Pub Date : 2018-06-12DOI: 10.2174/2213529404666180612074945
Anika Guliani and Amitabha Acharya
Nanomaterials offer significant advantages in delivery of different biomolecules which suffer from drawbacks like poor bioavailability, low stability and retention time, degradation in biological systemsetc. Nanotechnological approach has shown promising results for the sustained release of these biomolecules with minimal toxicity concerns. The present review describes a comprehensive outlook of the different nanomaterials used for the delivery of these biomolecules.Current literature reports related to protein, peptide and gene delivery agents have been reviewed and classified according to their applications.Studies suggested that the nanomaterial based delivery agents can be broadly classified in to five categories which include metallic NPs, polymeric NPs, magnetic NPs, liposomes and micelles. All these materials provided significant improvement in the targeted delivery of biomolecules.Concerns regarding the bioavailability, stability and delivery of proteins, peptides, genes need to be investigated to improve their therapeutic potential in the biological milieu. The use of nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles may avoid undesirable hazards and may increase their pharmaceutical efficacy.
{"title":"Nanomaterials as Protein, Peptide and Gene Delivery Agents","authors":"Anika Guliani and Amitabha Acharya","doi":"10.2174/2213529404666180612074945","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/2213529404666180612074945","url":null,"abstract":"Nanomaterials offer significant advantages in delivery of different biomolecules which suffer from drawbacks like poor bioavailability, low stability and retention time, degradation in biological systemsetc. Nanotechnological approach has shown promising results for the sustained release of these biomolecules with minimal toxicity concerns. The present review describes a comprehensive outlook of the different nanomaterials used for the delivery of these biomolecules.Current literature reports related to protein, peptide and gene delivery agents have been reviewed and classified according to their applications.Studies suggested that the nanomaterial based delivery agents can be broadly classified in to five categories which include metallic NPs, polymeric NPs, magnetic NPs, liposomes and micelles. All these materials provided significant improvement in the targeted delivery of biomolecules.Concerns regarding the bioavailability, stability and delivery of proteins, peptides, genes need to be investigated to improve their therapeutic potential in the biological milieu. The use of nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles may avoid undesirable hazards and may increase their pharmaceutical efficacy.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"243 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116159073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-11DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010095
Narin Kijkriengkraikul, I. Nuchprayoon
The purpose of this study is to investigate a simple method with the optimum condition for rapid thrombin preparation from Cryoprecipitate-depleted Plasma (CDP) using RVV-X in the process. Thrombin preparation from human CDP was studied with the presence of different factors in batch condition including: 1) RVV-X; 2) volume of calcium chloride solution; 3) volume of sodium chloride solution for final extraction; and 4) incubation time. The properties of the prepared sample were analyzed for fibrin clot formation, total protein by Kjeldahl method, thrombin time, molecular weight and protein patterns by SDS-PAGE, and thrombin concentration by coagulation analyzer. The method and process of preparing thrombin and the study of optimum condition for rapidly preparing the highest yield of thrombin from starting CDP 100 ml were introduced. The best four conditions were concluded: 1) RVV-X 50 mcg should be present in the process; 2) volume of 0.25 M calcium chloride should be 3 ml; 3) volume of 0.85% sodium chloride for the final protein precipitate extraction should be 10 ml and; 4) no incubation time needed for prothrombin activation process. A solution prepared from the optimum condition showed an obvious band on SDS-PAGE at a molecular weight about 36,000 Da which is our target protein thrombin. The prepared solution had a total protein content of 0.065 g/dl and gave satisfactory results of thrombin time (9 seconds) and fibrin clot formation. The test results of thrombin concentration between the method with and without incubation time were 269.4 and 295.2 IU/ml, respectively. This result showed that the method with RVV-X but without incubation time for prothrombin activation (optimum condition) gave the highest yield of thrombin.
