Zhuozhi Wang, Jue Hu, Jeffrey S. Marschall, Ling Yang, Erliang Zeng, Shaoping Zhang, Hongli Sun
α-ketoglutarate (AKG), a key component of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, has attracted attention for its antiaging properties. In the recent study, it is indicated that locally delivered cell-permeable AKG significantly promotes osteogenic differentiation and mouse bone regeneration. However, the cytotoxicity and rapid hydrolysis of the metabolite limit its application. In this study, novel AKG-based polymeric microparticles (PAKG MPs) are synthesized for sustained release. In vitro data suggest that the chemical components, hydrophilicity, and size of the MPs can significantly affect their cytotoxicity and pro-osteogenic activity. Excitingly, these biodegradable PAKG MPs are highly phagocytosable for nonphagocytic pre-osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 and primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, significantly promoting their osteoblastic differentiation. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) data suggest that PAKG MPs strongly activate Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K–Akt pathways for osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, PAKG enables poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) MPs (PLGA MPs) for efficient phagocytosis. In this data, it is indicated that PLGA–PAKG-MPs-mediated intracellular drug delivery can significantly promote stronger osteoblastic differentiation compared to PLGA-MPs-delivered phenamil. Notably, PAKG MPs significantly improve large bone regeneration in a mouse cranial bone defect model. Thus, the novel PAKG-based MPs show great promise to improve osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration and enable efficient intracellular drug delivery for broad regenerative medicine.
{"title":"Antiaging Metabolite-Based Polymeric Microparticles for Intracellular Drug Delivery and Bone Regeneration","authors":"Zhuozhi Wang, Jue Hu, Jeffrey S. Marschall, Ling Yang, Erliang Zeng, Shaoping Zhang, Hongli Sun","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400201","url":null,"abstract":"α-ketoglutarate (AKG), a key component of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, has attracted attention for its antiaging properties. In the recent study, it is indicated that locally delivered cell-permeable AKG significantly promotes osteogenic differentiation and mouse bone regeneration. However, the cytotoxicity and rapid hydrolysis of the metabolite limit its application. In this study, novel AKG-based polymeric microparticles (PAKG MPs) are synthesized for sustained release. In vitro data suggest that the chemical components, hydrophilicity, and size of the MPs can significantly affect their cytotoxicity and pro-osteogenic activity. Excitingly, these biodegradable PAKG MPs are highly phagocytosable for nonphagocytic pre-osteoblasts MC3T3-E1 and primary bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, significantly promoting their osteoblastic differentiation. RNA-Sequencing (RNA-Seq) data suggest that PAKG MPs strongly activate Wnt/β-catenin and PI3K–Akt pathways for osteogenic differentiation. Moreover, PAKG enables poly(L-lactic acid) and poly(lactic<i>-co</i>-glycolic acid) MPs (PLGA MPs) for efficient phagocytosis. In this data, it is indicated that PLGA–PAKG-MPs-mediated intracellular drug delivery can significantly promote stronger osteoblastic differentiation compared to PLGA-MPs-delivered phenamil. Notably, PAKG MPs significantly improve large bone regeneration in a mouse cranial bone defect model. Thus, the novel PAKG-based MPs show great promise to improve osteogenic differentiation and bone regeneration and enable efficient intracellular drug delivery for broad regenerative medicine.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chaebeen Kwon, Sanghyeon Lee, Chihyeong Won, Kyu Hyoung Lee, Byeonggwan Kim, Sungjoon Cho, Taeyoon Lee
As the field of wearable electronics continues to expand, the integration of inorganic thermoelectric (TE) materials into fabrics has emerged as a promising development due to their excellent TE properties. However, conventional thermal methods for fabricating TE fabrics are unsuitable for wearable applications because of their high temperatures, resulting in rigid TE materials. Herein, a nonthermally fabricated silver selenide (Ag2Se) TE fabric is developed that can be effectively integrated into wearable applications. Ag2Se nanoparticles are densely formed within the fabric through a simple in situ chemical reduction process, resulting in remarkable electrical stability even after 10 000 cycles of mechanical deformation, such as stretching and compression. Notably, the fabricated Ag2Se TE fabric exhibits superior stretchability, stretching ≈1.36 times more than the thermally treated Ag2Se TE fabrics, while retaining its excellent electrical conductivity. Moreover, the TE unit exhibits 9.80 μW m−1 K−2 power factor, 134.45 S cm−1 electrical conductivity, and −26.98 μV K−1 Seebeck coefficient at 370 K. A haptic sensing glove based on the Ag2Se TE fabric as a sensor for detecting potential hazards is demonstrated. The glove effectively distinguishes between simple touch, physical pain, and high-temperature hazards, ensuring user safety and prompt response.
