Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113513
Chen Wang, Jiayi He, Zikai Wu, Kuangxin Luo, Fenghua Luo
The corrosion behavior of vanadium (V, 0–0.5 wt%) alloyed 316 L in PEMFC environment was studied through electrochemical testing along with microstructure analysis. The results indicate that the passive film of 316 L alloyed with 0.3 wt% V has the best protective effect, as it has the highest polarization resistance and the lowest point defect density. XPS analysis reveals that the Cr2O3 content in passive film inner layer of steel containing 0.3 % V reaches 55.52 %, which is 63.44 % higher than that of V-free 316 L, while the passive film thickness increases to 4.98 nm. Due to the reduction in diffusion activation energy of Cr by V atoms, the migration rate of Cr to the surface is accelerated, significantly enhancing the nucleation rate of Cr2O3 and promoting its growth rate, ultimately forming a continuous and dense Cr rich protective layer. However, corrosion performance begins to deteriorate when alloyed by 0.5 wt% of V. The supersaturated V disrupts the solid solution equilibrium of the matrix, resulting in lattice mismatch and defects within the passive film, reducing the atomic diffusion rates heavily. The nucleation and growth rate of the passive layer slows down, ultimately forming a severely defective passive film that reduces its corrosion resistance.
{"title":"Improving the corrosion resistance of 316 L through vanadium microalloying: Corrosion resistance mechanism based on nucleation and growth kinetics calculation of passive film","authors":"Chen Wang, Jiayi He, Zikai Wu, Kuangxin Luo, Fenghua Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113513","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The corrosion behavior of vanadium (V, 0–0.5 wt%) alloyed 316 L in PEMFC environment was studied through electrochemical testing along with microstructure analysis. The results indicate that the passive film of 316 L alloyed with 0.3 wt% V has the best protective effect, as it has the highest polarization resistance and the lowest point defect density. XPS analysis reveals that the Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content in passive film inner layer of steel containing 0.3 % V reaches 55.52 %, which is 63.44 % higher than that of V-free 316 L, while the passive film thickness increases to 4.98 nm. Due to the reduction in diffusion activation energy of Cr by V atoms, the migration rate of Cr to the surface is accelerated, significantly enhancing the nucleation rate of Cr<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and promoting its growth rate, ultimately forming a continuous and dense Cr rich protective layer. However, corrosion performance begins to deteriorate when alloyed by 0.5 wt% of V. The supersaturated V disrupts the solid solution equilibrium of the matrix, resulting in lattice mismatch and defects within the passive film, reducing the atomic diffusion rates heavily. The nucleation and growth rate of the passive layer slows down, ultimately forming a severely defective passive film that reduces its corrosion resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 113513"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113488
Tengfei Yin , Qiwei Quan , Yongxiang Liu , Yang Zhao , Tao Zhang , Fuhui Wang
The influence of roughness on the corrosion resistance of pre-immersion film of B30 alloys in aggressive deep-sea environments were studied. The results indicated that as the roughness increases, the pre-immersion film transforms from a dense single-layer oxide film to a cracked multi-layer film. The pre-immersion film formed on the smooth substrate ensures the safe survival of B30 alloy during its ‘infancy’. The surface roughness significantly changes the interfacial fluid dynamics and residual stress distribution. The synergistic effect between the above two changes determines the deposition behavior of the pre-immersion film, ultimately affecting its corrosion resistance in the aggressive deep-sea environment.
