Jun Peng, Pai Zhao, Rakshith Venugopal, Kristian Deneke, Stefanie Haugg, Robert Blick, Robert Zierold
Precise positioning is a never-ending goal in both fundamental science and technology. Recent decades of advancements in high-precision position detection have predominantly relied on photoelectric effects for light detection in semiconductors. Herein, a different approach is proposed: The thermoelectric-based position-sensitive detector (T-PSD) concept is designed to detect single heat spots arising from various energy sources, including electromagnetic radiation, electrons, and macroscopic mechanical heat. The T-PSD concept is initially derived mathematically from the fundamental principles of heat conduction and the Seebeck effect. Subsequently, it is proved by finite element simulation in both 1D and 2D configurations. Following this theoretical groundwork, T-PSD prototypes are fabricated and subjected to positional detection using various stimuli such as CO2 laser beam, hot soldering tip, and electron beam. In the prototypes, structured aluminum-doped zinc oxide thermoelectric thin films, prepared via atomic layer deposition, are outfitted with voltage probes, enabling the measurement of thermoelectric voltages as a function of position and the intensity or temperature of the heat spot. Furthermore, practical decoding strategies are introduced to infer the position from the measured signals. The T-PSD in this article showcases considerable promise in high-precision position detection such as (quasi-)particle tracking and precision machinery, offering an alternative concept in PSD design.
{"title":"Thermal Sight: A Position-Sensitive Detector for a Pinpoint Heat Spot","authors":"Jun Peng, Pai Zhao, Rakshith Venugopal, Kristian Deneke, Stefanie Haugg, Robert Blick, Robert Zierold","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400091","url":null,"abstract":"Precise positioning is a never-ending goal in both fundamental science and technology. Recent decades of advancements in high-precision position detection have predominantly relied on photoelectric effects for light detection in semiconductors. Herein, a different approach is proposed: The thermoelectric-based position-sensitive detector (T-PSD) concept is designed to detect single heat spots arising from various energy sources, including electromagnetic radiation, electrons, and macroscopic mechanical heat. The T-PSD concept is initially derived mathematically from the fundamental principles of heat conduction and the Seebeck effect. Subsequently, it is proved by finite element simulation in both 1D and 2D configurations. Following this theoretical groundwork, T-PSD prototypes are fabricated and subjected to positional detection using various stimuli such as CO<sub>2</sub> laser beam, hot soldering tip, and electron beam. In the prototypes, structured aluminum-doped zinc oxide thermoelectric thin films, prepared via atomic layer deposition, are outfitted with voltage probes, enabling the measurement of thermoelectric voltages as a function of position and the intensity or temperature of the heat spot. Furthermore, practical decoding strategies are introduced to infer the position from the measured signals. The T-PSD in this article showcases considerable promise in high-precision position detection such as (quasi-)particle tracking and precision machinery, offering an alternative concept in PSD design.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eunkyeong Jung, Anahid Foroughishafiei, Young Hun Chung, Nicole F. Steinmetz
Immunotherapy
免疫疗法
