Composites Science and Technology最新文献_第6页

Self-adaptive capacitive-resistive mode-conversion sensor for thermo-tactile perception via high-κ nanocomposites 基于高κ纳米复合材料的热触觉感知自适应容阻模式转换传感器

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111479

Wenxuan Ding , Bohao Xu , Weihe Chen , Siyang Wang , Yonglin Chen , Wenbin Kang , Weidong Yang

The thermo-tactile linkage perception of human skin is an important mechanism for maintaining life safety. However, existed biomimicking electronic skin sensors are difficult to achieve active regulation of touch by temperature information. So far, some multimodal and multifunctional flexible sensors have made progress, but most of them are limited to independent signal acquisition and parallel processing, lacking the cross-modal collaborative response capability of biological organisms. Therefore, this work proposes a self-adaptive capacitive-resistive mode-conversion pressure sensor, whose mode-converting function can be achieved by a high relative permittivity (high-κ) nanocomposite layer and a temperature sensitive insulation layer. The capacitive pressure sensing mode is constructed at the ambient temperatures below the phase transition temperature of the insulation layer, exhibiting high stability and repeatability. When the ambient temperature rises to the phase transition point, conductive pathways are formed, thus the flexible pressure sensor converts to resistive pressure sensing mode. The mode conversion characteristics were experimentally demonstrated through robot hand grasping the hot water cup, where temperature-triggered adaptive converting of sensing mechanism. This mode-conversion flexible pressure sensor achieves perception of dangerous temperatures through the recognition of electrical signal patterns, providing new ideas for the development of intelligent electronic skin with environmental adaptability.

人体皮肤的热触觉联动感知是维持生命安全的重要机制。然而，现有的仿生电子皮肤传感器难以实现基于温度信息的触觉主动调节。迄今为止，一些多模态、多功能柔性传感器取得了一定的进展，但大多局限于独立的信号采集和并行处理，缺乏生物有机体的跨模态协同响应能力。因此，本工作提出了一种自适应容阻式模式转换压力传感器，其模式转换功能可以通过高相对介电常数（高κ）纳米复合材料层和温度敏感绝缘层来实现。电容式压力传感模式是在低于绝缘层相变温度的环境温度下构建的，具有较高的稳定性和重复性。当环境温度上升到相变点时，形成导电通路，使柔性压力传感器转变为电阻式压力传感模式。通过机械手抓取热水杯，实验验证了其模式转换特性，其中温度触发的传感机构进行了自适应转换。这种模式转换柔性压力传感器通过对电信号模式的识别实现对危险温度的感知，为具有环境适应性的智能电子皮肤的发展提供了新的思路。

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引用次数: 0

Superior high-temperature capacitive performance achieved in PEI composites through filler and structural design 通过填料和结构设计，PEI复合材料具有优异的高温电容性能

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111484

Feng Gao , Yong Feng , Jinlin Feng , Yuhao Zhou , Peng Zheng , Wangfeng Bai , Qiaolan Fan , Liang Zheng , Yang Zhang

The advancement of miniaturization and integration technologies demands polymer dielectric materials that simultaneously possess thermal stability and high energy storage capacity for polymer capacitor applications. To meet this challenge, multilayer composite films were designed in this work, consisting of pure polyetherimide (PEI) outer layers and a central PEI layer incorporated with boron nitride nanosheets (BNNS). The findings indicate that the multilayer structural design effectively integrates the high dielectric permittivity of BNNS with the excellent breakdown field strength of PEI. Furthermore, the introduced interfaces impede charge carrier transport, further enhancing the breakdown field strength. Consequently, at an elevated external breakdown field strength (E_b) of 712 MV m⁻¹, the film delivers an efficiency (η) of 87 % and a discharge energy density (U_d) of 11.10 J cm⁻³ at room temperature. Notably, the film sustains excellent performance at 200 °C, delivering an η of 74 % and a U_d of 6.14 J cm⁻³. These findings indicate that combining structural design with functional fillers in PEI composites is a promising pathway for developing advanced dielectric materials with stable energy performance at elevated temperatures.