{"title":"Unraveling the roughness effect on the corrosion resistance of pre-immersion film of B30 alloy used for power systems in aggressive deep-sea environments","authors":"Tengfei Yin , Qiwei Quan , Yongxiang Liu , Yang Zhao , Tao Zhang , Fuhui Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113488","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113488","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The influence of roughness on the corrosion resistance of pre-immersion film of B30 alloys in aggressive deep-sea environments were studied. The results indicated that as the roughness increases, the pre-immersion film transforms from a dense single-layer oxide film to a cracked multi-layer film. The pre-immersion film formed on the smooth substrate ensures the safe survival of B30 alloy during its ‘infancy’. The surface roughness significantly changes the interfacial fluid dynamics and residual stress distribution. The synergistic effect between the above two changes determines the deposition behavior of the pre-immersion film, ultimately affecting its corrosion resistance in the aggressive deep-sea environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113488"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113511
Juanping Xu , Haodong He , Weiguo Li , Zheng Wang , Hao Fu , Ming Wu , Yu Yan , Jinxu Li
Due to its excellent strength and ductility, medium-Mn steel has gained increasing application in the automotive industry in recent years. However, as strength improves, hydrogen embrittlement (HE) has become a critical challenge that restricts the safe service of high-strength steels. This study aims to enhance the HE resistance of medium-Mn steel (Fe–0.2C–12Mn) through the addition of Al, a common lightweight alloying element. Two steels with 0Al and 2Al contents were produced via warm rolling and cold rolling processes. The mechanical properties and HE sensitivity of these steels were evaluated using slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests. Detailed microstructural characterization was conducted using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to elucidate the effects of Al addition on the mechanical properties and HE resistance of medium-Mn steel. The results indicate that the annealed and tempered steel sheets exhibit similar tensile strength, but the tempered sample shows a significantly higher yield strength. In addition, the annealed steel demonstrates considerably greater elongation. With the addition of 2 wt% Al, the strength of the steel decreases, while the elongation and toughness improve. Notably, the incorporation of Al simultaneously enhances both the product of strength and elongation (PSE) and the HE resistance. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of high-strength steels with superior comprehensive properties.
{"title":"Effect of aluminum addition on mechanical properties and hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity of medium-Mn steels","authors":"Juanping Xu , Haodong He , Weiguo Li , Zheng Wang , Hao Fu , Ming Wu , Yu Yan , Jinxu Li","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113511","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113511","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to its excellent strength and ductility, medium-Mn steel has gained increasing application in the automotive industry in recent years. However, as strength improves, hydrogen embrittlement (HE) has become a critical challenge that restricts the safe service of high-strength steels. This study aims to enhance the HE resistance of medium-Mn steel (Fe–0.2C–12Mn) through the addition of Al, a common lightweight alloying element. Two steels with 0Al and 2Al contents were produced via warm rolling and cold rolling processes. The mechanical properties and HE sensitivity of these steels were evaluated using slow strain rate tensile (SSRT) tests. Detailed microstructural characterization was conducted using electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) to elucidate the effects of Al addition on the mechanical properties and HE resistance of medium-Mn steel. The results indicate that the annealed and tempered steel sheets exhibit similar tensile strength, but the tempered sample shows a significantly higher yield strength. In addition, the annealed steel demonstrates considerably greater elongation. With the addition of 2 wt% Al, the strength of the steel decreases, while the elongation and toughness improve. Notably, the incorporation of Al simultaneously enhances both the product of strength and elongation (PSE) and the HE resistance. These findings provide valuable insights for the development of high-strength steels with superior comprehensive properties.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113511"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113512
Zhiyi Wang , Tianqi Chen , Jing Liu , Haocong An , Zhong Li , Chao Liu , Feng Huang , Zhiyong Liu , Xiaogang Li
This study investigated the effects of substituting conventional Ca treatment with trace Mg treatment (0.005 wt%) on the hydrogen trapping behavior and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) susceptibility of X70 pipeline steel. The strategy significantly decreased HE susceptibility from 44.0 % to 21.3 %. The results revealed that Mg-modified inclusions MgO·xAl2O3 do not exhibit strong hydrogen trapping capabilities. Instead, they promote the uniform distribution of hydrogen in steel and delay cracking by forming finely sized (< 2 μm) and massively dispersed MnS, MgO·xAl2O3·MnS·TiN·NbN inclusions, which replace coarse CaS·Al2O3 and (Ca, Mn)S inclusions prone to HE. Additionally, grain refinement, the uniform distribution of the specific {111}//ND grain orientation, and an increased proportion of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs increased from 38.9 % to 45.1 %) contribute to improved HE resistance. Notably, the MnS/matrix interface exhibits the strongest hydrogen trapping capacity, as evidenced by a hydrogen segregation energy of −0.821 eV obtained through first-principles calculations and a potential difference variation of 16 mV reflecting the hydrogen trapping level, which is double the variation (8 mV) observed at the CaS/matrix interface in Ca-treated steel.
