in laminated composites, are limited to cases where the delamination length a is less than the half-span L of the specimen. More critically, since these solutions are typically derived using beam theory, the predicted mode I and mode II energy release rates become increasingly inaccurate as the delamination approaches the specimen's mid-span. The few available solutions for delamination length a > L are either erroneous or significantly inaccurate. In this study, a complete closed-form solution is developed using a sub-laminated beam model based on first order shear deformation beam theory. The accuracy of the solution is validated through comparison with results obtained from the virtual crack closure technique and cohesive zone model simulations, using 2D finite element analysis. The proposed formulation enables accurate evaluation of energy release rates for a complete delamination length range (a < L and a ≥ L). The solution is also applicable to thick specimens with cross-ply layups. Potentially, this work may help pave the way for permitting delamination propagation beyond the mid-span in the MMB test—an approach that is currently not recommended by the ASTM standard.

用于研究层压复合材料分层行为的混合模式弯曲（MMB）测试中，大多数现有的封闭解仅限于分层长度a小于试样半跨度L的情况。更关键的是，由于这些解通常是用梁理论推导出来的，随着分层接近试件的跨中，预测的I型和II型能量释放率变得越来越不准确。对于分层长度a >； L，少数可用的解决方案要么是错误的，要么是非常不准确的。本文采用基于一阶剪切变形梁理论的亚层合梁模型，建立了完全封闭解。通过与虚拟裂纹闭合技术和黏结区模型模拟结果的对比，验证了该方法的准确性。所提出的公式能够准确地评估整个分层长度范围（a <； L和a≥L）的能量释放率。该解决方案也适用于具有交叉层的厚试件。潜在地，这项工作可能有助于在MMB测试中允许分层传播超过跨中，这是ASTM标准目前不推荐的方法。

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引用次数: 0

Bioinspired Hoya carnosa-structured Al2O3/Soybean oil epoxy nanocomposites for high performance thermal interface materials 高性能热界面材料的仿生山芋结构Al2O3/大豆油环氧纳米复合材料

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111462

Maoping Lyu , Hebo Shi , Qian Zhang , Yingchun Liu , Hui Zhang

Developing thermally conductive and dielectric polymeric composites is one of the critical drivers in upgrading integrated electronic devices. Herein, polydopamine and silver nanoparticles functionalized Al₂O₃ (f-Al₂O₃) with a bionic “Hoya carnosa flower” structure were prepared, and bifunctional nanocomposites were fabricated by using the f-Al₂O₃ and soybean oil-based epoxy with a solvent-free method. Morphology and microstructure analyses of the nanocomposites suggested that not only the dispersion of fillers was promoted, but also the fillers/matrix interface compatibility was optimized significantly. In addition to the role as the “bridge” for enhancing thermal conduction and reducing interfacial thermal resistance, silver nanoparticles also inhibit electron migration and suppress the interfacial space charge accumulation. As-prepared nanocomposites thus exhibited a high TC of 0.73 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹, superior dielectric properties (dielectric constant and dielectric loss are ∼3.9 and 0.03, respectively), and outstanding tensile strength (8.45 ± 0.63 MPa) and elongation at break (∼40 %). Furthermore, interfacial adhesion experiments and theoretical simulation results demonstrated that as-prepared nanocomposites presented great potential in advanced thermal interface packaging. This work offers a versatile approach and provides a new paradigm for the design and fabrication of thermally conductive and dielectric polymer composites derived from vegetable oils.

开发导热和介电聚合物复合材料是集成电子器件升级的关键驱动因素之一。在此基础上，制备了聚多巴胺和纳米银纳米粒子功能化Al2O3 (f-Al2O3)，并将f-Al2O3与大豆油基环氧树脂采用无溶剂法制备了双功能纳米复合材料。对纳米复合材料的形貌和微观结构分析表明，复合材料不仅促进了填料的分散，而且显著优化了填料/基体界面相容性。除了起到增强热传导、降低界面热阻的“桥梁”作用外，银纳米颗粒还能抑制电子迁移，抑制界面空间电荷积累。因此，制备的纳米复合材料具有0.73 W m−1 K−1的高TC，优越的介电性能（介电常数和介电损耗分别为~ 3.9和0.03），以及出色的抗拉强度（8.45±0.63 MPa）和断裂伸长率（~ 40%）。此外，界面粘附实验和理论模拟结果表明，所制备的纳米复合材料在先进的热界面封装中具有很大的潜力。这项工作提供了一个通用的方法，并为设计和制造来自植物油的导热和介电聚合物复合材料提供了一个新的范例。

