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Italian Modern Art in the Age of Fascism 法西斯主义时代的意大利现代艺术
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1992727
M. Caruso
Italian Modern Art in the Age of Fascism is an important book that helps resituate art historical studies of the Fascist period. As the title indicates, the author, Anthony White does not shy away from using the ‘F’ word that still today tends to be elided when discussing art from the 1920s and 1930s in Italy. Even Germano Celant’s highly praised exhibition Post Zang Tumb Tuuum. Art Life Politics: Italia 1918–1943 at the Prada Foundation in Milan in 2018 avoided criticising the censorship, violence and bloodshed of the period in order to exploit it as a purely productive and creative period. In his book, White invites the reader to reconsider three artists from the time in greater depth: the research he conducted in archives in Italy sheds new light on the work of Fortunato Depero, Scipione (Gino Bonichi) and Mario Radice. The author dedicates a chapter to each artist—these chapters, he explains, began their lives as separate peer-reviewed articles. In each chapter, he analyses specific aspects that intrigue him about the artist under examination: war and machinery in the work of Depero, spirituality in that of Scipione, and abstraction and architecture in Radice. By entering into their specificities, White conversely reveals the vastness of their production. The interdisciplinarity of the three artists reaches from architecture to abstraction, spirituality, choreography, tapestries, performance, poetry and painting. Although marketed exclusively at an academic audience, the book—unlike many art history academic books that tend to forego image quality over scholarship—is richly illustrated and includes eight colour plates. White is also careful to reference contemporary issues that concern the field. Depero’s work, he observes, and its connections to military combat and destruction was appropriated by the extreme right-wing group CasaPound for a conference on the artist in 2013. White, instead, aims to understand Depero more holistically by uncovering the lesserknown aspects of his production. In his first chapter, ‘The Folk Machine: Fortunato Depero’s Cloth Pictures, 1919–1927’, the author examines Depero’s early forays into set design, first working for the Ballets Russes, then developing futurist toys like Giacomo Balla for his Plastic Ballets in 1918 and eventually creating his ‘fabric mosaics’. In his detailed visual analysis of the tapestry Serrada from 1920, we learn of the effects of the destruction of men and cities during the First World War on the artist’s creativity:
《法西斯时代的意大利现代艺术》是一本有助于恢复法西斯时期艺术史研究的重要著作。正如书名所示,作者安东尼·怀特(Anthony White)并不回避使用“F”这个词,直到今天,在讨论意大利20世纪20年代和30年代的艺术时,这个词往往会被忽略。就连杰马诺·切兰特(Germano Celant)的《后藏Tumb Tuuum》也受到了高度评价。2018年在米兰普拉达基金会举办的“艺术生活政治:意大利1918-1943”展览避免批评这一时期的审查制度、暴力和流血,以充分利用这一时期的生产力和创造力。在他的书中,怀特邀请读者更深入地重新考虑当时的三位艺术家:他在意大利的档案中进行的研究为福尔图纳托·德佩罗、西皮奥内(吉诺·博尼奇)和马里奥·拉迪斯的作品提供了新的视角。作者专门为每位艺术家写了一章——他解释说,这些章节最初是作为独立的同行评议文章出现的。在每一章中,他都分析了让他对被审视的艺术家感兴趣的具体方面:Depero作品中的战争和机械,Scipione作品中的灵性,Radice的抽象和建筑。通过进入它们的特殊性,怀特反过来揭示了它们生产的广泛性。三位艺术家的跨学科性从建筑到抽象、灵性、编舞、挂毯、表演、诗歌和绘画。尽管这本书专门面向学术读者销售,但与许多倾向于放弃图像质量而不是学术的艺术史学术书籍不同,这本书有丰富的插图,包括八个彩色板块。怀特还谨慎地引用了与该领域有关的当代问题。他观察到,Depero的作品及其与军事战斗和破坏的联系,被极右翼组织CasaPound在2013年的一次关于这位艺术家的会议上挪用。相反,怀特的目标是通过揭示Depero作品中鲜为人知的方面,更全面地了解他。在他的第一章“民间机器:福尔图纳托·德佩罗的布片,1919-1927”中,作者考察了德佩罗早期对布景设计的尝试,首先为俄罗斯芭蕾舞团工作,然后在1918年为他的塑料芭蕾舞团开发未来主义玩具,如贾科莫·巴拉,最终创造了他的“织物马赛克”。在他对1920年Serrada挂毯的详细视觉分析中,我们了解到第一次世界大战期间人类和城市的毁灭对艺术家创造力的影响:
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引用次数: 0
Didi-Huberman and the Image 迪迪-休伯曼和图像
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1992728
Giles Fielke