{"title":"An inclusion modification approach to improve hydrogen embrittlement resistance: Trace Mg addition facilitating MnS dispersion for enhanced deep hydrogen trapping","authors":"Zhiyi Wang , Tianqi Chen , Jing Liu , Haocong An , Zhong Li , Chao Liu , Feng Huang , Zhiyong Liu , Xiaogang Li","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113512","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113512","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the effects of substituting conventional Ca treatment with trace Mg treatment (0.005 wt%) on the hydrogen trapping behavior and hydrogen embrittlement (HE) susceptibility of X70 pipeline steel. The strategy significantly decreased HE susceptibility from 44.0 % to 21.3 %. The results revealed that Mg-modified inclusions MgO·<em>x</em>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> do not exhibit strong hydrogen trapping capabilities. Instead, they promote the uniform distribution of hydrogen in steel and delay cracking by forming finely sized (< 2 μm) and massively dispersed MnS, MgO·<em>x</em>Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>·MnS·TiN·NbN inclusions, which replace coarse CaS·Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> and (Ca, Mn)S inclusions prone to HE. Additionally, grain refinement, the uniform distribution of the specific {111}//ND grain orientation, and an increased proportion of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs increased from 38.9 % to 45.1 %) contribute to improved HE resistance. Notably, the MnS/matrix interface exhibits the strongest hydrogen trapping capacity, as evidenced by a hydrogen segregation energy of −0.821 eV obtained through first-principles calculations and a potential difference variation of 16 mV reflecting the hydrogen trapping level, which is double the variation (8 mV) observed at the CaS/matrix interface in Ca-treated steel.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"260 ","pages":"Article 113512"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145622907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113507
Rakesh Kumar Barik , Namit N. Pai , Arnab Sarkar, Vikram Chavan, Mohammad I. Khan, Hitesh Mehtani, Smrutiranjan Parida, Ajay S. Panwar, Indradev Samajdar
Understanding the interplay between alloy chemistry and microstructure on localized corrosion remains a critical challenge in the design of ferritic (bcc-Fe) alloys. This study, in particular, investigated the role of phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) additions on the grain boundary versus grain interior aqueous corrosion in ferritic binary alloys. The grain boundary corrosion was more severe but highly localized. However, both grain boundary and grain interior corrosion exhibited a similar trend with respect to alloying. A combination of respective localized attacks, thus, determined the overall corrosion rate. Both Cu (0.5–3.5 wt%) and P (0.01–0.1 wt%) enhanced the rate of corrosion. Effects of P were more significant, but appeared non-monotonic. Grain boundary localized attack, for example, scaled with experimental grain boundary energy following a power law. The numerical values of the exponent were estimated, statistically, as 0.12, 0.13 and 0.17 for nearly pure Fe, and Fe-0.5Cu and Fe-0.01 P, respectively. Reactive force field (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were then used to explain the non-monotonic corrosion response in Fe-P alloys. Experimental grain interior depth of attack scaled well with ReaxFF-simulated texture averaged attack of the constituent grains or orientations. It appeared that crystallographic texture affected the grain interior and also the mesoscopic near grain boundary regions; thereby controlling the overall corrosion behavior. This study thus brought out the defining role of alloy chemistry and crystallographic texture on the local, grain boundary and grain interior, as well as overall corrosion response in binary ferritic alloys.