随着可穿戴电子设备领域的不断扩大，无机热电（TE）材料因其卓越的 TE 特性而被广泛应用于织物中。然而，传统的热法制造 TE 织物因温度过高而导致 TE 材料僵硬，不适合可穿戴应用。在此，我们开发了一种非热法制造的硒化银（Ag2Se）TE 织物，可有效地集成到可穿戴应用中。通过简单的原位化学还原工艺，Ag2Se 纳米粒子在织物内密集形成，即使在拉伸和压缩等机械变形循环 10,000 次后，仍具有显著的电气稳定性。值得注意的是，制成的 Ag2Se TE 织物具有卓越的拉伸性，其拉伸程度是热处理 Ag2Se TE 织物的 1.36 倍，同时还保持了出色的导电性。此外，这种 TE 单元在 370 K 时的功率因数为 9.80 μW m-1 K-2，导电率为 134.45 S cm-1，塞贝克系数为 -26.98 μV K-1。该手套能有效区分简单的触摸、身体疼痛和高温危险，确保了用户的安全和及时响应。
{"title":"Stretchable Ag2Se Thermoelectric Fabric with Simple and Nonthermal Fabrication for Wearable Electronics","authors":"Chaebeen Kwon, Sanghyeon Lee, Chihyeong Won, Kyu Hyoung Lee, Byeonggwan Kim, Sungjoon Cho, Taeyoon Lee","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400230","url":null,"abstract":"As the field of wearable electronics continues to expand, the integration of inorganic thermoelectric (TE) materials into fabrics has emerged as a promising development due to their excellent TE properties. However, conventional thermal methods for fabricating TE fabrics are unsuitable for wearable applications because of their high temperatures, resulting in rigid TE materials. Herein, a nonthermally fabricated silver selenide (Ag<sub>2</sub>Se) TE fabric is developed that can be effectively integrated into wearable applications. Ag<sub>2</sub>Se nanoparticles are densely formed within the fabric through a simple in situ chemical reduction process, resulting in remarkable electrical stability even after 10 000 cycles of mechanical deformation, such as stretching and compression. Notably, the fabricated Ag<sub>2</sub>Se TE fabric exhibits superior stretchability, stretching ≈1.36 times more than the thermally treated Ag<sub>2</sub>Se TE fabrics, while retaining its excellent electrical conductivity. Moreover, the TE unit exhibits 9.80 μW m<sup>−1</sup> K<sup>−2</sup> power factor, 134.45 S cm<sup>−1</sup> electrical conductivity, and −26.98 μV K<sup>−1</sup> Seebeck coefficient at 370 K. A haptic sensing glove based on the Ag<sub>2</sub>Se TE fabric as a sensor for detecting potential hazards is demonstrated. The glove effectively distinguishes between simple touch, physical pain, and high-temperature hazards, ensuring user safety and prompt response.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chanho Shin, Eun Hye Lee, Hyeong Ju Eun, Jinwook Jung, Jong H. Kim, Tse Nga Ng
The redox activities of polyaniline (PANI) are hindered by the instability of pernigraniline salt (PS) state which degrades into oligo-aniline. In this work, the use of protic additives is examined to mitigate capacity fading and increase utilization of PANI in nonaqueous electrolytes. The protic additive propylene glycol, with its hydrogen-bonding capabilities, stabilizes the PS PANI and promotes reversible redox reactions, facilitating high capacity and an extended cycle lifetime for applications in metal ion supercapacitors. The use of this protic nonaqueous electrolyte in a PANI–zinc device results in an energy density of 255 Wh kg−1 at a power density of 1.8 kW kg−1 and a robust cycle lifetime of 3,850 charge/discharge cycles. The PANI at a high current density of 6.5 mA cm−2 reaches a capacity of 257 mAh g−1, equivalent to 87% of the its theoretical capacity, showcasing the effectiveness of the protic additive in improving both capacity and cycle life in electrochemical supercapacitors.
