Pub Date : 2017-11-23DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117439
S. Cochran, T. Button, B. Cox, D. Cumming, D. Gourevich, H. Lay, H. Mulvana, I. Näthke, F. Stewart
Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) has become a clinically accepted diagnostic modality in the last 20 years and has established a technological roadmap for other capsule endoscopy (CE) devices, incorporating microscale technology, a local power supply and wireless communication. However, VCE does not provide a therapeutic function and research in therapeutic capsule endoscopy (TCE) has been limited. This paper proposes a new route towards viable TCE based on multiple CE devices including essential nanoscale components. A first device is used for multimodal diagnosis, with quantitative microultrasound as a complement to video imaging. Ultrasound-enhanced fluorescent marking of sites of pathology allows follow-up with a second device for therapy. This is based on fluorescence imaging and ultrasound-mediated targeted drug delivery. Subsequent treatment verification and monitoring with a third device exploits the minimally invasive nature of CE. Clinical implementation of a complete patient pathway remains the subject of research but several key components have been prepared in early prototype form. These are described, along with gaps that remain to be filled.
{"title":"Nanotechnology in multimodal theranostic capsule endoscopy","authors":"S. Cochran, T. Button, B. Cox, D. Cumming, D. Gourevich, H. Lay, H. Mulvana, I. Näthke, F. Stewart","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117439","url":null,"abstract":"Video capsule endoscopy (VCE) has become a clinically accepted diagnostic modality in the last 20 years and has established a technological roadmap for other capsule endoscopy (CE) devices, incorporating microscale technology, a local power supply and wireless communication. However, VCE does not provide a therapeutic function and research in therapeutic capsule endoscopy (TCE) has been limited. This paper proposes a new route towards viable TCE based on multiple CE devices including essential nanoscale components. A first device is used for multimodal diagnosis, with quantitative microultrasound as a complement to video imaging. Ultrasound-enhanced fluorescent marking of sites of pathology allows follow-up with a second device for therapy. This is based on fluorescence imaging and ultrasound-mediated targeted drug delivery. Subsequent treatment verification and monitoring with a third device exploits the minimally invasive nature of CE. Clinical implementation of a complete patient pathway remains the subject of research but several key components have been prepared in early prototype form. These are described, along with gaps that remain to be filled.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121810060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-21DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117431
D. Shieh, Li‐Xing Yang, Wei‐Ting Lee, Kuang-Jing Huang, Yana Wu, Wu-Chou Su, Dongxiang Chen, B. Tsang
How to improve the selectivity and efficacy of anticancer agents and to reduce side effects has always been a big challenge in clinical cancer therapy. Chemotherapeutic agents are usually toxic to both cancer and normal tissues, thus rendering compromised overall clinical outcome. Here we developed zero-valent iron nanoparticles (ZVI NPs) that exhibited selectivity toward higher toxicity to most cancerous cells thus opening a new era of anti-cancer therapy or adjuvant therapy through a novel molecular signaling pathway. We used head-and-neck cancer (HNC) cells and ovarian cancer (OVCA) cells to test the anti-cancer properties of ZVI NPs. The ZVI NPs served as a strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer and caused irreversible mitochondria membrane potential lost in sensitive cancer cells that lead to cancer cell autophagy and growth suppression, while not significantly affect normal cell population. Further, the cytotoxicity of the ZVI NPs is highly depended on its redox state as oxidation of the NPs upon aging reduced their cytotoxic potency. In vivo study revealed a dose dependent tumor size reduction in tumor-bearing mice model without significant weight loss and pathological signs. These results suggest that ZVI NPs may serve as a new class of anticancer agent for a wide spectra of neoplastic diseases.