The sovereignty of the idea is a defining principle for art history, yet today it appears as one amongst a more generalised set of concepts for the so-called New Art History. Resisting the post-modern compulsion to ‘pluralise the term: new art histories’, as Bill Readings admitted during a symposium on the topic at the Mus ee d’Art contemporain de Montreal in 1994, meant the discipline again asked the related question: what is history? The idea was ascribed to the nineteenth-century emergence of the discipline in continental Europe. It is supposed to have reached its apotheosis with the arrival of the German art historian, Erwin Panofsky (1892–1968), to Princeton in 1935. If only things were so straight-forward. George Didi-Huberman (b. 1953), whose work begins with this rupture, is subject to an intensive study by Chari Larsson. Against both the Platonic and neoKantian modes of art history, the French philosopher of art has carefully arranged his post-structural method upon the topology of psychoanalytic symptom. This approach could be seen as the direct result of his academic coming-of-age in the 1970s and 80 s, perhaps. Yet Didi-Huberman has also worked tirelessly to reintroduce figures from Art History’s own history—in particular, the idiosyncratic wanderings of Aby Warburg (1866–1929). This focus means that the naïve utopianism of the 1990s (as the end of history) is key for understanding Didi-Huberman’s emergence as a spokesperson for the discipline. The companion to his breakthrough work from 1990, Confronting Images, appeared as Devant le Temps in 2000. Larsson’s analysis of an exhaustive set of Didi-Huberman’s published work, mostly in French, shows the importance of Natural History by Pliny the Elder (AD23/4-79), for example, in the 2000 study yet to appear in an English translation. Two years later Didi-Huberman’s book on Warburg—the founder of the Kulturwissenschaftliche Bibliothek Warburg in Hamburg in 1926, an eccentric research library that was inaugurated by Ernst Cassirer—saw its publication in the context of the appearance of Warburg’s collected manuscripts under the title The Renewal of Pagan Antiquity (1999), a project realised by the Getty Research Center in LA. It is obvious why this latter study has since been translated into English, while others by Didi-Huberman, such as Devant le Temps, are yet to be. Warburg’s collected writings had originally appeared posthumously in German in 1932. Of course, this nexus of German and French theory and its influence on English Art History still engulfs the discipline today, dwarfing its Florentine origins.
思想的主权是艺术史的一个定义原则,但今天它似乎是所谓的新艺术史的一套更广义的概念之一。1994年,比尔·雷丁斯在蒙特利尔当代艺术馆的一次研讨会上承认,抵制后现代主义对“多元化术语:新艺术史”的强迫,意味着这门学科再次提出了相关的问题:什么是历史?这个想法被归因于19世纪在欧洲大陆出现的这门学科。1935年,随着德国艺术史学家欧文·帕诺夫斯基(Erwin Panofsky, 1892-1968)来到普林斯顿,它被认为达到了顶峰。要是事情这么直接就好了。乔治·迪迪-休伯曼(生于1953年)的工作从这种断裂开始,查理·拉尔森对他进行了深入研究。反对柏拉图主义和新康德主义的艺术史模式,这位法国艺术哲学家在精神分析症状的拓扑结构上精心安排了他的后结构方法。也许,这种方法可以看作是他在20世纪70年代和80年代学术成熟的直接结果。然而,迪迪-休伯曼也孜孜不倦地重新引入艺术史自身历史中的人物,特别是艾比·沃伯格(1866-1929)的独特流浪。这种关注意味着,20世纪90年代的naïve乌托邦主义(作为历史的终结)是理解迪迪-休伯曼作为该学科发言人出现的关键。他1990年的突破性作品《直面影像》于2000年问世,名为《Devant le Temps》。拉尔森对迪迪-胡伯曼(Didi-Huberman)出版的一套详尽的作品(主要是法语)进行了分析,显示了老普林尼(Pliny the Elder,公元23/4-79年)的《自然史》(Natural History)的重要性,例如,在2000年的一项研究中,尚未出现英文译本。两年后,迪迪-休伯曼关于沃伯格的书——1926年在汉堡建立了沃伯格文化图书馆,这是一个由恩斯特·卡西尔主持落成的古怪的研究图书馆——在沃伯格手稿集以《异教古代的复兴》(1999年)为名出现的背景下出版,这是洛杉矶盖蒂研究中心实施的一个项目。很明显,后一项研究后来被翻译成英语,而迪迪-休伯曼的其他研究,如Devant le Temps,还没有被翻译成英语。华宝的文集最初于1932年在他死后以德语出版。当然,这种德国和法国理论的联系及其对英国艺术史的影响今天仍然吞没着这门学科,使其佛罗伦萨起源相形见绌。
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引用次数: 0
Eco-phenomenology and the Maintenance of Eco Art: Agnes Denes’s A Forest for Australia 生态现象学与生态艺术的维护:Agnes Denes的《澳大利亚的森林》
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1992726
C. Chevalier