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引用次数: 0

High-performance curved sections in 3D printed continuous carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites using aligned fibre deposition 高性能弯曲部分的3D打印连续碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料使用对齐纤维沉积

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111460

Ka Zhang , Conchúr Ó Brádaigh , Dongmin Yang

This paper presents high-performance curved sections in 3D printed continuous carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites using an aligned fibre deposition (AFD) method on a 6-axis robotic arm. 3D printed curved composite beams using both AFD and conventional methods are mechanically tested under four-point bending and scanned by X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) to characterise the fibre distribution and develop image-based finite element models. Compared to conventional printing method using a commercial nozzle, the proposed AFD method significantly improves the fibre alignment and reduces void content in the printed composites, and the curved beam strength is calculated as 204.2 N and 224.5 N for the cases of 7 mm and 15 mm radius of curvature, achieving an improvement of 34.0 % and 45.3 %, respectively. The modelling produces excellently matched stiffness with the experimental measurement, providing useful insights into the stress and strain distributions. The combination of experimental data and modelling results shows that the alignment of fibres in the curved composite beams plays a key role in improving mechanical performance and determining the final failure mode.

采用定向纤维沉积（AFD）方法在6轴机械臂上3D打印连续碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料的高性能弯曲截面。采用AFD和传统方法的3D打印弯曲复合梁在四点弯曲下进行机械测试，并通过x射线计算机微断层扫描（μCT）进行扫描，以表征纤维分布并建立基于图像的有限元模型。与传统的商用喷嘴打印方法相比，AFD方法显著改善了纤维排列，降低了打印复合材料中的空隙含量，在曲率半径为7 mm和15 mm的情况下，计算得到的弯曲梁强度为204.2 N和224.5 N，分别提高了34.0%和45.3%。该模型产生了与实验测量非常匹配的刚度，为应力和应变分布提供了有用的见解。实验数据和模型分析结果表明，弯曲组合梁中纤维的排列对其力学性能的提高和最终破坏模式的确定起着关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

Bioinspired thermoresponsive hydrogel with stiffness switching for on-demand sensing-protection bimodal integration 生物启发热响应水凝胶与刚度切换按需传感保护双峰集成

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111459

Jiahao Liu, Canhui Lu, Rui Xiong

Conventional hydrogels face fundamental challenges in reconciling sensing adaptability with on-demand protection for emerging intelligent wearables. Inspired by the stress-induced hardening mechanism of sea cucumbers, we have developed an innovative thermoresponsive composite hydrogel that overcomes these limitations through carefully engineered multicomponent integration. The outstanding performance arises from dynamically crosslinked poly(acrylic acid)-amorphous calcium carbonate coordination networks, which serve as thermally responsive phase-transition elements. Additionally, hierarchically structured cellulose nanofiber/carbon nanotube (CNT/CNF) percolation networks provide both mechanical reinforcement and electrical conductivity, creating synergistic interactions between these components. The resulting hydrogel demonstrates exceptional thermoresponsive behavior with a remarkable 826-fold increase in compressive modulus. Beyond this dramatic mechanical transition, the material integrates multiple advanced functionalities, including autonomous fast self-healing within 1s, moldable shaping, good electrical conductivity, and extreme stretchability beyond 1000 % strain. This unique combination of properties facilitates a novel dual-mode operation, where the material serves simultaneously as a highly sensitive strain sensor for continuous physiological monitoring and as an adaptive protective system capable of rapid electrothermal-triggered stiffening in less than 3 s. When implemented in protective device architectures, the system demonstrates a 45.58-fold increase in bending strength upon activation, from 0.19 MPa to 8.66 MPa, along with exceptional impact energy absorption of 30.87 kJ m⁻². These capabilities represent a significant breakthrough in adaptive material design, establishing a new paradigm for smart systems that seamlessly integrate real-time sensing with active protection.

传统的水凝胶在协调新兴智能可穿戴设备的传感适应性和按需保护方面面临着根本性的挑战。受海参应力诱导硬化机制的启发，我们开发了一种创新的热响应复合水凝胶，通过精心设计的多组分集成克服了这些限制。动态交联聚丙烯酸-无定形碳酸钙配位网络作为热响应相变元件，具有优异的性能。此外，分层结构的纤维素纳米纤维/碳纳米管（CNT/CNF）渗透网络提供机械增强和导电性，在这些成分之间产生协同作用。由此产生的水凝胶表现出特殊的热响应行为，压缩模量显著增加826倍。除了这种戏剧性的机械转变之外，这种材料还集成了多种先进的功能，包括在15秒内自主快速自愈、可成型、良好的导电性和超过1000%应变的极限拉伸性。这种独特的特性组合促进了一种新的双模式操作，该材料同时作为高灵敏度应变传感器进行连续生理监测，并作为一种自适应保护系统，能够在不到3秒的时间内快速电热触发硬化。当应用于保护装置架构时，该系统在激活后的抗弯强度增加了45.58倍，从0.19 MPa增加到8.66 MPa，同时具有30.87 kJ m−2的特殊冲击能量吸收。这些功能代表了自适应材料设计的重大突破，为无缝集成实时传感和主动保护的智能系统建立了新的范例。