{"title":"Zero-valent iron based nanoparticles selectively inhibit cancerous cells through mitochondria-mediated autophagy","authors":"D. Shieh, Li‐Xing Yang, Wei‐Ting Lee, Kuang-Jing Huang, Yana Wu, Wu-Chou Su, Dongxiang Chen, B. Tsang","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117431","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117431","url":null,"abstract":"How to improve the selectivity and efficacy of anticancer agents and to reduce side effects has always been a big challenge in clinical cancer therapy. Chemotherapeutic agents are usually toxic to both cancer and normal tissues, thus rendering compromised overall clinical outcome. Here we developed zero-valent iron nanoparticles (ZVI NPs) that exhibited selectivity toward higher toxicity to most cancerous cells thus opening a new era of anti-cancer therapy or adjuvant therapy through a novel molecular signaling pathway. We used head-and-neck cancer (HNC) cells and ovarian cancer (OVCA) cells to test the anti-cancer properties of ZVI NPs. The ZVI NPs served as a strong reactive oxygen species (ROS) inducer and caused irreversible mitochondria membrane potential lost in sensitive cancer cells that lead to cancer cell autophagy and growth suppression, while not significantly affect normal cell population. Further, the cytotoxicity of the ZVI NPs is highly depended on its redox state as oxidation of the NPs upon aging reduced their cytotoxic potency. In vivo study revealed a dose dependent tumor size reduction in tumor-bearing mice model without significant weight loss and pathological signs. These results suggest that ZVI NPs may serve as a new class of anticancer agent for a wide spectra of neoplastic diseases.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127892852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-21DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117453
Ying-Ren Chen, W. Chen, Y. Tzeng
In this paper, graphene for SERS molecular sensors is reviewed along with a report of new innovations. Arrays of silver nanoparticles were selectively deposited on copper, on which discrete graphene domains had been synthesized. Closely spaced silver nanoparticles create strong local electric fields by means of laser induced plasmonic coupling. Signal intensity measured from Raman scattering of low concentration of R6G probe molecules was enhanced by more than eight orders of magnitude in comparison with that without closely spaced silver nanoparticles surrounded by graphene.
{"title":"Graphene for surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) molecular sensors","authors":"Ying-Ren Chen, W. Chen, Y. Tzeng","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117453","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, graphene for SERS molecular sensors is reviewed along with a report of new innovations. Arrays of silver nanoparticles were selectively deposited on copper, on which discrete graphene domains had been synthesized. Closely spaced silver nanoparticles create strong local electric fields by means of laser induced plasmonic coupling. Signal intensity measured from Raman scattering of low concentration of R6G probe molecules was enhanced by more than eight orders of magnitude in comparison with that without closely spaced silver nanoparticles surrounded by graphene.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124195531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-21DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117472
Shunsuke Nagahama, Kayo Migita, S. Sugano
In this study, we synthesized a self-healing electrically conductive gel based on Agar/hydrophobically associated polyacrylamide (HPAAm) by a restraint-assisted method. Recently, self-healing conductive materials based on such gels have been widely researched. However, as gels are generally weak, the gel-based materials are also often low in strength. Therefore, in this study, we applied the restraint method for adding pyrrole to Agar/HPAAm, which is a self-healing high-strength gel. The synthesized product was a high-strength conductive gel with self-healing abilities. Tensile tests confirmed that the swelling of the synthesized gel caused a low tensile breaking stress. Additionally, electrical conductivity measurements showed that the conductivity was increased by the addition of polypyrrole. These measurements were also carried out after the gel underwent self-healing. 30% of the strength and 54% of the conductivity of the undamaged gel were recovered, indicating the good self-healing performance of the gel proposed in this research.
{"title":"Synthesis of high-strength and electronically conductive triple network gels with self-healing properties by the restraint method","authors":"Shunsuke Nagahama, Kayo Migita, S. Sugano","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117472","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117472","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we synthesized a self-healing electrically conductive gel based on Agar/hydrophobically associated polyacrylamide (HPAAm) by a restraint-assisted method. Recently, self-healing conductive materials based on such gels have been widely researched. However, as gels are generally weak, the gel-based materials are also often low in strength. Therefore, in this study, we applied the restraint method for adding pyrrole to Agar/HPAAm, which is a self-healing high-strength gel. The synthesized product was a high-strength conductive gel with self-healing abilities. Tensile tests confirmed that the swelling of the synthesized gel caused a low tensile breaking stress. Additionally, electrical conductivity measurements showed that the conductivity was increased by the addition of polypyrrole. These measurements were also carried out after the gel underwent self-healing. 30% of the strength and 54% of the conductivity of the undamaged gel were recovered, indicating the good self-healing performance of the gel proposed in this research.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114573780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-21DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117307
Yuhang Sun, Jing Bai, Debao Zhou
Thin film stretchable sensors are believed to have great applications on devices with curved surface. Among them, electrical skin (e-skin) sensors for pressure measurement have the potential to provide protection to human body by feeding back the contact pressure. One of the applications is to monitor the contact pressure from colonoscope to the colonic wall during a colonoscopy to prevent perforation and hemorrhaging. Many researches have been reported about highly flexible and stretchable e-skin sensors. However, no effort has been made to investigate its performance in a colon simulator. In this work, we developed a new technique to make ultra-thin, highly stretchable electrodes on thin films. Then we successfully built a three-layer tube shaped tactile sensor with high conformability and stretchability. We then investigated the pressure generated by various bending curvatures on a colonoscope. Finally, we performed a real-time pressure measurement with the whole sensing system on a fake colonoscope in a colon-simulator. The measured pressure was obtained and visualized on a computer screen. These experiments validated the applicability of the designed sensor and revealed the actual stress distribution on a tube shaped e-skin sensor array in a colon-simulator. This research could be the starting point of the effort on upgrading the strategies of colonoscopy for safer operations and could provide new routines to optimize tactile sensor design for other medical applications.