聚苯胺（PANI）的氧化还原活动受到过新苯胺盐（PS）状态不稳定的阻碍，PS 会降解成低聚苯胺。在这项工作中，我们研究了如何使用原生添加剂来减轻容量衰减并提高 PANI 在非水电解质中的利用率。原生添加剂丙二醇具有氢键功能，可稳定 PS PANI 并促进可逆氧化还原反应，从而提高容量并延长循环寿命，适用于金属离子超级电容器。在 PANI-zinc 器件中使用这种原生非水电解质，可使能量密度达到 255 Wh kg-1，功率密度为 1.8 kW kg-1，循环寿命长达 3,850 次充放电循环。在 6.5 mA cm-2 的高电流密度下，PANI 的容量达到 257 mAh g-1，相当于其理论容量的 87%，显示了原生添加剂在提高电化学超级电容器容量和循环寿命方面的有效性。
{"title":"Protic Stabilization Engenders High Energy Density and Long Cycle Life in Polyaniline–Zinc Supercapacitors","authors":"Chanho Shin, Eun Hye Lee, Hyeong Ju Eun, Jinwook Jung, Jong H. Kim, Tse Nga Ng","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400295","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400295","url":null,"abstract":"The redox activities of polyaniline (PANI) are hindered by the instability of pernigraniline salt (PS) state which degrades into oligo-aniline. In this work, the use of protic additives is examined to mitigate capacity fading and increase utilization of PANI in nonaqueous electrolytes. The protic additive propylene glycol, with its hydrogen-bonding capabilities, stabilizes the PS PANI and promotes reversible redox reactions, facilitating high capacity and an extended cycle lifetime for applications in metal ion supercapacitors. The use of this protic nonaqueous electrolyte in a PANI–zinc device results in an energy density of 255 Wh kg<sup>−1</sup> at a power density of 1.8 kW kg<sup>−1</sup> and a robust cycle lifetime of 3,850 charge/discharge cycles. The PANI at a high current density of 6.5 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> reaches a capacity of 257 mAh g<sup>−1</sup>, equivalent to 87% of the its theoretical capacity, showcasing the effectiveness of the protic additive in improving both capacity and cycle life in electrochemical supercapacitors.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Changbai Li, Sajjad Naeimipour, Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni, Tobias Abrahamsson, Xenofon Strakosas, Yangpeiqi Yi, Rebecka Rilemark, Caroline Lindholm, Venkata K. Perla, Chiara Musumeci, Yuyang Li, Hanne Biesmans, Marios Savvakis, Eva Olsson, Klas Tybrandt, Mary J. Donahue, Jennifer Y. Gerasimov, Robert Selegård, Magnus Berggren, Daniel Aili, Daniel T. Simon
Hydrogels are promising materials for medical devices interfacing with neural tissues due to their similar mechanical properties. Traditional hydrogel-based bio-interfaces lack sufficient electrical conductivity, relying on low ionic conductivity, which limits signal transduction distance. Conducting polymer hydrogels offer enhanced ionic and electronic conductivities and biocompatibility but often face challenges in processability and require aggressive polymerization methods. Herein, we demonstrate in situ enzymatic polymerization of π-conjugated monomers in a hyaluronan (HA)-based hydrogel bioink to create cell-compatible, electrically conductive hydrogel structures. These structures were fabricated using 3D bioprinting of HA-based bioinks loaded with conjugated monomers, followed by enzymatic polymerization via horseradish peroxidase. This process increased the hydrogels’ stiffness from about 0.6 to 1.5 kPa and modified their electroactivity. The components and polymerization process were well-tolerated by human primary dermal fibroblasts and PC12 cells. This work presents a novel method to fabricate cytocompatible and conductive hydrogels suitable for bioprinting. These hybrid materials combine tissue-like mechanical properties with mixed ionic and electronic conductivity, providing new ways to use electricity to influence cell behavior in a native-like microenvironment.
