Pub Date : 2021-03-31DOI: 10.2174/1874070702115010071
A. Bhatt, Darshankumar Prajapati, A. Gupte
Nitriles are organic compounds consisting of −C≡N group. They are frequently known to occur in nature and as intermediate by-products and waste products of various chemical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural industries. They are also found in fruit pits, cabbage, cauliflower, and sprouts, which are released upon hydrolysis. Nitrile converting enzymes like nitrilases have been extracted from microorganisms and plants. Nitrilasemediated biocatalysis reactions have continuously aroused widespread interest to scientists and entrepreneurs in organic synthesis. Nitrile converting biocatalysts (Nitrilases) are now of substantial industrial interest from the perspective of treating toxic nitrile and cyanide-containing compounds. Nitrile degrading enzymes generally consist of nitrilases and amidases. The aim of the current review is to summarize the recent advancements on regioselective nitrilases concerning their fundamental researches and their application in the synthesis of series of high-value fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The present review also focuses on the utility of nitrile converting enzyme, sources, properties, classification, structure, and applications as well.
{"title":"Current Status and Future of Nitrile Catalysis using Key Nitrilases Enzymes and their Biotechnological Impact","authors":"A. Bhatt, Darshankumar Prajapati, A. Gupte","doi":"10.2174/1874070702115010071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702115010071","url":null,"abstract":"Nitriles are organic compounds consisting of −C≡N group. They are frequently known to occur in nature and as intermediate by-products and waste products of various chemical, pharmaceutical, and agricultural industries. They are also found in fruit pits, cabbage, cauliflower, and sprouts, which are released upon hydrolysis. Nitrile converting enzymes like nitrilases have been extracted from microorganisms and plants. Nitrilasemediated biocatalysis reactions have continuously aroused widespread interest to scientists and entrepreneurs in organic synthesis. Nitrile converting biocatalysts (Nitrilases) are now of substantial industrial interest from the perspective of treating toxic nitrile and cyanide-containing compounds. Nitrile degrading enzymes generally consist of nitrilases and amidases. The aim of the current review is to summarize the recent advancements on regioselective nitrilases concerning their fundamental researches and their application in the synthesis of series of high-value fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. The present review also focuses on the utility of nitrile converting enzyme, sources, properties, classification, structure, and applications as well.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133869618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-03-18DOI: 10.2174/1874070702115010019
L. Thamaga, O. Ruzvidzo, T. Dikobe
Drought is the main abiotic stress responsible for crop loss worldwide. Maize (Zea mays L.) is a widely grown drought-sensitive crop used as a staple food by the growing population. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the molecular mechanisms behind drought response and tolerance in maize. Transcriptomic profiling of abiotic stress responsive pathways in various crops appeared to be an unreliable approach due to posttranscriptional modifications, while there is limited published data on molecular mechanisms of osmotic-stress response in maize. Hence our study aimed at profiling osmotic stress responsive proteins augmented by their associated morphological features in Z. mays.
{"title":"Morphological and Proteomic Evaluation of Zea Mays in Response to Osmotic Stress","authors":"L. Thamaga, O. Ruzvidzo, T. Dikobe","doi":"10.2174/1874070702115010019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702115010019","url":null,"abstract":"Drought is the main abiotic stress responsible for crop loss worldwide. Maize (Zea mays L.) is a widely grown drought-sensitive crop used as a staple food by the growing population. Therefore, it is imperative to assess the molecular mechanisms behind drought response and tolerance in maize. Transcriptomic profiling of abiotic stress responsive pathways in various crops appeared to be an unreliable approach due to posttranscriptional modifications, while there is limited published data on molecular mechanisms of osmotic-stress response in maize. Hence our study aimed at profiling osmotic stress responsive proteins augmented by their associated morphological features in Z. mays.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121756380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-02-12DOI: 10.2174/1874070702115010012
S. Romanazzo, K. Uesugi, A. Taniguchi, G. Forte, K. Morishima
Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan Cell-Materials Interaction Group, Biomaterials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawacho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 316-8511, Japan Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Center (ICRC) of St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan
{"title":"Measurement of the Bio-Mechanical Properties of Two Different Feeder Layer Cells","authors":"S. Romanazzo, K. Uesugi, A. Taniguchi, G. Forte, K. Morishima","doi":"10.2174/1874070702115010012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702115010012","url":null,"abstract":"Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan Cell-Materials Interaction Group, Biomaterials Unit, International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Tsukuba, Japan School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales (UNSW), Sydney, Australia Graduate School of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka, 565-0871, Japan Department of Mechanical Systems Engineering, Ibaraki University, 4-12-1 Nakanarusawacho, Hitachi, Ibaraki, 316-8511, Japan Center for Translational Medicine (CTM), International Clinical Research Center (ICRC) of St. Anne's University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic The Center for Advanced Medical Engineering and Informatics, Osaka University, Yamadaoka, Suita, Japan","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"80 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114320849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-31DOI: 10.2174/1874070702014010145