{"title":"Grain boundary versus grain interior aqueous corrosion in iron-phosphorous and iron-copper binary ferritic alloys","authors":"Rakesh Kumar Barik , Namit N. Pai , Arnab Sarkar, Vikram Chavan, Mohammad I. Khan, Hitesh Mehtani, Smrutiranjan Parida, Ajay S. Panwar, Indradev Samajdar","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113507","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113507","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the interplay between alloy chemistry and microstructure on localized corrosion remains a critical challenge in the design of ferritic (bcc-Fe) alloys. This study, in particular, investigated the role of phosphorus (P) and copper (Cu) additions on the grain boundary versus grain interior aqueous corrosion in ferritic binary alloys. The grain boundary corrosion was more severe but highly localized. However, both grain boundary and grain interior corrosion exhibited a similar trend with respect to alloying. A combination of respective localized attacks, thus, determined the overall corrosion rate. Both Cu (0.5–3.5 wt%) and P (0.01–0.1 wt%) enhanced the rate of corrosion. Effects of P were more significant, but appeared non-monotonic. Grain boundary localized attack, for example, scaled with experimental grain boundary energy following a power law. The numerical values of the exponent were estimated, statistically, as 0.12, 0.13 and 0.17 for nearly pure Fe, and Fe-0.5Cu and Fe-0.01 P, respectively. Reactive force field (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were then used to explain the non-monotonic corrosion response in Fe-P alloys. Experimental grain interior depth of attack scaled well with ReaxFF-simulated texture averaged attack of the constituent grains or orientations. It appeared that crystallographic texture affected the grain interior and also the mesoscopic near grain boundary regions; thereby controlling the overall corrosion behavior. This study thus brought out the defining role of alloy chemistry and crystallographic texture on the local, grain boundary and grain interior, as well as overall corrosion response in binary ferritic alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113507"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113514
Yu Gao , Masoumeh Moradi , Jun Zou , Qiance Liu , Fuhui Wang , Guangming Jiang , Dake Xu
Microbial corrosion based on extracellular electron transfer (EET) has been widely studied on iron-based metals, yet it remains poorly understood in aluminum alloys. In this study, the corrosion behavior of 5083 aluminum alloy (AA5083) induced by a newly isolated marine actinomycete, Nocardiopsis dassonvillei, was systematically examined. The results proved that N. dassonvillei accelerated AA5083 corrosion by increasing the dissolution of oxide layers through chloride accumulation, and by preventing the re-passivation through oxygen depletion. On the metal substratum with a defected oxide film, N. dassonvillei accelerated Al dissolution by facilitating EET with phenazine as an electron shuttle between the metal surface and sessile cells.
{"title":"Electroactive marine actinomycete Nocardiopsis dassonvillei accelerates the corrosion of 5083 aluminum alloy","authors":"Yu Gao , Masoumeh Moradi , Jun Zou , Qiance Liu , Fuhui Wang , Guangming Jiang , Dake Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial corrosion based on extracellular electron transfer (EET) has been widely studied on iron-based metals, yet it remains poorly understood in aluminum alloys. In this study, the corrosion behavior of 5083 aluminum alloy (AA5083) induced by a newly isolated marine actinomycete, <em>Nocardiopsis dassonvillei</em>, was systematically examined. The results proved that <em>N. dassonvillei</em> accelerated AA5083 corrosion by increasing the dissolution of oxide layers through chloride accumulation, and by preventing the re-passivation through oxygen depletion. On the metal substratum with a defected oxide film, <em>N. dassonvillei</em> accelerated Al dissolution by facilitating EET with phenazine as an electron shuttle between the metal surface and sessile cells.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113514"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113510
Zhipeng Yuan , Zhikang Yang , Menghao Jiang , Liang Huang , Yiyou Tu , Ting Yuan , Zenglei Ni , Fang Liu , Xiao Chen , Xingxing Wang
The degradation of structural materials in corrosive environments poses a major challenge for marine, aerospace, and energy applications. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their unique multi-element design. In this study, the effect of Al content on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of as-cast AlxCoCrFeNi alloys (x = 0.3–1.0) was systematically examined. With increasing Al content, the alloys underwent a phase transformation from FCC to dual-phase FCC+BCC and finally to a BCC-dominated structure enriched in B2 phases. This structural evolution significantly enhanced hardness, rising from 142.08 HV at x = 0.3–513.86 HV at x = 1.0, indicating strong strengthening effects. However, corrosion resistance declined, with isolated pitting in low-Al alloys developing into phase-selective and interfacial corrosion in Al-rich compositions. The results demonstrate a strength–corrosion trade-off and provide valuable guidance for tailoring HEAs through composition and microstructure design for use in aggressive environments.