{"title":"Fabrication and test of a tube shaped e-skin sensor on a colon simulator","authors":"Yuhang Sun, Jing Bai, Debao Zhou","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117307","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117307","url":null,"abstract":"Thin film stretchable sensors are believed to have great applications on devices with curved surface. Among them, electrical skin (e-skin) sensors for pressure measurement have the potential to provide protection to human body by feeding back the contact pressure. One of the applications is to monitor the contact pressure from colonoscope to the colonic wall during a colonoscopy to prevent perforation and hemorrhaging. Many researches have been reported about highly flexible and stretchable e-skin sensors. However, no effort has been made to investigate its performance in a colon simulator. In this work, we developed a new technique to make ultra-thin, highly stretchable electrodes on thin films. Then we successfully built a three-layer tube shaped tactile sensor with high conformability and stretchability. We then investigated the pressure generated by various bending curvatures on a colonoscope. Finally, we performed a real-time pressure measurement with the whole sensing system on a fake colonoscope in a colon-simulator. The measured pressure was obtained and visualized on a computer screen. These experiments validated the applicability of the designed sensor and revealed the actual stress distribution on a tube shaped e-skin sensor array in a colon-simulator. This research could be the starting point of the effort on upgrading the strategies of colonoscopy for safer operations and could provide new routines to optimize tactile sensor design for other medical applications.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131118210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-25DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117292
A. Gujrati, S. Khanal, T. Jacobs
In atomic force microscopy (AFM) and metrology, it is known that the radius of the scanning tip affects the accuracy of the measurement. However, most techniques for ascertaining tip radius require interruption of the measurement technique to insert a reference standard or to otherwise image the tip. Here we propose an inline technique based on analysis of the power spectral density (PSD) of the topography that is being collected during measurement. By identifying and quantifying artifacts that are known to arise in the power spectrum due to tip blunting, the PSD itself can be used to determine progressive shifts in the radius of the tip. Specifically, using AFM images of an ultrananocrystalline diamond, various trends in measured PSD are demonstrated. First, using more than 200 different measurements of the same material, the variability in the measured PSD is demonstrated. Second, using progressive scans under the same conditions, a systematic shifting of the mid-to-high-frequency data is visible. Third, using three different PSDs, the changes in radii between them were quantitatively determined and compared to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the tips taken immediately after use. The fractional changes in tip radii were detected; the absolute values of the tip radii could be matched between the two techniques, but only with careful selection of a fitting constant. Further work is required to determine the generalizability of the value of this constant. Overall, the proposed approach represents a step towards quantitative and inline determination of the radius of the scanning tip and thus of the reliability of AFM-based measurements.
{"title":"A method for quantitative real-time evaluation of measurement reliability when using atomic force microscopy-based metrology","authors":"A. Gujrati, S. Khanal, T. Jacobs","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117292","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117292","url":null,"abstract":"In atomic force microscopy (AFM) and metrology, it is known that the radius of the scanning tip affects the accuracy of the measurement. However, most techniques for ascertaining tip radius require interruption of the measurement technique to insert a reference standard or to otherwise image the tip. Here we propose an inline technique based on analysis of the power spectral density (PSD) of the topography that is being collected during measurement. By identifying and quantifying artifacts that are known to arise in the power spectrum due to tip blunting, the PSD itself can be used to determine progressive shifts in the radius of the tip. Specifically, using AFM images of an ultrananocrystalline diamond, various trends in measured PSD are demonstrated. First, using more than 200 different measurements of the same material, the variability in the measured PSD is demonstrated. Second, using progressive scans under the same conditions, a systematic shifting of the mid-to-high-frequency data is visible. Third, using three different PSDs, the changes in radii between them were quantitatively determined and compared to transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images of the tips taken immediately after use. The fractional changes in tip radii were detected; the absolute values of the tip radii could be matched between the two techniques, but only with careful selection of a fitting constant. Further work is required to determine the generalizability of the value of this constant. Overall, the proposed approach represents a step towards quantitative and inline determination of the radius of the scanning tip and thus of the reliability of AFM-based measurements.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125576386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-25DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117331
S. Sakai, Y. Iwata, Y. Katogi, M. Shiomura, Y. Kihara, M. Ito, J. Shirakashi
Feedback-controlled electromigration (FCE) has been employed to control metal nanowires with quantized conductance and to create nanogaps. The setting of the experimental parameters based on experiences is a common practice in FCE. However, tuning the optimization of parameters is intractable because trying all different combinations systematically is practically impossible. Therefore, we proposed an optimization process of the FCE parameters using Ising spin model, which can search for the global optimum in a multidimensional solution space within short calculation time. The FCE parameters were determined through a convergence property of the Ising spin model. This result implies that the proposed method is an effective tool for the process optimization of FCE.