R. Mohammadi, M. Khoobdel, Ali Asghar Talebi, M. Negahban, M. Norani, M. Moradi, O. Dehghan
The present study aimed to prepare Nanoemulsions of Mentha piperita and Eucalyptus globulus essential oils and comparison of the repellant activity of them with normal essential oils and DEET in the field conditions. To determine the protection and failure time of the essential oils and DEET in the field condition against natural population of night biting culicid mosquitoes, 4 human volunteers participated in night biting test. GC-MS was used to determine the essential oil components and the Dynamic Light Scattering device was used to measure droplet size and zeta potential. The relative abundance of more common species captured in this study was 40.09% and 31.65% for Anopheles superpictus, and Culex pipiens, respectively. Based on the results, the protection time of nanoemulsions of M. piperita 50% against night biting mosquitoes was 4.96±0.21 h. Also, the protection for nanoemulsions essential oil 50% of E. globulus was 6.06±0.20 h. Comparison of the results showed that the protection time of nanoemulsions of M. piperita and E. globulus was significantly higher than of their normal essential oils (P˂0.01). Also, the protection time of DEET (as a gold standard) was significantly higher than of normal essential oil and nanoemulsions of M. piperita (P˂0.01), but there is no significant difference between DEET and nanoemulsions of E. globulus (P˃0.01). Due to the safety and biocompatibility of the nanoessential oils, and also relatively adequate and acceptable protection time, nanoemulsions of E. globulus and probably M. piperita can be considered as good repellents. It is recommended to do more research on these nanoemulsion repellents, as they may be good alternatives to DEET.
{"title":"In vivo Evaluation of the Repellency Effects of Nanoemulsion of Mentha piperita and Eucalyptus globulus Essential Oils against mosquitoes","authors":"R. Mohammadi, M. Khoobdel, Ali Asghar Talebi, M. Negahban, M. Norani, M. Moradi, O. Dehghan","doi":"10.2174/1874070702014010145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702014010145","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 The present study aimed to prepare Nanoemulsions of Mentha piperita and Eucalyptus globulus essential oils and comparison of the repellant activity of them with normal essential oils and DEET in the field conditions.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 To determine the protection and failure time of the essential oils and DEET in the field condition against natural population of night biting culicid mosquitoes, 4 human volunteers participated in night biting test. GC-MS was used to determine the essential oil components and the Dynamic Light Scattering device was used to measure droplet size and zeta potential.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The relative abundance of more common species captured in this study was 40.09% and 31.65% for Anopheles superpictus, and Culex pipiens, respectively. Based on the results, the protection time of nanoemulsions of M. piperita 50% against night biting mosquitoes was 4.96±0.21 h. Also, the protection for nanoemulsions essential oil 50% of E. globulus was 6.06±0.20 h. Comparison of the results showed that the protection time of nanoemulsions of M. piperita and E. globulus was significantly higher than of their normal essential oils (P˂0.01). Also, the protection time of DEET (as a gold standard) was significantly higher than of normal essential oil and nanoemulsions of M. piperita (P˂0.01), but there is no significant difference between DEET and nanoemulsions of E. globulus (P˃0.01).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Due to the safety and biocompatibility of the nanoessential oils, and also relatively adequate and acceptable protection time, nanoemulsions of E. globulus and probably M. piperita can be considered as good repellents. It is recommended to do more research on these nanoemulsion repellents, as they may be good alternatives to DEET.\u0000","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117328297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-22DOI: 10.2174/1874070702014010113
A. Fehaid, R. Fujii, Takeshi Sato, A. Taniguchi
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a dual effect showing both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects; however, the molecular mechanism of their anti-inflammatory effect is not clearly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of AgNPs on the inflammatory response. We induced an inflammatory response in a lung epithelial cell line using tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) as an in vitro inflammatory model. Then the effect of AgNPs on the TNFα-induced inflammatory response was observed. The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) showed upregulation of IL-1β by AgNPs alone. However, AgNPs reduced the TNFα-induced upregulation of IL-1β and IL-18. AgNPs reduced the TNFα-induced NF-KB response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, Nod Like Receptor Family-Pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) gene expression, and caspase-1 activation, indicating that the anti-inflammatory effect of AgNPs was by inhibition of both NF-KB transcriptional and inflammasome pathways. Conversely, AgNPs alone induced the activation of both NF-KB transcriptional and inflammasome pathways, suggesting their involvement in the molecular mechanism of the inflammatory effect of AgNPs. Altogether, these findings show that two different pathways are involved in the molecular mechanism of both the dose-dependent inflammatory effect of AgNPs alone and the anti-inflammatory effect of AgNPs against the TNFα-induced inflammatory response. Understanding this mechanism will help to improve the medical applications of AgNPs and suggest their potential as a TNFα inhibitor to treat TNFα-induced inflammatory diseases.