Agnes Denes (b. 1931) is a Hungarian-born, New York–based multidisciplinary artist who has created an extensive body of art and writing since the 1960s. Denes’s practice transcends mediums and disciplines, informed by decades spent researching mathematics, physics, linguistics, philosophy, and anthropology, among numerous other subjects. Over the course of her career, Denes has engaged a range of mediums, including sculpture, drawing, architectural plans, holograms, fields, and forests. In her work, the artist sketches future worlds reimagined by new laws of physics, surveys timelines of evolutionary biology, and visually interprets the space-time continuum. Her artistic practice manifests in forms that include, but are certainly not limited to, metallic-ink graphs, largescale drawings, colossal pyramidal sculptures, and magnetic levitating masses. These explorations are often underpinned by astute environmental awareness. This can be traced back to the late 1960s, when Denes pioneered an early form of environmentalism called ‘eco-logic’, which she defines as an approach to artmaking that combines philosophical concepts and ecological concerns. Denes first engaged eco-logic in Rice/Tree/Burial (1968–79), a temporary work that included planting a field of rice, chaining trees, and burying a time capsule. She went on to create three more significant public ecological works: Wheatfield—A Confrontation (1982), a shimmering field of wheat temporarily planted in downtown Manhattan; Tree Mountain—A Living Time Capsule (1992–96), a permanent, spiralling forest of 11,000 trees planted in Yl€ oj€arvi, Finland; and A Forest for Australia (1998), a circular series of 6000 trees planted outside Melbourne, Australia. When surveying the artist’s body of work through a twenty-first-century lens of eco art informed by climate crisis, no other series seems more urgent, prophetic, and underexamined than these four realised public works. Through their creation, Denes developed a unique form of eco art that combines myriad disciplines with the goal of forging an improved and sustainable relationship
Agnes Denes(生于1931年)是一位出生于匈牙利的纽约多学科艺术家,自20世纪60年代以来,她创作了大量的艺术和写作作品。Denes的实践超越了媒介和学科,数十年来一直在研究数学、物理学、语言学、哲学和人类学等众多学科。在她的职业生涯中,Denes参与了一系列的媒介,包括雕塑、绘画、建筑平面图、全息图、田野和森林。在她的作品中,这位艺术家描绘了由新物理定律重新构想的未来世界,调查了进化生物学的时间线,并直观地解释了时空连续体。她的艺术实践表现在各种形式上,包括但不限于金属水墨画、大型绘画、巨大的金字塔雕塑和磁悬浮物体。这些探索往往以敏锐的环境意识为基础。这可以追溯到20世纪60年代末,当时Denes开创了一种名为“生态逻辑”的早期环保主义,她将其定义为一种结合哲学概念和生态问题的艺术创作方法。Denes在《水稻/树木/埋葬》(1968–79)中首次参与了生态逻辑,这是一项临时工作,包括种植稻田、用链条连接树木和埋葬时间胶囊。她接着创作了三部更重要的公共生态作品:《麦田——对峙》(1982),一片在曼哈顿市中心临时种植的闪闪发光的麦田;树山——一个活的时间胶囊(1992-96),一个由11000棵树组成的永久性螺旋森林,种植在芬兰的伊尔奥吉奥维;以及《澳大利亚森林》(1998年),这是一个由6000棵树组成的圆形系列,种植在澳大利亚墨尔本郊外。当通过21世纪受气候危机影响的生态艺术视角来审视艺术家的作品时,似乎没有其他系列比这四件已实现的公共作品更紧迫、更具预言性、更未经充分审查。通过他们的创作,Denes发展了一种独特的生态艺术形式,将无数学科结合在一起,目的是建立一种改善和可持续的关系
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引用次数: 0
Editorial Foreword: Pandemia, Materiality and the Wind in the Trees 社论前言:流行病、物质与树上的风
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1992719
A. Archer, David M. Challis, Chris Marshall
The cover of Issue 21.2 of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art (ANZJA) features a still from the short film, Left, Right & Centre (2017) by British contemporary artist, Cornelia Parker. Parker’s film follows on from her role as an ‘Official Artist’ commissioned to produce creative responses to the 2017 United Kingdom general election. All the tragedy, tedium and dismay of that phenomenally divisive period is here reduced to a series of long shots showing a mysteriously empty chamber of the dispatch box of the House of Commons. Midway through the film, a drone flies into view, scattering hundreds of sheets of British press commentary in the process, each highlighting the chaos and acrimony of those inflammably toxic pre-Brexit days. So the editors thought that this image might constitute an appropriate cover. Not because of its heavily imperialist associations. But rather by virtue of its ability to capture the current mood: viz, the hopeless mess that we’re all in at the moment (or so at least, one of the editors cheerfully suggested). The image also chimed with us on a more prosaic level as we struggled with one of the last duties on the customary list of the journal’s editorial tasks: to arrange the articles into an ordered sequence of numbered contributions. While recognising the necessity of this job, it did nonetheless strike us as a somewhat irrelevant undertaking. Who, after all, reads journals in sequence anymore? And who will ever access this journal as a hard copy, paper-bound artefact stretching from cover to