M.I. Che Maznah, M.N. Fatin Najwa, M. Nur Kamaliah, L. Jeffery, A. Sahithi, C. Preece
Sustainable Townships and Homes (STSH) have become a trend in a number of countries throughout the world. However, being a developing country, Malaysia faces significant challenges in implementing the STSH idea. One of the challenges would be public support for sustainable development for new townships. Previous research has mostly focused on the framework for implementing STSH without taking into account public perceptions and expectations. Thus, this study determines public knowledge, awareness, as well as their perceptions and expectations of the STSH towards the environment and sustainability. A survey questionnaire was administered randomly to the public in Malaysia using convenience sampling. Feedback from 144 respondents indicates their good level of awareness of sustainable and smart living concepts. This awareness is reflected in their knowledge of the advantages of sustainable and smart living in terms of energy-saving, an improvement in the quality of the built environment in creating better places for people to live, and in terms of environmental protection. In general, they have an awareness of the use of energy-efficient and certified appliances, and these matters are echoed by their strong interest in living in STSH. The ranking based on the Relative Important Index (RII) revealed that the public’s most preferred sustainable home features are solar systems, energy-saving appliances, water-saving devices, and rainwater harvesting systems. In addition, the public perceives and expects that a sustainable township should include efficient building arrangements, smart building layout, and the provision of green areas in a township with sustainable and smart home features. It is evident that this study suggests that the public is currently aware of sustainable development in Malaysia. Thus, this study provides a valuable reference for a future property development project to provide better service based on public satisfaction and feedback.
{"title":"Sustainable Township and Sustainable Home: Public Perceptions","authors":"M.I. Che Maznah, M.N. Fatin Najwa, M. Nur Kamaliah, L. Jeffery, A. Sahithi, C. Preece","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.176","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Sustainable Townships and Homes (STSH) have become a trend in a number of countries throughout the world. However, being a developing country, Malaysia faces significant challenges in implementing the STSH idea. One of the challenges would be public support for sustainable development for new townships. Previous research has mostly focused on the framework for implementing STSH without taking into account public perceptions and expectations. Thus, this study determines public knowledge, awareness, as well as their perceptions and expectations of the STSH towards the environment and sustainability. A survey questionnaire was administered randomly to the public in Malaysia using convenience sampling. Feedback from 144 respondents indicates their good level of awareness of sustainable and smart living concepts. This awareness is reflected in their knowledge of the advantages of sustainable and smart living in terms of energy-saving, an improvement in the quality of the built environment in creating better places for people to live, and in terms of environmental protection. In general, they have an awareness of the use of energy-efficient and certified appliances, and these matters are echoed by their strong interest in living in STSH. The ranking based on the Relative Important Index (RII) revealed that the public’s most preferred sustainable home features are solar systems, energy-saving appliances, water-saving devices, and rainwater harvesting systems. In addition, the public perceives and expects that a sustainable township should include efficient building arrangements, smart building layout, and the provision of green areas in a township with sustainable and smart home features. It is evident that this study suggests that the public is currently aware of sustainable development in Malaysia. Thus, this study provides a valuable reference for a future property development project to provide better service based on public satisfaction and feedback. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"22 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116636828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
N. Q. Radzuan, M. Hassan, K. A. Abu Kassim, A. A. Ab. Rashid, I. S. Mohd Razelan, N. A. Othman
Reckless driving behavior might result in a higher risk of an accident. Many factors are known to be the cause of this driving behavior. One of the factors is the socio-demographic background of the driver. This study aims to review currently available literature that investigates the relationship between driving behavior and any known socio-demographic characteristics. The review also focuses on the method used in the data collection as well as the tools used to perform the analysis to correlate the driving behavior and socio-demographic background. The review found that the influence of socio-demographic background on driving behavior study has not been explored in detail especially from the ethnicity point of view. With regards to the data collection, most of the study utilised the self- report survey, in which the targeted respondents are young adults. There are also studies covering all age groups that made use of the Driving Behaviour Questionnaire, data of traffic accidents or police reports, and virtual reality to collect the data. SAS/STAT statistical software package was found to be a popular choice among researchers when analyzing the data. This review concludes that driving behavior study in the multi-racial country for instance in Malaysia should explore further the relationship between driving behavior and socio-demographic background, especially from the ethnic perspective.