{"title":"Silver Nanoparticles Affect the Inflammatory Response in a Lung Epithelial Cell Line","authors":"A. Fehaid, R. Fujii, Takeshi Sato, A. Taniguchi","doi":"10.2174/1874070702014010113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702014010113","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have a dual effect showing both inflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects; however, the molecular mechanism of their anti-inflammatory effect is not clearly understood. In this study, we investigated the effect of AgNPs on the inflammatory response.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 We induced an inflammatory response in a lung epithelial cell line using tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) as an in vitro inflammatory model. Then the effect of AgNPs on the TNFα-induced inflammatory response was observed.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and IL-18) showed upregulation of IL-1β by AgNPs alone. However, AgNPs reduced the TNFα-induced upregulation of IL-1β and IL-18. AgNPs reduced the TNFα-induced NF-KB response, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, Nod Like Receptor Family-Pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) gene expression, and caspase-1 activation, indicating that the anti-inflammatory effect of AgNPs was by inhibition of both NF-KB transcriptional and inflammasome pathways. Conversely, AgNPs alone induced the activation of both NF-KB transcriptional and inflammasome pathways, suggesting their involvement in the molecular mechanism of the inflammatory effect of AgNPs.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Altogether, these findings show that two different pathways are involved in the molecular mechanism of both the dose-dependent inflammatory effect of AgNPs alone and the anti-inflammatory effect of AgNPs against the TNFα-induced inflammatory response. Understanding this mechanism will help to improve the medical applications of AgNPs and suggest their potential as a TNFα inhibitor to treat TNFα-induced inflammatory diseases.\u0000","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130347194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-11-02DOI: 10.2174/1874070702014010134
Getachew Amare
Proper nutrition is one of the factors which is limiting onion production. Onion yield and quality is affected by fertilization of macro and micro nutrients. Mineral nutrients, Nitrogen, phosphorous and Potassium are macronutrients which significantly affect onion production. Nitrogen and phosphorous fertilization significantly affect growth, yield and quality of onion. The requirement of mineral fertilizer varies from place to place, depending on different factors in the growing areas. Effective use of N, P and K fertilizer depends on soil condition, irrigation system, climatic factors and management factors. In all different research reports, it is described that onion is a heavy feeder for N, P, K and the application of these mineral elements enhance production significantly. The quality of onion, physiology and production is highly limited by fertilization of N, P and K fertilizers. Therefore, in this review the effect of mineral nutrition on growth, physiology and yield of onion are discussed and examined in detail.
{"title":"Review on Mineral Nutrition of Onion (Allium cepa L)","authors":"Getachew Amare","doi":"10.2174/1874070702014010134","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702014010134","url":null,"abstract":"Proper nutrition is one of the factors which is limiting onion production. Onion yield and quality is affected by fertilization of macro and micro nutrients. Mineral nutrients, Nitrogen, phosphorous and Potassium are macronutrients which significantly affect onion production. Nitrogen and phosphorous fertilization significantly affect growth, yield and quality of onion. The requirement of mineral fertilizer varies from place to place, depending on different factors in the growing areas. Effective use of N, P and K fertilizer depends on soil condition, irrigation system, climatic factors and management factors. In all different research reports, it is described that onion is a heavy feeder for N, P, K and the application of these mineral elements enhance production significantly. The quality of onion, physiology and production is highly limited by fertilization of N, P and K fertilizers. Therefore, in this review the effect of mineral nutrition on growth, physiology and yield of onion are discussed and examined in detail.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"81 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130949766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-08DOI: 10.2174/1874070702014010107
A. Mittal, R. Bhardwaj, P. Mishra, S. Rajput
Overuse and misuse of antibiotics are the first risk factors for the development of antibiotics resistance. Inadequate professional competence of health care physicians might worsen the complications associated with antibiotics resistance. Antibiotic resistance is a global issue; however, the epicenter of this misfortune is Asian regions due to the easy accessibility of the strongest antibiotics without prescriptions or diagnoses. High effectiveness and easy accessibility of antibiotics lead to overuse/misuse and encouraging bacteria to develop the resistance. The over-usage and mis-usage of antibiotics are antibiotic abuse, which increase the potentially serious impact on human health. Bestowing to WHO guidelines, the resistance has led to spread worldwide and classifying resistance is a serious health problem. Furthermore, resistance claims uncertainty to predict the future. This review summarizes the major antibiotics involved in drug resistance, mechanism, prescribed dosage with a disease condition, proposed policies and guidelines to combat antibiotic resistance associated problems.