{"title":"Study of Optimum Condition for Rapid Preparation of Thrombin using Russell’s Viper Venom Factor X Activator","authors":"Narin Kijkriengkraikul, I. Nuchprayoon","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010095","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The purpose of this study is to investigate a simple method with the optimum condition for rapid thrombin preparation from Cryoprecipitate-depleted Plasma (CDP) using RVV-X in the process.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Thrombin preparation from human CDP was studied with the presence of different factors in batch condition including: 1) RVV-X; 2) volume of calcium chloride solution; 3) volume of sodium chloride solution for final extraction; and 4) incubation time. The properties of the prepared sample were analyzed for fibrin clot formation, total protein by Kjeldahl method, thrombin time, molecular weight and protein patterns by SDS-PAGE, and thrombin concentration by coagulation analyzer. The method and process of preparing thrombin and the study of optimum condition for rapidly preparing the highest yield of thrombin from starting CDP 100 ml were introduced.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The best four conditions were concluded: 1) RVV-X 50 mcg should be present in the process; 2) volume of 0.25 M calcium chloride should be 3 ml; 3) volume of 0.85% sodium chloride for the final protein precipitate extraction should be 10 ml and; 4) no incubation time needed for prothrombin activation process. A solution prepared from the optimum condition showed an obvious band on SDS-PAGE at a molecular weight about 36,000 Da which is our target protein thrombin. The prepared solution had a total protein content of 0.065 g/dl and gave satisfactory results of thrombin time (9 seconds) and fibrin clot formation. The test results of thrombin concentration between the method with and without incubation time were 269.4 and 295.2 IU/ml, respectively.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 This result showed that the method with RVV-X but without incubation time for prothrombin activation (optimum condition) gave the highest yield of thrombin.\u0000","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129497592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-31DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010086
E. Calabrò, S. Magazù
This paper would be a starting point addressed to a methodology to minimize the effects on livings of man made Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) pollution.Given that previous literature highlighted that the most relevant EMFs effects on biological systems can be due to resonance phenomena between electromagnetic field and organic matter, it was proposed here an algorithm to obtain values of frequencies of an applied electromagnetic field far from resonant frequencies, depending on the natural frequencies and viscous damper of a biological system. These frequencies have been named non-resonant frequencies.The displacement of the α-helices in cellular membrane channels due to EMFs has been proposed as a relevant parameter for quantifying the result of the interaction between an applied EMF and organic matter, in order to find both the natural frequencies of a biological system and the resonant frequencies at which α-helices displacement should be maximum.The non-resonant frequencies can be obtained using the algorithm proposed here.
{"title":"Non-Resonant Frequencies of Electromagnetic Fields in α-Helices Cellular Membrane Channels","authors":"E. Calabrò, S. Magazù","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010086","url":null,"abstract":"This paper would be a starting point addressed to a methodology to minimize the effects on livings of man made Electromagnetic Fields (EMFs) pollution.Given that previous literature highlighted that the most relevant EMFs effects on biological systems can be due to resonance phenomena between electromagnetic field and organic matter, it was proposed here an algorithm to obtain values of frequencies of an applied electromagnetic field far from resonant frequencies, depending on the natural frequencies and viscous damper of a biological system. These frequencies have been named non-resonant frequencies.The displacement of the α-helices in cellular membrane channels due to EMFs has been proposed as a relevant parameter for quantifying the result of the interaction between an applied EMF and organic matter, in order to find both the natural frequencies of a biological system and the resonant frequencies at which α-helices displacement should be maximum.The non-resonant frequencies can be obtained using the algorithm proposed here.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"515 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132720187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-25DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010078
L. Phuc, T. Sasaki, Hisayo Shimizu, N. Huyen, N. T. Thuy, L. Huan, A. Taniguchi
RESEARCH ARTICLE Enhancement of Recombinant Antibody Expression Level by Growth Controlled Medium Le Thi Minh Phuc, Tetsuji Sasaki, Hisayo Shimizu, Nguyen Thi Minh Huyen, Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy, Le Quang Huan and Akiyoshi Taniguchi Cellular Functional Nanomaterials Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd. 3333-26 Aza-Asayama, Kamitezuna, Takahagi-shi, Ibaraki 318-0004, Japan
{"title":"Enhancement of Recombinant Antibody Expression Level by Growth Controlled Medium","authors":"L. Phuc, T. Sasaki, Hisayo Shimizu, N. Huyen, N. T. Thuy, L. Huan, A. Taniguchi","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010078","url":null,"abstract":"RESEARCH ARTICLE Enhancement of Recombinant Antibody Expression Level by Growth Controlled Medium Le Thi Minh Phuc, Tetsuji Sasaki, Hisayo Shimizu, Nguyen Thi Minh Huyen, Nguyen Thi Thu Thuy, Le Quang Huan and Akiyoshi Taniguchi Cellular Functional Nanomaterials Group, Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay, Hanoi, Vietnam Kyokuto Pharmaceutical Industrial Co., Ltd. 3333-26 Aza-Asayama, Kamitezuna, Takahagi-shi, Ibaraki 318-0004, Japan","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116244192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-30DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010046
Daryoush Asgarpoor, F. Haghi, H. Zeighami
Methods: A total of 70 individual wild shrimp samples were collected from shrimp retail outlets in Zanjan, Iran and investigated for the presence of potentially pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus.The shrimp samples were immediately homogenized and cultured on TCBS agarand subjected to confirmatory biochemical tests. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for detection of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus by amplification of vp–toxR,tdh and trh genes.
