The application of a high frequency current-fed type active filter for elimination of electrolytic capacitor in the DC link of an inverter is described. The active filter operation has been described, preliminary analysis and design have been made, and simulation studies have been made in detail for a three-phase inverter in PWM and square-wave modes and a single-phase inverter in PWM mode to prove the feasibility of concepts. The study indicates that it is possible to eliminate the unreliable electrolytic capacitor by high frequency active filter.<>
{"title":"Electrolytic capacitor elimination in power electronic system by high frequency active filter","authors":"B. Bose, D. Kastha","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178340","url":null,"abstract":"The application of a high frequency current-fed type active filter for elimination of electrolytic capacitor in the DC link of an inverter is described. The active filter operation has been described, preliminary analysis and design have been made, and simulation studies have been made in detail for a three-phase inverter in PWM and square-wave modes and a single-phase inverter in PWM mode to prove the feasibility of concepts. The study indicates that it is possible to eliminate the unreliable electrolytic capacitor by high frequency active filter.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121714314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new modulation technique for three phase to three phase (3 Phi -3 Phi ) forced commutated cycloconverters (FCCs) is presented. It is based on the space vector representation of the output voltages and input currents in the complex plane. The resultant output line voltages and input phase currents do not contain low frequency harmonics. The input current displacement factor and the converter voltage gain can be freely varied, regardless of the load power factor; the only restriction being the equality of input and output active powers. The modulation technique holds for any input and output frequencies, so that it can be also applied for 3 Phi AC to DC and DC to 3 Phi AC conversion, thus making FCC a universal power conversion module.<>
{"title":"Space vector modulation with unity input power factor for forced commutated cycloconverters","authors":"L. Huber, D. Borojevic","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178363","url":null,"abstract":"A new modulation technique for three phase to three phase (3 Phi -3 Phi ) forced commutated cycloconverters (FCCs) is presented. It is based on the space vector representation of the output voltages and input currents in the complex plane. The resultant output line voltages and input phase currents do not contain low frequency harmonics. The input current displacement factor and the converter voltage gain can be freely varied, regardless of the load power factor; the only restriction being the equality of input and output active powers. The modulation technique holds for any input and output frequencies, so that it can be also applied for 3 Phi AC to DC and DC to 3 Phi AC conversion, thus making FCC a universal power conversion module.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"35 3-4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114045788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A description is presented of a regenerative converter which allows the SCR power structure to operate as a synchronous line commutator, while a 2 transistor series/shunt chopper, with a power resistor, controls the regenerative power flow, and offers an emergency braking capability. In addition, SCR commutation is accomplished by the line voltage and diversion of bus current. Both simulation and experimental results are given.<>
{"title":"Regenerative converter for PWM AC drives","authors":"D. Braun, T. Gilmore, W. Masłowski","doi":"10.1109/28.315227","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/28.315227","url":null,"abstract":"A description is presented of a regenerative converter which allows the SCR power structure to operate as a synchronous line commutator, while a 2 transistor series/shunt chopper, with a power resistor, controls the regenerative power flow, and offers an emergency braking capability. In addition, SCR commutation is accomplished by the line voltage and diversion of bus current. Both simulation and experimental results are given.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125640258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A novel switched reluctance machine, based on the fact that the rotor rolls on the inside of the stator, is described and evaluated. An efficient power converter for controlling the freewheeling energy in its rotor coils requiring only a low number of switches, is also presented. Tests on an experimental model are compared with theoretical calculation. Attention is drawn to the robustness and simplicity of the motor, so that it can be considered for low cost applications where large torque and low speed are required from a gearless construction.<>