{"title":"Enhanced Efficacy of a TLR3 Agonist Delivered by Cowpea Chlorotic Mottle Virus Nanoparticles","authors":"Eunkyeong Jung, Anahid Foroughishafiei, Young Hun Chung, Nicole F. Steinmetz","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202470021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202470021","url":null,"abstract":"<b>Immunotherapy</b>","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tahir, Guilherme C. Concas, Mariana Gisbert, Marco Cremona, Fernando Lazaro, Marcelo Eduardo H. Maia da Costa, Suellen D. T. De Barros, Ricardo Q. Aucélio, Tatiana Saint Pierre, José Marcus Godoy, Diogo Mendes, Gino Mariotto, Nicola Daldosso, Francesco Enrichi, Alexandre Cuin, Aldebarã F. Ferreira, Walter M. de Azevedo, Geronimo Perez, Celso SantAnna, Braulio Soares Archanjo, Yordy E. Licea Fonseca, Andre L. Rossi, Francis L. Deepak, Rajwali Khan, Quaid Zaman, Sven Reichenberger, Theo Fromme, Giancarlo Margheri, José R. Sabino, Gabriella Fibbi, Mario Del Rosso, Anastasia Chillà, Francesca Margheri, Anna Laurenzana, Tommaso Del Rosso
CO2 Reduction Reaction
二氧化碳还原反应
{"title":"Pulsed-Laser-Driven CO2 Reduction Reaction for the Control of the Photoluminescence Quantum Yield of Organometallic Gold Nanocomposites","authors":"Tahir, Guilherme C. Concas, Mariana Gisbert, Marco Cremona, Fernando Lazaro, Marcelo Eduardo H. Maia da Costa, Suellen D. T. De Barros, Ricardo Q. Aucélio, Tatiana Saint Pierre, José Marcus Godoy, Diogo Mendes, Gino Mariotto, Nicola Daldosso, Francesco Enrichi, Alexandre Cuin, Aldebarã F. Ferreira, Walter M. de Azevedo, Geronimo Perez, Celso SantAnna, Braulio Soares Archanjo, Yordy E. Licea Fonseca, Andre L. Rossi, Francis L. Deepak, Rajwali Khan, Quaid Zaman, Sven Reichenberger, Theo Fromme, Giancarlo Margheri, José R. Sabino, Gabriella Fibbi, Mario Del Rosso, Anastasia Chillà, Francesca Margheri, Anna Laurenzana, Tommaso Del Rosso","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202470024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202470024","url":null,"abstract":"<b>CO<sub>2</sub> Reduction Reaction</b>","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guoliang Chen, Lei Ge, Yizhu Kuang, Hesamoddin Rabiee, Beibei Ma, Fatereh Dorosti, Ashok Kumar Nanjundan, Zhonghua Zhu, Hao Wang
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 (CO2RR) is an effective strategy to mitigate carbon emission effects and store renewable electricity in value-added feedstocks, but it still suffers low production rate and current density. A nanostructured catalyst offers opportunities to enhance CO2RR activity by contributing numerous active sites and promoting charge transfer. Herein, a Cu hollow fiber gas diffusion electrode (HFGDE) with silver sub-nanosheets on a zinc nanosheet structure to produce CO is reported. Compared to the HFGDE only possessed zinc nanosheet structure, the as-prepared HFGDE with hierarchical sub-nano AgZn bimetal nanosheets exhibits a twice-partial current density of CO and a CO production rate at the applied potential −1.3 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode). The unique Ag sub-nanosheets interconnected Zn nanosheets provide multiple charge transfer channels, and the synergistic effect between Ag and Zn improves the adsorption binding energy of COOH* intermediate, resulting in a lower charge transfer resistance and fast CO2RR kinetics to produce CO. This research demonstrates the high potential of nanoengineering electrocatalysts for HFGDE to achieve highly efficient CO2 reduction.
二氧化碳的电化学还原（CO2RR）是一种有效的策略，可减轻碳排放效应并将可再生电力储存在增值原料中，但其生产率和电流密度仍然较低。纳米结构催化剂通过提供大量活性位点和促进电荷转移，为提高 CO2RR 活性提供了机会。本文报告了一种在锌纳米片结构上带有银子纳米片的铜中空纤维气体扩散电极（HFGDE），用于生产 CO。与仅具有锌纳米片结构的高频气体扩散电极相比，制备的具有分层亚纳米银锌双金属纳米片的高频气体扩散电极在外加电位-1.3 V（相对于可逆氢电极）下的一氧化碳电流密度和一氧化碳产生率是其两倍。独特的 Ag 亚纳米片与 Zn 纳米片相互连接，提供了多个电荷转移通道，Ag 和 Zn 之间的协同效应提高了 COOH* 中间体的吸附结合能，从而降低了电荷转移电阻，加快了 CO2RR 生成 CO 的动力学过程。这项研究证明了纳米工程电催化剂在高频炉气脱硫中实现高效二氧化碳还原的巨大潜力。
{"title":"In Situ Growth of Hierarchical Silver Sub-Nanosheets on Zinc Nanosheets-Based Hollow Fiber Gas-Diffusion Electrodes for Electrochemical CO2 Reduction to CO","authors":"Guoliang Chen, Lei Ge, Yizhu Kuang, Hesamoddin Rabiee, Beibei Ma, Fatereh Dorosti, Ashok Kumar Nanjundan, Zhonghua Zhu, Hao Wang","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400184","url":null,"abstract":"Electrochemical reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> (CO<sub>2</sub>RR) is an effective strategy to mitigate carbon emission effects and store renewable electricity in value-added feedstocks, but it still suffers low production rate and current density. A nanostructured catalyst offers opportunities