由于水凝胶具有类似的机械特性，因此是与神经组织连接的医疗设备的理想材料。传统的水凝胶生物界面缺乏足够的导电性，依赖于低离子导电性，这限制了信号传导距离。导电聚合物水凝胶具有更高的离子和电子传导性以及生物相容性，但在加工性方面往往面临挑战，并且需要采用激进的聚合方法。在此，我们展示了π-共轭单体在透明质酸（HA）基水凝胶生物墨水中的原位酶聚合，以创建细胞兼容的导电水凝胶结构。这些结构是用三维生物打印技术制造的，先将含有共轭单体的 HA 基生物墨水打印出来，然后通过辣根过氧化物酶进行酶聚合。这一过程将水凝胶的硬度从 0.6 千帕提高到 1.5 千帕，并改变了它们的电活性。人类原代真皮成纤维细胞和 PC12 细胞对这些成分和聚合过程的耐受性良好。这项研究提出了一种新方法来制造适合生物打印的细胞相容性导电水凝胶。这些混合材料将类似组织的机械特性与混合离子和电子导电性结合在一起，为在类似原生的微环境中使用电来影响细胞行为提供了新方法。
{"title":"Engineering Conductive Hydrogels with Tissue-like Properties: A 3D Bioprinting and Enzymatic Polymerization Approach","authors":"Changbai Li, Sajjad Naeimipour, Fatemeh Rasti Boroojeni, Tobias Abrahamsson, Xenofon Strakosas, Yangpeiqi Yi, Rebecka Rilemark, Caroline Lindholm, Venkata K. Perla, Chiara Musumeci, Yuyang Li, Hanne Biesmans, Marios Savvakis, Eva Olsson, Klas Tybrandt, Mary J. Donahue, Jennifer Y. Gerasimov, Robert Selegård, Magnus Berggren, Daniel Aili, Daniel T. Simon","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400290","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogels are promising materials for medical devices interfacing with neural tissues due to their similar mechanical properties. Traditional hydrogel-based bio-interfaces lack sufficient electrical conductivity, relying on low ionic conductivity, which limits signal transduction distance. Conducting polymer hydrogels offer enhanced ionic and electronic conductivities and biocompatibility but often face challenges in processability and require aggressive polymerization methods. Herein, we demonstrate in situ enzymatic polymerization of <i>π</i>-conjugated monomers in a hyaluronan (HA)-based hydrogel bioink to create cell-compatible, electrically conductive hydrogel structures. These structures were fabricated using 3D bioprinting of HA-based bioinks loaded with conjugated monomers, followed by enzymatic polymerization via horseradish peroxidase. This process increased the hydrogels’ stiffness from about 0.6 to 1.5 kPa and modified their electroactivity. The components and polymerization process were well-tolerated by human primary dermal fibroblasts and PC12 cells. This work presents a novel method to fabricate cytocompatible and conductive hydrogels suitable for bioprinting. These hybrid materials combine tissue-like mechanical properties with mixed ionic and electronic conductivity, providing new ways to use electricity to influence cell behavior in a native-like microenvironment.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Iryna Protsak, Martin Stockhausen, Aaron Brewer, Martin Owton, Thilo Hofmann, Freddy Kleitz
The potential use of thorium (Th) and uranium (U) as nuclear fuels underscores the importance of developing materials for their sustainable recovery. The production of Th and U requires the separation of these elements from rare-earth elements (REEs) as they often coexist in various feedstocks. Equally crucial is efficiently isolating scandium (Sc) from REEs, considering its high-value status and pivotal role in advanced alloy technologies. This study introduces a new selective ligand-functionalized silica sorbent for extracting Sc, other REEs, Th, and U from solutions with varying pH and elemental compositions. The functionalized sorbent exhibits exceptional selectivity for Sc ions at pH 4 across solutions containing 3–20 elements. It also shows excellent selectivity for Th at pH 2 in 18- and 20-element solutions and substantial selectivity for U in 18- and 20-element solutions at pH 4. Additionally, it efficiently adsorbs neodymium (Nd), dysprosium (Dy), and lanthanum (La) in Sc-free solutions with a given preference for Nd. The ligand-functionalized sorbent successfully undergoes ten cycles of reuse which along with its enhanced recovery performance toward targeted elements highlights its industrial application potential.