小型化和集成化技术的发展要求聚合物介质材料同时具有热稳定性和高能量存储能力，用于聚合物电容器。为了应对这一挑战，本研究设计了多层复合薄膜，由纯聚醚酰亚胺（PEI）外层和含有氮化硼纳米片（BNNS）的PEI中心层组成。研究结果表明，多层结构设计有效地将BNNS的高介电常数与PEI优异的击穿场强相结合。此外，引入的界面阻碍了载流子的输运，进一步增强了击穿场的强度。因此，在室温下，当外部击穿场强（Eb）达到712 MV m−1时，该薄膜的效率（η）为87%，放电能量密度（Ud）为11.10 J cm−3。值得注意的是，该薄膜在200°C时保持了优异的性能，η为74%，Ud为6.14 J cm−3。这些发现表明，将结构设计与功能填料结合在PEI复合材料中是开发具有高温稳定能量性能的先进介电材料的一条有希望的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Towards robust ultrasonic welding of CF/PEEK composite to aluminum hybrid joints CF/PEEK复合材料与铝杂化接头超声焊接的研究

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111500

Jiaying Pan , Zhijie Liu , Dong Quan , Dongsheng Yue , Xuemin Wang , Jiaming Liu , Mengmeng Han , Guoqun Zhao

This study proposes an innovative surface pretreatment strategy to enable robust ultrasonic welding between aluminum alloys and CF/PEEK composites. Specifically, sandblasting and laser ablation were employed to generate distinct microstructures on the aluminum substrate surface, followed by the consolidation of a PEI interlayer through hot pressing. The interlayer attached on the aluminum surface served as an effective coupling medium to promote mechanical interlocking and chemical compatibility during welding. By optimizing the surface treatment parameters and ultrasonic welding displacement, a maximum lap shear strength of 36.4 MPa was achieved in Al-CF/PEEK hybrid joints. Failure analysis revealed severe substrate damage in the CF/PEEK adherend, confirming the formation of a strong interfacial interlocking structure between the PEI interlayer and the Al substrate. These findings demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed pretreatment process and provide a reliable technical pathway for achieving high-performance welding of thermoplastic composite–metal hybrid joints.

本研究提出了一种创新的表面预处理策略，以实现铝合金与CF/PEEK复合材料之间的坚固超声焊接。具体而言，采用喷砂和激光烧蚀在铝基板表面产生不同的微观结构，然后通过热压固化PEI中间层。附着在铝表面的中间层作为有效的耦合介质，促进了焊接过程中的机械联锁和化学相容性。通过优化表面处理参数和超声焊接位移，Al-CF/PEEK复合接头的最大搭接抗剪强度达到36.4 MPa。失效分析显示CF/PEEK粘附体中衬底严重损坏，证实PEI夹层与Al衬底之间形成了强界面联锁结构。研究结果验证了该预处理工艺的有效性，为实现热塑性复合材料-金属杂化接头的高性能焊接提供了可靠的技术途径。

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引用次数: 0

Machine learning–statistical inference of prepreg conditioning history from surface morphology 机器学习-从表面形貌统计预浸料调理历史的推断

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111494

Aric Morton, Navid Zobeiry

Storage conditions, out-time, and environmental exposure of uncured prepreg affect material properties such as tack and viscosity, promoting process-induced defects such as porosity or tow puckering during automated fiber placement (AFP). However, quantifying these changes in production is difficult, given that current in-situ methods, especially at the microscale, are slow and noisy. Consequently, no fast, in-process method exists to determine a material's conditioning history before lay-up. In this study, we introduce a machine learning–statistical inference framework that differentiates prepreg out-time and environmental exposure from surface morphology scans obtained by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and readily compatible with high-speed laser profilometry. Robust Principal Component Analysis (RPCA) is used to remove measurement noise and enable the identification of morphological fingerprints from surface height data using a normalized smoothness metric. The method was successfully demonstrated on a unidirectional (UD) carbon fiber epoxy-based prepreg under five conditioning scenarios. Fingerprint distributions were used to infer the complex interaction between capillary flow, surface tension, and viscosity in driving changes to surface morphology under elevated humidity and temperature.

未固化预浸料的储存条件、停机时间和环境暴露会影响材料的粘性和粘度等特性，从而在自动纤维放置（AFP）过程中导致气孔或起皱等工艺缺陷。然而，量化这些产量变化是困难的，因为目前的原位方法，特别是在微观尺度上，是缓慢和嘈杂的。因此，不存在快速的过程中方法来确定材料在铺前的调理历史。在本研究中，我们引入了一个机器学习-统计推断框架，该框架将预浸料的取出时间和环境暴露与共聚焦激光扫描显微镜（CLSM）获得的表面形貌扫描区分开来，并与高速激光轮廓术相兼容。鲁棒主成分分析（RPCA）用于去除测量噪声，并使用归一化平滑度量从表面高度数据中识别形态指纹。该方法在五种条件下成功地在单向（UD）碳纤维环氧基预浸料上进行了验证。利用指纹图谱分析了在高湿度和高温度条件下，毛细管流动、表面张力和粘度之间的复杂相互作用对表面形貌变化的驱动作用。