{"title":"The Influence of Socio-demographics Background on the Driving Behavior: A Short Review","authors":"N. Q. Radzuan, M. Hassan, K. A. Abu Kassim, A. A. Ab. Rashid, I. S. Mohd Razelan, N. A. Othman","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.164","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Reckless driving behavior might result in a higher risk of an accident. Many factors are known to be the cause of this driving behavior. One of the factors is the socio-demographic background of the driver. This study aims to review currently available literature that investigates the relationship between driving behavior and any known socio-demographic characteristics. The review also focuses on the method used in the data collection as well as the tools used to perform the analysis to correlate the driving behavior and socio-demographic background. The review found that the influence of socio-demographic background on driving behavior study has not been explored in detail especially from the ethnicity point of view. With regards to the data collection, most of the study utilised the self- report survey, in which the targeted respondents are young adults. There are also studies covering all age groups that made use of the Driving Behaviour Questionnaire, data of traffic accidents or police reports, and virtual reality to collect the data. SAS/STAT statistical software package was found to be a popular choice among researchers when analyzing the data. This review concludes that driving behavior study in the multi-racial country for instance in Malaysia should explore further the relationship between driving behavior and socio-demographic background, especially from the ethnic perspective. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128375057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. H. Ahmad Tajudin, N. Abu Husain, S.M. Che Husin, N. I. Mohd Zaki, M. K. Abu Husain, A. Adanan, M.A.R. Zulkifli, A. Ma’aram, R. Sarip, Y. Ahmad, K. A. Abu Kassim
The New Car Assessment Programme for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) has been working hard to increase vehicle safety levels in the ASEAN region. To ensure a significant impact on the ASEAN community, few enhancements need to be made to their test methodology and facilities. As an example, ASEAN NCAP is using child manikins with generic build in their vehicle safety assessment. Meanwhile, vehicle manufacturers and product developers are also using these generic references in their product designs such as the seat restraint system, child seat design, etc. For the improvement of vehicle safety especially for the ASEAN region, dedicated manikins with ASEAN anthropometric measurements are necessary. This paper aims to describe the development of 3D-printed manikins based on anthropometric data of ASEAN children aged 6 and 10 years old. The completed prototypes will be tested using a selected vehicle safety assessment (i.e., Child Restraint System installation) and intended to be applied for design refinement of vehicle safety systems.
{"title":"Establishment of 3D-printed Child Manikins Using Anthropometric Data of 6- and 10-year-old ASEAN Children","authors":"M. H. Ahmad Tajudin, N. Abu Husain, S.M. Che Husin, N. I. Mohd Zaki, M. K. Abu Husain, A. Adanan, M.A.R. Zulkifli, A. Ma’aram, R. Sarip, Y. Ahmad, K. A. Abu Kassim","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.161","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000The New Car Assessment Programme for Southeast Asian Countries (ASEAN NCAP) has been working hard to increase vehicle safety levels in the ASEAN region. To ensure a significant impact on the ASEAN community, few enhancements need to be made to their test methodology and facilities. As an example, ASEAN NCAP is using child manikins with generic build in their vehicle safety assessment. Meanwhile, vehicle manufacturers and product developers are also using these generic references in their product designs such as the seat restraint system, child seat design, etc. For the improvement of vehicle safety especially for the ASEAN region, dedicated manikins with ASEAN anthropometric measurements are necessary. This paper aims to describe the development of 3D-printed manikins based on anthropometric data of ASEAN children aged 6 and 10 years old. The completed prototypes will be tested using a selected vehicle safety assessment (i.e., Child Restraint System installation) and intended to be applied for design refinement of vehicle safety systems. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131719780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. T. Rasmana, D. Adiputra, W.J. Yahya, M. A. Abdul Rahman, A. Dwijotomo, M. H. Mohammed Ariff, N. Abu Husain