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引用次数: 0

Designed core@double-shell KTN@Ag@cPS nanoparticles for regulation of dielectric properties and energy storage enhancement of PVDF-based composites 设计core@double-shell KTN@Ag@cPS纳米颗粒用于调节pvdf基复合材料的介电性能和增强储能

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111461

Gaoru Chen , Chuanjie Lin , Wanbo Liu , Bo Chen , Xiaogan Zheng , Shilei Wang , Haowei Lu , Xuan Wang

To address the trade-off among dielectric constant, dielectric loss, and breakdown strength in polymer-based composites and to achieve nanocomposite films with both high discharged energy density and high energy storage efficiency, core@double-shell structured KTN@Ag@cPS nanoparticles were designed and incorporated into a PVDF matrix. The KTN core imparts excellent frequency stability to the dielectric constant of nanocomposite films. The Ag shell can generates abundant interfacial polarization, thereby effectively enhancing the overall polarization intensity. The insulating cross-linked polystyrene (cPS) outer shell suppresses charge carriers migration, which reduces dielectric loss and improves breakdown strength. At a filler loading of 5 vol%, the KTN@Ag@cPS/PVDF nanocomposite film exhibits a high relative dielectric constant of 19.85 and a low loss tangent of 3.1 × 10⁻² at 100 Hz. Under an electric field of 250 kV/mm, the discharged energy density reaches 9.05 J/cm³. The overall performance surpasses that of both KTN/PVDF and KTN@Ag/PVDF nanocomposite films. This core@double-shell nanoparticle design provides an effective strategy for the development of composite films for high-energy-density capacitors.

为了解决聚合物基复合材料中介电常数、介电损耗和击穿强度之间的平衡问题，并实现具有高放电能量密度和高储能效率的纳米复合膜，我们设计了core@double-shell结构KTN@Ag@cPS纳米颗粒，并将其纳入PVDF基质中。KTN芯对纳米复合薄膜的介电常数具有良好的频率稳定性。Ag壳层可以产生丰富的界面极化，从而有效地提高了整体极化强度。绝缘性交联聚苯乙烯（cPS）外壳抑制载流子迁移，降低介电损耗，提高击穿强度。当填充量为5 vol%时，KTN@Ag@cPS/PVDF纳米复合膜在100 Hz时具有19.85的高相对介电常数和3.1 × 10−2的低损耗正切。在250kv /mm电场下，放电能量密度达到9.05 J/cm3。整体性能优于KTN/PVDF和KTN@Ag/PVDF纳米复合膜。这种core@double-shell纳米颗粒设计为高能量密度电容器复合薄膜的开发提供了一种有效的策略。

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引用次数: 0

Microscopic mechanism of interfacial effects on mechanical properties of polymer nanocomposites 界面效应对聚合物纳米复合材料力学性能影响的微观机理

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111458

Xiaobin Liang , Toru Kobayashi , Tatsuya Endo , Makiko Ito , Ken Nakajima

Interfaces play a crucial role in the mechanical properties and deformation behavior of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs). In this study, we successfully characterized the deformation behavior and stress distribution of the interface and polymer matrix at the nanoscale using the nanomechanical technique of atomic force microscopy (AFM), revealing the microscopic mechanism of the interface effects on the mechanical properties of PNCs. By comparing the interfaces of different fillers and styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), we found that silane coupling agent-treated silica (SiO₂) could greatly increase the interface thickness and strength. This enhancement was not limited to the interface itself but also restricted the movement of molecular chains nearby, thereby increasing the modulus of the surrounding matrix. When the material was deformed, the high-strength interface could bear a large amount of stress, while the stresses in composites with low interfacial strength were mainly borne by the polymer matrix. This microscopic stress visualization technique enabled a deeper understanding of the correlation between the micromechanical behavior and macroscopic mechanical properties of the interface and matrix. In addition, through the quantitative analysis of the stress distribution of each phase, we proposed a multiphase composite model to describe the deformation behavior of filled rubber. We used the parallel model and the series model to calculate the composite stress of different types of filler PNCs, further reveals the importance of the interface for the mechanical properties of PNCs. Our results provided new insights for guiding the design and development of PNCs and for the study of composite interfaces.