cover? Our piecemeal engagement with journals is especially prevalent nowadays given the pandemic’s tendency to hasten the widespread shutting down of libraries as physical spaces, and thus to refocus our attention onto the atomised process of downloading individual pdfs from a wide array of digital libraries and journal aggregators. So, as we wistfully beheld all that physical newsprint wafting through the House of Commons, the idea of exerting editorial control over the order and experience of reading this journal did strike us as a rather quaint notion. If it is still nonetheless considered helpful for us to proffer an at least notional order to the sequence of articles in this open issue of ANZJA, then here’s what we
《澳大利亚和新西兰艺术杂志》(ANZJA)第21.2期的封面展示了英国当代艺术家科妮莉亚·帕克的短片《左、右、中》(2017)中的一幅剧照。帕克的电影延续了她作为“官方艺术家”的角色,受委托对2017年英国大选做出创造性回应。在这段令人震惊的分裂时期,所有的悲剧、乏味和沮丧在这里都被简化为一系列长镜头,显示了下议院信箱里一个神秘的空房间。影片进行到一半时,一架无人机飞入视野,在这个过程中散布了数百张英国媒体评论,每一张都突出了英国脱欧前那些有毒的日子里的混乱和激烈。因此,编辑们认为这张图片可能构成一个合适的封面。不是因为它与帝国主义有着密切的联系。但更确切地说,是因为它能够捕捉当前的情绪:即我们此刻所处的无望的混乱(至少,一位编辑愉快地建议)。这张照片也在一个更平淡无奇的层面上与我们合拍,因为我们正在努力完成该杂志编辑任务常规清单上的最后一项任务:将文章按编号顺序排列。尽管我们认识到这项工作的必要性,但它确实让我们觉得是一项有点无关紧要的任务。毕竟,谁还会按顺序阅读期刊?谁会把这本杂志作为一本从封面延伸到封面的硬拷贝、纸装订的手工艺品来访问呢?鉴于疫情倾向于加速图书馆作为物理空间的广泛关闭,从而将我们的注意力重新集中在从广泛的数字图书馆和期刊聚合器下载个人pdf的原子化过程上,我们与期刊的零散接触如今尤其普遍。因此,当我们满怀渴望地看到下议院飘来的所有实物新闻纸时,对阅读这本杂志的顺序和体验施加编辑控制的想法确实让我们觉得是一个相当奇怪的想法。尽管如此,如果我们仍然认为对ANZJA这期公开文章的顺序提供一个至少名义上的顺序是有帮助的,那么以下是我们
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引用次数: 0
Raising the Spectre: Contemporary Art and Print Culture in the Aftermath of Colonialism 《幽灵升起:殖民主义余波中的当代艺术与印刷文化》
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1992722
Deidre Brollo
In recent decades attention has turned to the role played by print culture in the expansion and expression of imperial power. Print is, in large part, the way in which empire represented itself to itself. With its ability to reproduce and therefore mobilise information, the printing press became an indispensable tool of empire, its operations extending beyond colonial administration into areas such as anthropology, botany, and cartography for the purposes of defining and controlling people, space, and the natural world. Whether in terms of literal boundary demarcations, artistic renderings of landscape, scientific accounts, administrative records, or popular broadsides, the printing press afforded these representations of empire an expansive reach that traced the geographical extent of empire itself. In doing so, it projected constructions of imperial identity, culture, and power to distant locations and populations. At the same time, print imbued such artefacts with an authority that bolstered and fortified efforts to claim, organise, and control these ‘new’ lands and their inhabitants. Such an interrogation of print’s historical role, however, is not well developed within the critical discourse of fine art printmaking. Emerging as they did within an art economy that valued the unique and singular artwork, master printers and publishers found it fruitful to shelter printmaking from the stigma of industrial reproduction. As noted by Gerardo Mosquera, fine art printmaking is a ‘reproductive medium that self-limits its reproductive possibilities’. Such a demarcation has contributed to a critical lens which is less sharply attuned to the overlaps between fine art printmaking and print culture, and therefore to the social, cultural, and political operations and histories they share. While A. Hyatt Mayor’s 1971 work Prints and People: A Social History of Printed Pictures remains a foundational work internationally, in recent years there have been some notable local developments in this area. Exhibitions such as The Story of Australian Printmaking 1801–2005 (National Gallery of Australia, 2007), Colony: Australia 1770–1861 and Colony: Frontier Wars (National Gallery of Victoria, 2018),