{"title":"Drive of a high torque, low speed switched reluctance machine","authors":"J. Reinert, E. D. Smith, J. Enslin","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178164","url":null,"abstract":"A novel switched reluctance machine, based on the fact that the rotor rolls on the inside of the stator, is described and evaluated. An efficient power converter for controlling the freewheeling energy in its rotor coils requiring only a low number of switches, is also presented. Tests on an experimental model are compared with theoretical calculation. Attention is drawn to the robustness and simplicity of the motor, so that it can be considered for low cost applications where large torque and low speed are required from a gearless construction.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133442845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on field acceleration method control of an induction motor and a novel digital PWM (pulse width modulated) inverter technique, a novel induction motor variable-frequency, variable-voltage drive system is presented. Knowing the slip frequency and motor speed, the amplitude of an induction motor terminal voltage can be calculated using a program, and in turn, the time periods of the PWM inverter can also be determined. The control algorithm has been implemented with an Intel 8096 microcontroller. Experimental results, obtained using a 0.5 hp induction motor, demonstrate an excellent speed response characteristic, which confirms the validity of this control strategy.<>
{"title":"8096 microcontroller based field acceleration method control for induction motor with new digital PWM inverter technique","authors":"H. Zhong, A. Behera, M. Rashid","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178084","url":null,"abstract":"Based on field acceleration method control of an induction motor and a novel digital PWM (pulse width modulated) inverter technique, a novel induction motor variable-frequency, variable-voltage drive system is presented. Knowing the slip frequency and motor speed, the amplitude of an induction motor terminal voltage can be calculated using a program, and in turn, the time periods of the PWM inverter can also be determined. The control algorithm has been implemented with an Intel 8096 microcontroller. Experimental results, obtained using a 0.5 hp induction motor, demonstrate an excellent speed response characteristic, which confirms the validity of this control strategy.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133711235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is pointed out that solid-state high-frequency ballasts for fluorescent lamps offer the potential of large energy savings. Depending on the lamp and ballast configuration the savings could be as large as 60%, and this does not include secondary savings, such as air-conditioning (higher-efficiency lamps and ballasts put less heat into the conditioned space). It is noted that most high frequency ballasts today have solved the problems of living with dirty power lines and do not inject large amounts of harmonics back on the power lines. The author discusses how this is done and at what cost. It is argued that the cost is affordable in consideration of the energy reduction capabilities, but more support is needed from the power companies to reduce the payback times for the end user.<>
{"title":"Power quality design implications of high frequency lighting ballasts and controls","authors":"T. Jednacz","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178110","url":null,"abstract":"It is pointed out that solid-state high-frequency ballasts for fluorescent lamps offer the potential of large energy savings. Depending on the lamp and ballast configuration the savings could be as large as 60%, and this does not include secondary savings, such as air-conditioning (higher-efficiency lamps and ballasts put less heat into the conditioned space). It is noted that most high frequency ballasts today have solved the problems of living with dirty power lines and do not inject large amounts of harmonics back on the power lines. The author discusses how this is done and at what cost. It is argued that the cost is affordable in consideration of the energy reduction capabilities, but more support is needed from the power companies to reduce the payback times for the end user.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134175028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The performance of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) in an industrial environment is investigated. A survey is first presented which briefly deals with the general adaptation and suitability of programmable controllers in some Swedish plants. The reasons behind the decision to use or not to use PLCs in safety systems are then investigated. The aspects of a burner control system for a certain boiler are considered. Safety and risk aspects are discussed in terms of reliability, installation, and the human element. The study shows the superiority of PLC systems over conventional relay technology, but also that PLCs are seldom used in safety connections mainly due to nontechnical factors such as human conservatism.<>
{"title":"Performance of logic controllers in industrial environment","authors":"K. Johnsson","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178090","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of programmable logic controllers (PLCs) in an industrial environment is investigated. A survey is first presented which briefly deals with the general adaptation and suitability of programmable controllers in some Swedish plants. The reasons behind the decision to use or not to use PLCs in safety systems are then investigated. The aspects of a burner control system for a certain boiler are considered. Safety and risk aspects are discussed in terms of reliability, installation, and the human element. The study shows the superiority of PLC systems over conventional relay technology, but also that PLCs are seldom used in safety connections mainly due to nontechnical factors such as human conservatism.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134324531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Chang, V. Lau, S. Howe, K. Jogan, P. Looy, T. Beuthe, T.G. Berezin, D. Galicki