{"title":"Detection and Molecular Characterization of Vibrio Parahaemolyticus in Shrimp Samples","authors":"Daryoush Asgarpoor, F. Haghi, H. Zeighami","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010046","url":null,"abstract":"Methods: A total of 70 individual wild shrimp samples were collected from shrimp retail outlets in Zanjan, Iran and investigated for the presence of potentially pathogenic strains of V. parahaemolyticus.The shrimp samples were immediately homogenized and cultured on TCBS agarand subjected to confirmatory biochemical tests. Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was performed for detection of total and pathogenic V. parahaemolyticus by amplification of vp–toxR,tdh and trh genes.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121941860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-30DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010051
S. Ceasar
Phosphorus (P) is an important macronutrient affecting the growth and yield of all crop plants. Plants absorb P from the soil solution as inorganic phosphate (Pi). More than 70% of the arable land is deficient of Pi which demands the supply of an external source of synthetic P fertilizers to improve the yields. The P fertilizers are manufactured from non-renewable rock phosphate reserves which are expected to be exhausted within the next 100-200 years. This poses a great threat to food security since it is very difficult to meet the food production caused by increasing world population without the supply of an adequate P fertilizer. Several efforts have been made in the past decade to understand the mechanism of Pi uptake and its redistribution in plants. In this minireview, we discuss the details on possible strategies to combat the crisis caused by loss of phosphate rock reserves and to improve the crop yield without much dependency on external P fertilizer. Approaches such as application of functional genomics studies to manipulate the expression levels of key transcription factors and genes involved in low Pi stress tolerance, molecular marker-assisted breeding to develop new varieties with improved yields under Pi-deficient soils and to recapture the Pi released in wastewaters for recycling back to the farm lands, will help improve the crop production without depending much on non-renewable P fertilizers and will also aid for the sustainable food production.
{"title":"Feeding World Population Amidst Depleting Phosphate Reserves: The Role of Biotechnological Interventions","authors":"S. Ceasar","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010051","url":null,"abstract":"Phosphorus (P) is an important macronutrient affecting the growth and yield of all crop plants. Plants absorb P from the soil solution as inorganic phosphate (Pi). More than 70% of the arable land is deficient of Pi which demands the supply of an external source of synthetic P fertilizers to improve the yields. The P fertilizers are manufactured from non-renewable rock phosphate reserves which are expected to be exhausted within the next 100-200 years. This poses a great threat to food security since it is very difficult to meet the food production caused by increasing world population without the supply of an adequate P fertilizer. Several efforts have been made in the past decade to understand the mechanism of Pi uptake and its redistribution in plants. In this minireview, we discuss the details on possible strategies to combat the crisis caused by loss of phosphate rock reserves and to improve the crop yield without much dependency on external P fertilizer. Approaches such as application of functional genomics studies to manipulate the expression levels of key transcription factors and genes involved in low Pi stress tolerance, molecular marker-assisted breeding to develop new varieties with improved yields under Pi-deficient soils and to recapture the Pi released in wastewaters for recycling back to the farm lands, will help improve the crop production without depending much on non-renewable P fertilizers and will also aid for the sustainable food production.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131128128","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-30DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010033
K. R. Oluoch, P. Okanya, R. Hatti-Kaul, B. Mattiasson, F. Mulaa