近几十年来,人们的注意力转向了印刷文化在皇权扩张和表达中所起的作用。在很大程度上,印刷是帝国向自己展示自己的方式。凭借其复制和调动信息的能力,印刷机成为帝国不可或缺的工具,其业务范围从殖民管理扩展到人类学、植物学和制图等领域,目的是定义和控制人、空间和自然世界。无论是从字面上的边界划分、景观的艺术渲染、科学记载、行政记录,还是通俗读物的角度来看,印刷机都为这些帝国的表现提供了一个广阔的范围,可以追溯帝国本身的地理范围。在这样做的过程中,它将帝国身份、文化和权力的构建投射到遥远的地方和人口。与此同时,印刷给这些人工制品注入了一种权威,这种权威支持并加强了对这些“新”土地及其居民的主张、组织和控制的努力。然而,在美术版画的批评话语中,这种对版画历史角色的质疑并没有得到很好的发展。由于他们是在一个重视独特和独特艺术品的艺术经济中出现的,印刷大师和出版商发现,保护版画免受工业复制的耻辱是卓有成效的。正如Gerardo Mosquera所指出的,美术版画是一种“自我限制其繁殖可能性的繁殖媒介”。这样的划分导致了一种批判性的镜头,这种镜头对美术版画和印刷文化之间的重叠不太敏感,因此对它们共同的社会、文化和政治运作和历史不太敏感。虽然A. Hyatt Mayor 1971年的作品《印刷品与人:印刷图片的社会史》仍然是国际上的基础作品,但近年来,在这一领域有了一些值得注意的地方发展。展览如《澳大利亚版画的故事1801-2005》(澳大利亚国家美术馆,2007年)、《殖民地:澳大利亚1770-1861》和《殖民地:边境战争》(维多利亚国家美术馆,2018年)、
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引用次数: 0
Language and Chinese Art History 语言与中国艺术史
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1934774
Mingyu Hu
I would like to offer a consciously partial reflection, based on personal practice, on the teaching of Chinese art history at two universities, hoping it may lead to more general discussions. When I taught art history at the University of Glasgow (2008–11) and the University of Leeds (2015–17), I sometimes showed, in historiography and methodology classes, two uncaptioned landscapes and asked students for educated guesses on the dates and for their reasoning (figs 1 and 2). Always, the first was judged to have been painted earlier (because it was ‘more classical’) and the second, later (because it was ‘more modern’). Both landscapes were painted in the first half of the twentieth century by Huang Binhong黃賓虹 (1865–1955), the ‘more modern’ one predating the other. Designed to unsettle teleological assumptions of a linear, progressive stylistic evolution (and of the notion of stylistic evolution altogether), this exercise moved on to a probing into the poverty of our vocabulary. Simply by utilising ‘modern’ as a description, one situates an image in contextually charged terms, at once loaded and vacant. And so we experimented with ways of discussing the two Huang Binhongs. For instance, can we analyse by way of brushwork or pictorial space? What are the implicit references when we look at space in these landscapes, as opposed to space in a Constable, a C ezanne, or a Hockney? In doing so, we were obliged to pay attention to the very language with which to think, because, as quickly became salient, we thought in given lexical settings, and our ways of looking were (at least partly) linguistically conditioned. This three-way investigation of looking, thinking, and speaking as it happened, teasing out the limits of our language and those of our perception, through art historical debates no less, was a Wittgensteinian moment lived. To glimpse a different fly-bottle, so to speak, I then gave translated examples of writings on landscape painting by artists in eleventhand seventeenth-century China, where a sophisticated system of rhetoric was mobilised to picture the picturing of the world. If the students wondered, then yes, these artists wrote and theorised; they were critics, connoisseurs, historians, and collectors at the same time as they were painters, calligraphers, and poets. Such a mention in passing was my preferred way of bringing into evidence that art history as a history of writing did not begin with Vasari, as students are often taught and as we are supposed to ‘put to rights’, the raison d’̂etre for
我想在个人实践的基础上,有意识地对两所大学的中国艺术史教学进行部分反思,希望能引发更多的一般性讨论。当我在格拉斯哥大学(2008-2011)和利兹大学(2015-17)教授艺术史时,我有时会在史学和方法论课上展示两幅未经选择的风景画,并要求学生对日期进行有根据的猜测和推理(图1和图2)。通常,第一幅画被认为画得更早(因为它“更古典”),第二幅画则画得更晚(因为它更现代”)。这两幅风景画都是黄宾虹在二十世纪上半叶画的黃賓虹 (1865-1955),“更现代”的一个早于另一个。本练习旨在颠覆线性、渐进式文体进化(以及文体进化概念)的目的论假设,进而探究我们词汇的贫乏。简单地使用“现代”作为描述,就可以将图像置于充满上下文的术语中,既有负载又有空闲。因此,我们尝试了讨论两个黄宾虹的方法。例如,我们可以用笔触还是用图像空间来分析?当我们观察这些风景中的空间时,与康斯特布尔、埃赞尼或霍克尼的空间相比,隐含的参考是什么?在这样做的过程中,我们必须注意思考的语言,因为随着语言的突出,我们在特定的词汇环境中思考,我们的思维方式(至少部分)受到语言的制约。这种对所发生的观察、思考和说话的三方调查,通过艺术历史辩论,梳理出我们语言和感知的局限性,无疑是维特根斯坦式的生活。可以说,为了看到一个不同的飞瓶,我举了17世纪中国艺术家关于风景画的作品的翻译例子,在那里,一个复杂的修辞系统被动员起来描绘世界。如果学生们想知道,那么是的,这些艺术家们进行了写作和理论化;他们是批评家、鉴赏家、历史学家和收藏家,同时也是画家、书法家和诗人。顺便提及这一点是我更喜欢的方式,以证明艺术史作为写作史并不是从瓦萨里开始的,因为学生们经常被教导,我们应该“纠正”瓦萨里
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引用次数: 0