to enhance CO<sub>2</sub>RR activity by contributing numerous active sites and promoting charge transfer. Herein, a Cu hollow fiber gas diffusion electrode (HFGDE) with silver sub-nanosheets on a zinc nanosheet structure to produce CO is reported. Compared to the HFGDE only possessed zinc nanosheet structure, the as-prepared HFGDE with hierarchical sub-nano AgZn bimetal nanosheets exhibits a twice-partial current density of CO and a CO production rate at the applied potential −1.3 V (versus reversible hydrogen electrode). The unique Ag sub-nanosheets interconnected Zn nanosheets provide multiple charge transfer channels, and the synergistic effect between Ag and Zn improves the adsorption binding energy of COOH* intermediate, resulting in a lower charge transfer resistance and fast CO<sub>2</sub>RR kinetics to produce CO. This research demonstrates the high potential of nanoengineering electrocatalysts for HFGDE to achieve highly efficient CO<sub>2</sub> reduction.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marcel Heidbüchel, Aurora Gomez-Martin, Lars Frankenstein, Ardavan Makvandi, Martin Peterlechner, Gerhard Wilde, Martin Winter, Johannes Kasnatscheew
Minor amounts of tungsten (W) are well known to improve Ni-rich layered oxide-based cathode active materials (CAMs) for Li ion batteries. Herein, W impacts are validated and compared for varied concentrations and incorporation routes in aqueous media for LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2 (NCM90-6-4), either via modification of a precursor NixCoyMnz(OH)2 (pCAM) within a sol–gel reaction or directly during synthesis, i.e., either via an W-based educt or during co-precipitation in a continuously operated Couette–Taylor reactor. In particular, the sol–gel modification is shown to be beneficial and reveals >500 cycles for ≈80% state-of-health NCM90-6-4||graphite cells. It can be related to homogeneously W-modified surface as well as smaller and elongated primary particles, whereas the latter are suggested to better compensate anisotropic lattice stress and decrease amount of microcracks, consequently minimizing further rise in surface area and the accompanied failure cascades (e.g., phase changes, metal dissolution, and crosstalk). Moreover, the different incorporation routes are shown to reveal different outcomes and demonstrate the complexity and sensitivity of W incorporation.
众所周知，少量的钨（W）可改善锂离子电池中富镍层状氧化物基阴极活性材料（CAMs）的性能。在此，通过在溶胶-凝胶反应中改性前驱体 NixCoyMnz(OH)2 (pCAM)，或在合成过程中直接改性前驱体 NixCoyMnz(OH)2 (pCAM)，即通过基于钨的导管或在连续运行的库埃特-泰勒反应器中进行共沉淀，验证并比较了钨对 LiNi0.90Co0.06Mn0.04O2 (NCM90-6-4)水介质中不同浓度和掺入途径的影响。溶胶-凝胶改性尤其有益，500 次循环后，NCM90-6-4||石墨电池的健康状况≈80%。这可能与均匀的 W 改性表面以及更小和更长的主颗粒有关，而后者被认为能更好地补偿各向异性晶格应力并减少微裂缝数量，从而最大限度地减少表面积的进一步增加和伴随的失效级联（如相变、金属溶解和串扰）。此外，不同的掺入途径会产生不同的结果，这也证明了掺入 W 的复杂性和敏感性。
{"title":"Ultrahigh Ni-Rich (90%) Layered Oxide-Based Cathode Active Materials: The Advantages of Tungsten (W) Incorporation in the Precursor Cathode Active Material","authors":"Marcel Heidbüchel, Aurora Gomez-Martin, Lars Frankenstein, Ardavan Makvandi, Martin Peterlechner, Gerhard Wilde, Martin Winter, Johannes Kasnatscheew","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400135","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400135","url":null,"abstract":"Minor amounts of tungsten (W) are well known to improve Ni-rich layered oxide-based cathode active materials (CAMs) for Li ion batteries. Herein, W impacts are validated and compared for varied concentrations and incorporation routes in aqueous media for LiNi<sub>0.90</sub>Co<sub>0.06</sub>Mn<sub>0.04</sub>O<sub>2</sub> (NCM90-6-4), either via modification of a precursor Ni<sub><i>x</i></sub>Co<sub><i>y</i></sub>Mn<sub><i>z</i></sub>(OH)<sub>2</sub> (pCAM) within a sol–gel reaction or directly during synthesis, i.e., either via an W-based educt or during co-precipitation in a continuously operated Couette–Taylor reactor. In particular, the sol–gel modification is shown to be beneficial and reveals >500 cycles for ≈80% state-of-health NCM90-6-4||graphite cells. It can be related to homogeneously W-modified surface as well as smaller and elongated primary particles, whereas the latter are suggested to better compensate anisotropic lattice stress and decrease amount of microcracks, consequently minimizing further rise in surface area and the accompanied failure cascades (e.g., phase changes, metal dissolution, and crosstalk). Moreover, the different incorporation routes are shown to reveal different outcomes and demonstrate the complexity and sensitivity of W incorporation.