{"title":"Investigation of the effect of Al content on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of as-cast AlxCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloys","authors":"Zhipeng Yuan , Zhikang Yang , Menghao Jiang , Liang Huang , Yiyou Tu , Ting Yuan , Zenglei Ni , Fang Liu , Xiao Chen , Xingxing Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113510","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113510","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The degradation of structural materials in corrosive environments poses a major challenge for marine, aerospace, and energy applications. High-entropy alloys (HEAs) have emerged as promising candidates due to their unique multi-element design. In this study, the effect of Al content on the microstructure and corrosion behavior of as-cast AlxCoCrFeNi alloys (x = 0.3–1.0) was systematically examined. With increasing Al content, the alloys underwent a phase transformation from FCC to dual-phase FCC+BCC and finally to a BCC-dominated structure enriched in B2 phases. This structural evolution significantly enhanced hardness, rising from 142.08 HV at x = 0.3–513.86 HV at x = 1.0, indicating strong strengthening effects. However, corrosion resistance declined, with isolated pitting in low-Al alloys developing into phase-selective and interfacial corrosion in Al-rich compositions. The results demonstrate a strength–corrosion trade-off and provide valuable guidance for tailoring HEAs through composition and microstructure design for use in aggressive environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113510"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145680912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-27DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113509
Marina Furbino , Rubén Del Olmo , Zhichao Che , Arshad Yazdanpanah , Loïc Malet , Stéphane Godet , Chao Liu , Reynier I. Revilla , Iris De Graeve
This work explores the early stages of corrosion in a low-alloy steel produced by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). Specimens were exposed to a marine environment, and the influence of non-metallic inclusions on corrosion was examined. Although Mn-silicates are commonly reported in additively manufactured steels due to rapid solidification, they are generally considered inert with respect to corrosion in some AM steel grades, such as stainless steel. For the present work, however, it was observed that in the case of WAAM low-alloy steel, these inclusions can contain small MnS-rich regions that act as preferential sites for pitting corrosion initiation, due to their chemical instability. As the exposure time in a marine environment increases, the metallic matrix surrounding MnS-rich regions undergoes localized dissolution, leading to inclusion detachment and pit formation, followed by the development of a surrounding circular corrosion front. This front progressively spreads, encompassing and detaching adjacent inclusions, ultimately transitioning from localized to general corrosion.
{"title":"Role of non-metallic inclusions in the initiation and propagation of corrosion in wire arc additive manufactured low-alloy steel","authors":"Marina Furbino , Rubén Del Olmo , Zhichao Che , Arshad Yazdanpanah , Loïc Malet , Stéphane Godet , Chao Liu , Reynier I. Revilla , Iris De Graeve","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113509","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113509","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work explores the early stages of corrosion in a low-alloy steel produced by Wire Arc Additive Manufacturing (WAAM). Specimens were exposed to a marine environment, and the influence of non-metallic inclusions on corrosion was examined. Although Mn-silicates are commonly reported in additively manufactured steels due to rapid solidification, they are generally considered inert with respect to corrosion in some AM steel grades, such as stainless steel. For the present work, however, it was observed that in the case of WAAM low-alloy steel, these inclusions can contain small MnS-rich regions that act as preferential sites for pitting corrosion initiation, due to their chemical instability. As the exposure time in a marine environment increases, the metallic matrix surrounding MnS-rich regions undergoes localized dissolution, leading to inclusion detachment and pit formation, followed by the development of a surrounding circular corrosion front. This front progressively spreads, encompassing and detaching adjacent inclusions, ultimately transitioning from localized to general corrosion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113509"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The deposition behavior of impurity particles is investigated under subcooled nucleated boiling conditions. Since the mechanism by which bubble growth influences deposition remains insufficiently understood, the pool boiling deposition experiments are conducted and the surface morphologies of the fouling layer are characterized. A ring-shaped fouling layer is formed around the nucleation site, attributed to microlayer evaporation beneath the bubble. As the maximum bubble apparent contact diameter expands, the deposition ring diameter concomitantly increases. Furthermore, the average thickness of the deposition ring exhibits a positive linear correlation with the bubble departure frequency. A deposition mass model has been developed by combining the microlayer evaporation mass with the adsorption probability of impurity particles. The interaction potential energies between nanoparticles and the test surface are quantitatively analyzed based on measured zeta potential. Finally, this model is validated using pool boiling experimental data and further verified by the results from a flow boiling single-tube deposition test, demonstrating good agreement with the measurements. These findings provide insights into the deposition behavior and the deposition mass of insoluble impurity particles under subcooled nucleate boiling conditions.