Rethinking/Relinking Colonial Ruptures: On Recent Works by Musquiqui Chihying and Hao Jingban 重新思考/重新连接殖民破裂——论穆斯基基·齐英和郝景班的近期作品
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1934777
Yu-Chieh Li
Introduction: Ruptures in Colonial Histories This article analyses recent essay films directed by Musquiqui Chihying and Hao Jingban, which deploy colonial archives and collaboration in the research process. These essay films offer alternative perspectives to reveal previously underexplored narratives––which in this article I call ‘ruptures’. In literatures on postcolonial conditions, the rupture describes the borders separating cultures as a result of colonisation. Colonial ruptures thus cast previous connections among the non-Western world (e.g. Asia–Africa and other sites of exploitation and extraction) into oblivion. The frictions and fissures are not merely discussed in a temporal sense of colonial–postcolonial division here. Such missing links result in the binary system of coloniser/colonised and North/South. These barriers were the architecture of colonial political economic systems, the deprivation and suppression of indigenous cultures, and displacement and disconnections from natural habitats. These ruptures must be fixed and relinked in decolonial discourses. Through examining undercurrents within colonial histories, I will investigate how creative research seeks to bridge such ruptures. My aim is to reveal how the narrative complicates the gaze between self and other, without romanticising or victimising the other. Towards this end, I first summarise the current status of postcolonial discourses in the Chinese-speaking world, the critique of essentialism, and the Deleuzian notion of aion (holes and ruptures) as reinterpreted and enriched by curator and theorist Huang Chien-Hung. The second section analyses several moving image works that explore China’s relationships with Africa and Japan under colonialism. Essay film emerged as a major medium for recording artist-led research on global conflicts due to its documentary nature and adaptability to global exhibition formats. The flexibility of style and approaches accommodates various forms of storytelling and is often used to encourage the participation of different
引言:殖民地历史的断裂本文分析了最近由穆斯基基·奇英和郝京班执导的散文电影,这些电影在研究过程中部署了殖民地档案和合作。这些随笔电影提供了另一种视角来揭示以前未被充分挖掘的叙事——在这篇文章中,我称之为“断裂”。在关于后殖民条件的文献中,这种断裂描述了殖民导致的文化分离的边界。因此,殖民地的分裂使非西方世界(如亚洲-非洲和其他开采和开采地)之间以前的联系被遗忘。摩擦和裂痕在这里不仅仅是从殖民地-后殖民分裂的时间意义上进行讨论。这种缺失的环节导致了殖民者/被殖民者和北方/南方的二元系统。这些障碍是殖民政治经济体系的架构、对土著文化的剥夺和压制、流离失所和与自然栖息地的脱节。这些断裂必须在非殖民化话语中修复和重新连接。通过研究殖民历史中的暗流,我将调查创造性研究是如何试图弥合这种断裂的。我的目的是揭示叙事如何使自我和他人之间的凝视复杂化,而不浪漫化或伤害他人。为此,我首先总结了后殖民话语在汉语世界中的现状,对本质主义的批判,以及策展人和理论家黄建宏重新解释和丰富的德勒兹的aion概念。第二部分分析了殖民主义时期中国与非洲和日本关系的几部运动影像作品。随笔电影因其纪录片性质和对全球展览形式的适应性而成为记录艺术家主导的全球冲突研究的主要媒介。风格和方法的灵活性适应了各种形式的讲故事,通常用于鼓励不同的人参与
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引用次数: 0
From Purgation to Remembrance: Memorialising the May 1998 Violence in Post-Authoritarian Indonesian Visual Art 从净化到记忆:纪念1998年5月印尼后威权主义视觉艺术中的暴力
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1934780
W. Dirgantoro
Introduction In Yogyakarta, on 18 October 1998, Chinese Indonesian artist FX Harsono performed Korban (Burned Victims) as part of his solo exhibition at Cemeti Art House. In a disused construction site near the gallery, Harsono planted nine torso-shaped wooden sculptures attached to steel poles. Harsono explained to the audience that he wanted to show the processes behind his works and, specifically, how his works dealt with ‘the current happenings in Jakarta’. He then brought out five picket signs and proceeded to tell the audience about the challenges in finding out the truth about what happened during the riots of May 1998. As the artist began his speech, he pulled out the signs one by one, punctuating his narrative on every second sentence until four signs were placed opposite the torsos. Written on these signs were the words Rusuh (Riot), Kerusuhan (Rioting), Dibuat rusuh (The riot was made up), and Rekayasa agar rusuh (The riot was manipulated). The artist then burned the signs one by one