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引用次数: 0

A mussel-inspired interfacial engineering strategy for enhancing the mechanical properties of aramid fiber/epoxy composites 以贻贝为灵感的界面工程策略提高芳纶纤维/环氧复合材料的机械性能

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111503

Yan Wang , Hao Zhang , Xianhui Dong , Na Li , Yan Wang , Yinjun Chen , Junrong Yu , Zuming Hu , Meifang Zhu

The interfacial strengthening of aramid fiber/epoxy (AF/EP) composites is primarily challenged by the significant modulus mismatch between the fibers and matrix. Furthermore, the inherent chemical inertness of AFs results in a scarcity of surface-active sites, which leads to weak interfacial interactions and inefficient stress transfer. Consequently, the overall mechanical performance of fibrous composites was severely limited. Inspired by “mussel adhesive protein”, this study designed and synthesized an amphiphilic organic molecule, dipentaerythritol-2-amino-4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrimidine-hexylisocyanate (DiPE-UPy) as the mussel protein-inspired adhesive, and employed graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets which provide high stiffness and a large specific surface area as ordered crystalline structures in proteins to construct an organic-inorganic hybrid sizing agent via a co-assembly strategy. The hybrid coating established a high-density cross-linking network between AFs and epoxy resin through multiple interactions, including quadruple hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking, thus significantly enhanced interfacial compatibility and synergistic stress transfer efficiency. The results demonstrated that the interfacial shear strength, flexural strength, and tensile strength of the modified AF/EP composites were increased by 87.47 %, 63.02 %, and 44.75 %, respectively, compared to the blank UAF/EP composite. The bio-inspired interface construction strategy provides an efficient and scalable new approach for developing high-performance AF-reinforced composites.

芳纶纤维/环氧树脂（AF/EP）复合材料的界面强化主要受到纤维与基体模量不匹配的挑战。此外，AFs固有的化学惰性导致表面活性位点稀缺，导致界面相互作用弱，应力传递效率低。因此，纤维复合材料的整体力学性能受到严重限制。受“贻贝黏附蛋白”的启发，本研究设计并合成了两亲性有机分子双季戊四醇-2-氨基-4-羟基-6-甲基嘧啶-己基异氰酸酯（DiPE-UPy）作为贻贝蛋白质黏附剂，并利用具有高刚度和大比表面积的氧化石墨烯纳米片作为蛋白质的有序晶体结构，通过共组装策略构建了有机-无机杂化施胶剂。杂化涂层通过四重氢键和π-π堆叠等多种相互作用，在AFs和环氧树脂之间建立了高密度交联网络，显著提高了界面相容性和协同应力传递效率。结果表明，改性后的AF/EP复合材料的界面剪切强度、抗弯强度和抗拉强度分别比空白的UAF/EP复合材料提高了87.47%、63.02%和44.75%。仿生界面构建策略为开发高性能af增强复合材料提供了一种高效、可扩展的新方法。

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引用次数: 0

α-Keratin dehydration-analogous nanofiber aggregation engineering of aramid aerogels for integrated mechanical and thermal protection 集机械热防护于一体的芳纶气凝胶α-角蛋白脱水-类似纳米纤维聚集工程

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111489

Jianpeng Wu , Kexu Zhan , Junshuo Zhang , Yu Wang , Shuaishuai Sun , Shouhu Xuan , Shiyu Lin , Zimu Li , Ziyang Fan , Shuai Liu , Zhihao Hu , Xinyi Wang , Xinglong Gong

Lightweight materials with outstanding mechanical durability and heat attenuation play an indispensable role in personnel safeguard. Aerogels are excellent insulation materials while presenting low strength, posing a challenge to integrated protection. Herein, a dehydration-induced aggregation strategy is proposed to reinforce lamellar aramid nanofiber aerogels through impregnation in polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) solution followed by hot-pressing. PVA shrinkage facilitates synergistic fiber crosslinking and sheet densification in the resulting AFPA aerogels, achieving extraordinary specific tensile modulus (1143.2 MPa cm³ g⁻¹) and toughness (2557 kJ m⁻³). Both experiments and simulations demonstrate that the aggregated fibrous network extends fracture period by re-orientation and crack deflection, which enables AFPAs 220 % and 162 % greater specific puncture energy than woods and leathers. Benefiting from the lamellar porous skeleton with low PVA content, AFPAs not only prevent the invasion of heat and fire, but maintain 95 % of initial strength and robust impact dissipation after heat treatment at 300 °C. With a low thermal conductivity of 31 mW m⁻¹ K⁻¹, AFPAs provide better thermal comfort from −106 to 150 °C than duck down with only 31 % of its thickness. This integrated protection system can be re-established by a solvent-mediated recycling approach, promoting their sustainable applications across fire-fighting, anti-seismic building, and aircrafts.