Background: Alkaline enzymes are stable biocatalysts with potential applications in industrial technologies that offer high quality products. Objective: The growing demand for alkaline enzymes in industry has enhanced the search for microorganisms that produce these enzymes. Methods: Eighteen bacterial isolates from Lake Bogoria, Kenya, were screened for alkaline proteases, pectinases and amylases; characterized and subjected to quantitative analysis of the enzymes they produced. Results: The screening analysis ranked 14, 16 and 18 of the bacterial isolates as potent producers of alkaline proteases, pectinases and amylases, respectively. The isolates were classified into two groups: Group 1 (16 isolates) were facultatively alkaliphilic B. halodurans while group 2 (2 isolates) were obligately alkaliphilic B. pseudofirmus. Further analysis revealed that group 1 isolates were divided into two sub-groups, with sub-group I (4 isolates) being a phenotypic variant sub-population of sub-group II (12 isolates). Variation between the two populations was also observed in their enzymatic production profiles e.g. sub-group I isolates did not produce alkaline proteolytic enzymes while those in sub-group II did so (0.01-0.36 U/ml). Furthermore, they produced higher levels of the alkaline pectinolytic enzyme polygalacturonase (0.12-0.46 U/ml) compared to sub-group II isolates (0.05-0.10 U/ml), which also produced another pectinolytic enzyme-pectate lyase (0.01 U/ml). No clear distinction was however, observed in the production profiles of alkaline amylolytic enzymes by the isolates in the two sub-populations [0.20-0.40 U/ml (amylases), 0.24-0.68 U/ml (pullulanases) and 0.01-0.03 U/ml (cyclodextrin glycosyl transferases)]. On the other hand, group 2 isolates were phenotypically identical to one another and also produced similar amounts of proteolytic (0.38, 0.40 U/ml) and amylolytic [amylases (0.06, 0.1 U/ml), pullulanases (0.06, 0.09 U/ml) and cyclodextrin glycosyl transferases (0.01, 0.02 U/ml)] enzymes. Conclusion: The facultatively alkaliphilic B. halodurans and obligately alkaliphilic B. pseudofirmus isolates are attractive biotechnological sources of industrially important alkaline enzymes. (Less)
{"title":"Protease-, pectinase-and amylase-producing bacteria from a Kenyan soda lake","authors":"K. R. Oluoch, P. Okanya, R. Hatti-Kaul, B. Mattiasson, F. Mulaa","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010033","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Alkaline enzymes are stable biocatalysts with potential applications in industrial technologies that offer high quality products. Objective: The growing demand for alkaline enzymes in industry has enhanced the search for microorganisms that produce these enzymes. Methods: Eighteen bacterial isolates from Lake Bogoria, Kenya, were screened for alkaline proteases, pectinases and amylases; characterized and subjected to quantitative analysis of the enzymes they produced. Results: The screening analysis ranked 14, 16 and 18 of the bacterial isolates as potent producers of alkaline proteases, pectinases and amylases, respectively. The isolates were classified into two groups: Group 1 (16 isolates) were facultatively alkaliphilic B. halodurans while group 2 (2 isolates) were obligately alkaliphilic B. pseudofirmus. Further analysis revealed that group 1 isolates were divided into two sub-groups, with sub-group I (4 isolates) being a phenotypic variant sub-population of sub-group II (12 isolates). Variation between the two populations was also observed in their enzymatic production profiles e.g. sub-group I isolates did not produce alkaline proteolytic enzymes while those in sub-group II did so (0.01-0.36 U/ml). Furthermore, they produced higher levels of the alkaline pectinolytic enzyme polygalacturonase (0.12-0.46 U/ml) compared to sub-group II isolates (0.05-0.10 U/ml), which also produced another pectinolytic enzyme-pectate lyase (0.01 U/ml). No clear distinction was however, observed in the production profiles of alkaline amylolytic enzymes by the isolates in the two sub-populations [0.20-0.40 U/ml (amylases), 0.24-0.68 U/ml (pullulanases) and 0.01-0.03 U/ml (cyclodextrin glycosyl transferases)]. On the other hand, group 2 isolates were phenotypically identical to one another and also produced similar amounts of proteolytic (0.38, 0.40 U/ml) and amylolytic [amylases (0.06, 0.1 U/ml), pullulanases (0.06, 0.09 U/ml) and cyclodextrin glycosyl transferases (0.01, 0.02 U/ml)] enzymes. Conclusion: The facultatively alkaliphilic B. halodurans and obligately alkaliphilic B. pseudofirmus isolates are attractive biotechnological sources of industrially important alkaline enzymes. (Less)","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127942999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-04-30DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010056
M. M. Naguib, A. El-Gendy, A. Khairalla
REVIEW ARTICLE Microbial Diversity of Mer Operon Genes and Their Potential Rules in Mercury Bioremediation and Resistance Martha M. Naguib, Ahmed O. El-Gendy and Ahmed S. Khairalla Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Post Graduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
Mer操纵子基因的微生物多样性及其在汞生物修复和耐药性中的潜在规律Martha M. Naguib, Ahmed O. El-Gendy和Ahmed S. Khairalla Beni-Suef大学高级科学研究生院生物技术与生命科学系，Beni-Suef 62511，埃及Beni-Suef大学药学院微生物学与免疫学系，Beni-Suef 62511，埃及