with a torch gun before proceeding to burn the torsos. When most of the picket signs had turned into ashes, Harsono then pulled out the last sign, which stated, Siapa yang bertanggung jawab? (Who was responsible?) (fig. 1). He then walked, with his knees bent, along the line of the burning torsos and slowly lowered himself to the ground carrying the sign, while stating, ‘we lowered ourselves until we nearly crawled on the ground to ask this question, but we will never know who was responsible for this’. The burned sculptures were then displayed as part of his solo exhibition in the gallery space (fig. 2). This article starts with Harsono’s evocative work as it highlights a turning point in his artistic imperative to document and memorialise instances of antiChinese violence in Indonesia. In Harsono’s performance installation, the artist depicted the most recent incidence: the riots of 12–14 May 1998 in Medan, Jakarta, Solo, and a few other cities. At the end of the authoritarian New Order regime
1998年10月18日,日惹,华裔印尼艺术家FX Harsono在Cemeti Art House的个展中表演了《Korban》(被烧伤的受害者)。在画廊附近一个废弃的建筑工地上,哈索诺种植了9个躯干形状的木制雕塑,它们连接在钢杆上。Harsono向观众解释说,他想展示他作品背后的过程,特别是他的作品如何处理“雅加达当前发生的事情”。随后,他拿出了5个警戒线标志,并向听众讲述了在查明1998年5月骚乱中发生的事情的真相时所面临的挑战。当艺术家开始他的演讲时,他一个接一个地拿出标志,每隔两句就打断他的叙述,直到四个标志被放置在躯干对面。这些牌子上写着:Rusuh(暴乱),Kerusuhan(暴乱),Dibuat Rusuh(暴乱是编造的),Rekayasa agar Rusuh(暴乱是操纵的)。艺术家随后用火炬枪一个一个地烧了这些标志,然后继续烧躯干。当大部分警戒线的牌子都化为灰烬时,哈索诺拿出最后一块牌子,上面写着:Siapa yang bertanggung jawab?(谁该为此负责?)(图1)。然后,他弯着膝盖,沿着燃烧的躯干线走着,慢慢地把自己放下来,手里拿着牌子,同时说:“我们把自己放下来,直到我们几乎爬到地上,才问这个问题,但我们永远不会知道谁该为此负责。”随后,这些被烧毁的雕塑作为他个人展览的一部分在画廊空间展出(图2)。本文从哈索诺令人回味的作品开始,因为它突出了他记录和纪念印度尼西亚反华暴力事件的艺术必要性的转折点。在哈索诺的行为装置中,艺术家描绘了最近的事件:1998年5月12日至14日在棉兰、雅加达、梭罗和其他一些城市发生的骚乱。在专制的新秩序政权末期
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引用次数: 0
Reclaiming Silenced Voices: Feminist Interventions in the Ink Tradition 重拾沉默的声音:女性主义对水墨传统的介入
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1934781
Luise Guest
Introduction: Women Artists and the ‘Empire of Signs’ In the continuing re-examination of cultural history that inflects much contemporary art in the People’s Republic of China (PRC), there has to date been insufficient acknowledgement that powerful notions of filial duty, self-sacrifice and the equation of femininity with fragility, served to constrain women’s participation in the pursuits of the imperial scholar class such as calligraphy, painting and connoisseurship. Craig Clunas’ analysis of the ‘gendering of the act of spectatorship as male’ and ‘male anxieties around women and painting in the Ming period’ reveals that the act of looking at paintings by the literati was as important as the act of producing them. Similarly, with very few exceptions, women artists have been absent from avantgarde前卫 (qianwei) ink practices that developed in the late twentieth century, as has been their work from scholarly discourses around those practices. Specifically, in the genres of ‘unreadable’ calligraphy and performative applications of ink in canonical works such as Gu Wenda’s 1985Mythos of Lost Dynasties series, Wu Shanzhuan’s 1986 Red Humour installations, Xu Bing’s c. 1987–91 Book from the Sky and Yang Jiechang’s 1989–99 100 Layers of Ink, it is the contention of this article that the appropriation and transformation of previously elite artforms left the historically masculinist nature of literati 文人 (wenren) culture essentially unquestioned. The post–Cultural Revolution re-examination, translation, and transformation of ink and text traditions have been documented and analysed by scholars from various disciplines. Artists were wrestling with their memories of High-Maoist China and the instability of language as part of the revolutionary apparatus of the state—in Barm e’s memorable phrase, they were examining the ‘empire of signs that had bedevilled so many writers and thinkers in China’s twentieth century’. Installations and performance works featuring altered calligraphy, books, and the materiality of ink were not only vehicles for the reassertion of Chinese identity and signifiers of contemporaneity but also reflections on past trauma. Wu Hung’s