轻质材料具有优异的机械耐久性和热衰减性，在人员安全保障中起着不可或缺的作用。气凝胶是一种优良的绝缘材料，但强度较低，对综合防护提出了挑战。本文提出了一种脱水诱导聚集策略，通过在聚乙烯醇（PVA）溶液中浸渍，然后热压来增强层状芳纶纳米纤维气凝胶。PVA的收缩促进了AFPA气凝胶中的协同纤维交联和薄片致密化，实现了非凡的比拉伸模量（1143.2 MPa cm3 g - 1）和韧性（2557 kJ m - 3）。实验和模拟结果均表明，聚类纤维网络通过重新定向和裂纹偏转延长断裂时间，使afpa的比穿刺能量比木材和皮革分别高出220%和162%。得益于低PVA含量的层状多孔骨架，afpa在300℃热处理后，不仅可以防止热和火的侵入，还可以保持95%的初始强度和强大的冲击耗散。afpa的导热系数为31 mW m−1 K−1，在- 106至150°C范围内的热舒适性优于厚度仅为其31%的鸭绒。这种综合保护系统可以通过溶剂介导的回收方法重新建立，促进其在消防、抗震建筑和飞机上的可持续应用。

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引用次数: 0

High-performance curved sections in 3D printed continuous carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites using aligned fibre deposition 高性能弯曲部分的3D打印连续碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料使用对齐纤维沉积

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-11-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111460

Ka Zhang , Conchúr Ó Brádaigh , Dongmin Yang

This paper presents high-performance curved sections in 3D printed continuous carbon fibre reinforced thermoplastic composites using an aligned fibre deposition (AFD) method on a 6-axis robotic arm. 3D printed curved composite beams using both AFD and conventional methods are mechanically tested under four-point bending and scanned by X-ray computed microtomography (μCT) to characterise the fibre distribution and develop image-based finite element models. Compared to conventional printing method using a commercial nozzle, the proposed AFD method significantly improves the fibre alignment and reduces void content in the printed composites, and the curved beam strength is calculated as 204.2 N and 224.5 N for the cases of 7 mm and 15 mm radius of curvature, achieving an improvement of 34.0 % and 45.3 %, respectively. The modelling produces excellently matched stiffness with the experimental measurement, providing useful insights into the stress and strain distributions. The combination of experimental data and modelling results shows that the alignment of fibres in the curved composite beams plays a key role in improving mechanical performance and determining the final failure mode.

采用定向纤维沉积（AFD）方法在6轴机械臂上3D打印连续碳纤维增强热塑性复合材料的高性能弯曲截面。采用AFD和传统方法的3D打印弯曲复合梁在四点弯曲下进行机械测试，并通过x射线计算机微断层扫描（μCT）进行扫描，以表征纤维分布并建立基于图像的有限元模型。与传统的商用喷嘴打印方法相比，AFD方法显著改善了纤维排列，降低了打印复合材料中的空隙含量，在曲率半径为7 mm和15 mm的情况下，计算得到的弯曲梁强度为204.2 N和224.5 N，分别提高了34.0%和45.3%。该模型产生了与实验测量非常匹配的刚度，为应力和应变分布提供了有用的见解。实验数据和模型分析结果表明，弯曲组合梁中纤维的排列对其力学性能的提高和最终破坏模式的确定起着关键作用。

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引用次数: 0

LayupFormer: A deep generative model for composite laminate layup design LayupFormer：复合层压板层叠设计的深度生成模型