Safety should be the top priority for any automaker - because traffic accidents roughly killed 1.4 million people worldwide, ranking tenth on the World Health Organization's list of leading causes of death. Two decades ago, the focus was on passive safety, where it helps vehicle occupants to survive the crash. However, the frontier in safety innovation has moved beyond airbags and side-impact protection. Today, the frontier is active safety for preventing collisions before they occur. In Euro NCAP 2025 Roadmap, this active safety frontier falls under the primary safety and has become one of the overall safety rating initiatives toward safer cars. The primary safety features four technologies to be assessed, including driver monitoring (2020), automatic emergency steering (2020, 2022), autonomous emergency braking (2020, 2022), and V2x (2024). However, this initiative is partially encapsulated in the ASEAN NCAP Roadmap 2021-2025 under – 'Safety Assist' technological feature. For instance, in the new roadmap, ASEAN NCAP only focuses on Auto Emergency Braking (AEB) technology. This AEB is a feature to alert drivers to an imminent crash and help them use the car's maximum capacity. Therefore, as benchmarked to the EURO NCAP, this paper comprehensively reviews the AES demand, assessments, control, and testing methodology and can be further developed to consolidate for the ASEAN NCAP safety rating schemes.
{"title":"A Systematic Review on the Autonomous Emergency Steering Assessments and Tests Methodology in ASEAN","authors":"S. T. Rasmana, D. Adiputra, W.J. Yahya, M. A. Abdul Rahman, A. Dwijotomo, M. H. Mohammed Ariff, N. Abu Husain","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.163","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Safety should be the top priority for any automaker - because traffic accidents roughly killed 1.4 million people worldwide, ranking tenth on the World Health Organization's list of leading causes of death. Two decades ago, the focus was on passive safety, where it helps vehicle occupants to survive the crash. However, the frontier in safety innovation has moved beyond airbags and side-impact protection. Today, the frontier is active safety for preventing collisions before they occur. In Euro NCAP 2025 Roadmap, this active safety frontier falls under the primary safety and has become one of the overall safety rating initiatives toward safer cars. The primary safety features four technologies to be assessed, including driver monitoring (2020), automatic emergency steering (2020, 2022), autonomous emergency braking (2020, 2022), and V2x (2024). However, this initiative is partially encapsulated in the ASEAN NCAP Roadmap 2021-2025 under – 'Safety Assist' technological feature. For instance, in the new roadmap, ASEAN NCAP only focuses on Auto Emergency Braking (AEB) technology. This AEB is a feature to alert drivers to an imminent crash and help them use the car's maximum capacity. Therefore, as benchmarked to the EURO NCAP, this paper comprehensively reviews the AES demand, assessments, control, and testing methodology and can be further developed to consolidate for the ASEAN NCAP safety rating schemes. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116149851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. A. Tofrowaih, S. N. Sulaiman, M. A. Abdul Samad, K. Azlan, M. S. AB RAZAK, M. Abdul Rahman, Abdul Munir Hidayat Syah Lubis, A.L. Achmad Joehary
Accidents involving rollover in countries although low in numbers, recorded the highest Killed & Severed Injury (KSI) index and highest fatality index. The roof Crush Resistance test has been found to be one of the relevant tests to anticipate the impact of rollover incidents. However, a very limited number of research has been done on roof crush analysis using non-linear RADIOSS solver. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop an FE model for roof crush analysis using RADIOSS and to validate and compare the RADIOSS model to LS-DYNA. An SUV is selected, and its finite element (FE) model obtained from CCSA is converted from LS-DYNA to RADIOSS with equivalent element type, element properties, material, and damage modelling adjustment. The analysis is performed according to FMVSS 216 standard and the result of deformation and SWR plot is compared to the NHTSA report. From the result, it has been shown that RADIOSS is a good alternative to run highly non-linear analysis such as roof crush analysis.