{"title":"Experimental investigation of the deposition behavior of Fe3O4 particles under subcooled nucleate boiling conditions","authors":"Hongkang Tian, Tenglong Cong, Mengjie Li, Xiaowen Wang, Hanyang Gu","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113508","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113508","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The deposition behavior of impurity particles is investigated under subcooled nucleated boiling conditions. Since the mechanism by which bubble growth influences deposition remains insufficiently understood, the pool boiling deposition experiments are conducted and the surface morphologies of the fouling layer are characterized. A ring-shaped fouling layer is formed around the nucleation site, attributed to microlayer evaporation beneath the bubble. As the maximum bubble apparent contact diameter expands, the deposition ring diameter concomitantly increases. Furthermore, the average thickness of the deposition ring exhibits a positive linear correlation with the bubble departure frequency. A deposition mass model has been developed by combining the microlayer evaporation mass with the adsorption probability of impurity particles. The interaction potential energies between nanoparticles and the test surface are quantitatively analyzed based on measured zeta potential. Finally, this model is validated using pool boiling experimental data and further verified by the results from a flow boiling single-tube deposition test, demonstrating good agreement with the measurements. These findings provide insights into the deposition behavior and the deposition mass of insoluble impurity particles under subcooled nucleate boiling conditions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113508"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113505
M. Rezvanian , H. Gholamzadeh , K. Daub , F. Long , J.R. Kish , M.R. Daymond , S.Y. Persaud
This study investigates the corrosion behavior of Alloy 800 (Fe-32Ni-21Cr) in a ternary eutectic molten salt mixture (LiCl-KCl-MgCl₂) at 350 °C and 750 °C under flowing argon (Ar) and Ar+ 1 % O₂ atmospheres. The objective is to understand the effect of minor oxygen ingress on corrosion in a relatively pure salt where corrosion had ceased. At lower temperature (350 °C), increasing exposure time in pure Ar conditions led to minimal changes in corrosion depth after 48 h, suggesting that corrosion had stopped after this time. The addition of 1 % oxygen to the gas flow resulted in only slight increases in corrosion, with larger ligaments observed on the surface and minor roughening in the cross-sectional images. Similarly, 750°C testing under pure Ar showed only grain boundary attack at 12 h, and increasing exposure time did not significantly increase the corrosion depth. However, in contrast to 350 °C testing, the addition of 1 % oxygen resulted in increased grain boundary attack and dealloying, specifically at and adjacent to grain boundaries. These findings suggest that minor oxygen ingress into a molten halide salt environment can significantly increase the corrosion rate in a short period of time at high homologous temperatures, which is relevant to practical applications of molten salts where minor oxygen ingress is a likely upset condition.
{"title":"Oxygen-accelerated corrosion of Alloy 800 in a molten LiCl-KCl-MgCl2 eutectic mixture","authors":"M. Rezvanian , H. Gholamzadeh , K. Daub , F. Long , J.R. Kish , M.R. Daymond , S.Y. Persaud","doi":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113505","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.corsci.2025.113505","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigates the corrosion behavior of Alloy 800 (Fe-32Ni-21Cr) in a ternary eutectic molten salt mixture (LiCl-KCl-MgCl₂) at 350 °C and 750 °C under flowing argon (Ar) and Ar+ 1 % O₂ atmospheres. The objective is to understand the effect of minor oxygen ingress on corrosion in a relatively pure salt where corrosion had ceased. At lower temperature (350 °C), increasing exposure time in pure Ar conditions led to minimal changes in corrosion depth after 48 h, suggesting that corrosion had stopped after this time. The addition of 1 % oxygen to the gas flow resulted in only slight increases in corrosion, with larger ligaments observed on the surface and minor roughening in the cross-sectional images. Similarly, 750°C testing under pure Ar showed only grain boundary attack at 12 h, and increasing exposure time did not significantly increase the corrosion depth. However, in contrast to 350 °C testing, the addition of 1 % oxygen resulted in increased grain boundary attack and dealloying, specifically at and adjacent to grain boundaries. These findings suggest that minor oxygen ingress into a molten halide salt environment can significantly increase the corrosion rate in a short period of time at high homologous temperatures, which is relevant to practical applications of molten salts where minor oxygen ingress is a likely upset condition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":290,"journal":{"name":"Corrosion Science","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 113505"},"PeriodicalIF":7.4,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615013","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号