{"title":"Optimization of experimental parameters for fabrication of atomic junctions using ground-state searches of Ising spin computing","authors":"S. Sakai, Y. Iwata, Y. Katogi, M. Shiomura, Y. Kihara, M. Ito, J. Shirakashi","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117331","url":null,"abstract":"Feedback-controlled electromigration (FCE) has been employed to control metal nanowires with quantized conductance and to create nanogaps. The setting of the experimental parameters based on experiences is a common practice in FCE. However, tuning the optimization of parameters is intractable because trying all different combinations systematically is practically impossible. Therefore, we proposed an optimization process of the FCE parameters using Ising spin model, which can search for the global optimum in a multidimensional solution space within short calculation time. The FCE parameters were determined through a convergence property of the Ising spin model. This result implies that the proposed method is an effective tool for the process optimization of FCE.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129815244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-25DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117272
Marco R. Bobinger, Stefan Hinterleuthner, M. Becherer, Sherif Keddis, N. Schwesinger, P. Lugli
In this study, we investigate the conversion of light-induced thermal energy to electrical energy by exploiting the piezo- and pyroelectric effect of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Due to the transparency, high conductivity, surface coverage and a facile and scalable deposition process, spray-coated silver nanowire (AgNW) and PEDOT:PSS hybrid films are used as transparent top and bottom electrodes. By adding ethylene glycol, a high boiling point solvent, the conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS films is increased by 5 orders of magnitude, up to 1816 S/cm. For an illuminated area of 8 cm⁁2 and a temperature variation of 5.7 °C, the power output of the PVDF foil reaches 413 nW at a voltage of 4.3 V and a current of 96 nA. These values compare well to the state-of-the-art performance of pyroelectric harvesters based on PVDF. As a possible application, we propose the use of this material system for a self-powered light and temperature sensor node.
在这项研究中，我们研究了利用聚偏氟乙烯(PVDF)的压电和热释电效应将光诱导的热能转化为电能。由于透明、高导电性、表面覆盖以及易于扩展的沉积工艺，喷涂银纳米线(AgNW)和PEDOT:PSS混合薄膜被用作透明的顶部和底部电极。通过加入乙二醇(一种高沸点溶剂)，PEDOT:PSS薄膜的电导率提高了5个数量级，达到1816 S/cm。当光照面积为8 cm × 2，温度变化为5.7℃时，PVDF箔在4.3 V电压和96 nA电流下的输出功率可达413 nW。这些值与基于PVDF的热释电收割机的最先进性能相比较。作为一种可能的应用，我们建议将这种材料系统用于自供电的光和温度传感器节点。
{"title":"Energy harvesting from ambient light using PVDF with highly conductive and transparent silver nanowire/PEDOT:PSS hybride electrodes","authors":"Marco R. Bobinger, Stefan Hinterleuthner, M. Becherer, Sherif Keddis, N. Schwesinger, P. Lugli","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117272","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117272","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, we investigate the conversion of light-induced thermal energy to electrical energy by exploiting the piezo- and pyroelectric effect of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF). Due to the transparency, high conductivity, surface coverage and a facile and scalable deposition process, spray-coated silver nanowire (AgNW) and PEDOT:PSS hybrid films are used as transparent top and bottom electrodes. By adding ethylene glycol, a high boiling point solvent, the conductivity of the PEDOT:PSS films is increased by 5 orders of magnitude, up to 1816 S/cm. For an illuminated area of 8 cm⁁2 and a temperature variation of 5.7 °C, the power output of the PVDF foil reaches 413 nW at a voltage of 4.3 V and a current of 96 nA. These values compare well to the state-of-the-art performance of pyroelectric harvesters based on PVDF. As a possible application, we propose the use of this material system for a self-powered light and temperature sensor node.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124152112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-25DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117335
D. Choi, G. Mallick, S. Karna