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Monolayer 2D metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets, characterized by abundant exposed active sites and tunable structure and function (such as altering the metal nodes or organic ligands), have emerged as a pivotal class of 2D materials, demonstrating irreplaceable applications across diverse research domains in materials and chemistry. This review provides a comprehensive survey of the latest research progress in the synthesis of monolayer 2D MOF nanosheets. Specifically, recent synthetic strategies, including top-down and bottom-up methods, are delved and their applications in gas separation, catalysis, sensing platforms, and energy storage are explored. Additionally, the challenges faced in the investigation of monolayer 2D MOF nanosheets are elucidated and future opportunities for these materials as a novel generation of 2D materials are outlined.
{"title":"Recent Advances in the Synthesis and Application of Monolayer 2D Metal-Organic Framework Nanosheets","authors":"Yu Wang, Juan Ma, Fei Jin, Tong Li, Negar Javanmardi, Yuyuan He, Guanzhou Zhu, Siwei Zhang, Jian-Da Xu, Ting Wang, Zhang-Qi Feng","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400132","url":null,"abstract":"Monolayer 2D metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets, characterized by abundant exposed active sites and tunable structure and function (such as altering the metal nodes or organic ligands), have emerged as a pivotal class of 2D materials, demonstrating irreplaceable applications across diverse research domains in materials and chemistry. This review provides a comprehensive survey of the latest research progress in the synthesis of monolayer 2D MOF nanosheets. Specifically, recent synthetic strategies, including top-down and bottom-up methods, are delved and their applications in gas separation, catalysis, sensing platforms, and energy storage are explored. Additionally, the challenges faced in the investigation of monolayer 2D MOF nanosheets are elucidated and future opportunities for these materials as a novel generation of 2D materials are outlined.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jonathan Y. C. Ting, George Opletal, Amanda S. Barnard
The surface roughness of metal nanoparticles is known to be influential toward their properties, but the quantification of surface roughness is challenging. Given the recent availability of large-scale simulated data and tools for the computation of the box-counting dimension of simulated atomistic objects, researchers are now enabled to study the connections between the surface roughness of metal nanoparticles and their properties. Herein, the relationships between the fractal box-counting dimension of metal nanoparticle surfaces and structural features relevant to experimental and computational studies are investigated, providing actionable insights for the manufacturing of rough nanoparticles. This approach differs from conventional concepts of roughness, but introduces a possible indicator for their functionalities such as catalytic performance that was not previously accessible. It is found that, while it remains difficult to consistently correlate the dimension with the catalytic activity of surface facets, matching trends with their surface energy, thermodynamic stability, and number of bond vacancy are observed. This highlights the potential of fractal box-counting dimensions to rationalize catalytic activity trends among metal nanoparticles, and opens up opportunities for the design of nanocatalysts with better performance via surface engineering.