引言:女艺术家与“符号帝国”在对影响中华人民共和国当代艺术的文化史的持续重新审视中,迄今为止,人们还没有充分认识到孝顺、自我牺牲的强大观念以及女性气质与脆弱的平衡,限制了女性参与文人阶层的追求,如书法、绘画和鉴赏。克雷格·克吕纳斯(Craig Clunas)对“作为男性的旁观者行为的性别化”和“明代男性对女性和绘画的焦虑”的分析表明,文人看画的行为与创作绘画的行为同等重要。同样,除了极少数例外,女性艺术家一直缺席前卫艺术前卫 (钱炜)二十世纪后期发展起来的水墨实践,以及他们围绕这些实践的学术论述。具体而言,在“不可读”的书法流派和经典作品中对墨水的表演性应用方面,如顾文达1985年的《失朝杂谈》系列、吴山篆1986年的《红色幽默》装置、徐冰1987年至91年的《天书》和杨洁篪1989年至99年的《100层墨水》,这篇文章的论点是,对先前精英艺术形式的挪用和改造留下了文人历史上的男子主义本质文人 文化本质上是毋庸置疑的。文化大革命后对水墨和文本传统的重新审视、翻译和转变已经被来自各个学科的学者记录和分析。艺术家们正在与他们对高毛主义中国的记忆以及作为国家革命机器一部分的语言的不稳定作斗争——用巴尔姆令人难忘的话来说,他们正在审视“在中国二十世纪困扰了许多作家和思想家的符号帝国”。以涂改的书法、书籍和墨水的物质性为特色的装置和表演作品不仅是重申中国身份和当代能指的工具,也是对过去创伤的反思。吴鸿
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引用次数: 1
Shifting the Ground: Rethinking Chinese Art 移风易俗:对中国艺术的再思考
IF 0.1 Pub Date : 2021-01-02 DOI: 10.1080/14434318.2021.1938932
C. Roberts, Mark Erdmann, Genevieve Trail
This special open-call issue of the Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art (ANZJA) presents papers that examine issues relating to art of the Greater China region encompassing mainland China, Hong Kong and Taiwan as well as Chinese diasporas. Here, Greater China is understood as an active cultural space defined by historical, multi-directional flows of people and ideas rather than territorial boundaries, with Chinese diaspora connecting China to all parts of the world. The aim in encouraging writers to think about the Greater China cultural space is to recover forgotten or marginalised histories and suggest alternatives to monolithic national narratives in order to reconfigure the field of Chinese art history in more complex and connected ways. The writers here are rethinking the frameworks that inform art history, notably the way both art and history are conceptualised, its periodisation, its pedagogical assumptions, and notions of linear progress informed by political events emanating from dominant sources of power. As editors we posed the following questions: What are the limitations of and gaps in the current art historical record? What are the discrepancies and interventions that are generally not acknowledged? How do extant histories of Chinese art intersect with world art history? What is the contribution of art produced in Greater China and its diasporas to modern and contemporary international art? To what extent can new or reconsidered case studies of art produced in this cultural space point to alternative ways to think about the mobility of artists, ideas, and artworks and the writing of art history today? These questions and the ideas that they raise originated from issue editor Claire Roberts’ Australian Research Council Future Fellowship ‘Reconfiguring the World: China. Art. Agency. 1900s to Now’ (FT140100743) based in the School of Culture and Communication at the University of Melbourne. This fellowship was conceived in 2013 to consider the international context of modern and contemporary Chinese art. Over the past eight years the idea of ‘Reconfiguring the world’ through the agency of artists and art works has become more urgent and relevant, and in ways that were difficult to anticipate back in 2013. Today, the world community faces serious challenges arising from geo-political power shifts, the ongoing scourge of
《澳大利亚和新西兰艺术杂志》(ANZJA)的这期公开特刊介绍了与大中华地区艺术相关的论文,包括中国大陆、香港和台湾以及中国侨民。在这里,大中华区被理解为一个活跃的文化空间,由历史、多方向的人员和思想流动而非领土边界定义,散居海外的华人将中国与世界各地连接起来。鼓励作家思考大中华文化空间的目的是恢复被遗忘或边缘化的历史,并提出替代单一民族叙事的方案,以更复杂、更紧密的方式重新配置中国艺术史领域。这里的作者正在重新思考艺术史的框架,特别是艺术和历史的概念化方式、分期、教学假设,以及由主要权力来源产生的政治事件所产生的线性进步概念。作为编辑,我们提出了以下问题:当前艺术历史记录的局限性和差距是什么?哪些差异和干预措施通常没有得到承认?中国现存艺术史与世界艺术史是如何交叉的?大中华地区及其散居地的艺术对现当代国际艺术有何贡献?在这个文化空间中产生的新的或重新思考的艺术案例研究,在多大程度上可以指向思考艺术家、思想和艺术品的流动性以及当今艺术史写作的替代方式?这些问题和他们提出的想法源于问题编辑克莱尔·罗伯茨的澳大利亚研究委员会未来奖学金“重构世界:中国”。艺术代理。1900年代至今”(FT140100743),总部设在墨尔本大学文化与传播学院。该奖学金于2013年设立,旨在考虑中国现当代艺术的国际背景。在过去的八年里,通过艺术家和艺术作品的代理来“重构世界”的想法变得更加紧迫和相关,其方式在2013年很难预料。今天,国际社会面临着地缘政治权力转移带来的严重挑战
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Australian and New Zealand Journal of Art
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