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111490

Wenjie Xie, Hasan Caglar, Kailun Deng, David Ayre, Yifan Zhao

Conventional laminate layup design relies on search-and-evaluate strategies that become intractable as ply counts grow, offering limited guarantees of feasibility, interpretability, and efficiency. While surrogate modelling and optimisation using artificial intelligence have accelerated composite design, most approaches still explore the design space via a search-centric manner. Generative methods offer an alternative by incorporating performance criteria, but often operate with restricted orientation sets, lack interpretability, or require auxiliary tools to ensure feasibility. This article introduces LayupFormer, a physics-informed Transformer framework that reformulates laminate layup design as an inverse sequence generation problem. The solution embeds mechanics through laminate parameters derived from Tsai's invariants and constrains designs with a domain-specific grammar over ply orientations. The framework couples a high-fidelity predictor, which regresses load and stiffness, with a generator that directly produces requirement-compliant layups efficiently across data scales. Attention analyses reveal that LayupFormer captures long-range through-thickness interactions and internalises laminate principle, providing interpretable insights into the generation process. Experimental validation confirms that LayupFormer-designed layups achieve superior bearing performance and reduced variability compared with empirical baselines. LayupFormer establishes a unified physics-informed generative framework that transforms laminate design from search-based optimisation into an interpretable and data-efficient inverse-design process, paving the way for scalable and automated composite design.

传统的层压板分层设计依赖于搜索和评估策略，随着层数的增加，这种策略变得难以处理，只能提供有限的可行性、可解释性和效率保证。虽然使用人工智能的替代建模和优化加速了复合设计，但大多数方法仍然通过以搜索为中心的方式探索设计空间。生成方法通过合并性能标准提供了另一种选择，但通常在受限的方向集上操作，缺乏可解释性，或者需要辅助工具来确保可行性。本文介绍了LayupFormer，这是一个物理知情的Transformer框架，它将层压板分层设计重新定义为逆序列生成问题。该解决方案通过从Tsai的不变量中导出的层叠参数嵌入力学，并使用特定于领域的语法在层向上约束设计。该框架将一个高保真预测器与一个生成器结合在一起，该预测器可以回归负载和刚度，并直接在数据尺度上有效地生成符合需求的分层。注意力分析表明，LayupFormer捕获了远距离的贯穿厚度的相互作用，并内化了层叠原理，为生成过程提供了可解释的见解。实验验证证实，与经验基线相比，layupformer设计的铺装具有优越的承载性能和降低的可变性。LayupFormer建立了一个统一的物理信息生成框架，将层压板设计从基于搜索的优化转变为可解释的、数据高效的反设计过程，为可扩展的自动化复合材料设计铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Multiscale-engineered CNTs/cellulose@TPU aerogel with extended matching thickness for adaptive broadband microwave absorption 具有扩展匹配厚度的自适应宽带微波吸收的多尺度工程CNTs/cellulose@TPU气凝胶

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111488

Qian Zhou , Lifei Du , Wenyan Duan , Junwei Chen , Yuqin Yang , Chang Shu , Fang Ye , Xiaomeng Fan

The development of microwave absorbers with superior conformability and dimensional adaptability represents a critical advancement for practical stealth applications. This study addresses this challenge through the innovative multi-scale design of a CNTs/cellulose@TPU aerogel, which exhibits both tunable dielectric properties and exceptional broadband absorption across substantially expanded thickness ranges. Precisely engineered via conformal TPU coating on a CNTs/cellulose skeleton with controlled CNTs content (4–12 wt%), the aerogel achieves optimized electromagnetic characteristics through its hierarchical porous architecture, enabling a synergy between the coordination of impedance matching and electromagnetic dissipation. The material demonstrates remarkable performance flexibility: by tuning the CNTs content from 4 to 12 wt%, the effective absorption bandwidth (RL < −10 dB) can be maintained across the entire X-band (8.2–12.4 GHz) over an extended thickness range of 4.34–7.66 mm. This unique thickness adaptability, coupled with polymorphic dissipation mechanisms including conductive network resonance, interfacial polarization, and multi-scale scattering, enables seamless integration with honeycomb absorbing structures of varying dimensions. When embedded within aramid honeycomb templates, the aerogel not only preserves its exceptional absorption capabilities but further extends its effective matching thickness range through synergistic structural interactions. The resulting hybrid metamaterial achieves efficient radar wave attenuation while offering unprecedented design flexibility for conformal applications, establishing a new paradigm for bridging the gap between performance optimization and structural integration in electromagnetic protection.