{"title":"Microbial Diversity of Mer Operon Genes and Their Potential Rules in Mercury Bioremediation and Resistance","authors":"M. M. Naguib, A. El-Gendy, A. Khairalla","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010056","url":null,"abstract":"REVIEW ARTICLE Microbial Diversity of Mer Operon Genes and Their Potential Rules in Mercury Bioremediation and Resistance Martha M. Naguib, Ahmed O. El-Gendy and Ahmed S. Khairalla Department of Biotechnology and Life Sciences, Faculty of Post Graduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"297 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125756131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-03-21DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010025
Y. Tumbarski, A. Lante, A. Krastanov
Bacteriocins are biologically active compounds produced by a large number of bacteria, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which exhibit antimicrobial activity against various saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms. In recent decades, bacteriocins are increasingly becoming more important in different branches of the industry due to their broad antibacterial and antifungal spectrum in the food industry for natural food preservation and expiry date extension; in the health sector for preparation of probiotic foods and beverages; in the clinical practice as alternatives of conventional antibiotics; in the agriculture as biocontrol agents of plant pathogens and alternatives of chemical pesticides for plant protection. The broad antimicrobial spectrum of bacteriocins has stimulated the research attention on their application mainly in the food industry as natural preservatives. Most scientific achievements concerning the application food biopreservation are related to bacteriocins produced by LAB. The lactic acid bacteria bacteriocins can be produced in the food substrate during its natural fermentation or can be added in the food products after obtaining by in vitro fermentations under optimal physical and chemical conditions. Moreover, the immobilization of LAB bacteriocins on different matrices of organic and inorganic origin has been proposed as an advanced approach in the natural food preservation for their specific antimicrobial activity, anti-biofilm properties and potential use as tools for pathogen detection.
{"title":"Immobilization of Bacteriocins from Lactic Acid Bacteria and Possibilities for Application in Food Biopreservation","authors":"Y. Tumbarski, A. Lante, A. Krastanov","doi":"10.2174/1874070701812010025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070701812010025","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteriocins are biologically active compounds produced by a large number of bacteria, including lactic acid bacteria (LAB), which exhibit antimicrobial activity against various saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms. In recent decades, bacteriocins are increasingly becoming more important in different branches of the industry due to their broad antibacterial and antifungal spectrum in the food industry for natural food preservation and expiry date extension; in the health sector for preparation of probiotic foods and beverages; in the clinical practice as alternatives of conventional antibiotics; in the agriculture as biocontrol agents of plant pathogens and alternatives of chemical pesticides for plant protection. The broad antimicrobial spectrum of bacteriocins has stimulated the research attention on their application mainly in the food industry as natural preservatives. Most scientific achievements concerning the application food biopreservation are related to bacteriocins produced by LAB. The lactic acid bacteria bacteriocins can be produced in the food substrate during its natural fermentation or can be added in the food products after obtaining by in vitro fermentations under optimal physical and chemical conditions. Moreover, the immobilization of LAB bacteriocins on different matrices of organic and inorganic origin has been proposed as an advanced approach in the natural food preservation for their specific antimicrobial activity, anti-biofilm properties and potential use as tools for pathogen detection.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121771538","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-02-28DOI: 10.2174/1874070701812010001
A. Adeeyo, J. Odiyo, K. Odelade
RESEARCH ARTICLE Chemical Profiling and Antimicrobial Properties of Phyto-Active Extracts from Terminalia glaucescens Stem Against Water Microbial Contaminants Adeyemi Ojutalayo Adeeyo, John Odiyo and Kehinde Odelade Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, P.M.B 4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria School of Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou 0950, South Africa
研究论文:黄连茎植物活性提取物对水体微生物污染物的化学特征分析及抗菌性能b4000，尼日利亚奥约州Ogbomoso，文达大学环境科学学院，Private Bag X5050，南非Thohoyandou 0950
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