We have performed a series of electrical characterizations on single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundle-field effect transistors (FETs) pre- and post-irradiation with low-energy electron beam of 2.5 KeV via scanning electron microscope (SEM). The devices were configured in a geometry where a bundle of SWCNT of approximately 50 nm in diameter was placed across two gold contacts. Current-voltage (I-V) sweep was performed by placing probes on two gold contacts and running a sweep under the gate voltages (Vg) of 0 to 500 mV in 100 mV increments. The characterization shows that our device behaves as a symmetric semiconducting device. In addition, we observe hysteresis behavior between I-V curves under pre-andpost-electron beam irradiation for 30 seconds. We observe that immediately after irradiating our device under the SEM, the maximum current value is lower across the device compared to pre-irradiation value. Furthermore, I-V sweep 17 hours post-irradiation shows higher maximum current value compared to the initial, pre-irradiation value. This behavior of decreased, then increased current values also demonstrate a possible rectifying characteristic of the SWCNT bundle FET device. Additionally, we performed I-V sweep from 0 to 5 V under various gate biases of 0 to 500 mVs. The data reveals that at Vg = 200 mV, there is a sharp break in the current value that is not rectified. The SEM image post-measurement confirms that SWCNT bundle has been completely removed due to the short circuiting of the device during I-V sweep under high gate bias condition. The results presented in this proceeding may prove valueable in research and development of single, as well as bundled SWCNT miniaturized electronic devices and the effects of low-energy radiation on them.
{"title":"Effect of low-energy electron beam irradiation on the current-voltage characteristics of single-walled carbon nanotube field effect transistors","authors":"D. Choi, G. Mallick, S. Karna","doi":"10.1109/NANO.2017.8117335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/NANO.2017.8117335","url":null,"abstract":"We have performed a series of electrical characterizations on single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) bundle-field effect transistors (FETs) pre- and post-irradiation with low-energy electron beam of 2.5 KeV via scanning electron microscope (SEM). The devices were configured in a geometry where a bundle of SWCNT of approximately 50 nm in diameter was placed across two gold contacts. Current-voltage (I-V) sweep was performed by placing probes on two gold contacts and running a sweep under the gate voltages (Vg) of 0 to 500 mV in 100 mV increments. The characterization shows that our device behaves as a symmetric semiconducting device. In addition, we observe hysteresis behavior between I-V curves under pre-andpost-electron beam irradiation for 30 seconds. We observe that immediately after irradiating our device under the SEM, the maximum current value is lower across the device compared to pre-irradiation value. Furthermore, I-V sweep 17 hours post-irradiation shows higher maximum current value compared to the initial, pre-irradiation value. This behavior of decreased, then increased current values also demonstrate a possible rectifying characteristic of the SWCNT bundle FET device. Additionally, we performed I-V sweep from 0 to 5 V under various gate biases of 0 to 500 mVs. The data reveals that at Vg = 200 mV, there is a sharp break in the current value that is not rectified. The SEM image post-measurement confirms that SWCNT bundle has been completely removed due to the short circuiting of the device during I-V sweep under high gate bias condition. The results presented in this proceeding may prove valueable in research and development of single, as well as bundled SWCNT miniaturized electronic devices and the effects of low-energy radiation on them.","PeriodicalId":292399,"journal":{"name":"2017 IEEE 17th International Conference on Nanotechnology (IEEE-NANO)","volume":"470 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133350103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-07-25DOI: 10.1109/NANO.2017.8117387
G. Adam, Bhaswar Chrakrabarti, H. Nili, B. Hoskins, M. Lastras-Montaño, A. Madhavan, M. Payvand, A. Ghofrani, K. Cheng, L. Theogarajan, D. Strukov
As the rapid progress of memristor technology continues, multi-layer stacking of these crossbars is needed in order to maximize the use of vertical space and achieve the required density for high throughput applications. This work summarizes our efforts of designing and building three-dimensional monolithically integrated memristive arrays and crossbars, both standalone and onto CMOS chips. We discuss the fabrication and electrical characterization details of stand-alone and CMOS integrated ReRAM arrays and crossbars together with their use in experimental demonstrations of digital and analog applications such as three-dimensional stateful logic, hardware security primitives and dot-product operations.
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