界面对聚合物纳米复合材料的力学性能和变形行为起着至关重要的作用。在本研究中，我们利用原子力显微镜（AFM）纳米力学技术成功表征了界面和聚合物基体在纳米尺度上的变形行为和应力分布，揭示了界面效应对pnc力学性能的微观机制。通过对比不同填料与SBR的界面，发现硅烷偶联剂处理的二氧化硅（SiO2）可以显著提高界面厚度和强度。这种增强不仅限于界面本身，而且还限制了附近分子链的运动，从而增加了周围基质的模量。当材料发生变形时，高强度界面可以承受大量的应力，而低强度界面的复合材料中的应力主要由聚合物基体承担。这种微观应力可视化技术使人们能够更深入地了解界面和基体的微观力学行为与宏观力学性能之间的关系。此外，通过定量分析各相的应力分布，提出了描述填充橡胶变形行为的多相复合模型。采用并联模型和串联模型计算了不同类型填料pnc的复合应力，进一步揭示了界面对pnc力学性能的重要性。研究结果为指导pnc的设计和开发以及复合界面的研究提供了新的见解。

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引用次数: 0

Unraveling the interfacial hydrogen bond network mechanism in carbon fiber/polyamide composites: A cross-scale investigation of carbon fiber with different roughness for interface optimization 揭示碳纤维/聚酰胺复合材料界面氢键网络机制：不同粗糙度碳纤维界面优化的跨尺度研究

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2025-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111453

Rui Zhang , Jieying Zhi , Lijuan Cao , Liye Yuan , Xiaodong Wen , Xingchen Liu , Kuan Lu , Xiaoxuan Lyu , Yu Yang

The interfacial properties of carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastics are governed by carbon fiber surface characteristics. While the interfacial mechanisms in thermoset composites have been extensively investigated, their thermoplastic counterparts have received comparatively less attention. This research implements a cross-scale methodology integrating macroscopic experiments and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to elucidate interfacial mechanisms between polyamide 6 (PA6) and two types of carbon fibers with distinct surface states: dry-jet wet-spun carbon fiber (DSCF) and wet-spun carbon fiber (WSCF). Experimental results revealed a notably 55.74 % higher interfacial shear strength (IFSS) in DSCF/PA6 composites (63.20 MPa) compared with WSCF/PA6 systems (40.58 MPa). Through comprehensive microscopic analysis and computational modeling, we found that the enhanced interfacial performance of DSCF stems from its higher concentration of oxygen-containing functional groups, which promote the formation of a more robust hydrogen bond network with PA6 molecules. Building upon this fundamental understanding, we proposed a mesoscale optimization strategy focused on hydrogen bond network regulation. Implementing controlled cooling during composite molding enhanced PA6 crystallinity, leading to a 26.74 % increase in the IFSS of DSCF/PA6 to 80.10 MPa. This work not only clarifies the critical role of hydrogen bonding in interfacial reinforcement but also presents a practical multiscale design framework for DSCF/PA6 composites. The findings offer valuable insights for carbon fiber selection and interface engineering, contributing significantly to the development of advanced carbon fiber-reinforced thermoplastic materials.

碳纤维增强热塑性塑料的界面性能受碳纤维表面特性的影响。虽然热固性复合材料的界面机制已经得到了广泛的研究，但热塑性复合材料的界面机制却相对较少受到关注。本研究采用宏观实验和分子动力学（MD）模拟相结合的跨尺度方法，阐明了聚酰胺6 （PA6）与两种不同表面状态的碳纤维(干喷湿纺碳纤维（DSCF）和湿纺碳纤维（WSCF）之间的界面机理。实验结果表明，DSCF/PA6复合材料的界面抗剪强度（IFSS）为63.20 MPa，比WSCF/PA6复合材料的40.58 MPa高55.74%。通过全面的微观分析和计算建模，我们发现DSCF界面性能的增强源于其含有更高浓度的含氧官能团，这促进了与PA6分子形成更牢固的氢键网络。基于这一基本认识，我们提出了一种以氢键网络调节为重点的中尺度优化策略。在复合成型过程中实施控制冷却提高了PA6的结晶度，导致DSCF/PA6的IFSS提高26.74%，达到80.10 MPa。这项工作不仅阐明了氢键在界面增强中的关键作用，而且为DSCF/PA6复合材料提供了一个实用的多尺度设计框架。这些发现为碳纤维的选择和界面工程提供了有价值的见解，对先进碳纤维增强热塑性材料的发展有重要贡献。

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