{"title":"Advancing Selective Extraction: A Novel Approach for Scandium, Thorium, and Uranium Ion Capture","authors":"Iryna Protsak, Martin Stockhausen, Aaron Brewer, Martin Owton, Thilo Hofmann, Freddy Kleitz","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400171","url":null,"abstract":"The potential use of thorium (Th) and uranium (U) as nuclear fuels underscores the importance of developing materials for their sustainable recovery. The production of Th and U requires the separation of these elements from rare-earth elements (REEs) as they often coexist in various feedstocks. Equally crucial is efficiently isolating scandium (Sc) from REEs, considering its high-value status and pivotal role in advanced alloy technologies. This study introduces a new selective ligand-functionalized silica sorbent for extracting Sc, other REEs, Th, and U from solutions with varying pH and elemental compositions. The functionalized sorbent exhibits exceptional selectivity for Sc ions at pH 4 across solutions containing 3–20 elements. It also shows excellent selectivity for Th at pH 2 in 18- and 20-element solutions and substantial selectivity for U in 18- and 20-element solutions at pH 4. Additionally, it efficiently adsorbs neodymium (Nd), dysprosium (Dy), and lanthanum (La) in Sc-free solutions with a given preference for Nd. The ligand-functionalized sorbent successfully undergoes ten cycles of reuse which along with its enhanced recovery performance toward targeted elements highlights its industrial application potential.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142224622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Andrea Veciana, Sarah Steiner, Qiao Tang, Vitaly Pustovalov, Joaquin Llacer-Wintle, Jiang Wu, Xiang-Zhong Chen, Trust Manyiwa, Venecio U. Ultra, Beltzane Garcia-Cirera, Josep Puigmartí-Luis, Carlos Franco, David J. Janssen, Laura Nyström, Samy Boulos, Salvador Pané
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose significant environmental and health risks due to their ubiquitous presence and persistence in water systems. Herein, the efficacy of piezocatalysis using barium titanate nanoparticles under ultrasound irradiation for the degradation and defluorination of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in water is investigated. The research demonstrates a substantial 90.5% degradation and 29% defluorination of PFOS after 6 h of treatment, highlighting the potential of piezocatalysis as a promising approach for PFAS degradation. Additionally, the quantification of degradation products elucidates the transformation pathways of PFOS, suggesting a stepwise chain-shortening mechanism. The findings underscore the importance of continued research in optimizing piezocatalytic processes and exploring synergistic approaches with other advanced oxidation methods to effectively address PFAS contamination challenges. These efforts are essential for advancing sustainable water treatment strategies and mitigating the environmental and health hazards associated with PFAS contamination.