{"title":"Evaluation of SUV Roof Crush Analysis using Alternative Non-Linear Structural Analysis Solver","authors":"K. A. Tofrowaih, S. N. Sulaiman, M. A. Abdul Samad, K. Azlan, M. S. AB RAZAK, M. Abdul Rahman, Abdul Munir Hidayat Syah Lubis, A.L. Achmad Joehary","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i2.162","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Accidents involving rollover in countries although low in numbers, recorded the highest Killed & Severed Injury (KSI) index and highest fatality index. The roof Crush Resistance test has been found to be one of the relevant tests to anticipate the impact of rollover incidents. However, a very limited number of research has been done on roof crush analysis using non-linear RADIOSS solver. Therefore, the aim of this study is to develop an FE model for roof crush analysis using RADIOSS and to validate and compare the RADIOSS model to LS-DYNA. An SUV is selected, and its finite element (FE) model obtained from CCSA is converted from LS-DYNA to RADIOSS with equivalent element type, element properties, material, and damage modelling adjustment. The analysis is performed according to FMVSS 216 standard and the result of deformation and SWR plot is compared to the NHTSA report. From the result, it has been shown that RADIOSS is a good alternative to run highly non-linear analysis such as roof crush analysis. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126978844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Z. Zulkipli, N. Alias, Ankur Omar, D. Kak, M. S. Abdul Khalid, A. S. Amir, M. Mahmud, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi, K. A. Abu Kassim
MyMAP is the first of its kind and aims to stimulate healthy competition among motorcycle manufacturers towards safer designs, as well as to give the public more information when considering purchasing a motorcycle. MyMAP is additionally unique to other initiatives in the field as it introduces assessment criteria for the manufacturer's effort towards educating and supporting the buyer on safe riding practices. This paper will discuss the vision, strategies, and challenges faced in establishing the program.
{"title":"MyMAP: World’s First Holistic Rating System for Motorcycles","authors":"Z. Zulkipli, N. Alias, Ankur Omar, D. Kak, M. S. Abdul Khalid, A. S. Amir, M. Mahmud, Zulhaidi Mohd Jawi, K. A. Abu Kassim","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.183","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000MyMAP is the first of its kind and aims to stimulate healthy competition among motorcycle manufacturers towards safer designs, as well as to give the public more information when considering purchasing a motorcycle. MyMAP is additionally unique to other initiatives in the field as it introduces assessment criteria for the manufacturer's effort towards educating and supporting the buyer on safe riding practices. This paper will discuss the vision, strategies, and challenges faced in establishing the program. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129982918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M.S.A. Samad, M. M. Mohd Nor, M. Abdul Majid, K. A. Abu Kassim
In general, most vehicle safety is developed and optimized using a standard crash dummy, in which the sizes and mass of the anthropometric data are primarily referred to the US population. In other words, it can be deduced that the safety configuration of such vehicles is not optimized for Malaysian or even Asian populations, which might cause severe injury. Therefore, in this paper, the injury is investigated using the actual Malaysian anthropometric data. To be specific, the Hybrid III 50th percentile dummy H350 is scaled to Malaysian 50th percentile dummy H350M, integrated into the vehicle, and analyzed using the finite element method. Using the newly H350M, the results showed the neck forces and moments are slightly reduced while the other injury parameters remained similar. There is also a noticeable increase in chest acceleration from 54.1g to 58.0g. The most critical assessment on the head injury by using the HIC15 method has shown a significant increase from 596 to 913, which could lead to severe head injury.