{"title":"Antimicrobials Misuse/Overuse: Adverse Effect, Mechanism, Challenges and Strategies to Combat Resistance","authors":"A. Mittal, R. Bhardwaj, P. Mishra, S. Rajput","doi":"10.2174/1874070702014010107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702014010107","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Overuse and misuse of antibiotics are the first risk factors for the development of antibiotics resistance. Inadequate professional competence of health care physicians might worsen the complications associated with antibiotics resistance. Antibiotic resistance is a global issue; however, the epicenter of this misfortune is Asian regions due to the easy accessibility of the strongest antibiotics without prescriptions or diagnoses. High effectiveness and easy accessibility of antibiotics lead to overuse/misuse and encouraging bacteria to develop the resistance. The over-usage and mis-usage of antibiotics are antibiotic abuse, which increase the potentially serious impact on human health. Bestowing to WHO guidelines, the resistance has led to spread worldwide and classifying resistance is a serious health problem. Furthermore, resistance claims uncertainty to predict the future. This review summarizes the major antibiotics involved in drug resistance, mechanism, prescribed dosage with a disease condition, proposed policies and guidelines to combat antibiotic resistance associated problems.\u0000","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"201 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134228459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-24DOI: 10.2174/1874070702014010094
Kuan-Chih Lee, Kun-Ting Hsieh, Raymond Chen, W. Lin, Changyuan Wang, Tzu-Tai Lee, Liang-Jwu Chen
Lactoferrin (LF) exhibits multiple beneficial biological activities and thus has been used as a health food and additive. To broaden its application in the food industry, the porcine LF (pLF) gene has been engineered into rice to produce recombinant LF (rpLF) for use as a food additive. The ironbinding and antimicrobial activities of rpLF and its positive effects on early weaned piglets have been previously evaluated, yet several features, such as the signal peptide removal, glycosylation sites and antioxidant activity of rpLF, have not been fully characterized.
{"title":"Expression and Characterization of Rice-produced Recombinant Porcine Lactoferrin and its Antioxidant Activities","authors":"Kuan-Chih Lee, Kun-Ting Hsieh, Raymond Chen, W. Lin, Changyuan Wang, Tzu-Tai Lee, Liang-Jwu Chen","doi":"10.2174/1874070702014010094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702014010094","url":null,"abstract":"Lactoferrin (LF) exhibits multiple beneficial biological activities and thus has been used as a health food and additive. To broaden its application in the food industry, the porcine LF (pLF) gene has been engineered into rice to produce recombinant LF (rpLF) for use as a food additive. The ironbinding and antimicrobial activities of rpLF and its positive effects on early weaned piglets have been previously evaluated, yet several features, such as the signal peptide removal, glycosylation sites and antioxidant activity of rpLF, have not been fully characterized.","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"145 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132290729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-19DOI: 10.2174/1874070702014010084
R. Yennamalli, Pulkit Srivastava, Sheena D. Sarswati, Vijay Kumar Garlapati
Bioactive peptides from κ-casein have immense therapeutic potential as prophylactic formulations. Among these, casoplatelin is a κ-casein derived bioactive peptide with anti-thrombotic activities. Herein, we report the production of casoplatelin in an E. coli expression system (using a pBAD vector) and show in silico modeling of its interactions. A synthetic DNA construct encoding casoplatelin was designed with pepsin cleavage sites before and after the synthetic construct to allow the release of the peptide from the pro-peptide. A novel recombinant approach was demonstrated for the production of casoplatelin, and anti-platelet aggregation activities of the product were confirmed. Also, casoplatelin structures were characterized in silico and then implemented to determine potential structural interactions with fibrinogen. The present study showcases the recombinant approach for biopeptide production and its interaction with fibrinogen through in silico approach.