{"title":"Breaking the Perfluorooctane Sulfonate Chain: Piezocatalytic Decomposition of PFOS Using BaTiO3 Nanoparticles","authors":"Andrea Veciana, Sarah Steiner, Qiao Tang, Vitaly Pustovalov, Joaquin Llacer-Wintle, Jiang Wu, Xiang-Zhong Chen, Trust Manyiwa, Venecio U. Ultra, Beltzane Garcia-Cirera, Josep Puigmartí-Luis, Carlos Franco, David J. Janssen, Laura Nyström, Samy Boulos, Salvador Pané","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400337","url":null,"abstract":"Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) pose significant environmental and health risks due to their ubiquitous presence and persistence in water systems. Herein, the efficacy of piezocatalysis using barium titanate nanoparticles under ultrasound irradiation for the degradation and defluorination of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) in water is investigated. The research demonstrates a substantial 90.5% degradation and 29% defluorination of PFOS after 6 h of treatment, highlighting the potential of piezocatalysis as a promising approach for PFAS degradation. Additionally, the quantification of degradation products elucidates the transformation pathways of PFOS, suggesting a stepwise chain-shortening mechanism. The findings underscore the importance of continued research in optimizing piezocatalytic processes and exploring synergistic approaches with other advanced oxidation methods to effectively address PFAS contamination challenges. These efforts are essential for advancing sustainable water treatment strategies and mitigating the environmental and health hazards associated with PFAS contamination.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jose I. Garcia-Peiro, Paula Guerrero-López, Felipe Hornos, Jose L. Hueso, J. Manuel Garcia-Aznar, Jesus Santamaria
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a major challenge in oncology due to its highly invasive nature and limited treatment options. GBM's aggressive migration beyond tumor margins and rapid tumor growth hinders success in patient treatment. Localized therapeutic delivery, such as the use of transition metals like copper, is highlighted as a novel therapeutic agent for many potential biomedical applications. Herein, it is aimed to study the effects of Cu release on the proliferation and invasiveness of cancer cells. To this end, novel copper-based nanostructures with different release patterns are designed. Using a complex 3D cell culture model to mimic the tumor microenvironment, it is shown that different patterns of copper ion release have a strong impact on GBM progression and invasiveness. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing localized copper release patterns to tailor different tumor treatment strategies. They also show the potential and suitability of 3D microchips as instruments to study the behavior of tumor spheroids. In spite of their limitations, these 3D microdevices enable a controlled and close monitoring of the influence of environmental factors (such as the presence of Cu ions) on the proliferation and invasiveness of the cells, with a better approach to reality compared to 2D models and with a more controlled environment, compared to an in vivo model.
{"title":"The Pattern of Copper Release in Copper-Based Nanoparticles Regulates Tumor Proliferation and Invasiveness in 3D Culture Models","authors":"Jose I. Garcia-Peiro, Paula Guerrero-López, Felipe Hornos, Jose L. Hueso, J. Manuel Garcia-Aznar, Jesus Santamaria","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400206","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Glioblastoma (GBM) is a major challenge in oncology due to its highly invasive nature and limited treatment options. GBM's aggressive migration beyond tumor margins and rapid tumor growth hinders success in patient treatment. Localized therapeutic delivery, such as the use of transition metals like copper, is highlighted as a novel therapeutic agent for many potential biomedical applications. Herein, it is aimed to study the effects of Cu release on the proliferation and invasiveness of cancer cells. To this end, novel copper-based nanostructures with different release patterns are designed. Using a complex 3D cell culture model to mimic the tumor microenvironment, it is shown that different patterns of copper ion release have a strong impact on GBM progression and invasiveness. The findings highlight the importance of optimizing localized copper release patterns to tailor different tumor treatment strategies. They also show the potential and suitability of 3D microchips as instruments to study the behavior of tumor spheroids. In spite of their limitations, these 3D microdevices enable a controlled and close monitoring of the influence of environmental factors (such as the presence of Cu ions) on the proliferation and invasiveness of the cells, with a better approach to reality compared to 2D models and with a more controlled environment, compared to an in vivo model.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents a novel multimodal cancer theranostic platform developed using tumor cell-coated biomimetic carbon nanohorn (CNH) complexes that encapsulate the anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX). This platform combines photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy to fight against malignant colorectal cancer. These engineered nanocomplexes are designed to deliver sufficient PTX molecules into a targeted solid tumor in a light-controllable manner while inducing significant photothermal and antitumor immune responses. The outstanding photothermal conversion property of the CNHs under near-infrared light enables effective cancer cell ablation and awakening of cytotoxic immune responses. Tumor cell membrane-coated CNHs show improved water dispersibility, immune evasion, and targeting capabilities alongside enhanced immune activation against tumors. The efficacy of the biomimetic functional CNH nanocomplexes is demonstrated through excellent tumor-targeting, controlled drug-releasing behavior, and induction of cancer cell death, contributing to a robust antitumor response. This study provides a promising approach to cancer treatment by integrating multiple therapeutic modalities into a single platform, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy to combat intractable cancer.