{"title":"Investigation on the Effect of Malaysian Anthropometric Size in Vehicle Crash Safety by using Finite Element Method","authors":"M.S.A. Samad, M. M. Mohd Nor, M. Abdul Majid, K. A. Abu Kassim","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.187","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.187","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000In general, most vehicle safety is developed and optimized using a standard crash dummy, in which the sizes and mass of the anthropometric data are primarily referred to the US population. In other words, it can be deduced that the safety configuration of such vehicles is not optimized for Malaysian or even Asian populations, which might cause severe injury. Therefore, in this paper, the injury is investigated using the actual Malaysian anthropometric data. To be specific, the Hybrid III 50th percentile dummy H350 is scaled to Malaysian 50th percentile dummy H350M, integrated into the vehicle, and analyzed using the finite element method. Using the newly H350M, the results showed the neck forces and moments are slightly reduced while the other injury parameters remained similar. There is also a noticeable increase in chest acceleration from 54.1g to 58.0g. The most critical assessment on the head injury by using the HIC15 method has shown a significant increase from 596 to 913, which could lead to severe head injury. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126812866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. S. Abdul Khalid, Z. Zulkipli, M. S. Solah, A. Hamzah, A. H. Ariffin, A. S. Amir, Z. Mohd Jawi, Y. Ahmad, K. A. Abu Kassim, N. Khamis
Motorcycle riders have been the top contributor to road deaths for over a decade in Malaysia. With proper safety technology systems installed on the upcoming models, it is predicted that motorcycle crashes and deaths can be reduced in the next decade. This study aims to review the past, recent, and upcoming vehicle safety technologies from the motorcycle and passenger car perspective that can potentially help reduce motorcycle crashes and injury risks. Various safety technologies have been introduced for passenger cars such as anti-lock braking systems, electronic stability control, lane keep assistance, traction control, blind-spot detection, autonomous emergency braking, and many more. With the requirements of ASEAN NCAP, these technologies are introduced to make passenger cars safer and to avoid road collisions, especially with the motorcycle. However, the opposite is true for motorcycles where only expensive motorcycles have these safety technologies, while for lower- capacity motorcycles, only basic and compulsory technologies are introduced even though this group remains the top contributor to motorcycle crashes and road deaths in Malaysia. Therefore, it is suggested that more safety technologies be introduced for motorcycles especially lower-capacity models. While for passenger cars, there are newer technologies that can be introduced to improve the current offerings to enhance the safety of passenger cars and other vehicles on the road and reduce the risk of road fatalities.
{"title":"A Review of Motorcycle Safety Technologies from the Motorcycle and Passenger Car Perspectives","authors":"M. S. Abdul Khalid, Z. Zulkipli, M. S. Solah, A. Hamzah, A. H. Ariffin, A. S. Amir, Z. Mohd Jawi, Y. Ahmad, K. A. Abu Kassim, N. Khamis","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.184","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Motorcycle riders have been the top contributor to road deaths for over a decade in Malaysia. With proper safety technology systems installed on the upcoming models, it is predicted that motorcycle crashes and deaths can be reduced in the next decade. This study aims to review the past, recent, and upcoming vehicle safety technologies from the motorcycle and passenger car perspective that can potentially help reduce motorcycle crashes and injury risks. Various safety technologies have been introduced for passenger cars such as anti-lock braking systems, electronic stability control, lane keep assistance, traction control, blind-spot detection, autonomous emergency braking, and many more. With the requirements of ASEAN NCAP, these technologies are introduced to make passenger cars safer and to avoid road collisions, especially with the motorcycle. However, the opposite is true for motorcycles where only expensive motorcycles have these safety technologies, while for lower- capacity motorcycles, only basic and compulsory technologies are introduced even though this group remains the top contributor to motorcycle crashes and road deaths in Malaysia. Therefore, it is suggested that more safety technologies be introduced for motorcycles especially lower-capacity models. While for passenger cars, there are newer technologies that can be introduced to improve the current offerings to enhance the safety of passenger cars and other vehicles on the road and reduce the risk of road fatalities. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132608973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Intersections are the critical road network where two or more roads meet and are connected. There were two types of intersections, which are signalized and unsignalized. Next, the physiological factor of a driver is one of the indicators for the condition of the driver. A condition such as drowsiness and fatigue that could affect the focus and performance of drivers during driving could be the major cause of traffic accidents. Besides that, stress and tension could lead to a temporary increased in blood pressure and heart rate of drivers. In this research, drivers aged 20 to 30 years old have been selected and the driver’s blood pressure and heart rate have been sampled by using OMRON digital wrist blood pressure monitor before, during, and after driving, including their driving speed. Thus, the focus of this study was to study Physiological behavior while driving throughout a signalized intersection. An analysis by using the Regression Method to obtain the r-squared value has been applied to determine the correlation level between both of the variables. According to the sampling software, 36 participants are required to be tested. But due to Movement Control Order (MCO), only six participants were successfully sampled. A signalized T-junction of Jalan Persiaran Kayangan near Universiti Selangor (UNISEL), Shah Alam has been selected, and by the data obtained, we could determine the driving behavior of drivers in a real-life situation.