研制出具有良好一致性和尺寸适应性的微波吸收器是实现隐身应用的关键技术。本研究通过创新的多尺度设计CNTs/cellulose@TPU气凝胶解决了这一挑战，该气凝胶在大幅扩大的厚度范围内具有可调谐的介电特性和卓越的宽带吸收。该气凝胶通过控制碳纳米管含量（4-12 wt%）的碳纳米管/纤维素骨架上的保形TPU涂层进行精确设计，通过其分层多孔结构实现了优化的电磁特性，从而实现了阻抗匹配协调和电磁耗散之间的协同作用。该材料表现出卓越的性能灵活性：通过将CNTs含量从4 wt%调整到12 wt%，可以在4.34-7.66 mm的扩展厚度范围内保持整个x波段（8.2-12.4 GHz）的有效吸收带宽（RL <−10 dB）。这种独特的厚度适应性，加上导电网络共振、界面极化和多尺度散射等多晶耗散机制，使其能够与不同尺寸的蜂窝吸收结构无缝集成。当嵌入芳纶蜂窝模板中时，气凝胶不仅保留了其卓越的吸收能力，而且通过协同结构相互作用进一步扩展了其有效匹配厚度范围。由此产生的混合超材料实现了高效的雷达波衰减，同时为保形应用提供了前所未有的设计灵活性，为弥合电磁保护中性能优化和结构集成之间的差距建立了新的范例。

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引用次数: 0

In-situ interfacial engineering towards highly fatigue resistant rubber composites enabled by aniline-functionalized oligomers 苯胺功能化低聚物实现高抗疲劳橡胶复合材料的原位界面工程

IF 9.8 1区材料科学 Q1 MATERIALS SCIENCE, COMPOSITES

Composites Science and Technology

Pub Date : 2026-03-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2025.111491

Xinglong An , Siwu Wu , Zhaohui Wu , Shuangjian Yu , Baochun Guo , Liqun Zhang , Chengqian Mu , Fei Niu

Engineering aniline handles into rubber skeleton constitutes as the most straightforward, yet unexplored pathway for preparing aniline-functionalized interfacial regulators towards rubber/CB composites. Herein, we propose a facile pyrolysis strategy to prepare aniline-functionalized elastomeric oligomers, which leverages the dynamic covalent polymerization between the abundant reactive di/polysulfide segments of vulcanizates and m-phenylenediamine (MPD). Upon regulating MPD dosage, MPD moieties are rationally inserted into the di/polysulfide segments and synchronously disintegrate the sulfur-based network architecture, thereby achieving MPD-functionalized oligomers (MFO) with adjustable MPD content. The obtained oligomers feature with multiple aniline handles and rubber-based segments, which can enable strong interfacial linkages between CB and rubber matrix in the composites. Even incorporating a small amount of the obtained oligomers (i.e. 0.21 wt% of MPD moieties), the thickness of the interfacial region and the CB dispersion can be considerably enhanced, leading to reductions of ∼21.3 % and ∼22.5 % in temperature rise and rolling resistance of the composites, respectively. Moreover, this also synergistically promotes tip deflection/branching and energy dissipation during crack propagation. Meanwhile, the reduction in temperature rise of composites further maintains the network robustness under cyclic loading. Therefore, the crack growth rate of the composites shows a remarkable decrease (∼64 %) at high tear energy, along with a substantial increase of ∼75 % in ultimate fatigue life. We envision the present methodology, which adopts functionalized oligomers as novel interfacial regulators for rubber composites, has great potential in exploiting high-performance engineering rubbers in terms of energy conservation and superior fatigue resistance.

在橡胶骨架中加入苯胺手柄是制备苯胺功能化橡胶/CB复合材料界面调节剂的最直接、但尚未探索的途径。在此，我们提出了一种简单的热解策略来制备苯胺功能化弹性体低聚物，该策略利用了硫化物中丰富的活性双/多硫段与间苯二胺（MPD）之间的动态共价聚合。调节MPD用量后，MPD片段被合理插入到二硫/多硫链段中，并同步分解硫基网络结构，从而获得MPD含量可调节的MPD功能化低聚物（MFO）。得到的低聚物具有多个苯胺柄和橡胶基段的特征，可以使CB与复合材料中的橡胶基体之间具有很强的界面连接。即使加入少量获得的低聚物（即0.21 wt%的MPD部分），界面区域的厚度和炭黑色散也可以显著增强，导致复合材料的温升和轧制阻力分别降低~ 21.3%和~ 22.5%。此外，这还协同促进了裂纹扩展过程中的尖端挠曲/分支和能量耗散。同时，复合材料温升的降低进一步保持了循环载荷下网络的鲁棒性。因此，在高撕裂能下，复合材料的裂纹扩展速率显著降低（~ 64%），同时极限疲劳寿命大幅提高~ 75%。我们认为，采用功能化低聚物作为新型橡胶复合材料界面调节剂的方法在开发高性能工程橡胶方面具有巨大的潜力，具有节能和优异的抗疲劳性能。

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