{"title":"Biomimetic Functional Nanocomplexes for Photothermal Cancer Chemoimmunotheranostics","authors":"Nina Sang, Yun Qi, Shun Nishimura, Eijiro Miyako","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400324","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a novel multimodal cancer theranostic platform developed using tumor cell-coated biomimetic carbon nanohorn (CNH) complexes that encapsulate the anticancer drug paclitaxel (PTX). This platform combines photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy to fight against malignant colorectal cancer. These engineered nanocomplexes are designed to deliver sufficient PTX molecules into a targeted solid tumor in a light-controllable manner while inducing significant photothermal and antitumor immune responses. The outstanding photothermal conversion property of the CNHs under near-infrared light enables effective cancer cell ablation and awakening of cytotoxic immune responses. Tumor cell membrane-coated CNHs show improved water dispersibility, immune evasion, and targeting capabilities alongside enhanced immune activation against tumors. The efficacy of the biomimetic functional CNH nanocomplexes is demonstrated through excellent tumor-targeting, controlled drug-releasing behavior, and induction of cancer cell death, contributing to a robust antitumor response. This study provides a promising approach to cancer treatment by integrating multiple therapeutic modalities into a single platform, potentially enhancing treatment efficacy to combat intractable cancer.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francisco G. Moscoso, Juan J. Romero-Guerrero, David Rodriguez-Lucena, José María Pedrosa, Carolina Carrillo-Carrión
The well-known and excellent colorimetric sensing capacity of porphyrins, along with the exceptional structural properties of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), make porphyrin-based MOFs, such as PCN-222, ideal candidates for the construction of a chemical sensor based on absorbance. However, to the best of authors’ knowledge, no high-quality porphyrin-based MOF gas sensors have been developed to date, most likely due to the difficulties in: 1) preparing nanosized porphyrin-MOFs to minimize scattering in absorbance measurements; and 2) incorporating MOFs into transparent membranes for practical use. Herein, a simple and fast microwave-assisted method for preparing high-quality nanosized PCN-222 crystals and their metalated derivatives PCN-222(M) is reported to finely tune the sensing response. Next, the successful dispersion of these PCN-222(M) nanoparticles into poly(dimethylsiloxane) to create flexible and transparent membranes is demonstrated. This integration yields a multiresponsive optical gas sensor exhibiting excellent sensitivity and the ability to discriminate between various volatile organic compounds via pattern recognition identification.