High voltage DC electrohydrodynamic atomization characteristics of limestone-water slurries have been investigated experimentally using a hollow needle electrode nozzle. The results show that both the spray angle and the dispersion of the slurry droplets increases with increasing applied voltage. The mean diameter of the droplets decreases with increasing applied voltage. The results also seem to indicate that the applied voltage may also decrease the slurry flow rate from the nozzle in the present gravitationally fed system.<>
{"title":"Characterization of limestone-water slurry droplets generated by electrohydrodynamic atomization","authors":"J. Chang, V. Lau, S. Howe, K. Jogan, P. Looy, T. Beuthe, T.G. Berezin, D. Galicki","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178208","url":null,"abstract":"High voltage DC electrohydrodynamic atomization characteristics of limestone-water slurries have been investigated experimentally using a hollow needle electrode nozzle. The results show that both the spray angle and the dispersion of the slurry droplets increases with increasing applied voltage. The mean diameter of the droplets decreases with increasing applied voltage. The results also seem to indicate that the applied voltage may also decrease the slurry flow rate from the nozzle in the present gravitationally fed system.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"55 1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123138585","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Electronic-controlled gas discharge lighting systems offer efficiency and performance advantages, but to the electric grid they cause nonlinear loads that can cause power quality problems. The author analytically examines the two major concerns: power factor and harmonic distortion. He defines them, demonstrates their independence, and describes their effect on the power lines. It is pointed out that a low power factor results in overcapacity, heavier conductors, and lower efficiency. Problems surrounding harmonic distortion are very similar to those surrounding power factor. Essentially, harmonics contribute to lowering the power factor, resulting in many of the same problems as faced with displacement power factor.<>
{"title":"Effects of high levels of harmonics from lighting equipment and systems","authors":"R. Christiansen","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178114","url":null,"abstract":"Electronic-controlled gas discharge lighting systems offer efficiency and performance advantages, but to the electric grid they cause nonlinear loads that can cause power quality problems. The author analytically examines the two major concerns: power factor and harmonic distortion. He defines them, demonstrates their independence, and describes their effect on the power lines. It is pointed out that a low power factor results in overcapacity, heavier conductors, and lower efficiency. Problems surrounding harmonic distortion are very similar to those surrounding power factor. Essentially, harmonics contribute to lowering the power factor, resulting in many of the same problems as faced with displacement power factor.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"262 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132392370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An approach for monitoring the condition of small permanent-magnet synchronous motors operating under thermal stress is presented. The approach begins with the estimation of temperature-dependent motor parameters from measurement of line voltages and currents. The parameters are then used to derive estimates for motor temperatures. The electrically estimated temperatures are combined with a dynamic thermal model of the motor to yield an observer that is a Kalman filter. The temperatures estimated by the observer are used for failure prevention. By modifying the observer, it is tuned to use the geometric properties of its innovation for failure detection.<>
{"title":"Monitoring the thermal condition of permanent-magnet synchronous motors","authors":"P. Milanfar, J. Lang","doi":"10.1109/IAS.1991.178140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IAS.1991.178140","url":null,"abstract":"An approach for monitoring the condition of small permanent-magnet synchronous motors operating under thermal stress is presented. The approach begins with the estimation of temperature-dependent motor parameters from measurement of line voltages and currents. The parameters are then used to derive estimates for motor temperatures. The electrically estimated temperatures are combined with a dynamic thermal model of the motor to yield an observer that is a Kalman filter. The temperatures estimated by the observer are used for failure prevention. By modifying the observer, it is tuned to use the geometric properties of its innovation for failure detection.<<ETX>>","PeriodicalId":294244,"journal":{"name":"Conference Record of the 1991 IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1991-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132211667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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