{"title":"Fractal Characterization of Simulated Metal Nanocatalysts in 3D","authors":"Jonathan Y. C. Ting, George Opletal, Amanda S. Barnard","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400123","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400123","url":null,"abstract":"The surface roughness of metal nanoparticles is known to be influential toward their properties, but the quantification of surface roughness is challenging. Given the recent availability of large-scale simulated data and tools for the computation of the box-counting dimension of simulated atomistic objects, researchers are now enabled to study the connections between the surface roughness of metal nanoparticles and their properties. Herein, the relationships between the fractal box-counting dimension of metal nanoparticle surfaces and structural features relevant to experimental and computational studies are investigated, providing actionable insights for the manufacturing of rough nanoparticles. This approach differs from conventional concepts of roughness, but introduces a possible indicator for their functionalities such as catalytic performance that was not previously accessible. It is found that, while it remains difficult to consistently correlate the dimension with the catalytic activity of surface facets, matching trends with their surface energy, thermodynamic stability, and number of bond vacancy are observed. This highlights the potential of fractal box-counting dimensions to rationalize catalytic activity trends among metal nanoparticles, and opens up opportunities for the design of nanocatalysts with better performance via surface engineering.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as promising drug carriers that can facilitate targeted anticancer drug delivery, but efficiency studies relying on active targeting mechanisms remain elusive. This study implements in vitro 3D cocultures, so-called microtissues, to model a physiologically relevant tumor microenvironment (TME) to examine the impact of surface-modified MSNs without targeting ligands on the internalization, cargo delivery, and cargo release in tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Among these, acetylated MSNs most effectively localized in tumor cells in a 3D setting containing collagen, while other MSNs did so to a lesser degree, most likely due to remaining trapped in the extracellular matrix of the TME. Confocal imaging of hydrophobic model drug-loaded MSNs demonstrated effective cargo release predominantly in tumor cells, both in 2D and 3D cocultures. MSN-mediated delivery of an anticancer drug in the microtissues exhibited a significant reduction in tumor organoid size and enhanced the tumor-specific cytotoxic effects of a γ-secretase inhibitor, compared to the highly hydrophobic drug in free form. This inherent targeting potential suggests reduced off-target effects and increased drug efficacy, showcasing the promise of surface modification of MSNs as a means of direct cell-specific targeting and delivery for precise and successful targeted drug delivery.
{"title":"Surface Modification of Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles as a Means to Introduce Inherent Cancer-Targeting Ability in a 3D Tumor Microenvironment","authors":"Neeraj Prabhakar, Erica Långbacka, Ezgi Özliseli, Jesse Mattsson, Alaa Mahran, Ilida Suleymanova, Cecilia Sahlgren, Jessica M. Rosenholm, Malin Åkerfelt, Matthias Nees","doi":"10.1002/smsc.202400084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/smsc.202400084","url":null,"abstract":"Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have emerged as promising drug carriers that can facilitate targeted anticancer drug delivery, but efficiency studies relying on active targeting mechanisms remain elusive. This study implements in vitro 3D cocultures, so-called microtissues, to model a physiologically relevant tumor microenvironment (TME) to examine the impact of surface-modified MSNs without targeting ligands on the internalization, cargo delivery, and cargo release in tumor cells and cancer-associated fibroblasts. Among these, acetylated MSNs most effectively localized in tumor cells in a 3D setting containing collagen, while other MSNs did so to a lesser degree, most likely due to remaining trapped in the extracellular matrix of the TME. Confocal imaging of hydrophobic model drug-loaded MSNs demonstrated effective cargo release predominantly in tumor cells, both in 2D and 3D cocultures. MSN-mediated delivery of an anticancer drug in the microtissues exhibited a significant reduction in tumor organoid size and enhanced the tumor-specific cytotoxic effects of a γ-secretase inhibitor, compared to the highly hydrophobic drug in free form. This inherent targeting potential suggests reduced off-target effects and increased drug efficacy, showcasing the promise of surface modification of MSNs as a means of direct cell-specific targeting and delivery for precise and successful targeted drug delivery.","PeriodicalId":29791,"journal":{"name":"Small Science","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141612596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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