{"title":"Nanosized Porphyrinic Metal–Organic Frameworks for the Construction of Transparent Membranes as a Multiresponsive Optical Gas Sensor","authors":"Francisco G. Moscoso, Juan J. Romero-Guerrero, David Rodriguez-Lucena, José María Pedrosa, Carolina Carrillo-Carrión","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400210","url":null,"abstract":"The well-known and excellent colorimetric sensing capacity of porphyrins, along with the exceptional structural properties of metal–organic frameworks (MOFs), make porphyrin-based MOFs, such as PCN-222, ideal candidates for the construction of a chemical sensor based on absorbance. However, to the best of authors’ knowledge, no high-quality porphyrin-based MOF gas sensors have been developed to date, most likely due to the difficulties in: 1) preparing nanosized porphyrin-MOFs to minimize scattering in absorbance measurements; and 2) incorporating MOFs into transparent membranes for practical use. Herein, a simple and fast microwave-assisted method for preparing high-quality nanosized PCN-222 crystals and their metalated derivatives PCN-222(M) is reported to finely tune the sensing response. Next, the successful dispersion of these PCN-222(M) nanoparticles into poly(dimethylsiloxane) to create flexible and transparent membranes is demonstrated. This integration yields a multiresponsive optical gas sensor exhibiting excellent sensitivity and the ability to discriminate between various volatile organic compounds via pattern recognition identification.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ben Pei, Yongsen Zhou, Yu Yang, Jiaxiang Ma, Rangli Cao, Wen Huang, Liliang Ouyang, Shengli Mi, Zhuo Xiong
DNA has emerged as a promising storage medium to meet the soaring need for archival data storage because of its exceptional storage density and stability. However, current DNA-based data storage systems are incompetent of achieving high-quality random multiplexed access and frequently accessed data storage, which impedes its practical applications. Here, a dual-mode storage system is proposed that combines DNA-based archival data and nanodot-based active data. This novel data-storage system is constructed by writing the active and archival data on the same substrate through a facile two-step process involving scanning probe lithography (SPL), DNA synthesis, and chemical immobilization. The data files are categorized and stored orderly in different microregions of the substrate to achieve efficient random access. On each microregion, the nanodot array stores not only the concise information for the archival DNA data but also contains the corresponding primer sequence. Such interrelation between active and archival data allows for facilely data reading by efficient microscopic modalities and in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Facilitated by the integration of nanodot and DNA, this novel dual-mode storage system demonstrates efficient data access and the potential of excellent storing capacity, paving the way for the advancement of DNA-based data storage.
DNA 因其出色的存储密度和稳定性，已成为一种很有前途的存储介质，可满足日益增长的档案数据存储需求。然而，目前基于 DNA 的数据存储系统无法实现高质量的随机多路访问和频繁访问数据存储，这阻碍了其实际应用。本文提出了一种双模式存储系统，将基于 DNA 的档案数据和基于纳米点的活动数据结合起来。这种新颖的数据存储系统是通过扫描探针光刻（SPL）、DNA 合成和化学固定两个简单步骤在同一基底上写入活动数据和档案数据而构建的。数据文件被分类并有序地存储在基底的不同微区，以实现高效的随机存取。在每个微区，纳米点阵列不仅存储了存档 DNA 数据的简明信息，还包含相应的引物序列。活性数据和存档数据之间的这种相互关系，可以方便地通过高效显微模式和原位聚合酶链反应（PCR）读取数据。这种新型双模式存储系统通过纳米点和 DNA 的整合，展示了高效的数据访问能力和出色的存储容量潜力，为推动基于 DNA 的数据存储铺平了道路。
{"title":"A Novel DNA-Based Dual-Mode Data Storage System with Interrelated Concise and Detailed Data","authors":"Ben Pei, Yongsen Zhou, Yu Yang, Jiaxiang Ma, Rangli Cao, Wen Huang, Liliang Ouyang, Shengli Mi, Zhuo Xiong","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400094","url":null,"abstract":"DNA has emerged as a promising storage medium to meet the soaring need for archival data storage because of its exceptional storage density and stability. However, current DNA-based data storage systems are incompetent of achieving high-quality random multiplexed access and frequently accessed data storage, which impedes its practical applications. Here, a dual-mode storage system is proposed that combines DNA-based archival data and nanodot-based active data. This novel data-storage system is constructed by writing the active and archival data on the same substrate through a facile two-step process involving scanning probe lithography (SPL), DNA synthesis, and chemical immobilization. The data files are categorized and stored orderly in different microregions of the substrate to achieve efficient random access. On each microregion, the nanodot array stores not only the concise information for the archival DNA data but also contains the corresponding primer sequence. Such interrelation between active and archival data allows for facilely data reading by efficient microscopic modalities and in situ polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Facilitated by the integration of nanodot and DNA, this novel dual-mode storage system demonstrates efficient data access and the potential of excellent storing capacity, paving the way for the advancement of DNA-based data storage.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142188570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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