{"title":"Physiological Study of Blood Pressure and Heart Rate at Road Intersections","authors":"S. Jainudin, J. Diah, S. Abdullah","doi":"10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.56381/jsaem.v5i3.188","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 \u0000Intersections are the critical road network where two or more roads meet and are connected. There were two types of intersections, which are signalized and unsignalized. Next, the physiological factor of a driver is one of the indicators for the condition of the driver. A condition such as drowsiness and fatigue that could affect the focus and performance of drivers during driving could be the major cause of traffic accidents. Besides that, stress and tension could lead to a temporary increased in blood pressure and heart rate of drivers. In this research, drivers aged 20 to 30 years old have been selected and the driver’s blood pressure and heart rate have been sampled by using OMRON digital wrist blood pressure monitor before, during, and after driving, including their driving speed. Thus, the focus of this study was to study Physiological behavior while driving throughout a signalized intersection. An analysis by using the Regression Method to obtain the r-squared value has been applied to determine the correlation level between both of the variables. According to the sampling software, 36 participants are required to be tested. But due to Movement Control Order (MCO), only six participants were successfully sampled. A signalized T-junction of Jalan Persiaran Kayangan near Universiti Selangor (UNISEL), Shah Alam has been selected, and by the data obtained, we could determine the driving behavior of drivers in a real-life situation. \u0000 \u0000 \u0000","PeriodicalId":286928,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the Society of Automotive Engineers Malaysia","volume":"2022 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123239402","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M.A. Mohamad Radzi, A. Z. Zainal Abidin, N. S. Azman, D. Kak, N. F. Paiman
In Malaysia, 6,570 fatalities were recorded as a result of road deaths in 2016. From that figure, 1,197 or 18.2% were involved in side- impact collisions. An in-depth crash investigation study was conducted by utilizing data from the MIROS crash investigation database (MICARS) to better understand the mechanism and characteristics of the crash and to correlate the impact and damages profile with the injury outcome of the involved occupants related to the side-impact crash. The data obtained from MICARS for this study was selected from 2007 until 2016, during which MIROS had investigated 794 for both East and West Malaysia. Out of that number, 41 cases involving passenger vehicles were selected for analysis purposes. The results found that the risk of serious or fatal injury to nearside occupants was eight times higher compared to the far-side occupants. Besides that, the use of the restraint system does not show a significant association with the occupants' fatality. In a conclusion, car manufacturers should equip all new passenger vehicle models with passive safety features such as side and curtain airbags and should also increase the rigidity of the side structure of the said vehicles to reduce the injury severity level of the occupants. Furthermore, the government needs to review all these issues together with the vehicle manufacturers to make it become a Malaysian Standard before mandating it for all passenger vehicles in Malaysia. Thus, continuous efforts and commitment by car manufacturers and the government are essential to produce safer cars with proper and adequate active and passive safety features.
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