{"title":"Recombinant Production and Molecular Docking Studies of Casoplatelin, a Bioactive Peptide","authors":"R. Yennamalli, Pulkit Srivastava, Sheena D. Sarswati, Vijay Kumar Garlapati","doi":"10.2174/1874070702014010084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702014010084","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 Bioactive peptides from κ-casein have immense therapeutic potential as prophylactic formulations. Among these, casoplatelin is a κ-casein derived bioactive peptide with anti-thrombotic activities.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 Herein, we report the production of casoplatelin in an E. coli expression system (using a pBAD vector) and show in silico modeling of its interactions.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A synthetic DNA construct encoding casoplatelin was designed with pepsin cleavage sites before and after the synthetic construct to allow the release of the peptide from the pro-peptide.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 A novel recombinant approach was demonstrated for the production of casoplatelin, and anti-platelet aggregation activities of the product were confirmed. Also, casoplatelin structures were characterized in silico and then implemented to determine potential structural interactions with fibrinogen.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The present study showcases the recombinant approach for biopeptide production and its interaction with fibrinogen through in silico approach.\u0000","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"13 3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126114589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-16DOI: 10.2174/1874070702014010070
Ziyaul Haque, M. S. Iqbal, Ausaf Ahmad, M. S. Khan, J. Prakash
In the present investigation, Trichoderma spp., isolated from rhizospheric soil, has been identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequencing technique and its antagonistic activity was evaluated against A. niger. The sequencing analysis was done with its ITS1 region of the rRNA gene. Using the ITS1 amplified products for all isolated fungi, a bi-directional DNA sequencing was done with high quality bases (>98% - 100%). Antagonistic activity was done using dual culture technique. All of the ITS1 nucleotide sequences obtained in this study matched 97% - 100% with the published sequence of Trichoderma spp. The results confirmed the strains as T. asperellum and T. viride with gene bank accession no. (ZTa); MK937669 and (ZTv); MK503705, respectively. When phylogenetic analysis was done for the isolates, the optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.69585023 and 0.10077756 for T. asperellum and T. viride, respectively, was observed. There were a total of 678 and 767 for T. asperellum and T. viride positions in the final dataset, respectively. Antagonistic activity was done for the isolated strains of Trichoderma spp. against A. niger, and it was found that T. asperellum showed maximum antagonistic activity (79.33±7.09%). The findings prolong the genome availability for relative investigations pointing out phenotypic variances to compare with Trichoderma genetic diversity. The present investigation delivered the Bases of future studies for better knowledge in understanding the complicated connections of Trichoderma spp. to be used as an effective biocontrol agent.
{"title":"Molecular Characterization of \u0000 \u0000 Trichoderma \u0000 \u0000 spp. Isolates by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) Region Sequencing Technique and its Use as a Biocontrol Agent","authors":"Ziyaul Haque, M. S. Iqbal, Ausaf Ahmad, M. S. Khan, J. Prakash","doi":"10.2174/1874070702014010070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/1874070702014010070","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 \u0000 In the present investigation, Trichoderma spp., isolated from rhizospheric soil, has been identified by Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) region sequencing technique and its antagonistic activity was evaluated against A. niger.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The sequencing analysis was done with its ITS1 region of the rRNA gene. Using the ITS1 amplified products for all isolated fungi, a bi-directional DNA sequencing was done with high quality bases (>98% - 100%). Antagonistic activity was done using dual culture technique.\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 All of the ITS1 nucleotide sequences obtained in this study matched 97% - 100% with the published sequence of Trichoderma spp. The results confirmed the strains as T. asperellum and T. viride with gene bank accession no. (ZTa); MK937669 and (ZTv); MK503705, respectively. When phylogenetic analysis was done for the isolates, the optimal tree with the sum of branch length = 0.69585023 and 0.10077756 for T. asperellum and T. viride, respectively, was observed. There were a total of 678 and 767 for T. asperellum and T. viride positions in the final dataset, respectively. Antagonistic activity was done for the isolated strains of Trichoderma spp. against A. niger, and it was found that T. asperellum showed maximum antagonistic activity (79.33±7.09%).\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 \u0000 The findings prolong the genome availability for relative investigations pointing out phenotypic variances to compare with Trichoderma genetic diversity. The present investigation delivered the Bases of future studies for better knowledge in understanding the complicated connections of Trichoderma spp. to be used as an effective biocontrol agent.\u0000","PeriodicalId":296126,"journal":{"name":"The Open Biotechnology Journal","volume":"168-169 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114402730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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